RESPONSIBLE

Tesla’s enormous problem in Germany has an alarming figure and a clear person responsible: Elon Musk

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Three out of four potential buyers of an electric car reject the idea of ​​buying a Tesla. The study points to the German market, which is the first electric car market in Europe by sales volume, and explains an important part of Tesla’s failure in Europe during 2025. Three out of four. 75% of potential buyers of an electric car in Germany do not value the idea of ​​buying a Tesla car, according to a study by the German Institute of Economics in collaboration with the Technical University of Dresden. The figure, which in itself is bad, has even more meaning. And that 75% is made up of potential customers who believe it is unlikely to buy a Tesla (15%) and those who completely reject buying a vehicle from this brand (60%). The reason, as we could imagine, is not a question of competition or price. The disaster. Last year, 545,142 electric cars were sold in Germany. It was, by far, the strongest electric car market in Europe. The growth was 43.2% compared to 2024, the year in which just over 380,000 electric cars were sold. Its market share reached 19.1%, above the European average, according to ACEA. For Tesla, however, it was not a great year. In Europe, 150,504 electric vehicles from Elon Musk’s company were sold, 37.9% less than the previous year when 242,436 registrations were registered. The most problematic thing is that the company had achieved a market share of 2.3% (a good bite to eat on the electric car pie, which in 2024 was only 13.6% in the European Union. That is, almost two out of every 10 electric cars sold in Europe were from Tesla. The drop was even more pronounced in Germany. There, the drop was 48.4%, as recorded Reuters at the beginning of the year. And, with everything, It has not been its strongest percentage drop in European countries but the damage in volume is more than evident. The politics. The decision by which the Germans seem to completely reject Tesla is evident to the creators of the study: Elon Musk’s political positioning. According to the authors, political positioning influences the purchase of a car more than sociodemographic characteristics. They point out that young people, those with a higher level of education and those who live in urban areas are more inclined to purchase an electric car. In political terms, Green supporters are the most open to acquiring this technology and AfD (German far-right) voters are the least enthusiastic. On average, they say, the potential customer for an electric car has grown by over 40% and those who reject it outright have also fallen. But the problem for Tesla is that it is not attractive to either group. Among the Greens, only 10.8% value the purchase of a Tesla as their first option and the percentage grows among AfD followers to 15.2% but it must be taken into account that these voters are also less in favor of buying a car of this type. Just lose. The study concludes with a statement: Elon Musk has lost support for buying cars among progressive groups (those who buy the most electric cars or are willing to buy) and has not attracted enough conservative groups to alleviate this disadvantage. The result is a direct consequence of a year 2025 that began with Elon Musk doing a Nazi salute during Donald Trump’s takeover of the United States and which continued with a explicit support of the company’s head for AfD and other far-right parties in Europe. It must be taken into account that this type of political positioning in Germany is much more delicate than in other countries. In Germany the Nazi salute is a crime punished with a fine in minor cases but which can be grounds for imprisonment in more serious cases. Study on preferences when buying an electric car in Germany segmented by political parties. Source: German Institute of Economics The worst option almost always. The image above shows the predisposition of Germans to the type of electric car they want to buy, segmented by their origin and the political parties that these potential customers vote for. According to this data, Tesla is the last option in four of the six political parties studied, even behind Chinese cars as the first option. The latter always surpass him except among CDU and SPD voters (although in both cases a greater percentage considers it possible to buy a Chinese car over a Tesla if we add the second level of predisposition). Tesla reaps the worst results among the Greens and Linke (The Left) and the absolute rejection is greater among the supporters of the latter political party. Chinese cars are, in all cases, the second option chosen when considering those who are willing to buy an electric car and those who value it as a possible purchase. The Germans are the ones who obtain the most support and the first option in all cases, with the greatest support among Green voters and with the AfD as the party with the greatest reluctance to buy it. Photo | Elon Musk in X and German Institute of Economics In Xataka | Tesla is discovering in real time that the most difficult thing was not to build a car brand from scratch: it was to maintain it

the Stadler plant will be responsible for building 200 hybrid locomotives

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Stadler, a well-known Swiss manufacturer responsible for producing railway equipment, has announced a historic contract with the Luxembourg locomotive rental company Nexrail. The idea is to build up to 200 hybrid locomotives EURO9000. Although the company has not revealed official figures, according to According to Expansión, the order could reach 1.4 billion euros, taking into account that previous similar contracts have been around 7 million per unit. And why is all this important? Precisely because all production will be carried out at Stadler’s plant in Albuixech, Valencia. A boost for the Valencian industry. This mega order represents a fairly important injection of work for Stadler’s Valencian factory and consolidates its position as a strategic production center within the Swiss group. The Albuixech plant will be responsible for manufacturing the most powerful locomotive which is currently produced in Europe, a great recognition of the technical and industrial capacity that the Valencian factory provides. Hybrid technology. The EURO9000 hybrid It combines pantograph and batteries on a six-axis platform already proven on the market. With its multi-system design it allows it to operate without problems between borders of Germany, Austria, Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland and Italy. In addition, it can transport goods completely emission-free from terminal to terminal, which leaves aside diesel, a fuel that still predominates in many European corridors. Power. According to Stadler, these locomotives can operate alone even on the most demanding routes, such as transalpine corridors, without the need for an additional thrust locomotive. In direct current networks, the battery system provides extra power that improves performance and allows more load to be transported. It also offers an intelligent battery management system that optimizes regenerative braking, which reduces costs during peak electrical consumption and allows energy to be purchased at times of lowest price. The client and the first operator. The first user of these locomotives will be Hamburger Rail Service (HRS), according to has confirmed Stadler. “The EURO9000 with pantograph and batteries offers HRS a unique combination of flexible traction on lines with or without catenary, high traction capacity for our heavy loads and zero-emission operations,” explained Adem Gülaz, CEO of HRS. Decarbonization. Iñigo Parra, president of Stadler Valencia, has underlined that the order “reveals our joint commitment to sustainable innovation in rail freight transport.” For his part, Luuk von Meijenfeldt, CEO of Nexrail, highlighted that the company is “excited to lead the European locomotive market towards a zero-emissions future” and that this order marks “an important step in that transition.” Europe’s goals. The rail freight sector is immersed in a transformation process to meet European climate objectives, similar to what’s happening right now in the automotive world on the continent. Complete electrification of all lines is still economically unfeasible, so hybrid locomotives with batteries are now emerging as the most realistic solution for decarbonize the sector without giving up the operational flexibility that diesel locomotives still offer on non-electrified sections. Cover image | Stadler and Ivan Arlandis In Xataka | The lack of generational change has opened a job opportunity for thousands of young people in Spain: bus driver

China’s technological development is unstoppable. It is accelerating and the responsible country is the USA

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Jensen Huang, the co -founder and general director of Nvidia, made it very clear in one of the statements he made during the already distant 2023 computer: “China is dedicating mass resources to the implementation of emerging companies specialized in the development of GPU. Do not underestimate them. “This warning was directed to the US government in a clear attempt to prevent you from the consequence that They will have the sanctions that seek to stop the technological development of China. However, this statement is not the only one that Huang has made with the purpose of describing the strategy of this gigantic Asian country. This executive too assures that “if China can’t buy chips for artificial intelligence (AI) To the US she will simply manufacture them. ” Huawei, Cambricon Technologies either Moore Threadsamong many other Chinese companies. It is likely that in 2026 China reaches technological self -sufficiency Jensen Huang is not at all the only expert who has warned the US government and his allies that his sanctions are promoting a flight forward. This statement by Marc HijinkDutch journalist expert in semiconductors and author of the highly recommended essay book ‘Focus: The Asml Way’expresses very strongly the impact that the USA and the Netherlands can have on the ASML business and the technological development of China: “I think that the great frustration that Asml feels is that by restricting the sale of their machines, not just those of extreme ultraviolet lithography (UVE), but also those of immersion, an opportunity opens for a Chinese competitor to enter the market. This could create a very powerful rival (…) if ASML entry into China is completely restricted The Chinese are forced to use their own technologywhich eventually drives its innovation. We see the same in the field of AI or with Huawei, which creates chips even with its limited lithography options. “ Its purpose is to transfer their knowledge to China because they are convinced that despite their efforts the US government will not be able to stop the technological advance of China Let’s change third. Liguo “Recoo” Zhang is Chinese, but has lived for several decades in the US and has worked in Siemens Eda, the US subsidiary of this German company that dominates the chip design software market in China. Zhang currently directs the Chinese Seida company, and in the business plan that he presented in 2022 with the purpose of capturing new investors, he collected that his company would have its chip design software ready in early 2024. However, this is not all. And is that in that document Seida defended that his plan went to “break the foreign monopoly.” Presumably the software developed by Seida is already being used by SMIC, Hua Hong semiconductor and other Chinese manufacturers of integrated circuits. In fact, SMIC is one of the investors of this company. Peilun “Allen” Chang, the director of Operations of Seida, assures that Zhang and other former employees of Siemens EDA left this German company as a result of US sanctions. Its purpose was transfer their knowledge to China because they are convinced that despite their efforts the US government will not be able to stop the technological advance of China. In the field of Chinese scientific development, it has also reached notable achievements in recent years. In fact, in the cover image of this article we can see the ambitious experimental reactor of nuclear fusion CFETR (Chinese Fusion Engineering Testing Reactor) that is being built in this Asian country as an alternative to ITER. In any case, before concluding this article it is worth returning to the domain of technology to make a bet: it is likely that In 2026 China already has its own UVE photolithography teamswhich are the machines you need to produce avant -garde chips. If this prognosis is fulfilled by the country led by Xi Jinping will reach its longing for technological self -sufficiency. Image | Xinhua News In Xataka | Xi Jinping’s “Made in China In China” In Xataka | ASML’s “invisible monopoly” is indisputable. Although without the technology of these companies would not have reached the top

Someone cut five submarine cables in the Baltic. Finland already points as responsible for a ship of the “shade fleet”

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In the middle of Christmas, five submarine cables that connect Finland and Estonia were damaged. According to the Finnish Prosecutor’s Officeit was a deliberate act: an oil tanker dragged its anchor for about 90 kilometers and cut the electric interconnection Estlink 2 and four telecommunications cables. More than seven months later, on August 11, 2025, The Prosecutor’s Office presented positions For aggravated damage and aggravated interference in communications against the captain and two officers of the Eagle S ship, a ship linked to the call “shadow”That the European authorities associate with the elusion of restrictions on Russian crude. On the night of December 25, 2024, the Estlink 2 link stopped operating suddenly and, shortly after, failures were detected in four data cables that cross the same section of the Gulf of Finland. The service did not collapse thanks to alternative routes, but the technical impact was immediate and the authorities opened an investigation focused on the trajectory of a ship that sailed near the affected area. 90 kilometers groove at the bottom of the Baltic. The damage pattern was unequivocal: a prolonged groove in the seabed that coincided with the passage of the Eagle S. The researchers point out that The trajectory of the ship registered in the navigation data flashes with the damaged areas. Police recovered an anchor whose location coincided with the Eagle S route and with the detected groove, information between the evidence that motivated the accusation against the three officers. A cable that transports 650 megawatts under the sea. Estlink 2 is a high voltage electrical interconnection in direct current that joins Finland and Estonia for the seabed. He entered into market operation in December 2013 and was inaugurated in 2014; Its capacity reaches 650 megawatts and its function is to balance the electrical demand between the two countries. After the cut, Fingrid and Elering activated contingencies to maintain stability, and the link returned to the market at 01:00 of June 20, 2025 after repairs. In addition to the power grid, Four telecommunications cables were damagedaffecting part of data traffic between Finland and Estonia. Among the impacted operators are Elisa, Cinia – of public majority ownership – and a cable managed by CITIC. The repair work began days later and extended several weeks; According to the Prosecutor’s Office, the owners have assumed at least 60 million euros in direct repair costs, without relevant impacts on end users thanks to the alternative routed. An old acquaintance under magnifying glass. He Eagle s It is an oil company registered in the Cook Islands that sailed from the Russian port of UST-Luga with oil products and was detected in the vicinity of the affected area. Several media place their property in Caravella Llc Fzbased in United Arab Emirates. The ship appears in the so -called “Shadow Flot”, formed by boats with opaque structures that have continued to operate despite the restrictions. The European Union included Eagle S on its list of ships sanctioned on May 20, 2025. Can Finland judge it? The debate on jurisdiction. The defense claims that the cuts occurred outside the Finnish territorial waters. Because of this, Reuters pointsthe country would not have competence to prosecute the crew. The Prosecutor’s Office appeals to the territorial effect: the consequences occurred in Finland, in the electricity and communications, and that would justify the criminal action. Helsinki’s court now has the task to decide on competition and, where appropriate, set procedural deadlines. The result of the judicial decision will mark the next chapter of the case. If the Court accepts Finnish competition, the process against Eagle S officers will be a milestone in the European response to attacks against critical infrastructure. Images | HTM (Wikimedia Commons) In Xataka | The USA opened the way and China took note: it is updating its fleet with ships that have electromagnetic catapults

Superconductor quantum computers are being sabotaged. Fortunately, several Chinese scientists have found those responsible

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Superconductor cubits are extremely fragile. Even so, if we stick to the number of companies that are working on this type of quantum bits it is reasonable to conclude that this is the technology that has greater support and greater investmentso, somehow, is the one that goes in the lead. This strategy is probably the one that will help us to have more cubits, but also It is more prone to make mistakes That ion traps cubits, which are one of the alternatives to superconductors. In addition, these last cubits are characterized by working at a temperature of about 20 millikelvin, which are approximately -273 degrees Celsius, with the purpose of operating with the greater degree of isolation of the possible environment. IBM is one of the companies that have opted to set Quantum computers With superconductor cubits, and plans to make available to its customers in 2029 ‘Starling’, its first large -scale quantum computer equipped with the capacity to amend your own mistakes. However, something happened that can complicate the plans of this and other companies involved in the development of quantum computers. And is that a group of researchers from the Academy of Quantum Information Sciences (China) has discovered that Cosmic rays and Gamma radiation They have the ability to cause errors in superconductor cubits. This discovery is very important because it justifies the need to develop technologies that allow building reliable quantum computers despite the interference of cosmic rays and gamma rays. These scientists have published the result of their research in Nature Communications. Cosmic rays are putting quantum computers in trouble Researchers from the Academy of Quantum Information Sciences of Beijing have carried out this discovery using a 63 -cubits superconductor quantum processor. However, their most ingenious idea led them to install muones detectors within the quantum computer cooling system. This strategy allowed them to realize that gamma rays and cosmic radiation were inducing the appearance of errors in the extremely fragile superconductor cubits, thus weakening their ability to maintain coherence. It is evident that to solve a problem it is essential to identify it and know its origin, so it is good news that these scientists have made this discovery. However, before concluding this article I propose that we review briefly What are these two forms of radiation. Cosmic rays are constituted by high -energy ionized atomic nuclei that move through space at a speed very close to that of light (which is approximately 300,000 km/s). Cosmic rays are constituted by high -energy ionized atomic nuclei that move through space at a speed very close to that of light That they are ionized indicates that they have acquired electric charge because they have been stripped of their electrons, but, curiously, these atomic nuclei are made of the same matter that constitutes us and everything that surrounds us. However, and here comes the first surprise, the atomic nuclei that constitute the cosmic rays are distributed in a different way to the subject that shapes us. Hydrogen and helium are much more abundant in our solar system than in cosmic rays, while other heavier elements, such as lithium, beryllium or boron, are ten thousand times more abundant in cosmic radiation. One of the most important characteristics of cosmic radiation is its essentially perfect isotropy. This parameter reflects that the rays arrive from all directions with the same frequency, which indicates that they must coexist simultaneously numerous sources capable of generating them. And this invites us to ask ourselves one more question: where cosmic radiation comes from. A good part of the cosmic rays we receive proceed from outside our solar system. Of other stars. And travel through space with enormous energy until impacting with the atoms present in the upper layers of the atmosphere of our planet. Finally, Gamma radiationwhich is the most energetic and the most penetrating of all, requires the emission of a high -energy photon, usually known as Rayo Gamma, so the atomic nucleus maintains its original structure. Some of these high -energy photons are able to cross very thick concrete walls and lead plates, so this is the most dangerous radiation form of all. More information | Nature Communications In Xataka | Bitcoin encryption and other cryptocurrencies will fall. And those responsible will be quantum computers

“I feel responsible for my team and my clients”

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According to The records of LayoffsMicrosoft has fired more than 6,000 employees in what we had of 2025. One of those employees was Freddy Kristiansen59, fired from the Microsoft subsidiary in Denmark in May 2025 after a 23 -year career in the company as a product manager. However, although officially it is no longer part of the company, Kristiansen Keep going to the office. “It may sound rare to appear in the office after being fired, but I still feel committed to the products, with the people who use them and with my colleagues,” he explains In an interview for Business Insider. A link that goes beyond the contract Its history began in 2002, when it was hired by Navision, a company that shortly after It was acquired by Microsoft. What thought it would be a temporary job finally became a professional career of more than two decades. “I thought: ‘Maybe this can be something in the long term.’ And so,” Kristiansen recalled. Although the Danish law he grants him A period of six months and three months of compensation after the dismissal for being an employee more than nine years old, Kristiansen affirms that his motivation to continue going to the office It is not economical. Microsoft relieved him of all his functions, but due to Danish legislation, Kristiansen is still an employee of Microsoft until November. Instead of using that time to look for a new job (What is designed for what is designed), the product manager continues to attend his office daily. His last great project was Somethinga tool for github. “I feel a responsibility not only to maintain the product, but also to reassure customers to know that they are in good hands,” he told the American environment. “If you need my help, I will answer questions, I will share advice or whatever necessary. There is no reason to stop doing it,” he says. Actually, they have done a favor The employee’s reaction can be surprising for continuing to go to the company Instead of racing in angerbut the truth is that Kristianse’s dismissal came at a time when new personal and professional challenges had already begun. “I thought I could feel annoying, but it really was a relief,” he confesses. While some of his companions were worried about Kristianse’s future, he saw an opportunity to lower the rhythm after two decades at the foot of the cannon. In fact, during The layoffs of 2023the veteran employee presented an anonymous consultation about the possibility of asking for a voluntary dismissal. “I never did,” he clarified. “During the last decade I have worked very hard and I have thrown many hours. But now I am no longer interested in working 60 hours a week. It seemed to me that it was the right time to finally chase my dream long postponed to work in my own terms,” ​​he said. As published in Your personal blogKristiansen focuses on designing his own business plan with the intention of offering consulting services such as CTO, management of projects and motivational talks, while Enjoy more free time And he takes up healthy habits. “From the dismissals, I repeat that there is no evil that for good does not come.” Respect for the fruit of his work Despite the dismissal, Kristiansen continues Share your experience and the decisions that marked his career. “No one forced me to work 20 hours on weekends or strive so much, but I did it because I felt it was the right thing. I did it because I really felt a connection with our partners, our clients and my colleagues. And, honestly, I still feel it,” says the former employee. Its involvement With customers, partners and products it remains so strong that, although its contract ends, respect for everything that it built during its years in Microsoft remains intact. At least until November, when you will have to deliver your corporate laptop and credential. In Xataka | A company hired a worker, dismissed the boss who selected him and forgot about him: he has been charging without working seven months Image | LinkedInUnspash (Sam Torres, Valent lau)

China is flooding from devices without a trace of Android. Huawei is the main responsible

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Huawei’s ability to respond to the numerous restrictions imposed by the United States government is being the best example. The company is in the process of continuing to it to go beyond the Kirin 9020marking rhythm of launches with The Pure 80 Ultra and its Advanced Chamber Systemand achieving what no other manufacturer had achieved to date: create a real alternative to Android. Huawei is working for the plan. Harmonyos It is a strategic turn towards the technological self -sufficiency that China has been chasing for decades. An own operating system, with national code and without a trace of Android, the platform that Huawei used in the initial phases of the system. At the end of 2024, Huawei’s Annual Results Report He presumed that more than one billion devices had Harmonyos. In this first half of 2025, we have some more specific data. At all rag. According to Canals, Huawei has sent a total 103 million smartphones with Harmonyos and 21 million tablets from 2021 at the end of 2024. Of those 103 million, almost half (46 million) were sent last year, showing how the last two years are being key to the growth of the company. The data, without context, are only data. To understand at what point Huawei is located to know that, in 2021, the estimates of sale of smartphones gave Huawei 10 million. The figure is important and shows an upward trend: Huawei has gone from the free fall that suffered between 2021 and 2022 to a sustained recovery process in the last two years. In 2022 the figure doubled to almost 20, to end up arriving at 2025 at 46 million. More prohibitions, more shipments. The United States Plan to isolate Huawei in the world has a double edge. The company has collapsed in Europe and left its position to its sister honorbut the efforts to grow nationwide are clearer than ever. Huawei is triumphing in China, and the consultants point out that it will be one of the mobile companies that will grow the most global in 2025 (growth marked by the path they are following in China). A plan that will accelerate with the license restrictions that affect its PCs. Huawei can no longer sell Windows computers: the first solution is Patch existing ones with Linuxthe second, Sell ​​your own computers with Harmonyos. The dream, getting closer. Huawei has made restrictions the greatest opportunity for growth in its history. An approach towards A device with 100% national components, A universal software ecosystem (mobile, tablet, pc, car, wearables) and, most importantly, The only possible and alternative rival to Android out of Apple and his proposal with iOS. Huawei is drawing an alternative scenario in which every Chinese manufacturer who wants to disconnect from the United States can have Harmonyos alternative. It is something that begins to be seen in industries such as that of automotive: manufacturers like Toyota are so far back in software that The only possible solution is to bet on alternatives such as Huawei or Xiaomi. For the moment, Xiaomi, Vivo, Oppo and even honor continue to see in Europe one of its main sales pillars. But China prepares to lead the technological worldand Harmonyos will play a fundamental role in their conquest. Image | Xataka In Xataka | Harmonyos shoots in China and already surpasses iOS. The following objective is global

Chrome has been failing to some Windows users at least two weeks. Everything points to a responsible, and it is not Google

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The world’s most used browser has been giving problems to some users of Windows 10 and Windows 11. Chromethat The global market share on computers dominate with more than 60%it is failing unexpectedly: just open it and shows no error messages. For those who suffer it, it is as if it had directly ceased to exist. No warning, without solution. In Google’s official forumsdozens of users have been warning of these sudden closures since the beginning of June. The usual solutions – Reinstall Chrome, restart the system – do not work. The problem persists and, until now, there was no clear explanation. Is Microsoft the culprit? As explained A spokeswoman for Chrome’s support team, the error is already being investigated. And the most striking thing is that the failure does not seem to have its origin in Google, but in a function of Microsoft 365 For Windows. Everything points to Microsoft Family Safety. When this function is activated, Chrome stops working. It is not clear if it is a recent change in the browser or an error in the Microsoft tool itself. Family Safety allows you to establish time limits in front of the screen and filter inappropriate content. It is an especially useful function for parents who want to supervise the use of the computer by their children. A temporary solution. For now, there is no official patch. According to The VergeMicrosoft has not spoken and Google has not given more technical details either. However, there is a way to recover Chrome: disable the filter of inappropriate websites within Family Safety. Of course, doing so implies leaving one of the key barriers to protect minors. Images | Google + Photoshop | Google In Xataka | Microsoft Edge has become the second browser after Chrome. At the expense of an almost intrusive insistence

A Spanish hospital has been responsible for taking the new step

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The ATP molecule, adenosine tryphosphate or adenosine trphosphate, It is fundamental For complex life on earth. This molecule is responsible for storing energy in cells and can now be key in a new task: end alopecia. A new study. A team of researchers from the San Carlos Clinical Hospital in Madrid has published a new work in which a treatment cell -based treatment and ATP molecule are studied. The team evaluated this technique in mice to reverse alopecia, and He did it successfully. Androgenic alopecia. The new technique seeks to try to reverse androgenic alopecia, the common baldness that affects a high proportion of the population. It is estimated that 80% of men and 40% of women experience this form of hair loss throughout their lives, according to the data provided by the team responsible for the new study. The team induced alopecia in mice through the administration of dihydrotestosterone molecule (DHT), a compound that the human body produces naturally and whose proliferation is associated with hair loss. A combined technique. The new technique to reverse alopecia combines the use of stem cells derived from adipose tissue with the ATP molecule. As explained by the team responsible for testing the mechanism, this combination is capable of stimulating hair regeneration by adding to the regenerative capacity of the cells the energy push of the molecule. “This synergy favors the recovery of the hair follicle, promoting hair growth,” explained in a press release Eduardo López Bran, work co -author. A first success. As detailed by the team, the technique managed to reverse induced alopecia in 100% of males and 90% of females treated totally or partially. In both males and females, total hair recovery occurred in 50% of cases; While in the rest of the successful cases (50% in males and 40% in females), the reversion was qualified as “intense.” The details of the study were published In an article In the magazine Stem Cell Research & Therapy. Continue with the trials. For now the trials have only been performed with animal models. This indicates that the way to confirm the effectiveness and safety of this human treatment is long and lacking any guarantee of success. Despite this, the results are “promising” for the team, so in the future we could see new essays, this time in people as participants. In Xataka | The industry wants us not to fall hair never again. And it is getting closer to getting it Image | Abraham Sánchez Martínez

Bitcoin encryption and other cryptocurrencies will fall. And those responsible will be quantum computers

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Experts Quantum computing They have known for several years that quantum computers will end classical cryptography. One of them, Juan José García Ripoll, a researcher at the Institute of Fundamental Physics of the Higher Council for Scientific Research (CSIC) who develops his research activity within the quantum information group and foundations of quantum theory, He warned us During the conversation we had with him in October 2019. That moment arrived in May 2024. A team of researchers from the University of Shanghai (China) led by Professor Wang Chao used a D-Wave quantum computer for I successfully violate the SPN encryption (Substitation-Permutation Network), which is a cryptographic algorithm that is used to encrypt information. This encryption is the cornerstone of, for example, the AES standard (Advanced Encryption Standard), which is used a lot. These scientists published the result of their research in An interesting article entitled “Public Cryptographic Attack Algorithm based on quantum processing with the advantage of D-Wave”. Interestingly, Professor Wang Chao and his team used two strategies to carry out their attack on cryptographic algorithms. The first one consists of broad strokes to deliver to the quantum computer the combination of an optimization problem and another search. Quantum machines are very effective when solving these challenges. And the second strategy consists in combining Schnorr’s algorithm, Babai rounding and a quantum method of optimization. In any case, the most interesting thing is that these Chinese scientists concluded that AES-256 and other military degree encryption algorithms are closer than ever to be violated. Google says that quantum machines will break the encryption of cryptocurrencies During my conversation with Juan José García Ripoll I did not let the opportunity to ask what would happen when quantum computers were able to violate the most advanced encryption technologies we currently use. “In principle, quantum computers will make the encryption algorithms that we use. For this reason there is a research area in mathematics and cryptography: cryptography resistant to quantum computers. It is a very difficult field of work. The alternative to the fact that many codes can break with quantum computers is to use quantum systems for cryptography,” Ripoll holds. An RSA integer of 2,048 bits can be factor in less than a week with a quantum computer of less than one million cubits The course of time has proved him right. And it is that several Google researchers less than a week ago They published an entry In the blog dedicated to the security of this American company in which they support a crucial premise: an integer RSA (Rivest – Shamir – Adleman) of 2,048 bits can factor in less than a week with a quantum computer of less than one million cubits. One of the most advanced quantum processors that currently exist, IBM Condor Chipagglutina 1,121 superconductor cubits, so it is evident that we still do not have quantum machines with the necessary power to violate RSA encryption. However, they could be ready before we suspect. The quantum machine described by Google researchers use noisy cubits, and IBM’s official itinerary argues that ‘Starling’, its first quantum hardware endowed with the ability to correct their own mistakes, It will arrive in 2029. Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana and the other modern cryptocurrencies use a cryptography technique known as elliptical curve that is more robust, efficient and difficult to break than RSA, but its mathematical foundations are similar to those of the latter encryption algorithm. In fact, according to Google scientists signed by the article that I have mentioned above, if the future quantum computers will cost them less than initially breaking the RSA encryption, the cryptography of elliptical curve will also fall with relative ease. It is still not clear What capabilities will have to have quantum machines which will be able to violate this encryption technique, but According to a research group from Kent University (United Kingdom), Bitcoin can update the encryption of the entire network without “turning it off” in approximately ten months. Image | IBM More information | Google In Xataka | China manufactures quantum computers as if it were life in it. Its best plant is capable of producing eight at the same time

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