revolution

The French Revolution proposed dividing the day into ten hours. It didn’t catch on, but an artist has created watches that respect that idea

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Apparently it is a normal clock: its division by hours, its two hands (yes, we already know that if you are from Generation Z it is very possible that you do not know how to read time in this device, but let’s start from the fact that it seems to all of us that this looks like a traditional watch)… However, as soon as you look closely you will see that there is an extraordinary difference: the dial is divided into ten spaces instead of the usual twelve. In the name of Lewis Carroll, what the hell is this. Ruth Evans, provoking. The clock is the work of artist Ruth Ewan and is part of a series of similar creations, called ‘We Could Have Been Anything That We Wanted To Be’, originally presented at Folkestone Artworks in 2011. It is a triennial of urban art works that, in its latest edition, includes 91 works by 52 artists. Ewan, a Scottish artist whose works always contain a social message, has retouched for the occasion some of the watches she created almost fifteen years ago for the contest. How they work. The strange arrangement of the numbers is not an aesthetic decision, but rather we are looking at clocks that divide each day into ten hours, each hour into one hundred minutes and each minute into one hundred seconds. Midnight takes place at ten and noon at five. Currently, you already know: a day has 24 hours, each of which has 60 minutes, each with 60 seconds. From there we also use decimals: a second has ten tenths of a second, one hundred hundredths or one thousand thousandths. But Ewan’s is an absolutely rational division of time that is not capricious: it has a historical basis. Making history. As we already said in its day, The ten-hour system was officially implemented in 1793 as part of the radical reforms spurred by the French Revolution. This decimal system was intended to simplify calculations and break with the past, aligning itself with other revolutionary aspects such as the republican calendar that divided the year into 12 identical months, of 30 days each and 10 days per week. The use of decimal time was mandatory from the end of 1793 until April 1795, when its use was suspended after only 500 days, due to great popular resistance and the difficulty of adapting daily life and existing clocks to this new system. Some watchmakers attempted to create watches with dual numbering (decimal and traditional) to help the transition, but the change clashed with customs and business needs that depended on the traditional system. What does it mean? Ewan’s intention with this watch is to show how changes in the organization of time can also symbolize profound social transformations, and proposes a new way of perceiving the world and questioning current systems. Let us remember that revolutionary France sought to introduce reason, equality and efficiency in all aspects of social life, including the measurement of time. With something as simple as reminding us that time can be perceived very differently with a simple change in the artifacts with which we measure it, Ewan proposes a possible new social order, and an invitation to imagine alternative futures. The work questions the rigidity of capitalist chronological time, and that is why Ewan prepared and distributed some pamphlets that spoke of the utopian concept of time in the Revolution. In Xataka | Physicists do not know precisely what time is. Still, they suspect it’s just an illusion.

We have discovered the “button” that activates our hunger. And it is the next revolution in weight loss medications

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In the molecular complexity that reigns in our body with the aim of controlling all its processes, Weight and appetite are undoubtedly one of the most complicated to keep under control.. Now, an international team of scientists has shed light about a molecular mechanism that acts as a master modulator, changing the way our brain processes hunger and satiety signals. Something that can give rise to new medications such as the famous Ozempic. The study. Published in the journal Nature, this research focuses on a key player in our metabolism: the melanocortin-4 receptor or MCR4. In this way, you can think that MCR4 is the “guardian of appetite” because it is nothing more than a protein present in our neurons that, when activated, tells us that we are satiated and that it is time to burn energy and reduce food intake. However, the operation is not as simple as the switch that turns the light on or off in our house. This is where its lesser-known, but crucial, partner comes into play: the MRAP2 accessory protein. The big change. Until now, it was known that the MRAP2 protein interacts with MC4R, but the consequences of this relationship were not fully understood. The new research reveals that MRAP2 has a drastic effect on the behavior of the appetite guardian and this is where the role it may have as a therapeutic target comes into play. What was known until now is that MC4R receptors tend to clump together on the surface of cells, forming “oligomers” or, to simplify, working in pairs or groups. Now the study shows that when MRAP2 enters the scene, it breaks these bonds and forces the MC4R receptors to act as “monomers”, that is, alone. A priori, the fact of going from being paired to acting alone may be insignificant, but the consequences it has are enormous and completely modify the recipient’s response to stimuli. Boosts the main signal. This is one of the effects caused by the MRAP2 interaction in this equation. Specifically, it has been seen that when it is in a monomeric state, MC4R becomes much more efficient in activating signaling pathways mediated by the G protein. This means that, with the same amount of stimulus (the α-MSH hormonewhich makes us feel satiated), the cell’s response is considerably stronger. Cancels stop signal. Normally, after activation, the receptors recruit a protein called β-arrestin2, which acts as a brake: it stops signaling and causes the receptor to be internalized, removing it from the cell surface to “reset” the system. Surprisingly, MRAP2 impairs this process. It hinders the recruitment of β-arrestin2, which in turn reduces the internalization of the receptor, so its ligands can bind to it in a much simpler way. The receiver on the front line. By preventing the receptor from entering the cell, MRAP2 allows MC4R to remain on the cell surface longer, ready to continue receiving signals. It’s like keeping a soldier on the front lines of battle instead of sending him to rest. In summary, MRAP2 acts as a “tuner” that modifies the MC4R receptor, biasing its function toward more potent and sustained G protein-mediated effects, while disabling its own braking system. The importance. Once this process has been understood, we move on to its importance in the clinic. The first thing that has been seen is that mutations in the MRAP2 gene are associated with cases of severe obesity in humans. This study provides for the first time the detailed molecular mechanism that explains why. Bottom line, if MRAP2 isn’t working properly, the MC4R “appetite keeper” doesn’t get that extra boost, becoming less efficient and contributing to an energy imbalance. These findings open a new avenue for drug development. Instead of looking for molecules that simply activate or deactivate MC4R, one could now think of therapies that modulate the interaction between MC4R and MRAP2. We could design treatments that mimic the effect of MRAP2 to enhance the satiety signal in people with obesity, offering a much more sophisticated approach tailored to the biology of our body. More drugs. Right now on the market we have different treatments that are focused on those people who have the most problems losing weight. We talk especially about GLP-1 agonists such as Ozempic or Mounjaro, which have given good results. But on the horizon we can see that they will not be alone and many others will arrive. Images | i yunmai Drew Hays In Xataka | Solving one of the great myths of losing weight: if “walking quickly” works by itself to lose weight

It is the beginning of a great revolution in transplants

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Science has just taken a giant step, although with caution. For the first time in history, a team of surgeons in China has successfully transplanted the lung of a genetically modified pig to a human receiver. Something that demonstrates that this is a completely viable procedure and that opens the door to follow the clinical trial to mark in the future A before and after in transplants. A transplant that was still an experiment. The patient who received this lung was a 39 -year -old man who was in brain deathand therefore I was not going to improve or get worse because of the transplant. All this because it is not yet a technique that has been considered safe, but is in the experimentation phase. In the case of this patient, the organ could be maintained for nine days, demonstrating that the technique is viable. However, the results, published in the prestigious magazine Nature Medicine, They are full of nuances that remind us how complex this field is. A success that adds to others. This milest hearts, kidneys either Hígados of pork The ultimate goal is ambitious and necessary: ​​create an almost unlimited source of organs for thousands of people who die every year in waiting lists. The most difficult organ of all. If transplanting a kidney or pork is already a feat of medicine, doing so with a lung is to enter a new league of complexity. As explained Muhammad Mohiuddin, surgeon from the University of Maryland that led the first pork transplant to a living person, The lungs are really complex having “the largest amount of blood vessels of any transplantable organ.” The fact of being such a vascularized organ makes the receptor’s immune system expose in a very aggressive way, which increases the risk of rejection, but it is also a challenge for coagulation and tissue damage. A great exposure to any allergen. But in addition to being exposed to our adaptive and innate immune system through blood, it must also be taken into account that the lungs are in contact with the outside. This means that with each breath it is exposed to allergens, pollutants, viruses and bacteria, so its immune response is much more aggressive. To get an idea, according to Dr. Leonardo Riella of the Massachusetts General Hospital, a transplanted human kidney can last between 12 and 14 years; A lung, just 5 to 7 years. A pig with human software. To overcome these barriers, the first affiliated hospital team at the Medical University of Guangzhou used the lung of a pig that had been genetically modified. To do this, the organ had six key genetic editions. The first thing they did was eliminate three pigs to reduce the risk that the human immune system would identify it as a threat and trigger immediate rejection. But in addition to eliminating genetic information from the fence, it was also chosen to integrate three human genes into its genome to protect the organ of the immune attack and prevent the formation of clots. A living human being was not put at risk. Surgery was performed on May 15, 2024 in a receiver in brain death, which allowed to study the behavior of the organ without jeopardizing a living patient. During the first three days there were no signs of acute rejection, a first resounding success. However, the problems soon appeared. 24 hours after the intervention the lung began to swell. Damage was also observed due to the lack of oxygen during the transplant procedure, as well as Rejection signs mediated by antibody in the days three later. Interestingly, the team noticed that this damage seemed to have been reduced for the ninth day, at which time studied was arrested at the request of the receiver’s family. The great criticism: a “lost opportunity.” Despite the achievement, the scientific community has indicated an important limitation in the design of the experiment. The surgeons only transplanted the left lung of the pig, leaving the right lung of the receiver, which was human and functional, in place. This, according to some critics such as Dr. Richard N. Pierson of Harvard’s Faculty of Medicine, is a “lost opportunity.” Not insulating the pigs, it is impossible to know if it really worked enough to keep life on its own. A first step in a marathon. Despite criticism and mixed results, experts agree that it is a fundamental advance in being a first step towards clinical pulmonary xenotransplantation. Now the way to follow is to improve the organ preservation techniques to reduce the initial damage and continue to refine the genetic modifications. The next step, according to experts, is to try in the terminal pulmonary patients who have no other treatment option. This experiment is part of a global movement. In the United States, the FDA has already authorized clinical trials for kidney transplants and pigs of companies such as Engenesis and United Therapeutics. In fact, a man lives with A pork kidney since January of this yearmarking the survival record to date. Images | Christopher Carson Weermeijer Robina In Xataka | Make cardio or train strength: for science there is no debate about what is the ideal year from 50

Deepseek put China on the AI ​​map. The danger is that this revolution stays in a day flower

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Deepseek R1 was eating the world At the beginning of the year. This Chinese model, apparently out of nowhere, caused A true shock In the AI ​​industry, but since then there has been movement. Actually there has been one, but the disturbing thing is precisely what that movement has been. Hi, Deepseek v3.1. The startup advertisement Last week the launch of Deepseek V3.1, a new version that stood out for being an improved hybrid of Deepseek V3 (fast response) and Deepseek R1 (reasoning). There was also good news in terms of their performance: according to the Benchmarks published by those responsible, it was significantly higher than their predecessors. Visible (but non -dramatic) improvements. In the “model card” (model card) that those responsible offers In Hugging FaceDeepseek v3.1 (in reasoning mode) proved to behave slightly better than Deepseek R1-0528, —Your previous version, more powerful-in areas such as programming or in mathematical tests, but some users who have tried it there comment That except in those areas, the model is worse and “it behaves poorly when following instructions or prompts provided by users.” Others confirm it and They assure which is useful for programmers, but not for other areas. It also has limitations on its multimodal support, and focuses on the text instead of providing more options for another type of interaction, for example from voice, image, video or audio messages. A Chinese model for Chinese chips. But even more interesting it was that Deepseek V3.1 has been designed and launched with a clear objective: avoiding the dependence of foreign chips. The FP8 precision used makes this model behave very well In the next -generation Chinese chips. The strategy seems very interesting for the startup, which could thus have a very aligned model with the priorities of the Chinese government. This is: use local models for local chips as much as possible. And R1, what? From there some doubts arise. The first, which affects Deepseek R1, the model with which the startup “broke” the market at the beginning of the year. The company has eliminated all references to this model in the characteristic of “deep thought”, which has generated doubts about the potential appearance of its expected successor, a hypothetical Deepseek R2. Loses users. But while that theoretical model comes – if it does – the company faces a more immediate threat. As they point out In SCMPDeepseek is losing users (or at least relevance) in recent months. In the first quarter of the year its market share within the scope of the IA Open Source models used on the PPIO cloud platform was a spectacular 99%. However, in the second quarter that percentage has dropped to 80%. Fierce competition. That fall relevance has an obvious reason: its local competitors are squeezing. And a lot. Among them is the family of models Qwen from Alibaba, but Also others like Kimi-K2-Instructof the startup Mosohot AI – in which Alibaba has also invested – which is becoming one of the most popular models of recent weeks. Delays and deceleration. Precisely the focus on being able to make the most of future Chinese chips seems to be the reason that this hypothetical Deepseek R2 is being delayed. At least that is the hypothesis that consider In Financial Timeswhere they revealed that the startup has failed when trying to train with Huawei chips. The situation has made them Training with Nvidia chipsand that are using the Huawei Asce for the inference stage, that is, the interaction with the model via web or API by users. But this attitude is “very Chinese”. We may in Western countries we are accustomed to a much more frantic pace and that we expect constant updates and improvements with an eye on the short term. In China, philosophy is usually the opposite, and companies adopt A long -term strategy even if immediate benefits are lost. Maintaining a low profile is also usual among those companies, which try not to make much noise … until they do, as Depseek has already demonstrated. Thus, we will have to remain very attentive to the activity of this startup, because surely he will be working to continue being one of the protagonists of the AI ​​panorama. Image | Tim Reckmann In Xataka | Deepseek has suggested that Nvidia chips no longer needs. We believe to know who is buying them

We have detected the gene that acts as a ‘switch’ of chronic pain. It is the principle of the analgesics revolution

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Chronic pain is one of the worst convictions of modern medicine. Affects one in five peopleis the main cause of world dependence And to top it off, Current treatments They are insufficient or come with devastating side effects such as Opioid addiction as fentanyl. But now, A great investigation Posted in the prestigious magazine Nature It has opened a door that could change everything. A gene as responsible for chronic pain. An international team of scientists has identified a gene, the SLC45A4as a key actor in the perception of pain by the human. And it is not another gene on the list. They are the necessary instructions to manufacture a protein that acts as a “guardian” of the membrane of Our sensory neuronscontrolling the passage of mysterious molecules called polyamines. When manipulating this protein, researchers have reduced the intensity of certain pain without affecting other sensations such as The touch. The finding not only solves an old biological enigma, but also opens the door to a new generation of analgesics for patients with pains that are not controlled with current therapies. Following the track in the DNA of 130,000 people. Find a small gene Inside the human genome It is not something simple, taking into account the large amount of information that can be found In a sequencing. That is why researchers have resorted to brute force with the processing of a large amount of data. To do this, they analyzed the genetic information and pain questionnaires of more than 132,000 people from the UK Biobankone of the world’s greatest repositories of medical and genetic information. Looking for patterns in all data. Using a Complete genome association study (GWAS), which is like crossing thousands of data to find patterns, researchers discovered that certain variants of the SLC45A4 gene were significantly associated with the intensity of chronic pain that people reported. Something that could also explain the different pain thresholds that each person has. To ensure that it was not a coincidence, they replied the finding in two other gigantic databases such as the Million Veteran Program from the United States and Finngen of Finland. The result in both was similar, so the evidence began to clarify. But once you have the name of the gene, the question is: what exactly does this gene do to modulate pain? The guardian of the polyamines: solving a neuronal enigma. This is where history becomes very interesting. It was known that the SLC45A4 manufactured a conveyor protein, a kind of rotating door on the surface of the cells. But nobody knew what he transported. The investigation revealed that its load is the Polyaminessmall molecules that, despite being crucial for almost everything in the cell (From the reading of the DNA to growth), they had a role that was not known in pain. What was known is that during a pain situation polyamines increased, but the mechanism of action was a mystery. The reason for the mystery is that the effect was different depending on whether they were outside or inside the neuron, but the ‘door’ was not known through which they could enter or leave. Until now. The SLC45A4 protein is that door. Using advanced verification techniques. Before announcing a discovery like this, it is important to be verified with different techniques. In this case the Electronic Creomicroscopy To obtain a 3D map at the atomic level of the protein. In this way, they saw their structure with an amazing detail. But seeing it is not just to have a very beautiful photograph hanging in the office, but it could be understood how it was able to recognize polyamines and even a Modulable domain That the protein itself uses to inhibit itself, as an integrated key in its own lock. And this is something that opens many doors to future research related to chronic pain. Mice with the lowest pain threshold. The fire test came with the experiments in animals. The team created genetically modified mice so that they did not have the SLC45A4 gene. These mice were, in appearance, completely normal. However, when they were subjected to pain proof, the results were amazing. Specifically, mice were subjected to different tests, such as being on a hot plate or receiving a formalin injection, which is a chemical that Causes pain at high doses. Here it is as they showed a much greater resistance to chronic pain. But when they were given a quick puncture (acute pain) the answer was identical to that of normal mice. A pain regulator. And this difference is crucial in the investigation. It means that SLC45A4 is not a switch that when we go out ‘we stop feeling any type of pain, but is a fine regulator for persistent and deaf pain, precisely the type that characterizes chronic pain. Because living completely without pain is not a good idea. The pain in the end is an organism alert system that something is not doing well, for example, that we have appendicitis. If we ‘turn off’ acute pain are many emergency situations that we would literally stop attending until it was too late. And reason is known. The absence of the protein made a specific type of pain receptors, the so -called Polymodal nociceptors C or fibers C (Those that detect chemical or thermal pain), were much less excitable. That is, it was necessary to expose the receiver to a much stronger stimulus so that the neurons ‘trigger’ an action potential that reached the brain and gave the feeling of pain. Literally, the threshold potential was much lower and, therefore, resisted from great magnitude pain. A new hope for millions of people. This discovery is more than a simple scientific curiosity. By identifying this protein as the polyamine transporter in neurons related to nociception, a completely new window for drug design opens. And it is that current analgesics act on receptors or block (such as the case of ibuprofen with COX-2). Now, the drugs designed to modulate the activity of … Read more

Mercadona has been filled with gels and shampoos that mimic luxury products: the silent revolution of supermarkets

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A light texture cream and minimalist container that could go through a Sephora launch, a Bombonera type bag that Remember Loewe or Jacquemusand a colony whose aroma evokes Carolina Herrera or Issey Miyake perfumes. All this coexists, at reduced prices, in the same place where fried and softening potatoes are sold: the supermarket. Between clonations or inspirations – not to open the legal melon – you can find global cosmetics and perfumery trends, including Korean skincareas well as viral accessories in a daily and massive context. A phenomenon that arouses passions on social networks and that, in Spain, has Mercadona as one of its main protagonists. Imitation as a strategy. According to Business InsiderMercadona, through its own Deliplus brand, accurately mimics makeup products and personal care of firms such as Mac, Benefit, L’Oréal or Urban Decay, with containers and textures that remind the original but at prices that rarely exceed six euros. Among the best known examples are the Maxi Volume mask (inspired by L’Oréal), the silicone base similar to Benefit or Illuminator and Coloretes that refer directly to The Balm and Nars. The formula works thanks to the massive distribution and indirect marketing that generate users and influencers by viralizing findings such as bath gel with amber and vetiver for 1.50 euros, described by the confidential as “a gel that smells of gods” and compared to high -end perfumes. In Xataka A feeling is growing in Europe and Canada: Boicote "National" The hole that leaves inaccessible luxury. This “corridor luxury” blooms at a time when traditional luxury has become more expensive until its clientele concentrated in the richest 1%. According to the avant -gardethe average price of luxury products has risen 25% since 2019, displacing the aspirational consumer that previously saved to buy a perfume or accessory. Today, more than 40% of the sales of many brands come from that 1% of greater purchasing power. The consequence of all this is a market hole that fill legal imitations, inspired products and, in the illegal field, falsifications. According to the countrydigital copies trade has exploded with apps and channels in Telegram, where young people buy and exhibit replicas without complexes. 54% of the B buyers see with good eyes that others carry falsifications, and 37% admit that it carries or carry them. In this panorama, legal clones such as those of Mercadona are positioned as an “safe” alternative, although they are part of the same conversation about value, authenticity and saturation. The origin of luxury by hand. The mixture of luxury references and daily consumption is not new, but in the last decade it has been normalized and even turned into a statement of style. The figure of the “luxury choni” – who combines gold logos with basic garments and low cost makeup – has permeated in artists such as Bad Gyal, capable of dressing in Versace and Use Mercadona Profiler. Also Rosalia, in its beginnings, sang in Aute Cuture: “In the Palace and in the Chinese”, encapsulating the coexistence of two consumption universes in the same aesthetic identity. This symbolic cross has found fertile ground in cosmetics, where the price does not always determine social recognition. An effective clone can grant the same symbolic capital as a luxury product, especially when social networks amplify the finding. The era of “dupe”. In networks like Tiktok, the term Dupe It has become a generational flag. Vogue Business has documented How gene generation has stopped hiding that uses imitations: finding and showing them is a source of pride. Brands such as Mcobeauty in Australia have grown thanks to this movement, while firms like Charlotte Tilbury have launched campaigns to claim their “original formula” and differentiate themselves from copies. In other markets, the line between inspiration and copy has been tested in court. According to Vogue BusinessBenefit’s demand against Elf Cosmetics for a mask similar to his Roller Lash failed: justice considered that packaging and components differ enough not to confuse the consumer. On the other hand, Mercadona does not fight on that forehead: its strategy is to identify and produce quickly, benefiting that in Spain, as in many markets, copying formulas or aesthetics without violating patents is perfectly legal. Beyond beauty: edible luxury. This phenomenon is not limited to cosmetics. According to Delishgeneration Z is moving aspirational consumption to food. In the United States, chains like Erewhon sell $ 20 with superfood and collaborations of Celebritieswhich are both a well -being product and a content for social networks. Logic is similar: to make daily consumption (makeup, breakfast, hydrate) into an act of visible and replicable status. Luxury is no longer alone in marble boutiques: it is in the glass Take Awayin the design bottle of design and, in Spain, in the supermarket perfume line. The debate: democratize or dilute. He Dupe It can be understood as democratization: put aesthetic and sensory codes available to a few people. But it can also dilute the value of the original and its promise of exclusivity. Marc Chaya, CEO of Maison Francis Kurkdjian, warned in Vogue Business: “Duping is a serious matter … some serve to remind brands that cannot abuse the price, but others flood the market without providing utility or purpose.” For the consumer, the dilemma is different: pay for history and prestige or for the effect and similarity. For brands, the question is how to maintain relevance when desire is satisfied with cheaper alternatives. {“videoid”: “x85k87i”, “autoplay”: fals, “title”: “Black Friday: how to know if an online store is reliable ️ Buy with internet security”, “Tag”: “”, “Duration”: “562”} Cart as a global showcase. It is not about replacing the traditional luxury experience, but about appropriating its symbols in times of inflation, precariousness and digitalized consumption. The “hall luxury” is a symptom of an era where the barriers between high range and mass consumption are increasingly diffuse. And there, in that hall where glamor coexists with the softener, a new chapter is being written in the history of consumption: one where a … Read more

A Netscape decision in the 90s explains why Google and Meta grow up with each technological revolution

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In 1995, engineers of Netscape They faced a problem during a development night: how to allow websites to execute code without being able to steal user data? Thirty years later, its solution, the ‘Same-Origin Policy‘(Policy of the same origin), has become the invisible architecture that governs all the Internet. Why is it important. Each website became an isolated universe, unable to communicate with others. That night decision explains why we can barely escape the Apple ecosystem, why our data live trapped in silos and why each technological revolution makes the usual giants more powerful. The context. Alex Komoroske, former strategy director in Stripe and former director of Google for 13 years, He has identified what he calls the “iron triangle” of modern software. System designers can only combine two of these three elements: Sensitive data. Internet access. And non -reliable code. The logic is simple: if you allow unknown code to access personal data and have Internet connection, you can steal everything and send it anywhere. The solution was the total isolation. Each application became a fortress where your Instagram data cannot talk to Uber’s, your Apple photos cannot be processed by Google tools, and each service begins knowing zero about you. In detail. Komoroske Talk about this phenomenon With the water metaphor going down a mountain. Each obstacle does not stop the flow, redirects it where there is less resistance. Over time, channels are formed that attract more water to become increasingly large rivers. Planning a trip illustrates this mechanism: Flights in the mail. Hotel in another app. Restaurants in Google Docs. Calendar in a different tool. The constant friction of copying, pasteing and reformating leads to grant access to a single service that already knows all your context. Without friction, everything works perfect. When you share the trip, you use the tool that already has all the information. The threat. The AI promises to be different, but is inheriting the same physics. The LLMS They can create almost free software – a developer with AI can build in hours what it took weeks – allowing infinitely personalized tools. But this “infinite software” distributed through traditional stores does not solve our problems: it amplifies them. More applications mean more silos, more places where your data is trapped. The AI needs context to be useful, but our current security model means that sharing context is a commitment of all or nothing. Yes, but. The technical pieces to transcend this paradigm already exist. Modern Intel, AMD and ARM chips include “safe enclaves“, encrypted and protected memory regions of anyone, including cloud administrators. AI brings us a unique opportunity, because it makes the current limitation evident. The technical pieces already exist and it is the first time in thirty years that we can transcend this policy. While nothing changes, the concentration of power will continue to reinforce. In Xataka | What was ATI: to look at Nvidia to end and forgotten by the technology industry Outstanding image | Netscape, Xataka, Unspash

Spain finds its niche in the AI revolution: build the foundations

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Coreweave, American giant, has commissioned the Spanish ACS to build a data center In Lancaster (Pennsylvania) that will cost 6,000 million dollars (about 5,160 million euros). The installation will start with 100 MW of power, expandable to 300 MW, becoming one of the largest in the world. Why is it important. Spain does not manufacture specialized chips or develop important models of AI, but it is finding its place in the value chain: build the physical infrastructure that makes the above possible. ACS, through Turner, is the one who will lead the construction of data centers in the United States with a portfolio of 12,000 million euros. The backdrop. The United States seeks the desperate infrastructure to feed the AI revolution. Data centers already consume 4.4% of all electricity in the country and are expected to reach up to 12% in 2028. Demand is brutal: 58 THD in 2014 a forecasts of up to 580 twh for 2028. An X10. The construction company of Florentino Pérez already works for Meta, Vantage Data Center and other technological giants. Your Turner subsidiary is who is more promoting its recent growth. In figures. The project will generate 600 jobs during construction and 70 initial permanent positions, which will grow up to 245. Coreweave calculates that each direct position will create six additional jobs. The announcement was faced with Donald Trump, which has promised 70,000 million dollars in investments In AI infrastructure. The panoramic. There is some trend that goes beyond ACS: ACCIONA builds solar parks that feed data centers. Electric network exports intelligent network technology. Ferrovial competes for digital infrastructure contracts in the United Kingdom. Spain has found its specialty: we do not invent the AI, but we know how to build buildings, networks and energy infrastructure that makes it possible. Deepen. ACS’s commitment has 2,000 MW in development and another 4,000 MW identified. The company He anticipated this movement in 2023buying land in Madrid for its first data center in Spain, which will operate since 2025. We are not architects of the AI revolution, but good masons. In Xataka | Spain promised them very happy as the power of the data centers. Did not have the heat waves Outstanding image | ACS

Intel and TSMC lead the revolution of photonic chips. His problem is that China has just done fully in this war

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Douglas Yu, a TSMC executive, The biggest chips manufacturer on the planetwith responsibility in the field of systems integration Explain clearly The disruptive capacity of integrated photonic circuits: “If we manage to implement a good system of integration of silicon’s photonics We will trigger a new paradigm. We will probably be placed at the beginning of a new era. “ The photonic silicon seeks to develop the technology of this chemical element to optimize the transformation of electrical signals into light pulses. The most obvious field of application of this innovation is the implementation of high performance links that, on paper, can be used both to solve communications between several chips and to optimize the transfer of information between several machines. Advanced packaging technologies with which the main semiconductor manufacturers work, such as TSMC, Intel or Samsung, can benefit a lot from a communication mechanism between very high performance chips. And the large data centers in which it is necessary to connect a large number of machines, too. However, there is a particular discipline to which it would be wonderful about the advantages proposed by the photonic silicon: the artificial intelligence (AI). China plans to use this technology in AI, 6G communications and quantum computers Intel and TSMC are some of the companies that have been working on the development of their technologies linked to the photonic silicon, and, as we can intuit, this innovation is no stranger to Chinese companies and research centers. In fact, in mid -May 2024 the Institute of Information Technology and Microsystems of Shanghai (China) in collaboration with the Lausanian Institute of Technology (Switzerland) reached a crucial milestone. Until that time one of the fundamental ingredients of the integrated photonic circuits was the lithium niobate. The lithium tantalate allows the manufacture of large -scale photonic chips and with much lower costs This synthetic salt intervenes in the manufacture of these integrated circuits because its physicochemical properties allow it to optimize the conversion of electricity into light, but it has a problem: the industrial exploitation of this technology is conditioned by The high cost that each wafer hasand also for the size of each of them. What these scientists have achieved is to replace the lithium niobate with other semiconductor material whose properties are even more attractive: the lithium tantalate (litao3). Ou Xin, one of the scientists who have led this project, assures That in addition to paying better than the lithium niobate, the lithium tantaloate allows the manufacture of large -scale photonic circuit and with much lower costs. This is because the manufacturing processes are similar to those currently used to produce conventional silicon semiconductors. This is the context in which, according to SCMPthe chips center for integrated photonics Xplore (Chipx) of the Jiao Tong University of Shanghai has announced that it has started the production of 6 -inch wafers for photonic chips. Interestingly, this production line Use Lithium Niobateso it still has a room to advance and take advantage of the properties of the lithium tantalate. Be as Professor Jin Xianmin, the director of CHIPX, says that the photonic integrated circuits have a huge potential not only in the training and inference of AI models, the classical supercomputing and Quantum computersbut also in the development of communications 6g. Image | TSMC More information | SCMP In Xataka | Today China and the US have parked their differences for a good reason: they will analyze together the risks of AI

As of today, ATMs are also a revolution thing. Fintech launches its first physical network, and starts with Spain

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Which It started as a way to send and spend money Without commissions, a bank has ended up looking more and more. Revolutionwhich ten years ago was born in the United Kingdom as an app designed to simplify finances, it has become One of the most valuable Fintech in the sector. And his last play makes it clear: his own ATMs. Yes, ATMs. An idea that would have been difficult to fit in its early years, when it was unmarked from the traditional. But now it is a reality. The former will arrive in Spain, and not anywhere: the debut will be in the Spring Sound from Barcelonawhich starts today and extends until June 8. Spain, Revolution’s first physical laboratory. The company has chosen Spain to release its first physical product: a network of ATMs developed entirely in its Techhub in Barcelona. According to Revolution, the initial phase includes 50 terminals between Madrid and Barcelona, ​​which will be expanded until reaching 200 throughout the country. The former will be located at large points such as Avinguda Diagonal or Toledo Street, and can be located from the app by an interactive map. Barcelona’s choice is not accidental. The city not only houses one of the strategic development centers of the company, but also represents, according to the company itself, a key piece in its European expansion map. In fact, Revolution plans to take this network to other countries such as Germany, Italy or Portugal from 2026. Happy ATMs for a digital customer. The new ATMs do not look like the usual. They are designed with a modern interface, touch navigation, compatibility with contactless payments and multilingual support. They also offer functions designed to reduce friction: withdrawals without additional commissions for Revolution clients and immediate delivery of physical cards. Free withdrawals will be available both nationally and internationally and intra -Europe. For non -customers, the service will also be available “with a competitive commission.” In addition, Revolution plans to incorporate in the future the dynamic conversion option of currency (DCC), which will allow you to choose between the exchange rate of the emitter bank or that of Revolution at the time of withdrawal. And he will not remain in retired. The company also plans to enable cash deposits in later phases, thus expanding the range of accessible services from these physical points. The physical step of a 100 % digital experience. In the words of Manjot Bhati, Operating Partner of Revolution, “to launch our own ATMs network a decisive step in our mission of offering a truly global financial experience and without friction.” As we can see, with this movement, Fintech seeks to expand its footprint beyond the app. It is not a minor change. Revolut was born as a 100 % digital actor, without physical offices or windows. His commitment to their own ATMs suggests a new stage: one in which the physical does not contradict digital, but complements it. A stage where the cashier is no longer just an cash machine. We will have to see if this movement translates into a new success. Images | Aleksandrs Karevs In Xataka | Revolution is not just a threat to traditional banks. Now it is also for Teleoperators

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