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Spain turns in the opposite direction to the rest of Europe. It is part of a geological plan: close the Mediterranean

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Spain and Portugal are dancing to a different rhythm than the rest of Europe. They are moving clockwise and the consequence is clear: a long-term closure of the Mediterranean that connects the Iberian Peninsula directly to North Africa. The convergence between continents is slow, a few millimeters a year (so we will continue needing the tunnel between Spain and Morocco), but one thing is clear: another Pangea is on the way. And the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco will be a unit. In short. Continental plates move. Some separate, others collide, and that continental drift has caused the emergence the Pangea Ultima theory. In 250 million years, there will only be one continent. There is a long way to go for that, but now, researchers from the University of the Basque Country, in collaboration with the universities of Palermo and Granada, have analyzed geodetic data that allows them to affirm that the Iberian Peninsula is rotating clockwise. This east-west rotation is driven by the convergence between the Eurasian and African plates, and the conclusion is clear: both are moving between four and six millimeters closer each year. This information is not new, but the researchers’ discovery is to specify the processes that take place at the diffuse boundary of the two western Mediterranean plates. Thanks, Gibraltar. Although the boundaries of other plates are well defined, this does not occur in the Western Mediterranean. There, the processes are much grayer, and there is something called “Gibraltar Arch” which plays an interesting role in this tectonic dynamic. To the east of the strait, the crust absorbs the deformation caused by the collision between the Eurasian and African plates. This ‘Gibraltar Arc’ acts as a buffer, but it has a consequence: in the west of the strait there is a direct collision between the plates, while in the east it is absorbed by the Gibraltar Arc. This lack of buffering from the southwest is what causes the clockwise rotation. Rotational strain rate field. Positive values ​​correspond to clockwise rotation, while negative values ​​refer to counterclockwise rotation. Active and potentially active faults are marked with solid and dashed gray lines, respectively. Double analysis. The researchers combined two types of accuracy analyzes to obtain these results. On the one hand, those of satellite deformation through GNSS system (Global Navigation Satellite System). Analyzing the data, they measured surface displacements with millimeter precision, relying on both permanent and occasional GPS markers. On the other hand, they also analyzed information from recent earthquakes that allowed them to determine the tectonic “stresses” in the area. They are independent data sets, but by crossing them they were able to draw a series of ‘lines’ that have allowed them to better specify the boundary between the plates. So that? Well, to better understand which sectors are in direct collision between plates and which are still more protected by the Gibraltar Arc. And the neighbors? The problem is that, although they claim that it is a rapid tectonic movement, this is true in geological terms. For us it is invaluable, but it also comes into play that we only have satellite data since 1999 and detailed seismic data since the 1980s. Even so, if with such a short range of data we have reached that conclusion in the annual approach, it is because the phenomenon is not in a hurry, but it does not pause either. And the most interesting thing is that this only affects the Iberian Peninsula. It is not that we are going to separate from France, since we ‘drag’ the rest of the continent thanks to the effect of the Gibraltar Arc, but we are not turning in the same direction as other neighbors. Italy, for example, experiences a counterclockwise rotation that exerts pressure in the alpine zoneand in the anatolian plate (where most of Türkiye is), there is also this counterclockwise rotation. Hello, Morocco. While in Turkey the consequence may be more earthquakes or mountain formations, this current speed of between 4 and 6 millimeters will cause, at some point, the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco to unite. This continental collision would close the Mediterraneanbut there is a lot left for it. How much? About 100 million years. They estimate that for 20 million years we will continue at the same speed, but within about 50 million years, things will gain momentum, accelerating the process and turning the region into one of the most active volcanic and seismic areas on the planet. It’s… foolish to worry. present utility. Now, beyond curiosity, the most immediate implication that the researchers point out is a better identification of active faults or areas in which previously unidentified tectonic structures could exist. Asier Madarieta-Txurruka, one of those responsible for the investigation, explains This information indicates where to look for these structures and boundaries to determine what type of folds and faults there may be. Thus, we can anticipate the type of earthquake that there will be and its magnitude in areas such as the Western Pyrenees or the region of Cádiz and Seville in which we know that there are numerous places with significant deformationbut we do not have well identified the active tectonic structures that cause them. And, although there is still a long way to go before the Alps and a new mountain range are founded across the peninsula and all of North Africa to Arabia, knowing better what we have right under our feet is much more useful. In Xataka | We knew that Africa was going to split in half. What we didn’t know was that it would happen so quickly.

The most powerful supercomputer in the world is in China. The other part of the story is even more interesting

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The biannual TOP500 list with the most powerful supercomputers on the planet has given a striking surprise in its June 2026 edition. The Chinese LineShine system, installed at the Shenzhen National Supercomputing Center, has debuted directly at number one. It thus displaces the American supercomputer El Capitan, which had dominated the ranking for years. China has not managed to lead this classification since 2017, thus breaking a decade of North American hegemony. Unprecedented raw power. The performance tests used to configure this list leave no doubt: LimeShine has achieved 2,198 exaflops of performance in the benchmark HPLcompared to 1,809 exaflops for its American rival. The Chinese machine is therefore 20% more powerful than the flagship of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California. It is a whole new milestone in global supercomputing. Surprise: zero GPUs. The performance is extraordinary, but even more so is the way this supercomputer has been created. Most modern supercomputers rely heavily on GPUs, specialized graphics chips from Nvidia or AMD, for massive data processing. However, LineShine uses CPUs instead of focusing everything on GPUs, something that differentiates this supercomputer from its rivals and makes the feat even more striking. Heart ARM. The fundamental pillar of LineShine It is the LX2 CPU. The data they point because it has been designed by Huawei, and in each of those CPUs we have two dies HBM computing and memory. Each die It has 152 ARMv9 cores that have EVS and EMS supportwhich allows the system to process vectors and matrices in an exceptional way even without GPUs. In total LineShine has 304 of these processors with a total of 13,789,440 cores. Avoiding vetoes. One of the reasons that have undoubtedly contributed to this design decision is the US trade war with China. Tariffs and export bans on hardware and software have made things very complicated, especially when it comes to getting Nvidia GPUs for AI processing. Despite all this, China has once again demonstrated an astonishing ability to advance technologically. Another curiosity: the system has been built without public funds from the Chinese government. Source: TOP500.org AI clusters don’t compete here (but they would “win”). This prestigious list had always offered us that vision of the most powerful computing systems in the world, but today the panorama has changed. It has done so because the AI ​​clusters created by big technology are probably more powerful than any of these systems. As explains Jimmy Goodrich of the University of California, “if hyperscalers competed with their systems, ‘fastest’ in the world wouldn’t even be in the top five.” That phrase, yes, has crumbs. But it’s comparing pears with apples. However, the supercomputers on the TOP500 list and the AI ​​clusters that hyperscalers are building to meet global demand are very different. The root problem is in floating point precision. Classic supercomputers like El Capitan are designed for high-fidelity scientific simulations, where the slightest rounding error can be fatal. That is why they operate under the FP64 standard with which tens of decimals are calculated: it is a slow and expensive process in energy, but extraordinarily precise. AI rounds with joy. In contrast, AI models are very resistant to numerical “noise.” They don’t need perfect precision to recognize patterns or generate text. That allows AI chips to use reduced precision formats like FP16, FP8, or even FP4. By processing much shorter numbers, they multiply their speed and efficiency significantly. So when an AI cluster achieves tens of exaflops, it does so rounding up quite happily. These machines are exceptional for AI tasks, but they do not threaten the future of traditional supercomputers. Europe (and Italy) and supercomputing. If we look in detail at the list, we see great news for European supercomputing. The HPC7 system created by Eni has entered directly at number 6 on the list, while Jupiter Booster (Germany) is at number 5. Europe has four systems in the top 10 of the TOP500 list (two of them, from Italy), and eight in the top 20. Spain is still present on the list thanks to MareNostrum 5which yes, drops from 14th to 16th place. In Xataka | The EU wants to close the gap in the race for AI with 750 million euros. And it is good news for Barcelona

Pamplona is being invaded by thousands of white moths. The funny thing is that this is the only harmless part of the problem

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In recent days, there is a specific type of Navarrese videos that do not stop roaming the internet: storms of white moths invading entire houses, covering terraces and “taking” rooms. We are talking about white butterflies about four centimeters long that voraciously seek any point of light. The result is chairs, tables and columns, floors, ceilings and walls completely “upholstered” by them. I said “videos”, yes; but the word I was looking for was “nightmares.” And the funny thing is that this is the only part of the process (of the boxwood moth cycle) that is not really a problem. What is happening? Nothing new is actually happening. As predicted for weeks, the boxwood moth (Cydalima perspectalis) has hatched en masse in the Pamplona region, coinciding with the first heat stroke of the summer. It is not only that, as the local press remembersthese moths have caused problems before. It is that in the 2018-19 season caused a decline in the ‘bojedales’ of Atlantic Navarra which put the entire botanical community in the north of the country on alert. In other words, the new thing is the videos: the problem comes from further away than it seems. I mean, it’s a problem, right? The curious thing is that the moth (about 4 cm wingspanwhite and with nocturnal habits) is not usually so. In its adult phase it does not eat boxwood, It is not stinging, it is not dangerous for people or pets. It is very scandalous and somewhat annoying, but little more. The real problem is caterpillars and, as far as we are talking about moths, the damage has already been done. A sentence that already lasts 20 years. The caterpillars are monophagous. That is, they only eat boxwood; But, in addition, they eat it in a big way: they gnaw the leaves until the nerves are stripped. And it shows: according to the Ministry, after two years of ‘defoliation’ 72% of boxwoods do not resprout. It has been 20 years since the plague arrived in Europe and about 12 that arrived in Spain. However, today (and only in Catalonia) there are already 180,000 hectares affected. A third of everything in Catalonia. And now what? Little now. As I say, moths are annoying, but they are not dangerous. The authorities trust that it will be achieved a natural ecological balance that keeps the boxwood alive. The problem is that the climate works against us: if the heat continues to rise we cannot rule out several generations a year. And that would compromise everything. Image | Denis Chanter In Xataka | We are on the verge of the first heat wave of the year: an anomaly of up to 15 degrees never seen since 1950

Spain has 15 million pets that cannot set foot on a good part of its beaches. That’s something that’s starting to change.

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It comes with going to a park or taking a walk through any city in the country, but in case there were still any doubts, the Government recently provided definitive proof that Spain is a land of pets. The first official census has counted neither more nor less than 15.2 millionof which 7.6 are dogs. With such figures it is better understood that, as summer approaches, more and more people are asking themselves a question: Can we go to the beach with our four-legged friends? The answer is: it depends. Reviewing the figures. We mentioned it before: in Spain there are many (many) pets. It is something that we intuited thanks to the censuses carried out by feed manufacturers, companies dedicated to the care of pets or the Companion Animal Identification Network (REIAC), but which has been confirmed by the first official study of the State. It details that in Spain there are 15,171,569 pets, of which 7,562,893 are dogs. They represent, respectively, 14.1 and 9.6% more than in 2021. Beyond the raw data, the census confirm that in Spain there are now more pets than people under 30 years of age or who live in the country almost double of dogs than small children. Hence the pet economy this awakening the appetite of more and more companies (from feed manufacturers to insurance companies and venture capital) or that, when planning their summer vacations, they have already many families looking for accommodation (or even destinations) pet friendly. To the beach with the dog. Proof of this enormous interest is that every year the blogs specialized in pets (and also some other generalist) publish maps and online guides to dog-friendly beaches during the bathing season, which usually runs from June to September. Their ‘photograph’ does not always coincide, but usually includes more than a hundred sandy beaches. Some place the total count around 130 beaches. Others raise it to more than 150. That disparity is not surprising because the list can change from one year to the next and not all sandy beaches that accept dogs do so in the same way. Fine spinning. Last year, in fact, RTVE published a map in which he differentiated between three main types of beach, depending on the freedom that the dogs had on each one. The most comfortable for pets would be the ‘complete’ beaches, those to which they can freely access all year round. In second place would be the ‘partial’ sandbanks, which tolerate pets, although with small print. For example, the presence of dogs can be restricted to only a defined stretch or a certain time slot, such as at night, when the number of bathers is reduced on the beaches. Finally there would be what RTVE calls ‘nearby’ beachesstretches of coast close to urban areas in which access is allowed in at least part of the sandy area. Why so much complication? Basically, because the Coastal Lawthe framework standard that regulates the maritime-terrestrial public domain, leaves a wide gap that have been covered by the regional and local administrations. And that challenge has not been faced in the same way everywhere. What’s more, sometimes the topic has generated intense social, political and institutional debates. One of the latest examples has been left by Gijón on account of his new ordinance municipal on animal welfare: in March, during the allegations phase, the Principality he was reluctant to the presence of dogs on the city’s beaches, although later nuanced that the decision depends on the City Council. From the beaches to Change.org. Another interesting case is found in A Coruña, where it has been activated a collection of signatures in Change so that the Consistory allows dogs on the beaches in summer in night timefrom 9:30 p.m. to 10:00 a.m. Right now the local ordinance prohibits pets on beaches between June 1 and September 30, with the only exception of the Bens sandy area, which is considered a “dog beach”. Along the Spanish coast there are many more With these characteristics, which are added to other sandy areas where dogs are allowed during the summer, although at night. One figure, two conclusions. let there be between 100 and 150 beaches that can be considered (to a greater or lesser extent) dog-friendly) leaves several conclusions. The first, as recently reported on the Sr.Perro blog, is that the number of sandy areas in which there is a clear regulation that allows enjoyment with dogs is very small. In general, it is estimated that Spain has somewhat more 3,500 beaches. That the proportion is so low is explained, in part, by the requirements that all those sandy areas must comply with opt for the badge of ‘Blue Flag’. The “Guide to Blue Flag criteria” of 2025 states that “the prohibition of domestic animals on the beach must cover the entire area of ​​the candidate beach, including the bathing area.” “Local regulations must prohibit the presence of domestic animals on the beach during bathing season, even outside bathing hours,” the document insistswhich cites WHO studies on “microbiological risks” associated with the presence of excrement on beaches. Gaining weight (little by little). That is the second conclusion that the sandbank map leaves. dog-friendly. Although they remain a minority, some sources they specify that their number has been increasing due to the increase in the pet census and citizen pressure, which sometimes results in campaigns like the one activated this year (also in 2025) in A Coruña. A quick check on Google shows that Sanlucar de Barrameda, Marin, Vila-seca, Cadiz, Punta Umbria either Almeriaamong other populations, have taken steps in recent years (or months) to make it easier for people to enjoy the places of a dip. Image | Nathalie Anfuso (Unsplash) In Xataka | Your cat asks you to cuddle and then bites you. It’s not evil, it’s that you don’t understand its signs

how to enter this game to fly over any part of the world

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Let’s explain to you how to access the secret Google Earth video gamea flight simulator with which you can fly over any part of the world. This is a flight mode that until recently was exclusive to the desktop version, but now you can also use it in the web version. So that you can explore it, we are going to tell you step by step how to enter this mode through the web version of Google Earth. Then, the game controls are quite simple, you can play with the mouse or the directional keys on your keyboard. Flight mode in Google Earth The first thing you have to do is enter the Google Earth page, with the address earth.google.com. Sometimes a home screen may appear instead of the maps. If so, click Explore Earthand you will directly access the maps website. Now, you have to Click on the down arrow button in the top bar. It is the one that appears on the far right, and is used to display the Google Earth menu bar. Once the toolbar is displayed at the top, you have to click on the tab Tools. This will open a drop-down menu with several options, and in it you must click on the option flight simulator. And that’s it, with this you will open the flight simulator, and you can start flying over the area you want. Remember that The simulator will open in the area you are exploring within the maps, so it is advisable to first go to the area you want to fly over and then open it. Here, the game has controls that can easily get out of control if you have never used it. Just remember that you can crashand if this happens it will simply tell you that you can start again. In Xataka Basics | How to have the maps of your area downloaded on your Android or iPhone and be able to use them without an Internet connection

The fastest civil aircraft since Concorde has just set its first record. Speed ​​is only part of the story

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For years we have assumed that civil aviation had stopped putting speed at the center of the discourse. The industry moved towards other areas: being more efficient, achieving greater autonomy and improving occupant comfort, especially on long flights. He concorde It remained a reference that was difficult to repeat, almost like a symbolic border from another era. That is why it is striking that Bombardier puts speed back on the table with the Global 8000a business jet that the company bills as the fastest civilian jet since Concorde. And yet, that’s only part of the story. A route with a showcase. The demonstration came with a very specific transatlantic flight. Last June 5Bombardier reported that the Global 8000 had set its first speed record after covering the route between Montreal, Canada, and Nice, France, in just over six hours. The firm explained that the plane was transporting passengers to the Monaco Formula 1 Grand Prix and that among them was Éric Martel, president and CEO of the company. Not only does it show off flight time: it also puts the plane in the terrain for which it was designed. Speed, in figures. One of the big claims of the Global 8000 is its maximum speed of Mach 0.95, a fact that the manufacturer uses to place it above the rest of the business jets. The company also talks about an ultra-fast cruise of Mach 0.92, in addition to a high-speed cruise of Mach 0.90 and a typical speed of Mach 0.85. Added to this is a maximum autonomy of 8,000 nautical miles, about 14,800 kilometers. Further and more places. The other key is how you take off and land. Bombardier claims that the Global 8000 maintains unusual agility for a very long-range aircraft, with performance comparable to that of a light jet in certain runway operations. The explanation lies in its Smooth Flĕx wing, designed to combine low-speed lift and high-speed performance, along with specific leading edge slats. According to the manufacturerthis architecture allows it to operate in up to 30% more airports than its closest rival. The other part of the story. Beyond the flight figures, Bombardier wants the cabin to be another of the great arguments of the Global 8000. The plane can have a large kitchen, Nuage seats, Soleil lighting and connectivity options such as JetWave, Starlink and Gogo Galileo. It also highlights a cabin altitude of 2,691 feet when the aircraft flies at 41,000 feet, a figure that the manufacturer presents as the lowest in production business aviation. The Global 8000 is not understood only by the record. We are talking about a business aircraft capable of flying very fast, sustaining very long-range flights, expanding the range of possible airports and offering a cabin designed for customers who expect more than just a comfortable seat. Images | DUNCAN KIRK (CC BY 4.0) In Xataka | Brazil’s secret to becoming the first nation in Latin America with its own supersonic fighter is a number: 40

We are in 2026, but you will only see part of the World Cup in 4K because of DAZN: TV manufacturers are already rubbing their hands

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You have a 4K TV, you have contracted Movistar Plus, Orange TV or DAZN and you are ready to live the Soccer World Cup 2026 in the best possible quality so as not to miss any details. Well we have bad news for you: almost all the games will arrive on your screen with a 1080i resolution, even if your television platform can broadcast in 4K. The fuse was lit as a result of the message from a user from Movistar Plus on X, in which he asked if he could watch the World Cup in 4K HDR. The initial response from Movistar was “Yes, as long as you have the UHD disc you can watch the games that will be broadcast on DAZN in 4K HDR.” The problem is that, when asked by our colleagues Xataka Mobileboth Movistar Plus and Orange TV have discarded that those matches are going to be broadcast in 4K. The controversy is served. The World Cup signal comes in 1080i: that changes everything DAZN is the one who has the rights to broadcast the 104 matches of the tournament in Spain. The problem is that your DAZN World signal arrives in 1080i resolution, not 4K. Since Movistar Plus and Orange TV only limit themselves to distributing the signal, what they receive is what they give you. Both operators have confirmed it: there will be no 4K on their platforms for the World Cup matches. In Xataka The gap between Samsung and TCL in the television market seemed unbridgeable. Until it stops looking like it This represents a clear setback in terms of resolution and image quality since in Qatar 2022, World Goal It broadcast the 64 matches of the championship in 4K UHD both on Movistar Plus and on its own app. However, all is not lost. In a corner of the reviled DTT we have a glimmer of hope left for those of us who want to see the World Cup in the USA, Mexico and Canada with the best possible quality: La 1 UHD (Ultra High Definition). Yes, on DTT RTVE took over the rights to World Cup broadcast and will offer 33 open matches, including the opening match, the two semi-finals, the third and fourth place and the grand final, in addition to all the matches in which the Spanish National Team participates. These 33 matches will be the only ones that can be seen openly and in 4K in Spain. However, this RTVE signal also has small print for television platforms such as Movistar Plus and Orange TV, since on its grid They carry La 1 HD, but not La 1 UHDso to watch the games in 4K it will be necessary to tune in to the La 1 UHD channel on DTT, not the platform. First impressions of the TCL RM9L with RGB MiniLED: the alternative to OLED for large format screens Only Vodafone TV customers, you just added the RTVE channel in 4K on your grill, and Digi TV They will be able to watch the matches broadcast by the public entity in 4K quality from their platform. In short: if you want the 33 games in 4K, you need DTT (free to air) or Vodafone TV and DigiTV (with subscription). If you want to see the rest, you’ll have to settle for 1080i resolution. All is not lost: your television can save the game This is where something that few people take into account comes into play. when buying a TV: he image processor and its algorithms image enhancement and scaling. No matter how good your TV is, it’s not going to convert a 1080i resolution signal into 4K by magicbut it can improve a lot quality in which you watch the World Cup. Current televisions apply a process called upscaling, in which they take the input signal and upscale it to the panel’s native 4K resolution by adding, through AI and other algorithms, data that was not in the original source. In fact, it is the same process used by 8K TVs to display content that is in 4K. {“videoId”:”x95se90″,”autoplay”:false,”title”:”How technology has changed football ⚽️”, “tag”:”webedia-prod”, “duration”:”708″} In this way, the processor “generates” an image that emulates 4K quality, improving the sharpness, color and motion processing of the original signal along the way. Therefore, how much the better the processor and the more refined the scaling and enhancement algorithms, the more convincing the result will be, reducing the difference between native content in 1080 and 4K. Amazon Prime Video, for example, has entire teams dedicated to ensuring make your signal look good on every type of screen and in every network condition. In practice, a high-end TV from Sony, Samsung or LG with a powerful processor can improve its quality when a 1080i game is displayed on a 4K panel. There is more detail, less noise, and the movement of the ball loses that artificial texture that poorly scaled signals have. On the other hand, with an entry-level television that does not have a reliable image processor and does not have optimized scaling algorithms, the signal is shown as it arrives: a 1080i expanded to cover the 4K panelbut without providing any improvement to the resulting image. In Xataka | Xiaomi castles in the QD-Mini LED in 2026: five new TVs and makes the leap to 98 inches with a knockdown price Image | Unsplash (Vitaly Gariev) (function() { window._JS_MODULES = window._JS_MODULES || {}; var headElement = document.getElementsByTagName(‘head’)(0); if (_JS_MODULES.instagram) { var instagramScript = document.createElement(‘script’); instagramScript.src=”https://platform.instagram.com/en_US/embeds.js”; instagramScript.async = true; instagramScript.defer = true; headElement.appendChild(instagramScript); – The news We are in 2026, but you will only see part of the World Cup in 4K because of DAZN: TV manufacturers are already rubbing their hands was originally published in Xataka by Ruben Andres .

Mexico has so many dogs abandoned in its streets that are part of the landscape that has made them a “representative breed”

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A few years ago, a story went viral in Mexico City. She had a stray dog ​​nicknamed “Hachiko of La Raza” as the protagonist, and became famous because he spent day and night at a subway exit waiting for an owner who, according to neighbors and users, had died shortly before. Thousands of people began to leave him food and water when they saw him always in the same place. Hachiko was actually a symptom now turned into a race. A national symbol. Mexico has reached such a peculiar point with its stray dogs that one of them has ended up being officially recognized as a representative “race” of the country. The call Candy dogwith its yellowish fur, sharp snout and medium size, has been part of the Mexican urban landscape for so long that millions of people instantly identify it as something everyday and almost cultural. We are talking about an animal that sleeps in front of stores, follows invisible routes through the colonies and survives thanks to small scattered gestures from neighbors who leave it food or water. The phenomenon reveals something deeply latin american: abandoned animals that have ceased to be perceived as exceptions and have become partly natural of urban life. The problem is that this normalization is also a sign of the enormous structural failure surrounding animal abandonment. A “race” born of abandonment. Behind the myth of Caramel there is no real race, but entire generations of miscegenation produced by decades of neglect. A genetic study conducted in Brazil discovered that these dogs contain traces of hundreds of different lineagesfrom German Shepherds to Pekingese. However, the environment has been molding the same extremely recognizable physical pattern: resistant size, short hair, agile body and that yellowish color that helps it better withstand the heat. and certain diseases. The street has acted as a kind of urban natural selection where the animals most adapted to living among asphalt, traffic and extreme temperatures survive best. The result is paradoxical: Mexico has ended up developing its own “type of dog” not through planned breeding, but through mass abandonment. Everyone knows them, but no one adopts. Caramelo generates collective tenderness, memes, movies and millions of interactions on social networks, but that does not mean that it will easily find a home. Rescuers and associations they explain that these dogs tend to become the most invisible in shelters precisely because they are too common. While breeds like the Golden Retriever or the German Shepherd receive hundreds of adoption applications, yellow mixed breed dogs can spend years waiting without anyone asking about them. The contradiction is brutal: they are probably the most recognizable dogs in the country and at the same time the most ignored when the time comes to assume real responsibilities. The collective affection towards them often functions as a kind of abstract affection that rarely translates into adoptions, sterilizations or permanent care. Mexico and a gigantic crisis of animal abandonment. The background to the phenomenon is much harsher than the cute images of dogs resting in the sun suggest. Mexico has one of the largest populations of stray animals in Latin America. Official figures estimate that about 70% of the country’s dogs live homeless and that millions of them were once abandoned pets. And every day more than a thousand animals they are left to their fate. This pressure has generated extreme and deeply controversial situations, such as the case of Tecámac, where authorities recognized the sacrifice of thousands of dogs street during the last years. The discussion reveals the enormous institutional vacuum around the problem: neither shelters, nor public campaigns, nor administrations seem capable of managing an animal population that is already a structural part of the Mexican urban landscape. From everyone and at the same time from no one. If you also want, the figure of Caramel summarizes an uncomfortable idea: many of these dogs survive thanks to an informal network of small community care, but without no one really assumes full responsibility on them. A neighbor gives them food, another takes them to the vet sometimes and someone else lets them sleep in front of his business. However, this chain of solidarity is extremely fragile. Without an official owner, many animals are left out of vaccinations, sterilizations or stable medical care. They live in a kind of limbo where they receive occasional affection, but are still completely exposed to abuses, illnesses or violence. That Mexico has ended up turning these dogs into a recognizable symbol says a lot about the emotional bond that exists with them, but also about the extent to which abandonment has been integrated into everyday normality. Image | Doggo19292 In Xataka | More than a thousand years ago the Mayans exploited a business almost as profitable as gems: the sale of pedigree dogs In Xataka | The easiest way to receive a fine for the Animal Welfare Law: leaving your pet on the terrace

AI has skyrocketed Nokia shares by 140%. Now comes the hard part

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For years, Nokia seemed to be trapped in our memory as a company from the past: indestructible mobile phones, the ‘Snake‘, recognizable tones and a fall which ended up becoming a warning for the entire technology industry. But that image is somewhat unfair. Nokia did not disappear when it lost its step in the smartphone market. The company continued to exist, far from the consumer’s showcase, in a less visible and much more difficult to explain business: the networks, the infrastructure for operators and the technology that allows modern communications to work. And now, suddenly, AI has put it back on the map. The stock market turn. According to BloombergNokia shares have risen more than 140% so far this year, a move that has made it the fourth best value in the Stoxx Europe 600 and has taken its shares to levels not seen since 2008. The key is that investors are beginning to read the company in a different way: less as a traditional supplier of telecommunications equipment and more as a piece of the infrastructure that can sustain the rise of AI. Not for phones, but for their optical equipment for data centers. The important clarification. The signature of the rise is Nokia Oyj, not to HMD Global. The difference matters because HMD is the company that has marketed mobile phones under the Nokia brand under license, while Nokia Oyj is the listed Finnish company. The separation point came in 2014, with the sale of the mobile division to Microsoft. From then on, the Nokia name continued to circulate on two different levels: as a recognizable brand for many consumers and as an industrial company within the global telecommunications market. An assessment that becomes complicated. The stock market euphoria has left Nokia in a delicate position: the more a stock rises, the harder it is to justify what comes next. Information from the American economic media places its 12-month forward P/E, the relationship between the share price and the expected profits for the next year, at about 36 times, more than double the approximately 17 times at the beginning of the year. The data that cools the enthusiasm is another: the part linked to AI and cloud, which is fueling much of the new narrative, barely represented 8% of the group’s sales in the first quarter. The technical piece. Nokia’s appeal lies in a layer that often falls beneath the more visible narrative of AI. While much of the conversation revolves around chips, models and applications, data centers also need optical networks to move information quickly between computing systems. The purchase of Infineraa company specialized in optical networks, gave Nokia more muscle in that field and now seems like a particularly timely operation. Added to this are three signals collected by Bloomberg: sales linked to AI grew by 49% in the first quarter, the company raised its forecasts in April for segments exposed to cloud clients and NVIDIA made an investment of 1 billion dollars. The bottom ballast. The enthusiasm for optical networks does not erase the size of the business that Nokia already had before investors began to read it in terms of AI. The mobile networks division still contributes more than half of total sales and, according to the information cited by the American economic media, works with lower margins than the part more linked to cloud and artificial intelligence. That weight conditions any optimistic reading. Operators have reduced spending in recent years and Nokia has also suffered important contract losses in the United States, so the company is not starting from a blank slate. The real test. For years, the big question around Nokia was whether anyone would look at it again as anything more than a memory of another technological era. That part, at least in the stock market, has already happened. The problem is that investors do not forgive second chances when they become too expensive: after a rise of more than 140%, the company no longer only has to prove that it has exposure to AI, but that that exposure can be converted into orders, revenues and margins. The story is attractive again. Now the most difficult thing remains: for the numbers to be up to par. Images | NOKIA In Xataka | Huawei has found a way to counteract US sanctions: overcoming Moore’s Law

make China part of Spain

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Some of the greatest historical ambitions began with ideas that, on paper, seemed surprisingly simple. During European expansion into Asia, it was not uncommon what reports and letters described distant territories as rich and accessible places, ready to be influenced with relative ease. On more than one occasion, these optimistic descriptions ended up marking strategic decisions that later collided head-on with a reality much more complex than expected. It happened to Spain… with China. When you think you’re unstoppable. The story began at the end of the 16th century, when Philip II ruled an empire that spanned several continents and was coming to chain conquests fast and spectacular in America. In that context, he fueled an idea that today seems like many things, but, at the very least, unthinkable: if it had been possible to overthrow empires like the Aztec or the Inca, it could also be done. the same with China. In that climate of almost absolute trust, the court began to seriously contemplate a project that was not a simple expedition, but a definitive leap into the void towards global hegemony. Conquer the unconquerable. The plan took shape in what became known as the “China Company”in essence, a structure organized by the monarchy itself to study, plan and eventually execute the conquest of the Asian giant. It was not an isolated occurrence or a joke in bad taste: the work included detailed reports, diplomatic missions, missionary presence and intelligence gathering from the Philippines and Macau. The idea was a mix where trade, evangelization and military force were combined, replicating the model that had worked in America, with the ambition to subdue the territory, reorganize it and make it part of the Spanish imperial system, who knows if in a future autonomous Iberian community. Planned phases in the China Company Detailed… and deeply unreal. Documents from the time even described how the invasion would be carried out, with tens of thousands of soldiers entering along the southern coast of chinaadvancing towards Beijing and replacing the emperor with a like-minded power in the blink of an eye. Not only that. A complete integration based on evangelization, the creation of loyal local elites and, attention, miscegenation, following the American pattern, was then proposed. What’s more, some councilors went so far as to affirm that a few few hundred soldiers to achieve this, reflecting the extent to which the real complexity of the territory and its capacity for resistance was underestimated. Portrait of Philip II China is not America, even if it is believed to be so. Indeed, the great underlying error was assuming that China would function little less than the American empires. Interested reports described her like rich but weakopen to internal alliances and susceptible to being transformed with relative ease. However, it was an organized statewith very advanced military, administrative and technological structures. That distance between perception and reality made the project more hyperbolic of Philip II in a mixture of imperial ambition, incomplete information and a certain strategic illusion that is difficult to sustain. The blow of reality: logistics, politics and defeats. The truth is that the “China Company” It was not executed due to a combination of factors. The distances, logistics and cost made the operation extremely difficult. complex and prolonged in time. Added to this were internal tensions between those who defended a military conquest and those who bet through the missionary waydiametrically opposite options. However, the final blow came in 1588 with the failure of the Invincible Armadawhich forced other fronts to be prioritized and made it clear that even the largest empire of the moment had very specific limits. More than a military plan, a window. Although it never materialized, that “China Company” clearly reveals how far he went Spanish ambition at its time of greatest expansion. It was not just a military project, but a way of thinking the world: a system in which trade, religion, diplomacy and war were part of a same global strategy. Be that as it may, in the end the plan remained an exercise in imperial imagination that collided with harsh reality, but which reflects better than anything to what extent Spain came to consider something as extreme and surreal as integrating China into its own empire. Image | Nagihuin, CC0 1.0 – Ruland Kolen, Sofonisba Anguissola In Xataka | Rise and Fall of European Empires: A Journey of 550 Years of Colonialism Through an Enlightening Chart In Xataka | That time Spain bombed Istanbul: nine ships, a movie escape and the obsession of Octavio of Aragón

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