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Argentina 6 – Peru 0: the story of the alleged biggest fixing of the World Cups between dictatorships and missing persons

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In the context of a dictatorship that made opponents disappear daily, the 1978 World Cup was held in Argentina, an embarrassing chapter in the history book of football. “I knew what was happening to those who governed, but I could not imagine that cruelty towards the disappeared,” he said. would justify years later César Luis Menotti, Argentine coach from 1974 to 1982. While the Videla regime used the championship as propaganda Facing the outside world, the Albiceleste team, immersed in the competition and oblivious to the country’s political climate, was overcoming rounds supported by an enthusiastic public. In the decisive match against Peru, Argentina needed four goals to reach the final. He scored six and the controversy that that result raised is still alive today. Since the dawn of the World Cup, Argentina had pursued its organization. Finally, at the FIFA Congress on July 6, 1966, the South American country was chosen as the host country for the 1978 edition. At that same meeting, it was agreed that West Germany would host the 1974 World Cup and Spain would host the 1982 World Cup. Argentina had 12 years ahead of it to properly prepare the event. However, two years before the World Cup was held, events were going to take an unexpected turn. Football to whiten infamy On March 24, 1976, Jorge Rafael Videla carried out a coup d’état that overthrew the democratic government of María Estela Martínez de Perón, popularly known as Isabelita. Videla assumed the head of state at the head of a Military Junta, initiating the cynically called National Reorganization Process, which included a systematic plan to remove anyone suspected of dissidence from circulation. Videla swearing in as president of Argentina in 1974. (Eduardo Di Baia/AP) At first, the blow put the celebration of the championship in check. Belgium and Holland offered themselves as alternative venues, but the time margin was limited and FIFA estimated the show had to go on. Like Hitler at the 1936 Olympic Games or Mussolini in the 1934 World CupVidela used the World Cup for propaganda purposes. The tournament was an instrument to convey to the world the image of an open, advanced and plural Argentina, of a thriving football and political nation. No expense was spared for this: it is estimated that the organization of the tournament ultimately cost ten times what was budgeted, although no accounts were ever rendered. However, the situation in the country was far from the happy Arcadia that the military intended to portray. Kidnappings, torture and murders They were common in the development of relentless repression directed at all those suspected of not being sympathetic to the regime. It is estimated that up to 30,000 citizens He made the Military Junta disappear during those years. On June 1, 1978, a speech by Videla inaugurated the championship: “Within the framework of friendship between man and people, and under the sign of peace, he officially declared this eleventh (sic) World Football Championship 78 officially inaugurated.” At the same time that the ball was rolling in the opening match between West Germany and Poland, The Mothers of Plaza de Mayo metlike every Thursday at 3:30 p.m., to cry out for their missing children. While the Argentine people celebrated Kempes’ goals, thousands of people were silently retaliated against. The screams from the River Monumental Stadium reached the Navy’s Higher School of Mechanics, converted into a detention and torture centerwhich was a few blocks from the stadium. There are many detainees They faced a contradiction: His fan heart longed for the victory of his team, but reason dictated that victory would serve to consolidate the dictatorship. Finalists after beating Peru In terms of football alone, the Argentine team passed the first phase without problems and reached the last game of the second tied on points with Brazilwith Kempes becoming progressively more toned as the tournament progressed. According to the strange format of that World Cup, the winners of the two groups of the second phase went directly to the final, without semi-finals. The Netherlands won in group A, reaching the final for the second consecutive World Cup, despite the enigmatic absence of Johan Cruyff. In group B, Brazil and Argentina played everything on one card in the last match, but the locals played with the advantage of playing their match three hours later, and thus knowing the result of Brazil (FIFA had not yet unified the schedules of the first phase, a measure taken after the El Molinón pact). Brazil did its job and won 3-1 against Poland, a result that forced Menotti’s team to win by a margin of four goals against Peru. The Peruvians had had a formidable first phase, achieving first place in their group ahead of the Netherlands, but they had deflated in the second group and reached the last game without anything at stake. The Argentines dominated the match from the beginning, and at half-time they were already winning 2-0. After the restart, the Albiceleste team came out in a rush and 5 minutes into the second half they had already achieved their goal (4-0) against a Peru that seemed knocked out. Two more goals still fell and, midway through the second half, the scoreboard already showed the final 6-0. Objective achieved: Argentina was in the final of his World Cup. The shadow of a fix From the first moment, Argentina’s massive victory against Peru was surrounded by a halo of suspicionwith different and complementary versions, and crossed accusations between some protagonists. The passivity of the Peruvian defense during some goals raised suspicions, as did the signing of Peruvian defender Rodulfo Manzo for the Argentine team Vélez Sarsfield at the end of the World Cup. The first to raise the hare was Ramón Quiroga, the goalkeeper who defended the Peruvian goal that afternoon at the Gigante Stadium in Arroyito. In an interview with the newspaper La Nación in 1998, Quiroga, Argentine by birth but naturalized Peruvian, revealed his misgivings about the referee (“I think he … Read more

Anthropic claims to have found Claude’s “consciousness”, although the data tells another story

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Anthropic has published an article that promises to change the way we understand the inner workings of your business models. artificial intelligence (AI), like we explain to you last week. This company claims to have identified a kind of global workspace within Claudewhich he has named J-Spacewhere the model analyzes and manipulates concepts before these become part of the final answer. What is surprising is that, according to Anthropic, this space has not been deliberately programmed: it has emerged as a byproduct of training the model. To analyze it and understand how it works, a technique known as J-Lens which is capable of mapping the internal activations of the model onto words from its own output vocabulary. When asking Claude to solve a multi-step mathematical calculation the visible answer contained only the final result, but within the J-Space each intermediate step was represented separately. Without this technique no part of that process could have been observed from the outside. However, Anthropic itself recognizes that much of what a language model does does not even go through this internal space. Speaking fluently, remembering simple facts or applying basic grammatical rules almost completely dispenses with J-Spaceand when the company blocked its use Claude continued to function normally, although he lost some of his higher-order cognitive functions. Claude “knows” that he is being watched During one of his most striking experiments, Anthropic subjected Claude to injection attempts. prompts during data acquisition processes. He J-Space then showed words like “false”, “injection”, “erroneous”, “prompt“, “fraud” and “poison”, while the visible response of the model completely ignored the attempted manipulation. Interestingly, when pressed to comment on the matter, terms such as “transparency”, “honesty” and “truth” emerged in the internal space. The language used in the article sometimes borders on the idea of ​​an emerging consciousness The Anthropic researchers also observed that Claude seems to recognize when he is being evaluated, which leads him to behave differently when faced with tests than when faced with prompts everyday. In a particularly revealing test, Anthropic removed J-Space the vocabulary associated with that consciousness of being put to the test (terms such as “fake”, “fictitious” or “scenario”) and found that Claude became much more vulnerable to attempts at blackmail or provocation. Be that as it may, the researchers’ report admits important limits: the J-Space is restricted to a single-token vocabulary, so plans or concepts that cannot be expressed with a single word may not appear in the reading, even though the model is calculating them anyway. Anthropic also does not dare to claim that monitoring this space is sufficient to guarantee the alignment of a model. However, we must not overlook that the language used in the article sometimes borders on the idea of ​​an emerging consciousness. Neel Nanda, head of model interpretability at DeepMind, supports this finding as real evidence of a cognitive space within the modelsalthough he clarifies that the practical usefulness of J-Lens remains limited. This achievement, in any case, opens a promising avenue for auditing the honesty of models, although it is still far from being a complete window into a machine’s thinking. Image | Generated by Xataka with ChatGPT using a prompt created with Claude More information | Anthropic In Xataka | While most oppose AI data centers, there is one group enthusiastic about them: merchandise thieves

This is the sad story behind La Atalaya de Ciudad Real, the most perverted Franco sanatorium

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Any Carles Porta fans in the room? If you have seen ‘Crims’ or some of his other documentary series, you already know the enormous impact that Catalan true crime has. But Ciudad Real has his own black chronicle. And it is perhaps one of the darkest and most unknown stories of our country. And, therefore, more interesting to unravel. If every city has its cursed hill, on the outskirts of Ciudad Real La Atalaya stands out, with privileged views and a legend that has been feeding itself for decades. We have it all: lady in white, psychophonies and there is something much more prosaic and sadder, which is nothing other than a building that never served its purpose and houses a tragedy that mythology ended up devouring. With tuberculosis tea, not terror. In 1943, the Ciudad Real city council bought those lands. At the request of the Patronage of Tuberculosis Patients, La Atalaya was part of a Franco plan of thirty-five anti-tuberculosis sanatoriums spread throughout Spain. The hill met the condition required by the national competition: sufficient isolation to avoid contagion, but not so much as to make access difficult. In 1954, work began and in February 1955, the first floor was ready, with capacity for three hundred beds. The problem is that medicine moved faster than brick: by the time the building could be opened, antibiotics had already drastically reduced cases of tuberculosis in Spain. Before housing a single patient, the sanatorium was born obsolete. Without job or benefit. Good location and good brick, but it was time to reform. In 1961, ownership of the building passed to the National Psychiatric Trust. The works are even slower and are not completed until 1970. A year later, in 1971, the building finally opens its doors as a regional center for people with mental disabilities. Or that’s how it was defined. And it operated like this for twenty-five years, until its final closure in 1996. From then on it was abandoned. Cobwebs, thefts, noises and a black legend that is gaining strength: rumors of mistreatment of inmates, screams of torture that can still be heard and a three-meter figure walking through the empty hallways. I would like Slender Man or the monster from ‘Backrooms‘ have so much presence. The real tragedy occurred. Easter 1987, early morning of April 20. It’s not a song. That morning, a 33-year-old police officer, Isidro Mejías, unloads his service weapon at a Citroën Visa where a young couple, María del Mar Perales Serrano and Alfredo Lozano Galán, ages 19 and 21, are. He then got into the victims’ own car and shot himself in the temple. What just happened? The Lanza newspaper titled the April 22 cover: “A police officer, alleged perpetrator of the death of two young people in La Atalaya.” The door locks were locked, suggesting the couple saw danger coming and tried to protect themselves by locking themselves inside. According to those close to the agent, married and father of two children, he led a normal life and had no known serious problems; The victims’ family did not know him at all either. Without a motive, the urban legend was later filled with crimes of passion, sects and curses. Today a plaque at the site remembers the young people who died. The lady in the white nightgown. The thing doesn’t end here. Because the ghostly woman, dressed in whitewhose figure proverbially appears on the curve leading to the old sanatorium, has been seen by motorcyclists and drivers for decades. several people interviewed for Misterios Conquenses They assure the same. It is not uncommon to find someone who has seen someone and confirms that yes, this folklore motif is repeated here more than anywhere else. The photos of silhouettes difficult to explain taken by Carlos Torrijos, the lights in the sky recorded by witnesses and collected by TVE in 2004… until Iker Jiménez echoed and turned La Atalaya into the territory of reference of the La Mancha mystery. Where does it come from? The theory says that she was a patient at the children’s psychiatric hospital who jumped out of a window, or that she was a girl kidnapped and murdered on the spot—there is no police record of this kidnapping. It even links to a previous appearance from 1939, weeks before the end of the Civil War, when several witnesses claimed to see a woman in white on successive nights who radiated her own light. Demolition and end of the curse. In 2007, the building was officially condemned; unofficially, to “end evil.” The abandonment left structures in dangerous conditions. But even that didn’t quite work: months after the demolition, the burned body of the doorman of a nearby nightclub was found near the scene. And the legend immediately incorporated it into its story. The pain comes from behind, as always. In the Manchego Studies Notebooks (#49) the prolonged inquisitorial persecution of witchcraft and witchcraft in the current province of Ciudad Real is documented, where cases of torture such as that of María de Lao are identified. Today the hill is a municipal forest park, with hiking trails, a children’s area and picnic areas. The Ciudad Real resident who goes out to play sports and the one who goes up at night looking for the lady’s curve coexist there, without much conflict. Your own video game. Local studio Sonrisilla Games—formed by designer Marta Ruiz (‘Waxipola’) and developer Samuel Sanjuan (‘SamKnight’)—is finishing ‘Stories from the Watchtower – The Witcher‘, a graphic horror adventure set on the hill. The project was born after the developers event Guadalindiein Malaga. And, apparently, it has required a lot of journalistic work from its creators: collection of oral testimonies, comparison of real events and interviews with those who experienced the history of the sanatorium up close. The game will be released in months and will mix the black chronicle of 1987, the myth of the witch of The Watchtower and the popular witchcraft documented in the area. Behind it … Read more

Today “a masterpiece that will go down in history” arrives on Netflix, thanks to an original approach to a unique science fiction story

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Netflix just released ‘Glimpses of tomorrow’the first series that Kyoto Animation produces exclusively for the platform, and it does so with a certainly tragic background: almost eight years have passed since the studio confirmed the adaptation. A year after the announcement, a man entered the studio offices with gasoline and set the building on fire. 36 people died and another 32 were injured. The author was sentenced to death in 2024, and the attack destroyed much of the studio’s materials and equipment, and with them, any progress that existed on the project. In any case, the series has survived the tragedy, and it imagines a Kyoto of 1907 where electricity was never developed and steam became the dominant technology, leaving the city permanently covered in smoke. As a child, the protagonist invented projects that he captured in a notebook called the Electrical Catalog of the 20th Century, together with his older brother. He took that notebook to the war and never returned. The protagonist, now an adult and in the company of a young woman who is trying to escape an arranged marriage, will embark on a search for the treasure of his childhood. Minoru Ōta directs the series in his first project as a director. He had previously worked as a key animator on ‘Love, Chunibyo & Other Delusions!’ and ‘Liz and the Blue Bird’, and as episode director on ‘Kobayashi-san’s Dragon Maid’. It is he himself who said that “‘Flashes of Tomorrow’ is a work that will remain engraved in the history of anime“. An unusual statement coming from someone directing his first project. But the truth is that the series is raising expectations: before reaching Netflix, a tour of cinema screenings was held in Japan, the United Kingdom, Thailand and North America that started on June 14, in addition to a screening at the Annecy International Animated Film Festival. All of this is part of the effort that Netflix is ​​making to include more anime in its programming: it has announced eight series and three movies for 2026 in Japan. In Xataka | Today the best science fiction series of the moment returns, with a twist in its story that has given it a perfect score

Tomorrow the best science fiction series of the moment returns, with a twist in its story that has given it a perfect score

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This July 3 comes to AppleTV the third season of ‘Silo‘. And this marks the halfway point of the series: in December 2024, Apple confirmed the simultaneous renewal of a third and fourth season, and stated that the latter was conceived as the definitive closure of the story. We are halfway through this exciting series, and everything seems to indicate that we are once again facing an event: the third season boasts 100% from critics on Rotten Tomatoesthe best so far. ‘Silo’ is set in a toxic and uninhabitable future in which 10,000 people live locked in a gigantic 144-story underground silo, with no memory of how or why they got there, and firmly believing that going outside means certain death. The series follows Juliette (Rebecca Ferguson), a low-level engineer who, after the suspicious death of the sheriff, begins to unravel the thread of lies that sustain the social order of the underground complex. In this new season, Juliette has become mayor of Silo 18, but with memory gaps about what she has experienced outside, with the community trying to rebuild itself after the rebellion of the previous season and facing a new threat. In parallel, the season opens a second timeline set centuries agocentered on a congressman and a journalist who begin to uncover the conspiracy that would end up leading to the construction of the silos. This half “from the past” largely adapts ‘Shift’, the second book of Hugh Howey’s trilogy on which the series is inspired and which Minotauro has published in Spanish, and is the main novelty of this season compared to the previous two, focused almost exclusively on Juliette’s present. The praise for this new season has not stopped appearing in the last week, and the originality of the time jump stands out above all. The setting, interpretations and, as always on Apple TV+, ambition of the series, make it an absolutely essential event for science fiction lovers. In Xataka | Today one of the most acclaimed Marvel superhero series of all time returns to Disney+

Samsung and SK Hynix have pledged $880 billion in chips and AI. It’s a South Korean survival story.

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President Lee Jae Myung has summoned the leaders of the world’s two largest memory companies, calling them “national heroes” and describing the plan as a matter of “survival.” This is not usual in political rhetoric. South Korea has presented its largest coordinated technological investment plan in history: At least 1.35 trillion won (about $880 billion) in semiconductors and AI data centers. Samsung and SK Group will build two chip factories each in the southwest of the country. And other companies, led by Naver, will build 8.4 gigawatts of data center capacity before 2029. Why is it important. South Korea produces most of the RAM and HBM on the planet. SK Hynix is ​​the main supplier of HBM chips to NVIDIA, and Samsung is the second. With Google, Amazon, Meta and Microsoft announcing more than 700 billion in capex by 2026, the memory supply chain is the bottleneck that can stop all that expansion. Apple and Microsoft have already announced price increases for their devices due to the increase in the cost of these components. In figures: 880 billion dollars in total investment, equivalent to about 5% of South Korea’s GDP in 2024. 4 new chip factories in the southwest of the country. 8.4 gigawatts of AI data center capacity by 2029. $295 billion: China’s five-year semiconductor investment plan, the benchmark South Korea has in mind. Between the lines. The plan is industrial but also has a lot of politics: Lee’s approval rating has fallen to its lowest level since he took office a year ago, pressured by the economy, the weak won and housing. Locating the factories in the southwest (far from the Seoul metropolitan area, where all advanced production is concentrated) responds to an agenda of territorial redistribution that Lee has made an electoral banner. Yes, but. The announcement did not sit well with the markets. Samsung fell about 5% on the day of the event and SK Hynix fell 1.7%. Investors have read it as a warning of possible oversupply if demand for AI chips slows before factories are operational. Added to this are the known material challenges in this sector: building state-of-the-art factories requires quantities of water, electricity and talent that the government has promised to support… but without yet detailing how. The context. This is not the first time that the Asian country has announced this type of commitment. The difference now is the urgency: the boom of AI has accelerated deadlines and the competitive framework has changed. Japan subsidizes TSMC to build on its soil, China has been closing the gap for years with state financing and the United States has committed tens of billions through the CHIPS Act. In Xataka | Who are Openchip, the Catalan company that designs RISC-V chips… and has just received 115 million from the Government Featured image | Daniel Bernard

against Toy Story and Minions

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The second film of DC universe by James Gunn does not compete only against the enthusiasm that aroused the ‘Superman’ 2025. There are more traditional rivals to face: this summer’s release schedule places ‘Supergirl’ between two guaranteed-success animation giants, and the first box office analyzes already anticipate an opening below ‘The Flash’, the film that became symbol of the end of the previous stage of DC. And on the shoulders of this Supergirl falls nothing less than the continuity of the model that James Gunn is building. Animation sandwich. ‘Toy Story 5’ has been in theaters for less than a week and has already surpassed 200 million in the US. The Pixar franchise is a real black hole, and attracts young children, teenagers and adults. And that’s not all: next week, on July 1, ‘Minions & Monsters’ arrives, the seventh installment of the ‘Despicable Me’ franchise, with expectations of exceeding $100 million in five days thanks to July 4, a holiday in the US. ‘Supergirl’ has to stand up to these two colossi. The Warner film also faces an unflattering tradition: in its second week, films with moderate openings or divided reviews they usually sink. This is what happened to ‘The Flash’ in 2023: it opened with 55 million and fell 72.5% in its second week, suffocating under the pressure of ‘Spider-Man: Crossing the Multiverse’ and ‘Elemental’. Today that film is remembered as a catastrophe and it is difficult for ‘Supergirl’ to face a comparable financial and reputational crisis, but the truth is that it is not easy at all. The long shadow of The Flash. The point is that although we remember ‘The Flash’ as ​​a fiasco, it started from better positions. It had a 63% on Rotten Tomatoes when it was released, a better score than the 58% current ‘Supergirl’‘. It had Ezra Miller as a lure, then a big star, and the promise of bringing back Michael Keaton as Batman. And there are also two worrying precedents this summer, two failures at the box office that failed to go beyond their insufficient audience of loyalists to their corresponding franchises: ‘He-Man and the Masters of the Universe‘ and ‘The Mandalorian and Grogu’. DC: a lot to prove. The point is that DC still has to demonstrate something that Marvel achieved a long time ago: that the publisher’s brand is enough to sell the films, beyond its characters. The DC films that do not have a Batman or a Superman in the title start from an audience base that is perhaps too narrow for the budgets they manage. Even so, ‘Supergirl’ is a relatively modest production: it cost around $175 million and does not have box office percentage sharing agreements with the actors, so the box office profits are greater. It is believed that the film has to raise around 300 million to recover its budget. From the 40-45 projected starting point, it has a long way to go. What Gunn has done. The release of ‘Superman’ last year gave Gunn a solid start, with 125 million domestic opening and 618 million worldwide. Not a phenomenon, but something solid from which to build a universe that, according to Gunn himself, will not require fans to “do their homework” and watch all the movies. It is, of course, a relief given the drift of Marvel, but it has its problems: if the public does not know Supergirl or is not interested in the character, they may skip the movie while waiting for the next Superman movie. Xataka’s opinion. We have had the opportunity to see ‘Supergirl’ and it does not seem worthy of the bile with which the critics are receiving it. It is true that it lacks the charisma that the films directed by Gunn such as ‘Superman’ overflow, and that it often seems like an imitation of the formula exploited by the director in his ‘Guardians of the Galaxy’ for Marvel, but with much less ingenuity. And sometimes it falls into the detestable vices of superhero franchises, such as presenting flashy secondary characters (here, a completely decaffeinated Wolf) just because it can. However, and despite a somewhat ramshackle final third (what superhero movies get rid of that, a couple in twenty years?), Milly Alcock is perfect in the title role and the effort to create a three-dimensional character is appreciated, but without false traumas. There is a certain modesty, a certain air of a “secondary comic” that is very satisfying, even though the result is light years away from the original Tom King comic that inspired the film. The result is more of a “yes” than anything else but… is that enough to save the box office? In Xataka | Talent drain: why in the Spanish industry there is no space for the comic artists who sell the most in the US.

The most powerful supercomputer in the world is in China. The other part of the story is even more interesting

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The biannual TOP500 list with the most powerful supercomputers on the planet has given a striking surprise in its June 2026 edition. The Chinese LineShine system, installed at the Shenzhen National Supercomputing Center, has debuted directly at number one. It thus displaces the American supercomputer El Capitan, which had dominated the ranking for years. China has not managed to lead this classification since 2017, thus breaking a decade of North American hegemony. Unprecedented raw power. The performance tests used to configure this list leave no doubt: LimeShine has achieved 2,198 exaflops of performance in the benchmark HPLcompared to 1,809 exaflops for its American rival. The Chinese machine is therefore 20% more powerful than the flagship of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California. It is a whole new milestone in global supercomputing. Surprise: zero GPUs. The performance is extraordinary, but even more so is the way this supercomputer has been created. Most modern supercomputers rely heavily on GPUs, specialized graphics chips from Nvidia or AMD, for massive data processing. However, LineShine uses CPUs instead of focusing everything on GPUs, something that differentiates this supercomputer from its rivals and makes the feat even more striking. Heart ARM. The fundamental pillar of LineShine It is the LX2 CPU. The data they point because it has been designed by Huawei, and in each of those CPUs we have two dies HBM computing and memory. Each die It has 152 ARMv9 cores that have EVS and EMS supportwhich allows the system to process vectors and matrices in an exceptional way even without GPUs. In total LineShine has 304 of these processors with a total of 13,789,440 cores. Avoiding vetoes. One of the reasons that have undoubtedly contributed to this design decision is the US trade war with China. Tariffs and export bans on hardware and software have made things very complicated, especially when it comes to getting Nvidia GPUs for AI processing. Despite all this, China has once again demonstrated an astonishing ability to advance technologically. Another curiosity: the system has been built without public funds from the Chinese government. Source: TOP500.org AI clusters don’t compete here (but they would “win”). This prestigious list had always offered us that vision of the most powerful computing systems in the world, but today the panorama has changed. It has done so because the AI ​​clusters created by big technology are probably more powerful than any of these systems. As explains Jimmy Goodrich of the University of California, “if hyperscalers competed with their systems, ‘fastest’ in the world wouldn’t even be in the top five.” That phrase, yes, has crumbs. But it’s comparing pears with apples. However, the supercomputers on the TOP500 list and the AI ​​clusters that hyperscalers are building to meet global demand are very different. The root problem is in floating point precision. Classic supercomputers like El Capitan are designed for high-fidelity scientific simulations, where the slightest rounding error can be fatal. That is why they operate under the FP64 standard with which tens of decimals are calculated: it is a slow and expensive process in energy, but extraordinarily precise. AI rounds with joy. In contrast, AI models are very resistant to numerical “noise.” They don’t need perfect precision to recognize patterns or generate text. That allows AI chips to use reduced precision formats like FP16, FP8, or even FP4. By processing much shorter numbers, they multiply their speed and efficiency significantly. So when an AI cluster achieves tens of exaflops, it does so rounding up quite happily. These machines are exceptional for AI tasks, but they do not threaten the future of traditional supercomputers. Europe (and Italy) and supercomputing. If we look in detail at the list, we see great news for European supercomputing. The HPC7 system created by Eni has entered directly at number 6 on the list, while Jupiter Booster (Germany) is at number 5. Europe has four systems in the top 10 of the TOP500 list (two of them, from Italy), and eight in the top 20. Spain is still present on the list thanks to MareNostrum 5which yes, drops from 14th to 16th place. In Xataka | The EU wants to close the gap in the race for AI with 750 million euros. And it is good news for Barcelona

the sordid story of the Nazis’ golden retreat in the interior of Chile

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Let’s say you are in a chilean villagethat you are with your friends or your family enjoying a few days of rest in what seems like a tourist venue that is passed off as a mini-simulation of the German Oktoberfest. But, suddenly, your suspicions are activated when you realize that this space is not exactly the resort of tranquility that you had been promised, but rather the gloomy place where very harsh events have taken place, crimes against humanity whose trail goes beyond the town or Chile itself. That’s what could have happened to any of the attendees. Villa Bavariaformerly known as Colonia Dignidad (the name changed in 2005 at the suggestion of arms dealer Gerhard Mertins) and the nerve center of one of the black spots in the history of South America that welcomed the Nazis after the Second World War. Since 2012, an activities program and the hotel have offered enjoyable experiences for “anyone” who wants to visit the town, thus trying to renew the public’s vision of this ancient community. Founded by Germans mobilized there at the end of the 50s, among the historical landmarks of Colonia Dignidadnow Villa Baviera, have germinated a sectarian organization from which it was very difficult to escape, having in its history reports of forced labor for both children and adults, having a leader (Paul Schäfer) accused of having raped dozens of children and having served as a detention and torture center for the DINA during the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet. From the shadiest cult to a renewed holiday paradise From Villa Baviera’s own website They don’t hide it. They know that sooner or later people will discover the center’s past: “we lived through painful moments that to this day cannot be forgotten. As a way of looking to the future, we opened ourselves to the community and currently anyone is welcome to share our lifestyle.” They defend themselves, establishing themselves, whether willingly or not, as one of the most twisted places to practice the so-called dark tourism. From an area populated by faithful to their cult, restricted and harassed by the leader of the colony Paul Schäfernow a dream place of everything that represents the folkloric supremacy of the Aryan race. Thus, between Chileans and former Germans who lived that dark past and who are now adultsthis tourist spot is organized, in which deluxe rooms have been added and jacuzzis but the wire fences that once protected the camp from possible escapes have not been removed. In these streets where they now drink mugs of beer and eat bratwurst Josef Mengele would have walkedand under the subsoil they found on more than one occasion what the local police of the Maule Region defined as the “largest private arsenal” ever found in Chile. Semi-automatics, rocket launchers, grenades, explosive material, chemical elements, camouflaged weapons and a tank. All this was in Colonia Dignidad. In 2005. And everything that revolves around Villa Baviera is just one of the multiple traces that the national-socialist regime left in Latin America from the 40smoment by which they would organize the ratlines (escape networks for the Nazis, who could settle with new identities, money and property in various countries) and would provide them with either new jobs alongside dictatorial regimes or an indefinite retirement from work. We have seen that Schäfer supported Pinochet from this location, but there is more than a pedophile paramedic in the ranks of infamous German soldiers who later hid on the other side of the pond. According to the Wiesenthal Center, about 300 war criminals and thousands of collaborators from the Third Reich arrived in Argentina at the end of the Second World War. According to the Commission to Clarify the Activities of Nazism in Argentina (Ceana), the list is closer to 200. Philippe Aziz writes in the book War Criminalsthe following: “Argentina was the most inviolable refuge of the Nazis. Recent and serious documents have formally established that Martin Bormann had extremely important funds (gold, foreign currencies, stock securities and company shares) transferred by plane, from November (1944) to March (1945). CIA agents even managed to identify in (1953), the names of the aviators who carried out these flights, the banks and the numbers of these “Unfortunately, the US government has until today opposed the publicity of these investigations that could provide interesting revelations about the famous Nazi treasure.” The Nazi Latin America dreamed of by Martin Bormann And yes, that was Bormann, Head of the Chancellery and Director of the NSDAP since almost its beginning, intimate of Adolf Hitler from his position as Private Secretary to the Führer. Bormann was one of the main defenders of the persecution of Christian churches and favored the poor treatment and enslavement of Jews and Slavs in the areas conquered by Germany during World War II. One of the greatest theorists of the regime and those responsible for crimes against humanity, no matter how much he tried to negotiate peace with the British in ’41. Most likely is that he died in the vicinity of the Führerbunker shortly after Hitler’s suicide, where remains resembling Bornmann’s body were found. But several Nazi hunters have believed they saw him in different American locations, among them, Argentina, Bolivia and Paraguaywhere, as we have seen, he had sent funds. Bormann could have been the first of the beneficiaries of ODESSA, that secret institution intended to find refuge to prominent Nazi leaders. These are some of the other great Nazi criminals in history who, following what Bormann designed, ended up in South America: Erich Priebke Erich Priebke He murdered, along with Herbert Kappler, 335 Italians and 75 Jews in ’44. But for him, this execution is nothing more than the product of a war in which they found themselves, a reprisal that would give a lesson to the GAP partisans who in the Rome area murdered 31 Nazi police days before. The person responsible for the Ardentine Graves Massacre He went to Argentina and lived in Bariloche, a … Read more

The fastest civil aircraft since Concorde has just set its first record. Speed ​​is only part of the story

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For years we have assumed that civil aviation had stopped putting speed at the center of the discourse. The industry moved towards other areas: being more efficient, achieving greater autonomy and improving occupant comfort, especially on long flights. He concorde It remained a reference that was difficult to repeat, almost like a symbolic border from another era. That is why it is striking that Bombardier puts speed back on the table with the Global 8000a business jet that the company bills as the fastest civilian jet since Concorde. And yet, that’s only part of the story. A route with a showcase. The demonstration came with a very specific transatlantic flight. Last June 5Bombardier reported that the Global 8000 had set its first speed record after covering the route between Montreal, Canada, and Nice, France, in just over six hours. The firm explained that the plane was transporting passengers to the Monaco Formula 1 Grand Prix and that among them was Éric Martel, president and CEO of the company. Not only does it show off flight time: it also puts the plane in the terrain for which it was designed. Speed, in figures. One of the big claims of the Global 8000 is its maximum speed of Mach 0.95, a fact that the manufacturer uses to place it above the rest of the business jets. The company also talks about an ultra-fast cruise of Mach 0.92, in addition to a high-speed cruise of Mach 0.90 and a typical speed of Mach 0.85. Added to this is a maximum autonomy of 8,000 nautical miles, about 14,800 kilometers. Further and more places. The other key is how you take off and land. Bombardier claims that the Global 8000 maintains unusual agility for a very long-range aircraft, with performance comparable to that of a light jet in certain runway operations. The explanation lies in its Smooth Flĕx wing, designed to combine low-speed lift and high-speed performance, along with specific leading edge slats. According to the manufacturerthis architecture allows it to operate in up to 30% more airports than its closest rival. The other part of the story. Beyond the flight figures, Bombardier wants the cabin to be another of the great arguments of the Global 8000. The plane can have a large kitchen, Nuage seats, Soleil lighting and connectivity options such as JetWave, Starlink and Gogo Galileo. It also highlights a cabin altitude of 2,691 feet when the aircraft flies at 41,000 feet, a figure that the manufacturer presents as the lowest in production business aviation. The Global 8000 is not understood only by the record. We are talking about a business aircraft capable of flying very fast, sustaining very long-range flights, expanding the range of possible airports and offering a cabin designed for customers who expect more than just a comfortable seat. Images | DUNCAN KIRK (CC BY 4.0) In Xataka | Brazil’s secret to becoming the first nation in Latin America with its own supersonic fighter is a number: 40

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