sun

The overhaul of 6,000 Airbus A320 aircraft is a disturbing reminder that our technology is at the mercy of the Sun

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Airports around the world have once again plunged into chaos of red screens and canceled flights. Airbus and EASA They have ordered an unprecedented technical stoppage of 6,000 A320 aircraft to apply a patch that prevents “data corruption in the ELAC computer.” Behind this technicality lies a disturbing reminder that all of our digital technology is at the mercy of the Sun. The more advanced, miniaturized and efficient our infrastructure is, the more vulnerable it becomes to space weather. Anatomy of a “bit flip”. On October 30, a JetBlue Airbus A320 covering the route between Cancun and Newark made a sudden downward pitch without the pilots commanding it. A manufacturer inquiry revealed that the culprit had been a high-energy particle: a neutron generated by the interaction of the solar wind with the atmosphere that impacted a memory cell of the ELAC (Elevator Aileron Computer) computer with enough energy to change the voltage of a microscopic transistor from 0 to 1. This phenomenon known as a “bit flip” caused the L104 version of the Airbus software to interpret that the plane was in a dangerous situation (such as a stall). The computer did what it was programmed to do: “save” the plane by lowering the nose to gain speed. But the problem was not the hardware itself, but rather the software logic, which in this version does not have the necessary immunity to discard corrupt data. Hence, it does not affect all aircraft, and the solution is to apply a patch. The price of Moore’s law. 30 years ago, transistors were macroscopic bricks that required a lot of energy to alter. Today, microprocessors in airplanes (as well as those in cars and cell phones) have transistors on the nanometer scale. They are so sensitive that a minor solar storm, like the one on October 30, which was classified as G1, has the potential to wreak havoc that we previously only expected from catastrophic solar stormslike the Carrington event. It is the price that we pay for Moore’s law– As transistors become smaller and operate at lower voltages, less power is required to disturb their state. A precedent called Qantas 72. While the JetBlue Flight 1230 case has ended up affecting an unusual number of aircraft, industry veterans have had a déjà vu. In 2008, Qantas Flight 72 (an Airbus A330) experienced a similar nightmare over the Indian Ocean. The plane abruptly lowered its nose twice without warning, throwing passengers against the cabin roof. The Australian ATSB investigation concluded that one of the aircraft’s inertial reference units had been hit by cosmic rays, causing it to take an angle of attack of 50 degrees. The difference is that today we have thousands more planes in the sky, more dependent on automation, and operating under a 25 Solar Cycle which is proving to be more active than anticipated. Beyond airplanes. The Sun had already sent us a warning about its new maximum in 2022, when SpaceX lost 38 of 49 Starlink satellites just released. Not due to electronic failures, but thermodynamic ones. A solar storm increased the density of air in the Earth’s atmosphere, slowing satellites in low orbit until they fell. It was a minor storm, but enough to cost millions of dollars. The satellites are more exposed to solar radiation and are especially sensitive to geomagnetic storms. On Halloween night 2003, the Sun played trick-or-treating, causing a 30-hour crash in the FAA’s WAAS system, which is vital to GPS landing accuracy. If that were to happen today, with the current reliance on GNSS for everything (from Uber to banking transactions), the impact would be incalculable. Will there be another Carrington event? The most disturbing thing about the technical report on the A320 is that the triggering event was a level G1 geomagnetic storm, classified as minor. The scale goes up to G5, classified as extreme. In 1859, the Carrington Event fried telegraph networks around the world. If a storm of that magnitude hit the Earth today, we wouldn’t be talking about updating the software of 6,000 airplanes. We would be talking about the possible loss of entire GPS constellations, massive physical damage to the electrical grid and a paralysis of global transportation for weeks or months. We’ve built a civilization on extremely fragile silicon scaffolding, and our host star has a bad temper. Hence, space meteorology has ceased to be a scientific curiosity and has become a first-rate mission to predict solar storms and prepare satellites, astronauts and electrical infrastructure on the ground for any possibility. Today was a software patch, tomorrow we may need to rethink how we harden all of our technology. Image | ESA, Airbus In Xataka | Airbus has launched an urgent alert for the A320, the most delivered aircraft in the world: “operational interruptions” are looming

This is how the “impossible” photo of the man falling into the Sun was made

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It seems like a montage, but it is so real that it has gone around the world just when AI was making surreal images stop impressing us. Andrew McCarthy’s “The Fall of Icarus” has shown that there are still ways to outdo the machine with technical precision and months of planning. Logistical madness. In the photo, a backlit silhouette appears to have launched itself in free fall over the Sun. It is the skydiver Gabriel C. Brown transiting in front of a particularly active solar disk. On the other side of the telescope, the famous astrophotographer Andrew McCarthywhich had begun planning the capture at the beginning of the year. It is, quite possibly, the first photo of this type, since the list of variables to control was insane. They needed the optimal sun angle, a safe height for Brown to launch from, and a perfectly calculated glide path between the sun and the camera. Three-way communication. It was 9 in the morning in the Arizona desert. McCarthy had his telescopes ready and was in constant communication with both Gabriel Brown, the skydiver, and Jim Hamberlin, the pilot of the paramotor from which he would launch. McCarthy followed the aircraft with his telescope and, once it was aligned with the Sun, gave the order. “Okay, I’ll see you,” he said over the radio. “Jump, jump, jump!” Brown jumped at about 1,070 meters above sea level with the engine idling to ensure a perfect angle. “I got it, man!” he heard him say on the radio. The sixth time was the charm. McCarthy told Live Science that the biggest challenge had been finding the paramotor in the sky. Although it was about 2.4 km from its position, the point of the shot was to capture in detail the Sun, which was 50 million times the same distance. It took the team six attempts to correctly align the aircraft with the photographer’s position on the ground. When push came to shove, they could only make one jump, as folding the parachute for a second attempt would have taken too long. Is it really not a setup? It is not, and the secret is in the telescope. As explained PetaPixelcarried a hydrogen-alpha filter to block all sunlight except for a very specific red wavelength that emits incandescent hydrogen. This is how those infernal images of the solar chromosphere are taken: the layer of active “fire” on the surface of the Sun, with its filaments and protuberances especially visible during times of greater solar activity. It is not very different from how other photos of rockets and space stations passing in front of the Sun are taken, but with extra planning and audacity so that the protagonist of the image is, for the first time, a tiny person. Images | Andrew McCarthy In Xataka | We are used to seeing the Perseids looking up. This is what they look like from space, looking down

offer “sun a la carte”

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Suppose you acquire the power to cancel the night in a specific place in the world. What would you use it for? It’s not a new idea. During World War II, Nazi scientists fantasized about launching mirrors into space. in order to “fry” enemy cities. Fortunately, they didn’t have the technology to do it. In the 1990s, Russia really tried with the Znamya projectwhose sole intention was to illuminate the dark cities of Siberia during the long winter. However, the experiment was short-lived: the first prototype disintegrated in the atmosphere and the second was never deployed. A new attempt. In the era of photovoltaic solar energy, the Californian company Reflect Orbital plans deploy a constellation of gigantic mirrors in orbit with a new purpose: to reflect sunlight towards large photovoltaic plants on Earth during twilight hours. In other words, offer “sun on demand” as a service to increase the production of renewable energy. The company, which has already raised $20 million, carried out successful tests with hot air balloons, and is ready to make the leap into space. Its director, Ben Nowack, sums it up like this: “We want to make it as easy as possible: you go to a website, tell us your GPS coordinates and we send you some sunlight after dark.” They have already applied to the FCC for a license to launch their first demonstration satellite in 2026, with an 18 x 18 meter mirror. In the long term, they propose deploying a fleet of 4,000 satellites with reflectors of up to 55 x 55 meters. “Catastrophic” for science. As energy companies know, solar panels stop producing electricity just when demand picks up. Reflecting sunlight from the sky can solve this intermittency, a seemingly laudable idea that doesn’t appeal to everyone. Astronomers, already fighting a tough battle against light pollution, have reacted vehemently. “The whole point of this project is to illuminate the sky and extend daylight, and obviously from an astronomical perspective, that’s pretty catastrophic,” explains Robert Masseyfrom the Royal Astronomical Society of the United Kingdom. Worse than Starlink? Unlike constellations like SpaceX’s Starlink, where satellite glow is an unwanted effect that the company tries to mitigate, in the case of Reflect Orbital, light pollution is the main product. The beams of light would be four times brighter than the full moon, and would not only affect the illuminated area, because atmospheric dispersion would extend the impact to hundreds of kilometers around, according to the astronomers themselves. This would not only ruin astronomical observations, but could have devastating effects on wildlife, disrupting the circadian rhythms of countless species, experts say. Too late? The Reflect Orbital project comes at the worst possible time for astronomy. The night skies have been under siege for some time. Artificial objects in orbit have already increased the brightness of the night sky by more than 10% above natural levels, exceeding the threshold at which a place is considered “light polluted”. Satellite megaconstellations led astronomers to come together and create a common front to save the dark skies. The fear is that, if projects like Reflect Orbital succeed, there will soon be no dark corners on our planet from which to observe the universe. Hence many of the most ambitious and powerful telescopes are being deployed in space. Images | Reflect Orbital In Xataka | The Nazi plan to build a huge space mirror with which to ‘fry’ enemies and the Russian project that (almost) makes it a reality

The James Webb captures a lonely object of the size of Jupiter devouring like a miniature sun

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An international astronomer team has witnessed an extraordinary event: a lonely object, with a mass of just 5 to 10 times that of Jupiter, has entered a violent and prolonged growth burst. Using the combined power of James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and him Vary Large Telescope (VLT) of the Southern European Observatory, scientists They have observed How this object, known as Cha J11070768-7626326, drastically increases its brightness and its “food” rhythm, behaving like a miniature star. The importance. This discovery represents the first time that a outbreak of accretion of type “exor”, a phenomenon so far associated with young stars, in a body of planetary mass. The finding is not only a milestone in astronomical observation, but also further blur the borders between what we consider a giant planet and a small star. The mystery. CH 1107-7626 is not a planet in the traditional sense that we all have in our mind. Although it has a mass comparable to that of a gaseous giant, I do not orbit any star and is 620 light years from the earth. Is what is known as an “free planetary mass object” or FFPMO (for its acronym in English). The existence of these lonely bodies raises a fundamental question for astronomy: are giant planets that were expelled from their solar systems, or are smaller stars that can exist in isolation? In order to solve this enigma that astronomers have right now on the table, you have to analyze the gas and dust disc that is around, as well as the way of accumulating the material. The fact that Cha 1107-7626 has an album and feeds on it suggests that its origin is more like that of a star. A cosmic feast. Astronomers observed Cha 1107-7626 in a state of calm in April and May 2025. However, for June, something had changed drastically. The object entered a “indulgence.” This means that its rhythm of ‘food’ began to increase, and in this way it reached a mass increase rate of 10-7 masses of Jupiter per year, the highest ever measured in a planetary mass object. As a result of this frenzy, the objective became between 1.5 and 2 brighter magnitudes in visible light and its optical flow increased between 3 and 6 times. This outbreak remained active for at least two months, since it was still on the end of the observation campaign in August 2026. But the most interesting thing is the speed it has. According to the observations made with the Vray Lark Telescope of the European Observatory, the growth rate is really aggressive, with a record rate of devouring 6,600 million tons per second of dust and gas. Great footprints. Beyond the increase in brightness, the telescopes captured detailed physical changes that reveal the nature of the event. A hydrogen emission line, known as Hα, developed a “double peak” profile with a red displaced absorption. According to the authors, this profile is a “distinctive brand” of the accretion channeled through magnetic fields, a process called “magnetospherical accretion” observed in young stars. But the most surprising finding was the change in the chemistry of the disc. At first, changes in the emission lines of the hydrocarbons molecules that came from the disc during the outbreak were seen. But water vapor also began to appear with a characteristic emission around 6.6 µm. This appeared during the outbreak where there was nothing before and is relevant because it is the first time that chemical changes of this type are observed caused by an increase in accretion. Relevance. This event classifies Cha 1107-7626 as the first “exor” of known planetary mass. Exor outbursts are significant accretion events that are considered key episodes in the early evolution of the stars. They can deeply affect the physical structure and chemical composition of the protoplanetary disk, potentially influencing the early stages of planet formation. Observing this process in such a small object demonstrates that the violent and fundamental mechanisms that the stars build also work at planetary scales. The study of Cha 1107-7626 offers an unprecedented vision of the accretion in the lower mass objects of the universe, providing a new window to understand how both smaller stars and the largest planets are formed. Images | Javier Miranda In Xataka | The most transformer of modern cosmology is just around the corner, according to the hypothesis of these physicists

To build an “artificial sun” we need to be able to move the weight of ten elephants with millimeter precision. This is what China has just done

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In Chinese mythology, Kuafu was a giant who challenged the gods when trying to catch the sun to give light and heat to their people. Centuries later, China re -pursues that same ambition, but now with avant -garde science: to create a “Artificial sun” that provides clean and unlimited energy. And in that way, the engineers have just presented a new protagonist worthy of legend: a colossal robot. The arm for fusion. The Asian giant has developed a remote manipulation platform for future fusion reactors. It is a system with three robotic arms, whose main manipulator can raise up to 60 tons – the weight of ten African elephants – with a millimeter accuracy, According to South China Morning Post. Meanwhile, the two secondary arms stand out for even more extreme precision: ± 0.01 millimeters, which makes it the most advanced remote management system in the field of fusion. Closer to the “artificial sun.” The objective of this whole project is to achieve stable nuclear fusion, that almost inexhaustible energy that mimics the process that occurs in the sun’s core. In fact, China has been breaking records for years in its East experimental reactor, which this year has achieved Maintain a confined plasma for 1,066 seconds, a world record that exceeds 403 seconds Realized in 2023. But for this energy to become commercial, it is necessary to resolve a major challenge: maintenance. The internal components of a reactor, such as coating or the diving, are constantly damaged by heat, radiation and magnetic fields. And this is where this new robot comes into play: no human being could work in these extreme conditions. The in -depth project. The robot is part of the craft (Comprehensive Research Facity for Fusion Technology), an installation in Hefei, Anhui, nicknamed “Kuafu” in honor of the mythical giant. More than 300 scientists and engineers participate in this project, According to SCMPunder the supervision of the Institute of Plasma Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. “We have developed a machine capable of meeting extremely demanding requirements by overcoming obstacles in materials, sensors and control,” explained Pan HongtaoInstitute researcher. The idea is to use craft as a test bank to develop and validate key fusion technologies, including those that will be applied in the future Chinese experimental fusion reactor (CFETR) and in the International Iter project In France. Ready to go into action? For now, we are not talking about an operational robot in a reactor, but of an experimental platform. According to China Dailythe system has already exceeded the evaluation of experts and will serve as an engineering verification platform to ensure that, when reactors enter into operation, remote maintenance is safe and precise. Craft, where it is housed, plans to be completed in the late 2025. Beyond fusion. Although the immediate objective is to maintain fusion reactors, technology is not limited to that field. According to CGTNthe advances achieved in this robot could also be applied in inspection of nuclear plants, aerospace industry, operations with heavy machinery or even emergency rescues. A global career for the artificial sun. The Kuafu robot does not arise in a vacuum. Other countries also develop remote maintenance systems, although with much lower capabilities. The most advanced arm of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (Japan) supports only 2 tons. In contrast, the Chinese robot can manipulate 30 times higher loads. At the international level, the Iter project in France – in which 35 countries participate – will have a system Able to handle up to 45 tons. The new Chinese system already exceeds it in load capacity, although both remain development platforms rather than operating systems. The road map is clear but slow: Chinese experts They calculate that they are still 30 to 50 years to see commercial fusion reactors. And the European Union, with its Eurofusion projectdoes not expect to start testing with plasma until the end of this year. Forecasts The Chinese commitment to nuclear fusion advances with firm steps. The development of a robot capable of lifting 60 tons with surgical precision is not a simple engineering achievement: it is an essential piece for someday fusion reactors to maintain and function stable. Humanity He has been trying to replicate the energy of the sun on earth. With advances like this, China shows that it is determined to be the protagonist in that race. Decades may be missing to see fusion plants in operation, but every step we bring us a little more to that utopia to capture the sun. Image | Freepik Xataka | The largest nuclear fusion project on the planet has survived the setbacks. This is the date on which Iter should be ready

In case Spain did not have enough problems with sun and beach tourism, add a new business: wedding tourism

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There are those who travel to disconnect, to learn about new landscapes, cultures or traditions, to whom he guides his appetite or simply who wants to enjoy relaxing days on a distant beach with a soda in his hand. To all of them is now added a type of tourist difficult to classify and seeks something totally different: marry. Your trips feed the flourishing (and millionaire) Industry of Rinning Weddings And they are already The pillar of some balearic farms. The ‘yes I want’ as a new rising tourist asset. Two words: Rinning Weddings. The concept is not new, but a quick search on Google is enough to verify that little by little gains strength in Spain. The Rinning Weddings or ‘destination weddings’ are neither more nor less than what the term suggests: couples who, instead of getting married in the city in which they live or in which some of the bride and groom are sought, choose to give the ‘yes I want’ far away. In another city or region. It may even that in another country, including destinations as exotic as Las Vegas or some Greek island. The idea is very simple: that the wedding is more than a wedding for boyfriends and guests, that is also a getaway. A juicy business. It is not easy to provide precise (and updated) data on how many Spanish partners travel to other countries to marry and how many foreigners Spain choose as the scenario for their bodies. In any case something is clear: with Spanish tourism Breaking records and approaching the barrier of 100 million Of visitors, it is a juicy business. And clearly on the rise. In February, Future Marketin Sights consultant published A broad study that estimates that The global market The wedding tourism will be around 36,800 million dollars, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.4% throughout the next decade. They are high values, but above all they exceed those who handled only a few years ago. His Calculation for 2022for example, pointed to a business volume of ‘Solo’ 23,000 million. “The Rinning Weddings They are one of the most popular and most dynamic segments in the global wedding industry, in which couples opt for personalized experiences in exotic places around the world, ” The authors collect of the study. “More and more boyfriends choose to exchange their votes in picturesque and culturally rich places, often with a group of friends and family. The market covers a wide variety of services and destinations offers.” How does Spain affect? As Spain sits top of the world ranking of tourist destinations and even dreams of crowning it (something feasible already in 2040according to the estimates of Google and Deloitte), our country is also reinforced on the map of the Rinning Weddings. On the Internet they can be found A good number of websites in English dedicated to Organize weddings In Spain or what They promote the peninsula and the islands as “An ideal destination” so that the bride and groom exchange alliances. The Canary Islands, Malaga, Marbella or Mallorca usually appear on their list, although in reality the market is very wide. A few years ago Ciudad Rodrigo (Salamanca) launched a baptized initiative ‘Ciudad Rodrigo Wedding Friendly’ I was looking for precisely position the town on the map of wedding celebrations. As the main asset he used his rich historical heritage. A quick search in The Wedding Travel Company It shows in any case that couples determined to marry their city have an extensive list of alternatives in Spain, Greece, Cyprus, Italy, Portugal or the United States, to quote only some countries on their vast list. “We specialize”. To understand the phenomenon The confidential He has spoken With some representatives of the Mallorca sector, one of the hot points of national tourism. And their data and statements are striking. Finca is Cabàslocated just over 20 kilometers from the urban center of Palma, explains that practically 100% of the weddings they do are tourists. And the director of the farm They are brownlocated not much further from there, it agrees that about 98% of the links that host them also lead. “There is a lot of American, a lot of German, a lot of British,” Confirm Yesssi Morel, Wedding Plannerfor whom, beyond the attractiveness of Spain or the costs, the key of the island pull in the destination wedding market is the approach that the sector has adopted. “I think we put everything very easy to foreigners. We are specializing a lot. Every time weddings are perfected more.” As for costs, statista data Before the pandemic show that Spain is one of the countries where the most expensive weddings are celebrated ($ 23,400 on average in 2019), although in reality the data is not much higher than that of Italy and is below the $ 29,000 that were reached that same year in the US. “They seek to save and in Mallorca they have the same wedding with the same quality they could have in the US, but at a lower cost,” Morel clarifies. And how does Mallorquines affect? That is the other big question. In a market that looks at the foreign client and the American couples with a wide budget, what options do they have left? The topic is interesting because, as remember the Wedding Plannerforeigners who plan to marry their home usually follow certain patterns: they reserve well in advance and have no problem in celebrating their ceremonies any day of the week. That (of course) forces the locals to adapt. “The Mallorcan marries only on Saturday and usually prefer certain months, such as September. If they do not escape, they run out of dates,” Confirm The wedding organizer. “Farm owners believe they have a treasure in their hands. They have seen a reef.” Images | Carlo Buttinoni (UNSPLASH) and Camila Cordeiro (UNSPLASH) Via | The confidential In Xataka | The end of the open bar: how weddings are leaving behind their only ‘collective … Read more

For something more than the sun

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That Japanese culture attracts the rest of the world It is a fact. There are the Visitors figures foreigners visiting the nation with numbers that They overcome every year. The Japanese nation interests because in many cases it is what opposite to the culture of the West. Let’s put as an example a postcard that usually surprises the tourist who comes: why are the hell so many Japanese with umbrella? One track: it is not just to cover the sun. Umbrella and spirits. Yes, in Japan, umbrellas and umbrella are not just protection against rain or sun, they can also Be Yorishirothat is, objects capable of attracting or hosting divinities and spirits. This Animistic visiondescribed by Professor Emeritus Tatsuo Danjyoassociates the circular form of the umbrella with the soul and its mango with the pillar through which the entities descend, which makes the daily object a spiritual receptacle with symbolic presence in ritual and popular life. Of the emblem of power to common use. Between the IX and XI centuries, the umbrella broke into Japan not as a meteorological shelter, but as a distinguished of Religious and political authority: Long Sashikake-Gasa sustained by assistants on elites and dignitaries. From the 12th century its use extended to the people, but the spiritual ground remained, so that the umbrella lived with its practical function as a sign of amparo, status and link with the sacred. Festivals that cure. Today that dimension survives in celebrations where the umbrella acts as a ritual vehicle. In The Yasurai Matsuri of Kyoto, in April, the floral umbrellas “extract” diseases of the participants, and in The Dontaku hakata From Fukuoka, every May 3-4, the imposing Kasaboko distribute health and fortune to whom it passes under them. Not just that. In Oksahima (Kōchi), during the Obon From August 13 to 16, richly decorated umbrella structures house the spirits of the newly deceased to, on the night of the 16 alternate years, lead them back to the beyond through a processional dance. The umbrella that comes alive. Japanese imagination has personified this relationship in the so -called Like Kasa Yōkaithe “spirit-peel” that appears in paintings and rolls like the Night of the parade of demons mirates, where ancient and discarded objects wake up and roam. With its only eye and naughty features, Kasa Yōkai embodies the Animistic intuition That the used, dear and finally abandoned utensils can keep a spiritual spark. Everyday use. Although visitors see parasols to protect themselves from the sun or umbrella against rain, in Japan open A traditional Wagasa It can resonate with a cultural memory that transcends the weather. In fact, workshops and museums allow to explore first hand the history and trade of these pieces, from their structure to their decoration, connecting the daily practice with a legacy that combines utility, aesthetics and ritual meaning. A modern gesture with roots. Thus, the image of streets crowded with umbrellas on sunny days summarizes a continuity: A practical object that, while still being, operates as a symbol of care, health and good fortune. Remembering that double nature (physical protection and spiritual vehicle) explains why in Japan a simple opening and closing can, according to tradition, summon more than shadow or coat. Image | Cipher In Xataka | Japan is living something unpublished in its most emblematic neighborhoods: the “chinification” of anime and video games In Xataka | Japan has put a spicy in Spain in a peculiar way: with a “Madrid Osaka” in a town of 93 inhabitants

Solar storms are increasingly threatening for the earth. NASA wants to prepare with a “digital twin” of the sun

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The sun, that star that gives us life, also has an unpredictable character and potentially destructive. So much so that A large solar storm It could return to us technologically to the stone age in the blink of an eye. To avoid this, NASA and IBM They have joined forces To create a model that simulates the behavior of the sun. And how could it be otherwise, it has been generated with artificial intelligence. A authentic twin of the sun to understand it better. The union of forces of these two institutions has resulted in the creation of Surya, an artificial intelligence Designed to act as a digital twin of the sun and anticipate their violent outbursts with precision that with the models that are currently used cannot be achieved. Training an AI with the heart of a star. The challenge of predicting the space climate is undoubtedly a great challenge For scientists. To build Surya, the engineers turned to an inexhaustible data source: the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) NASA Hala. For nine years, this probe has State watching the sun without restcapturing images of very high resolution every 12 seconds in different wavelengths and measuring its complex magnetic field. Once you have all this information is where artificial intelligence comes into action to be able to organize and interpret them for experts. That is why the first thing Surya did is standardize all data formats to be able to process them together. Intelligent filtering of all this information. Once the data was unified, the next step was to use a long -range vision transformer, an architecture capable of analyzing gigantic images to identify patterns and relationships between points of solar activity, regardless of how far they are from each other. But he did not stay here, because thanks to a mechanism known as ‘spectral door’, the system was able to filter the ‘noise’ of the data to reduce memory use and improve the quality of the information with which it worked. Therefore, researchers were removed a lot of work to have to label all the images, causing it to adapt rapidly. More precision and twice as much time to react. The results of the initial tests are very promising. Until now, Traditional models barely gave us an hour in advance before a solar eruption. With Surya it has been shown to be able to launch a reliable warning two hours in advance, doubleing the humanity preparation window. But it is not only faster, but also accurate. The IBM and NASA team recorded a 16% improvement in precision when classifying solar rashes compared to the models used right now. Something that is also thanks to the ability to integrate information from other missions such as Parker solar probe or the Soho Observatory. An open tool for the science of the future. Far from saving this powerful tool in a key drawer, IBM and NASA have made it available to the entire scientific community. Surya is now available on platforms such as Hugging Face, GITHUB or even the Terratorch library. Kevin Murphy, NASA scientific data director, is clear: “We facilitate the analysis of the complexity of our star’s behavior with unprecedented speed and precision. This opens the door to a better understanding of the impact of solar activity on the systems on which our daily life depends.” The goal is for the Earth to be prepared. Although we see the central star of our system as harmless, the reality is that at any time this sensation can change. In this way, preparation and anticipation is fundamental and for the moment all hopes are put in this model of where it is possible to learn from the processes behind the evolution of the sun with the aim of having a greater amount of information. Images | Javier Miranda In Xataka | How the Solar System was formed: So that the Earth was born, a star had to die

How to cover the sun became more aspirational than tan

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For decades, summer was summed up in suns, forgotten sunscreen at the bottom of the bag and the eternal search for golden tan. But something has changed in recent years. While some people continue to bet on the Caribbean tone at any cost, a new trend has gained ground: covering the sun almost completely, until the solar phobia is touched. And although it can sound new in the West, in Asia it is not unusual. The ideal of clear skin. While in the West we obsess for decades with achieving a “healthy” tan – a term that, According to dermatologists such as Dr. José María Ricartit is still an oxymoron -, in much of Asia the approach has been another: covering itself. In countries like China or South Korea, protecting from the sun is not a trend, it is a norm. The beauty ideal is associated with clear, uniform skin, without spots, because a culture has been fed where perfect skin is status symbol. Recently, As reported by the South China Morning Postyouth of regions such as Fujian and Sichuan have taken this obsession to the extreme, using makeshift masks with cabbage leaves the size of an entire face. Beyond satire or aesthetics, priority is clear: avoid any effect of the sun on the skin. A phobia that reaches the West. Now, this fear of the sun expands. In the West, the minimalist bikini is being replaced by garments with UV protection and hats the size of an umbrella. According to The Wall Street Journalcelebrities such as Anne Hathaway, Halle Berry or Michelle Monaghan have been seen on vacation dressed in whole -body swimsuits, long -sleeved shirts and accessories designed to cover up to the last centimeter of leather. It is not a matter of modesty: it is prevention. In Spain, for example, actress Miriam Giovanelli has become one of the most visible voices In campaigns such as World Leather Cancer Day Of the international dermatological clinic, remembering that photoprotection is not just summer thing. In the words of Caroline Goldfarb, screenwriter and founder of Fishwife, collected by WSJ: “I have investigated the Burkinis, they are incredibly elegant. Muslim designers are icons of total coverage.” For many women like her, this hyperprotection is not a whim, but a way of fighting premature aging and skin cancer. Besides, According to Cleveland Clinicclothing with sun protection (UPF) blocks much more UV radiation than a common shirt. Of course, not every garment is worth: dermatologists recommend fabrics with UPF 50+, of closed plot, synthetic and in dark tones. But why? This phenomenon does not arise from nothing. As The dermatologist Amy Wechsler has explained in WSJmany women who invest in Cosmetic procedures —Theses, peels or rejuvenating sera – they also seek to protect that investment with UPF clothes, hats and glasses. It is part of the new self -care ritual: it is not only about looking good, but also being “intact.” This aesthetic obsession is not new, but it has intensified with the culture of collagen, filters and boom of the K-Beauty. As we have already written in Xatakawhat was previously sun cream, now is collagen dust, salmon DNA injection or facial analysis with AI. The implicit message: Aging is wrong. Covering from the sun may seem like a health gesture, but does not escape that logic. Isn’t it exaggerated? Solar prevention is important, but some experts already warn of excesses. Jennifer Chwalek, Dermatologist from UniDanderm, has warned in the WSJ On the risks of a total avoidance of the sun, such as vitamin D. deficiency Charlotte Palermino, aestheticist and founder of Dieux, ironized: “I don’t want to end like Gollum, with rickets.” Take care of yourself. Isolate yourself from the sun as if it were nuclear radiation, maybe not. An more symptom of aesthetic pressure? The sun has been demonized, but the context matters. According to the SAFE study79% of adults and 74% of Spanish children are exposed to the Sun in the most dangerous hours (11:00 to 17:00), and only 39.7% reaplies sunscreen every two hours. Protection is necessary, yes. But it is also to educate in its responsible use, without falling into fear or social pressure. As The dermatologist Amy Wechsler to WSJ has commentedmany patients who spend on cosmetic treatments also wear UPF clothes to “protect investment.” And it is that youth has become a mandate. From South Korea, where aesthetic tourism lives an unprecedented boom, to collagen fever in the West, the pressure to “look good” has fed a constant aesthetic anxiety. Between the sun and the mirror. From Korea to California, from collagen in coffee to the design burkini, what is at stake is not only the skin, but the time. We cover ourselves to take care of ourselves, yes, but also to continue looking young. The challenge is not just to avoid spots: it is to assume that the sun and wrinkles are part of life. Image | Pexels Xataka | The summers are so short in Finland that he has accepted a guest to enjoy the beaches: kilos of poop

Pistachio’s profitability comes after years and the sun pays from the first lease contract

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In Carmona (Seville), up to 28 solar projects advance on land that, until recently, were sown with cereal, pipes or chickpeas. The boom of photovoltaic in this municipality is not only attracting energy investment, but also transforming the rural landscape and the local economy. This was reported by the farmer José Portillo In a report of the Research Team Program. The most striking of his case is the economic jump: for each hectare of dry land he obtained just about 100 euros a year; Now, leased to a solar plant, it brings 1,900 euros. This is not an isolated case. With contracts from 20 to 30 years and stable profitability, More and more farmers wonder If the future of the field goes to continue cultivating or capturing the sun. And the answer is that it is within the usual: According to the Eave installation companyIn 2024 the average rental price for photovoltaic projects ranged between 1,000 and 2,000 euros per hectare. Of course, not any farm is suitable: soils are needed for energy use, overcome environmental and hydraulic procedures and, above all, have a point of connection to the electricity grid with sufficient capacity. From the grain to the kilowatt. Official numbers help contextualize the dilemma. According to the Ministry of Agriculture, In your Agricultural Income 2024 – 2nd estimate (March 2025)Spanish agricultural income grew by 11.2 % in 2024, driven by cereal recovery (+38.9 %), The olive oil rebound (+34.3 %) and the decrease in feed costs (−19.5 %) and fertilizers (−23.3 %). But that average bonanza is not distributed the same on all plots. The National Agrarian Accounting Network (Recan) shows that in extensive crops of drying the benefits are usually very small, while In intensive accounts change. The olive grove can generate between 3,000 and 4,000 euros per hectare per year; The Almendro in Seto recovers the investment in about five years, and the pistachio reaches yields of 5,000 to 8,000 euros per hectare in full maturity. In short, everything depends on what the farm is dedicated. In cereal dryland, the solar lease far multiplies the usual benefits. In more technified crops, figures can approach or even exceed the profitability of photovoltaic, although at the expense of assuming higher investments, agronomic risks and price volatility. The sun, in any case, has become an economic competitor of the traditional field. A third way: self -consumption. Not everything goes for renting the ground. Another option is that it is the farmer himself who installs panels to reduce their energy costs. According to the Renewable APPA reportSpain already has more than 8,585 MW of self -consumption, 73 % of them in industrial projects, which covered 3.7 % of national demand. Savings is not less: APPA and EDP Energy They estimate that each KW installed is € 157 less per year in homes and € 101 in industries. Field translated: an irrigation exploitation with a 100 kW installation could save around 10,000 euros per year in electricity, more if it adds batteries and adapts consumption to sun hours. An intermediate formula. Between white and black the agrovoltaic arises: producing electricity while growing. Researchers from the University of Córdoba (2024) They have demonstrated that in olive groves in hedge it is viable to install high plates that optimize radiation for both trees and solar modules, without losing olives. International examples also point in that direction: Italian wineries that They have improved the quality of wine Under the shadow of panels or farms in Australia where even the wool of the sheep It was of higher quality. Looking for the combination. The future of the Spanish field may not consist in choosing between sun or land, but in combining them. In the agrarian Spain of 2025, one hectare is no longer measured only in kilos of cereal or liters of oil, but also in kilowatts. With an agricultural income that rebounds thanks to cereal and olive grove, the photovoltaic rent offers many farmers a stable income difficult to match in low profitability areas. Between panels, olive groves and batteries, the future is probably mixed – and will depend, as always, on the ground, the sun and of the network. Image | Unspash Xataka | Spain believed to be very clear about the last year in which nuclear power plants would operate in Spain. Now not so much

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