One study said that trees “sense” eclipses 14 hours in advance. The real explanation is much more boring

In 2025, a team of Italian scientists discovered something surprising regarding eclipses. According to a study carried out in a coniferous forest of the Dolomitestrees can predict solar eclipses through changes in their internal electrical activity. Does this have any scientific use? Logically not, since there are other, much simpler and more proven ways to predict an eclipse. There are eclipses predicted a thousand years from now. Even so, the study was very well received, since it is a great example of curious science. The problem is that, according to the analysis of scientists Ariel Novoplansky and Hezi Yizhaq published this year in Trends in Plant Sciencethe results of that study were purely speculative, since there are other reasons why these changes in the electrical activity of the trees could have occurred. Changes in the electrome. Italian scientists detected changes in the electrome. That is, the set of electrical impulses that are transmitted through plant tissues in response to external stimuli, such as water stress or temperature changes. It is something like the electrical activity that is transmitted through our neurons. These researchers placed electricity sensors in conifers of the species Picea abies during a partial eclipse that could be seen in the Dolomites in 2022. They observed that, fourteen hours before the eclipse began, older trees experienced a large increase in their electrical activity. Furthermore, they then spread it to younger trees. Little sense. If you think about it, this doesn’t make much sense. We have seen that changes in the electrome are usually in response to external stimuli. It is true that during a solar eclipse decreases the temperaturebut two factors must be taken into account. The first is that they do it just when the eclipse begins, not fourteen hours before. On the other hand, in this particular partial eclipse, in the Dolomites area, sunlight was barely reduced by 10% for a couple of hours. The temperature should not have dropped slightly and the changes in luminosity should not have caused stress for the trees either. Lightning and sparks. For the scientists who published the 2026 counteranalysis, the explanation for what happened in the Dolomites is much simpler. It is known that, just 14 hours before the eclipse, there was a large storm in the vicinity of the Dolomites, with intense rain and abundant lightning strikes. That, precisely, could have caused a drop in temperatures and, of course, a powerful electrical activity in the atmosphere. Trees act as electromagnetic antennas, capable of capturing the electrical activity of the atmosphere and transforming it into changes in their own electrome. The larger an antenna is, the more powerful its activity in this regard. That’s why changes in the electrome may have been greater in older trees. Simply because they are bigger. That gives even more weight to the hypothesis of the role of lightning. Just three trees. Another limitation of the study is that it only analyzed three trees and five stumps. We cannot get much idea of ​​the behavior of the entire forest. Collective memory of trees to predict solar eclipses? The Italian authors also point out that the intense activity of older trees may be due to the fact that they “remember” the effects of past eclipses, so that they respond in advance to the temperature changes that are to come. However, Novoplansky and Yizhaq recall that it is very difficult for an eclipse to be seen in exactly the same place in a relatively short period of time. In Spain, for example, we will have three eclipses in three yearsbut the totality, in the case of the two totals, will be in very different regions. It is true that two partial eclipses in a row can be seen, like the one in the Dolomites, but experts insist that the environmental changes with a partial eclipse are minimal. More experts. Although the publication of the Italian study represented a great wave of acceptance, the 2026 counteranalysis went somewhat unnoticed by the press. But not to scientists. For example, was picked up by Science Media Center Spanishin which the statements of two experts were published. On the one hand, astrophysicist Javier Armentia pointed out that “there are no mechanisms by which a pine forest can react to small drops in light that do not occur regularly nor do they interfere with vegetative processes, nor were the measurements of this anticipatory behavior explained by the eclipse but by, probably, a cold night suffered a few hours before.” For his part, professor of Earth physics José Manuel Vaquero explained that a small partial eclipse, like the one studied in the Dolomites, “generates smaller environmental variations than those produced by the passage of a dense cloud or a front.” That great activity that was mentioned in the 2025 study would not make sense. In short, it seems that no, trees do not predict solar eclipses. The good thing is that we don’t care, because, as we saw at the beginning, we already know how to predict them. Image | Wikimedia Commons In Xataka | A third of Spain will be completely dark for a minute or two. The astronomical event of the century is approaching

NASA shows the real appearance of the Earth according to gravity… and it is deformed

This July, NASA has made public on its website an interactive and updated image in the way that gravity would give our planet and the result has not left anyone indifferent. The simulation not only moves away from the idealized myth of the perfect, blue sphere, but also goes far beyond what we learned in school about the sphere flattened by the poles. According to this three-dimensional representation from the US space agency, the Earth’s shape has giant lumps and dips and is not uniform at all. And we owe it all to gravity. The geoid. What this NASA simulation shows is an irregular structure with enormous elevations and depressions, similar to a “potato”which is called geoid. This concept is a 3D mathematical model which serves as a reference surface to measure the elevations of the surface of our planet and the intensity of the forces of gravity according to the variations in the Earth’s mass. NASA defines it as an equipotential surface of the Earth’s gravitational field and, therefore, the reference of zero lift. The secret is in the water… To better understand this geoid, we must imagine the effect that gravity would have on the oceans and the enormous masses of earth water if the wind, waves, tides and currents did not exist. That is, if water, which covers 71% of our surfacewas completely still – something only possible in a simulation like this. …and also in gravity. Our planet is a very rugged celestial body whose mass is unevenly distributed. Those variations in density in the Earth’s mantle, such as mountain ranges on one side or valleys and places like the anomaly of the Indian Ocean “hole” in the other, they affect natural forces. They do it by producing changes in the gravitational field attracting water with greater or lesser intensity and causing those prominences and basins that NASA now shows us. Iceland and India, the two extremes. In order to show these differences on the surface, the scientists who designed this image of the geoid have exaggerated its vertical scale. between 7,000 and 10,000 times relative to zero elevationas explained by Heraldo USA. They do it this way because the variations are not appreciated in reality, since they only reach a few tens of meters on a planet whose radius exceeds 6,300 kilometers. The American media reports that, in this way, they have been able to verify that the point with the highest elevation is in Iceland, where the surface would rise more than 80 meters above the zero level. At the other extreme, southern India would sink about 106 meters below the same reference. More than 15 years of data collected by satellite. The development of this fascinating model has been possible thanks to the observation work that 19 space satellites have carried out over 15 years. Among them, according to the NASA website, are the Grace space mission from NASA or GOCE European satellite. Image | POT In Xataka | The paradox of artificial gravity: Einstein told us how to do it, engineering tells us it is almost impossible

Talk to your dog remotely and track him in real time

Object location devices AirTag They have gained a lot of popularity in recent years to keep track of all types of belongings. However, when it comes to animals, passive Bluetooth systems fall short in field areas or when the animal is moving quickly. Mova, one recognized brand in the connected home sector for its robot vacuum cleanershas made the leap into animal care with the SureTrack Proa GPS tracker designed specifically for dogs and cats. Mova SureTrack Pro Pet GPS Tracker The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Hybrid positioning and calls to your pet Unlike a traditional tracker, the most striking point of the SureTrack Pro is its tracking system. two-way voice communication. Equipped with an integrated speaker and microphone, it allows you to call the animal remotely from your smartphone using the MOVAhome app. This is especially useful for calming the dog if it has become frightened, giving remote call commands or listening to its surroundings. To determine location accurately, the device does not rely on a single technology. Combine up to six positioning methods (GPS, AGPS, LBS, Bluetooth, WiFi and an active radar system), offering a range of metric accuracy and position updates every five seconds. Thanks to its integrated connectivity with eSIM (LTE/4G and 5G networks), it continues to offer coverage both on city streets and in the middle of nature or closed spaces. Light, resistant and designed for everyday use With a medal-type format that attaches directly to the necklace, its dimensions are quite small (52 x 36 x 22 mm) and its weight is only 36.4 grams. The brand recommends it for pets weighing over 3.5 kg. In the physical and security section, it has: IP67 resistance: prepared to resist dust, splashes and accidental dips. Battery up to seven days: in energy saving mode, fully recharging in about two hours. Smart geo-fencing: allows you to configure up to four safe zones to receive automatic alerts if the animal leaves the marked limits. LED light and buzzer– Incorporates a bright LED and a remote acoustic signal to find the animal if it is hiding in bushes or at night. Activity monitoring– Records daily exercise data and saved route history for one year. Availability and subscription plans This new Mova device has a recommended RRP of 99 euros, but now it is on an introductory offer for 89 euros. When carrying eSIM integrated to maintain a constant connection, the Mova SureTrack Pro requires a data plan after the first month free. Prices vary depending on the stay chosen: Annual plan: 8 euros per month (96 euros per year). Bi-annual plan: 6.66 euros per month (80 euros per year). Three-year plan: 6.11 euros per month (73.33 euros per year). All plans cover full 365-day history, activity heatmaps, real time alerts and the ability to share location access with multiple family members on an unlimited basis. ⚡ IN SUMMARY: mova suretrack pro pet tracker ✅ THE BEST Two-way voice communication: It goes one step beyond the simple map. The integrated speaker and microphone allow you to call your pet remotely to calm it down or use the acoustic signal if it is hidden. Compact and lightweight: With just 36.4 grams and a medal format, it is very comfortable and does not hinder the animal’s mobility. ❌ THE WORST Requires mandatory long-term subscription… As it depends on mobile connectivity (eSIM), it requires paying a constant monthly fee (between 6.11 euros and 8.00 euros/month depending on the chosen duration) to remain operational after the first promotional month. Limited to very small pets… Although it weighs little, its dimensions and the manufacturer’s recommendations do not recommend it for small cats or dogs weighing less than 3.5 kg. 💡 BUY IT IF… You are the owner of a dog that escapes or guardian of a dog that tends to flee after tracks in the field or it also serves to reinforce voice commands from a distance while they walk loose. ⛔ DON’T BUY IT IF… You are looking for a device without fees and prefer to make a one-time payment, this product is not for you since it forces you to pay a mandatory monthly subscription for the eSIM. You may also be interested in these products for your pet Enabot EBO Air 2 Pet Camera with App The price could vary. We earn commission from these links PETKIT New Automatic Cat Feeder with Camera The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Some of the links in this article are affiliated and may provide a benefit to Xataka. In case of non-availability, offers may vary. Image | Mova In Xataka | Best robot vacuum cleaners in quality price. Which one to buy based on use and five recommended models In Xataka | These are the seven best cleaning devices to keep dirt at bay

This map shows you all the active fires in Spain in real time, and can alert you if there is one near your home

We are going to tell you what it is and how it works firespain.esa website with which you can see all active fires in Spain. Thus, whether you are planning a trip you will be able to know if there is one at your destination, and if you have it close to home you will be able to receive warnings if it starts to be dangerous for you. We are going to start by explaining to you what exactly this website is, the data it offers and where it obtains its information from. Then we will tell you how to set up a notification to notify you when there is a fire approaching your house. What is IncendiosEspaña.es and where does it get the data from? firesespaña.es is a website that unifies and shows information on all fires on a map that are taking place in Spain. It shows them on a map where you can see the number of fires, active outbreaks, their location and even their severity. You will have them all on a map where you will be able to navigate as you wish, zooming in on the areas that interest you and clicking on the different icons to expand the information. There are icons that indicate confirmed fires, and there are others that indicate outbreaks. When you click on one of these icons you will obtain data such as the type of fires, the place where they are, the municipalities affected, and even start time and assigned resources. It will also give you other information such as its radius, radiative power (FRP), detection confidence level, road closures, wind, and more. And as for sources, the website obtains data from the emergency services of several autonomous communities, as well as heat photos detected by the NASA satellites FIRMS, EUMETSAT and Copernicus/EFFIS. This information is updated in near real time, every 5 minutes for utilities or 15 minutes for satellites. The website also has a left column where you can organize the data by selecting the time period you want to analyze or searching for populations. you also have a list of outbreaks by province with which you can navigate directly to those that interest you. How to configure alerts If you want to set up alerts To be notified if a fire appears near your house, you have to go to the bottom of the screen. When you close the cookies text, a message will appear inviting you to activate the alerts, and in it you must click on the button Activate alerts. This will take you to a web page where you simply have to enter your email, zip code and notification radius. Thus, if a fire appears and the town belonging to the zip code is within the warning radius that you have configured, an email will be sent to you with the alert and also telling you your risk level. In Xataka Basics | How to know where there are fires with Google Maps

why 4 GB + extra 4 GB will never work like real 8 GB

Surely you already know: the price of RAM memory is through the roof. Even if we focus only on mobile, This is something that has many implications.. In fact, everything indicates that very soon we will begin to see entry-level or very cheap mobile phones with 4 GB of RAMsomething that seemed to have been forgotten (because 6 GB was already the standard for these phones). As with almost any device, the RAM memory It is a key point in the operation of a mobile phone. Having little can be an ordeal on a day-to-day basis, especially if we take into account that you cannot open your phone and put more RAM in it as you could on a PC. That’s where what is known as virtual RAM comes in.a “trick” that manufacturers use on these cheap phones with little memory. Is it of any use? Let’s see it. Why is RAM memory so important in a mobile phone? Before delving into this, let’s stop for a moment to understand Why is RAM memory so relevant in a mobile phone?. Your mobile phone, laptop or tablet has two types of memory: there is storage on the one hand and, on the other, RAM. Both are used to store information, but in a very different way. In fact, these two memories are also different from each other: the storage has more capacity, but the RAM is much faster. That speed is the key. The phone’s processor is working all the time and needs to access information for any process. If it depended solely and exclusively on storage for this, its performance would be much slower. RAM memory comes into play right there and allows the processor to write and read information much faster. But of course, as we said above, what is saved in RAM is only there temporarily. And it is there temporarily because the capacity of this memory is much smaller. The device uses RAM constantly for all types of processes. If you have low RAM, performance suffers. For that reason and to get straight to the point, yes: the more RAM memory your phone has, the better. And that is why virtual RAM exists. Small note. As with PC RAM, there are different types of memory. For computers, the type of RAM memory is identified by the acronym DDR, but the one used by mobile phones is called LPDDR. In essence, this type of memory takes up less space and consumes less battery than DDRwhich is why it is used for mobile phones. Now, how do you know what type of memory a certain mobile uses? They all begin with LPDDR and it is what follows after these letters that tells us what generation this memory is from. LPDDR3 is still found in some very low-end mobile phones, but the current standard is LPDDR5 (and LPDDR5X is already starting); LPDDR4/4X is also present in the mid-range. Virtual RAM: is it what manufacturers promise? Now knowing how RAM works, it is easier to understand what virtual RAM does and what it is for. As its name indicates, it is not physical memory (that is, it is not a component inside your mobile). So how does it work? Well, it’s very simple to understand: if you activate it, Your mobile will take a part of the storage and use it as RAM memory. This, on paper, sounds great. Many manufacturers use this technique to supply a low amount of RAM (usually between 4 and 6 GB). It is very possible that you will see this option with a different name depending on the manufacturer of your phone, since each one calls it a different way. Samsung, for example, calls it ‘RAM Plus‘. Now, as we have already explained above, the storage speed is not even remotely close to that of RAM memory, so it’s not a miracle solution. Of course, we are not saying that it is useless. Virtual RAM can help your phone have an “extra” that allows it to have more apps open in the background or that these are not closed forcefullysomething that usually happens if we demand a lot from a mobile phone with little RAM. And does it have any “side effects” for our mobile? The most obvious one is that we’re obviously going to lose a little bit of storage if we turn it on. However, that may not be the most important thing. By activating this option, the use of virtual RAM increases the writing to storage (flash), which can accelerate wear. In practice, the impact is limited on modern devices with good management, but it exists. Two mobile phones for less than 310 euros with which virtual RAM is not so necessary POCO X7 Pro I no longer recommend mobile phones with less than 8 GB of RAM and if you are looking for one with a good quality-price ratio, there are few better options than the POCO X7 Pro. It is true that it already has a successor, but since it has only been in stores for a short time, it has not yet dropped that much in price. For that very reason, This is a top option if you are looking to not spend more than 250 euros. This Xiaomi phone has 8 GB of RAM in this configuration and 256 GB of storage. In addition, it has a 6,000 mAh battery that is not as big as others we are seeing now (nor like the POCO X8 Pro Max), but it should give you about two days of autonomy. As we explained in its analysis, it also offers very good performance. Xiaomi Poco The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Realme 16 Pro If you can stretch your budget a little further, then don’t lose sight of the Realme 16 Pro 5G. It is a phone that does not reach 280 euros right now and it also has 8 GB of RAM. There is also … Read more

It is updated in real time with each incident on the road

in summer road trips multiply. Most drivers trust Google Maps either waze to guide you on the journey because they give precise directions and also provide real-time traffic information. Although both apps are very complete and practical options, There is an additional tool that is interesting to consult if you are going to travel by car for Spain. We talk about DGT traffic mapa web tool where you can check the status of the roads in real time. In it you will be able to see every incident, from accidents, blocked roads, construction sites and much more. Constantly updated with all road incidents Apps like Google Maps or Waze are powered by user data. This means that if it warns you about an accident or a section of roadworks, it is because another driver has indicated so. It also uses information from other vehicles to determine if there is a traffic jam or delay at a specific point. On the other hand, the DGT map draws directly from the information of the DGT itself, which has a network of cameras, aerial systems and of course traffic agents through the Traffic Group of the Civil Guard. In this sense, your map It will reflect incidents more quickly and, above all, more accurately.. For example, we can know what time a traffic jam started or when an accident occurred and even how many lanes have been cut. This is what the map looks like on mobile The downside, and what it does not surpass Maps and Waze, is that it is not a navigation application that we can use while driving, but rather it will touch Consult it before starting to drive. To access the DGT map you must enter the website infocar.dgt.es/etrafficWEB from the browser and either give it location permissions or directly zoom in on the area we want to consult. On the map we will find a lot of icons marking the different incidents on the road. By default everything is checked, but if we only want to check the retentions or if there is an accident, just click on the icon with the three lines (top right) and a menu will open with all the types of incidents so that we can select only those that interest us. By clicking on an incident we can obtain many details. When we click on one of the incidents on the map, A window opens with all the details of it. For example, in this case it notifies us of a vehicle stopped on the A7 heading south and even tells us that it started at 08:27 in the morning. In the event that the incident has closed a lane, it also indicates this. There is more and the map shows us the traffic on the roads with a color code. If when we zoom in we see that there is a section of the road in red, it means that the traffic is denser than if it is orange or yellow. Additionally, by clicking on the fire flame icon at the top right we can see the fires that have caused road closures. The main drawback of the DGT map is that, as we said, It is a website and its interface is not the most polished in the world. Consulting it from your mobile phone is somewhat uncomfortable, although it adapts well to the screen and is functional. It is not a map designed to be consulted on the road, but rather information to review before setting off. Images | Xataka In Xataka | An expert finds the key: “It is not the wild boars that cross our roads, it is our roads that cross their habitats”

This is the sad story behind La Atalaya de Ciudad Real, the most perverted Franco sanatorium

Any Carles Porta fans in the room? If you have seen ‘Crims’ or some of his other documentary series, you already know the enormous impact that Catalan true crime has. But Ciudad Real has his own black chronicle. And it is perhaps one of the darkest and most unknown stories of our country. And, therefore, more interesting to unravel. If every city has its cursed hill, on the outskirts of Ciudad Real La Atalaya stands out, with privileged views and a legend that has been feeding itself for decades. We have it all: lady in white, psychophonies and there is something much more prosaic and sadder, which is nothing other than a building that never served its purpose and houses a tragedy that mythology ended up devouring. With tuberculosis tea, not terror. In 1943, the Ciudad Real city council bought those lands. At the request of the Patronage of Tuberculosis Patients, La Atalaya was part of a Franco plan of thirty-five anti-tuberculosis sanatoriums spread throughout Spain. The hill met the condition required by the national competition: sufficient isolation to avoid contagion, but not so much as to make access difficult. In 1954, work began and in February 1955, the first floor was ready, with capacity for three hundred beds. The problem is that medicine moved faster than brick: by the time the building could be opened, antibiotics had already drastically reduced cases of tuberculosis in Spain. Before housing a single patient, the sanatorium was born obsolete. Without job or benefit. Good location and good brick, but it was time to reform. In 1961, ownership of the building passed to the National Psychiatric Trust. The works are even slower and are not completed until 1970. A year later, in 1971, the building finally opens its doors as a regional center for people with mental disabilities. Or that’s how it was defined. And it operated like this for twenty-five years, until its final closure in 1996. From then on it was abandoned. Cobwebs, thefts, noises and a black legend that is gaining strength: rumors of mistreatment of inmates, screams of torture that can still be heard and a three-meter figure walking through the empty hallways. I would like Slender Man or the monster from ‘Backrooms‘ have so much presence. The real tragedy occurred. Easter 1987, early morning of April 20. It’s not a song. That morning, a 33-year-old police officer, Isidro Mejías, unloads his service weapon at a Citroën Visa where a young couple, María del Mar Perales Serrano and Alfredo Lozano Galán, ages 19 and 21, are. He then got into the victims’ own car and shot himself in the temple. What just happened? The Lanza newspaper titled the April 22 cover: “A police officer, alleged perpetrator of the death of two young people in La Atalaya.” The door locks were locked, suggesting the couple saw danger coming and tried to protect themselves by locking themselves inside. According to those close to the agent, married and father of two children, he led a normal life and had no known serious problems; The victims’ family did not know him at all either. Without a motive, the urban legend was later filled with crimes of passion, sects and curses. Today a plaque at the site remembers the young people who died. The lady in the white nightgown. The thing doesn’t end here. Because the ghostly woman, dressed in whitewhose figure proverbially appears on the curve leading to the old sanatorium, has been seen by motorcyclists and drivers for decades. several people interviewed for Misterios Conquenses They assure the same. It is not uncommon to find someone who has seen someone and confirms that yes, this folklore motif is repeated here more than anywhere else. The photos of silhouettes difficult to explain taken by Carlos Torrijos, the lights in the sky recorded by witnesses and collected by TVE in 2004… until Iker Jiménez echoed and turned La Atalaya into the territory of reference of the La Mancha mystery. Where does it come from? The theory says that she was a patient at the children’s psychiatric hospital who jumped out of a window, or that she was a girl kidnapped and murdered on the spot—there is no police record of this kidnapping. It even links to a previous appearance from 1939, weeks before the end of the Civil War, when several witnesses claimed to see a woman in white on successive nights who radiated her own light. Demolition and end of the curse. In 2007, the building was officially condemned; unofficially, to “end evil.” The abandonment left structures in dangerous conditions. But even that didn’t quite work: months after the demolition, the burned body of the doorman of a nearby nightclub was found near the scene. And the legend immediately incorporated it into its story. The pain comes from behind, as always. In the Manchego Studies Notebooks (#49) the prolonged inquisitorial persecution of witchcraft and witchcraft in the current province of Ciudad Real is documented, where cases of torture such as that of María de Lao are identified. Today the hill is a municipal forest park, with hiking trails, a children’s area and picnic areas. The Ciudad Real resident who goes out to play sports and the one who goes up at night looking for the lady’s curve coexist there, without much conflict. Your own video game. Local studio Sonrisilla Games—formed by designer Marta Ruiz (‘Waxipola’) and developer Samuel Sanjuan (‘SamKnight’)—is finishing ‘Stories from the Watchtower – The Witcher‘, a graphic horror adventure set on the hill. The project was born after the developers event Guadalindiein Malaga. And, apparently, it has required a lot of journalistic work from its creators: collection of oral testimonies, comparison of real events and interviews with those who experienced the history of the sanatorium up close. The game will be released in months and will mix the black chronicle of 1987, the myth of the witch of The Watchtower and the popular witchcraft documented in the area. Behind it … Read more

Two scientists will board a suborbital flight in 2027 to do the first real study of menstruation in microgravity

If all goes well, in 2027 Virgin Galactic will launch Operation Period-01, a suborbital mission aimed at studying something that has never been done before: the effects of microgravity on menstruation. The first woman to travel to space was Valentina Tereshkova. He did it in 1963. Since then, around 100 women have traveled beyond Earth. However, in all this time it has not been studied how microgravity influences something that happens to the vast majority of adult women a few days a month for several decades of their lives. For whatever. Now, two engineers and astronauts in training want to solve the problem and both the Redshift laboratory and Virgin Galactic have made available the means to study menstruation in space, specifically in a suborbital flight. A study to close a gap that should never have been opened. Since space travel began, has been studied how microgravity affects bone density, muscle atrophy, sleep, cardiovascular function or mental health, among other issues. No trace of something that affects 50% of the population. For this reason, the two scientists who direct this project, Manju Bangalore and Priya Abiram, consider that there is a gap when it comes to studying the health of astronauts, which must be closed. What is known. In reality, there have already been women who have menstruated in space without posing operational difficulties. That is to say, beyond the generation of waste, they have not had the slightest problem in carrying out their functions within the mission. Therefore, we know that, in principle, menstruation symptoms do not worsen in space. However, as these scientists remember, everything that is known is due to historical records, not to well-designed research. Since there have been few cases of women menstruating in space, there is not enough information to draw solid conclusions. It is well known that microgravity affects fluid dynamics. This has a lot to do with menstruation. Therefore, it is logical that it should be studied further. For now, Bangalore and Abiram have done it in their laboratory, as part of the studies carried out by the organization Operation Period. Until next year they will not be able to do it in a real microgravity environment. History teaches us that it is necessary. In 1982, Sally Ride became the first American woman to travel to space. The second in the world to do so, after Tereshkova. According to her own account, when supplies for the ship were being prepared, she was asked if 100 tampons would be enough. 100 tampons for a mission that would last a week. With this it is clear that the people in charge of preparing these supplies do not have much idea about menstruation. Although they also offered her a makeup kit that she rejected. It seems like they had no idea about many things. On the other hand, it is known that in the 70s there were doctors who feared that women would travel to space, for fear of the effects of microgravity on menstruation. They thought that remnants of the endometrium could move into the abdomen and cause something similar to endometriosis. Today we know that, in principle, this does not happen, because it has not happened to any of the women who have menstruated during their missions. However, despite their “concern,” it never occurred to any doctor or scientist to conduct studies on the development of menstruation in space. Sally Ride was offered to bring 100 tampons for a week Most prefer not to have menstruation in space. There are female astronauts who have spoken openly about their management of menstruation in space. This is the case of the Italian Samantha Cristoforetti, who in 2022 he made statements about her personal case and that of some colleagues. She explained that they have a large arsenal of pads and tampons and that the management of menstruation in space is similar to what is done on Earth. However, the systems that process and recycle urine are not as good with menstrual blood. Extra filters are needed and can be tedious. For all this, many astronauts choose to suppress their period through the consumption of contraceptives. The freedom to decide. With their study, those responsible for Operation Period-01 hope that future astronauts will be able to make more informed decisions about the management of menstruation in space. If they finally want to take contraceptives, no problem. The bad thing is that, nowadays, since they have not studied in depth how microgravity affects menstruation, they prefer to avoid it directly. If suitable filters have already been found for urine recycling systems, that should not be a problem. Applications here on Earth. These scientists believe that, by studying menstruation in extreme conditions, their development could be much better understood and that knowledge applied here on Earth. For example, it would be useful in the study of reproductive medicine, as well as underdiagnosed diseases that affect menstrual health, including endometriosis and PCOS, which, by the way, recently a new name has been proposed. Breaking records. Manju Bangalore and Priya Abiram will carry out experiments that have never been done in space. It is not outer space, but it is a suborbital flight with real microgravity. That said, it should be noted that this is not the only thing in which they hope to overcome barriers; Well, if everything goes according to plan, they would become two of the youngest South Asian women to travel to space. It is clear that they are two women who want to break molds. It is great news that there are scientists like them. Image | Magnific/NASA In Xataka | Period pain in adolescence is not “normal”: massive study links it to increased risk of chronic pain in adulthood

Sony has told you why it stops selling games in physical format. The real reason, of course, is the same as always: money

Sony has announced that in January 2028 will stop manufacturing physical discs for PlayStation. Among the brief reasons given for making this decision is adapting to the player’s preferences, and following the trends that rule the industry: digital games sell more than physical ones, therefore, this is the choice of the players, which must be adhered to. However, what you have to look at there to find Sony’s true motives is “best sellers.” And specifically, we have to ask ourselves what economic benefit Sony extracts from these sales. The clear accounts. You just have to take note of the profit percentages that Sony makes with each game sold to understand the operation. According to the analysis of consultant Serkan Toto, Kantan GamesSony receives around 54% more for each digital copy of its own game than for the same physical copy. At a price of 70 dollars, a digital game leaves you the full 70 dollars, because there is no external store that takes commission (of course, from there you have to extract development, marketing and corporate costs, if the game is from an external studio). The same title on disc, after deducting the distributor’s margin (about 30%) and the manufacturing cost (about 5%), is left with a profit of about $45.50. Although the calculation is approximate and countless external actors must be taken into account (especially third parties), the comparison makes clear the maxim that is guiding these decisions: the fewer intermediaries, the greater the profit margin per unit. Less physical. Added to this is that the physical aspect already weighs little in the company’s overall income statement. According to a corporate report of the company itselfphysical software represented only 3% of its revenue in 2024. All these decisions must also be contextualized: at a time when Your Playstation 6 can cost a thousand euros sales price and that the current component crisis promises not only to continue, but directly double next yearcutting that 3% can save millions. Kill the second hand. There is another figure that should be taken into account: resale. Every second-hand record that changes ownership is a sale from which Sony does not see a euro. An Alinea Analytics analyst said that “what this is all about is profitability and control for PlayStation”, two very juicy terms in this new situation because a digital code, apart from all the savings in intermediaries that we said above, is linked to a personal account that cannot be resold or lent. Every second-hand product that Sony was unable to sell now becomes a new purchase at full price, or is not produced at all. This second-hand market is not exactly marginal, and is now being seen to disappear. GameStop saw a 14% drop in its quarterly revenue last March, and explicitly attributed to the shift towards digital. The analysis firm Circana estimates that spending on new physical games in the United States has fallen to 1.6 billion dollars in the last year, compared to a maximum of 11.5 billion in 2009. In other words, we have had an almost uninterrupted decline for seventeen years. It’s the market, friend. Sony has taken the most aggressive step, but the direction had already been set from different parts of the sector for some time. A week before Sony’s announcement, Rockstar confirmed that The physical edition of ‘GTA VI’ will not have a disc version. Both Xbox and Playstation have sold versions of their latest consoles without a disc reader. It is an inescapable trend, which began on PC and in stores that have ended up becoming massive options, such as Steam, and which reveals that a corporation will always prefer, rather than a one-time sale, that we are subscribed (literally or figuratively) to a constant purchase, to a service that never ends. Therefore, saying that the player has chosen digital for convenience is, at the very least, a liquid truth. As he told newsletter ‘Friday in Kiribati’we must not get carried away by that discourse: we have not chosen the preeminence of the digital, it has been imposed on us: “it seems that during the last decade no one has designed consoles without a reader, exclusive discounts for digital versions, subscription catalogs, stores integrated (and hyperpresent) in the designs of the systems, games that, despite having the disc, need to connect to the internet (…) nor have they invested obscene amounts of money in convincing us that getting up from the couch to change a disc was a thing. of the past.” Image | Photo of Alexey Savchenko in Unsplash

this is how this company operates in a small town in Ciudad Real

Among the vineyards and olive groves of Herencia, a municipality of just over seven thousand inhabitants in Ciudad Real, some of the armored vehicles that today circulate through NATO barracks, Spanish police stations and roads in several countries in Africa are manufactured. The company in charge of this type of projects It’s called TSDand the most interesting of all is that it was not always a vehicle manufacturer. In fact, he started selling safes. How it all started. Antonio Ramírez founded the company in 2000 as a family business that had nothing to do with the military industry. “We began by focusing our work on the transportation of funds, on the development of vaults or safes for banking ATMs,” explained Ramírez. in the report from El Español. Over time, the firm expanded its activity into the security and defense sector until it became a manufacturer of tactical and armored vehicles. Today TSD invoice around 130 million euros per year and employs more than 600 people in its rural surroundings. In detail. The firm’s star product is the Íbero, a multipurpose 4×4 tactical vehicle with a modular design that can become an assault vehicle, border surveillance vehicle, riot control vehicle, command post or even a mortar launcher, as detailed by the company. There are three versions depending on weight and capacity: the lightest (LTV) is around 5 tons and carries up to 6 occupants, while the heaviest (HTV) reaches 15 tons and can carry up to 12 people. The vehicle was officially presented in 2020 after a decade of development, and there are already around 70 examples manufactured. Between the lines. TSD does not build chassis from scratch. The company works as a “second phase” manufacturer. And it is that part from brand platforms such as Mercedes-BenzRenault or Iveco and on them it mounts the armor, communication systems and the specific configurations of each mission. It is a model that allows you to adapt practically any commercial chassis to military or police use. The NATO seal. As an official supplier of the Atlantic Alliance, TSD vehicles have the organization’s own certifications and approvals. According to what they saythe entire process is governed by STANAG regulations, the international standard that sets the armor levels required by NATO. Vehicles destined for the Alliance are painted dark green, the official color of NATO, while those sent to desert areas, such as the Middle East, wear a cream tone. Beyond Europe. The Íbero has crossed borders, since nearly a hundred units have already been sold, most outside of Spainwith presence in African countries such as Senegal or Ivory Coast, where the vehicles operate in real scenarios and have been tested in combat. The company is now studying making the leap to South America, with Chile and Argentina as markets in its sights. Not just military vehicles. Along with the tactical range, TSD maintains a less visible but equally important line of business, with armored vans for transporting funds, destined for central banks and security companies. They incorporate remote locking systems and patented technologies, such as foam that solidifies in seconds to protect cargo from an attempted assault. Added to this is the manufacturing of police vehicles, with a production volume that exceeds the 5,000 units per yearof which about 1,500 are personalized to order. In Spain, bodies such as the Civil Guard already use their vehicles. And now what. The context in which we live is helping the company, since Europe is increasing its defense spending and seeks to reinforce its strategic autonomy against dependence on external suppliers. In this scenario, family businesses like TSD gain weight as an agile and flexible alternative. Cover image | TSD In Xataka | One of the most advanced yachts in the world keeps its biggest secret below deck: cryogenic tanks at -253 ºC

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