china

A perfect storm is hitting wind energy in almost everyone. Less in China

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Wind energy has gone from being the great hope of Europe to be in the shadow of photovoltaic solar. Deserted auctions, paralyzed projects waiting for permits and bottlenecks in network connections are an increasingly common reality for the sector both in the old continent and in the United States. But in the midst of this perfect storm, an exception called China is able to completely distort global statistics. Wind in the West. Europe installed 16.4 GW of wind capacity in 2024, a figure lower than the expected Windeurope It attributes endless administrative delays and increasingly complicated financial conditions, especially for inflation in the supply chain. Projects Judicially blockeddeserted auctions … Nothing that the United States is not experiencing on the other side of the Atlantic. A few weeks ago, the US government canceled an investment of 679 million dollars to adapt the ports to the offshore wind industry, an infrastructure without which the huge components of marine wind turbines cannot be assembled or transported. Before, the Trump administration had paralyzed the construction of almost finished wind farms For the alleged espionage from China. Meanwhile, in China. If wind energy facilities grew 13% in 2024 it was almost exclusively thanks to Chinese demand. Excluding China from the equation, The market contracted 16%. Only Chinese manufacturers continue to beat orders records, and there are no signs that this will change this year. According to a Bloomberg reportChina monopolizes approximately 75% of all new offshore wind energy facilities in 2025. The Asian country dominates the world production of components and enjoys greater investments thanks to the agility of permits and financial support of the Communist Party, which establishes very low interest rates for these companies. A two -speed transition. The result is an energy transition that advances at radically different rhythms. While Europe and the United States collide with economic reality and government changes, China meets its objectives and almost completely dominate the supply chain. We are living The fastest energy change in historybut not all countries can advance at the same speed. This imbalance is also one of the reasons why Solar energy has eaten the ground to wind in pioneer regions in the sector, such as Europe. The installation of panels (most manufactured in China) is cheaper and more simple, both at the logistics level and permits, than the wind turbine industry that once Europe led. Image | Siemens Gamesa In Xataka | One of the most arid areas in China is reverde. The reason: a plant with seven million solar panels

China has made Tiktok a currency

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Madrid has been the place where something historical has happened. Something unpublished. The first “technological barter” of the new commercial era between the United States and China. Both powers have agreed a frame (one “Framework “) For Tiktok to pass to American control. The difference is what each part has decided to communicate to its citizenship, although we have heard the rest of the world. And that says a lot about the priorities of each country. Why is it important. China has turned Tiktok into the horse of a chess where he no longer gives technological concessions, but changes them for economic access. US Treasury Secretary Scott Besent has confirmed the “Frame for an agreement on Tiktok“, But the real conditions will be known when the call between Trump and Xi Jinping arrives next Friday 19. Between the lines. The statements of both countries show divergent strategies: The United States focuses on national security and property. China Emphasize the “Chinese characteristics” of the algorithm and the “intellectual property rights”. This difference is not accidental: China is establishing that its technology has commercial value, not just regulatory. The time chosen to announce antimonopoly research against Nvidia is not coincidence either. China He has accused Huang giant to violate competition laws related to Its acquisition of Mellanox in 2019. He Timing He speaks for himself: in Madrid he was negotiating about Tiktok, but China also wanted to remember that he also has ways to pressure US technology companies. The context. This is the fourth round of conversations in four months between the two world economic powers. The American tariffs to Chinese products They have oscillated between 145% and current 30%. China maintains 10% on US products. The next tariff pause expires in November. Two months seen adding urgency and pressure to negotiations. Growing pressure. Research to Nvidia is the best example of an uncomfortable new reality: Western technology companies depend more on China as a market than China of them as suppliers. China represents 13% of Nvidia’s total salesand the company has failed to send Your H20 chips specifically designed for the Chinese market for US regulatory obstacles. Evolutionary. The Tiktok agreement could sit for a precedent for future technological negotiations. China has indicated that you could license intellectual property rights, including algorithms, instead of completely transferring technology. This model would allow a certain control over technology while meeting the US demands. And now what. Commercial details are still a secret, but some analysts cited by BBC They suggest that Oracle could be part of the buyer consortium. The fire test will be whether the agreement manages to give a folder to concerns about national security, or if you simply make up for changes in paper property. The next commercial conversations, scheduled for a month, will determine if this technological exchange model by economic access extends to other sectors. China has already shown that you can use its antitrust regulations as a pressure tool. And that makes the Chinese market a commercial weapon as effective as US tariffs. Outstanding image | Solen Feyissa In Xataka | China has been hoarding copper for months. And the rest of the world are dedicating ourselves to look

A very rare element of the periodic table is unleashing a new geopolitical battle with China: Germanio

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China has been weaving, little by little, a network of power around critical minerals: first Rare earthsafter Copper And now Germanio. Although its name barely says anything to the general public, this metal is essential for the defense industry – from the night vision systems of the fighters to the satellites – and for the optical fibers that support the Internet. Today there is almost no market, its price has been quintupled in two years and the origin of the collapse has a clear name: Beijing. The origin of the crisis. Two years ago, China announced controls At the exit of Germanio, Gallium and Antimony in response to the restrictions of the United States and the Netherlands on advanced semiconductors. However, the real blow arrived at the end of 2024: Germanio’s exports collapsed, leaving merchants without supply. Terence Bell, from Strategic Metal Investments, I recognized Financial Times That had been able to buy a gram six months. “The situation is desperate,” he said. Aaron Jerome, from Lipmann Walton & Co, described a devastated market: “Before we could buy 100 kilos; now we are lucky if we got 10, and the triple price.” And Christian Hell, from the Tradition Commercial House, added to the same medium that the demand was “for the clouds” and that he received desperate consultations of companies from the United States and Europe. The figures confirm the collapse. According to a Policy Accelator Silverado analysis cited by Financial Timesbetween January and July of this year, Germanio imports to the United States from China fell 40%. The result has been an unprecedented price escalation: just $ 1,000 in 2023 to almost $ 5,000 in September this year. This is the highest level registered since 2011. A strategic role. The importance of Germanio is not in its geological rarity, but that it is very difficult to extract, since it is obtained as a zinc and coal byproduct. In addition, its use in defense is irreplaceable for thermal image systems in fighters, drones and satellites. In the civil sector, it is used in optical fiber, solar panels and chips. “Finding substitute materials is complicated, because it would imply a complete redesign and a loss of unacceptable precision in military applications,” explained the analyst Caroline Messecar in Financial Times. For these reasons, According to estimates from the Fastmarkets agencyworld demand is around 180-200 tons per year of Germanio. One more piece of a much wider board. In Beijing they have converted critical minerals into geopolitical weapons. At the end of 2024, They prohibited export from Gallium, Antimony and Germanio to the United States, and shortly after added Scandio and Disposioessential in chips, telecommunications and storage. The strategy behind the Asian giant is to monopolize the control of the entire chain. To name a few examples, China has 4% of world copper reserves, but controls 49% of the global refining. “More than accumulating raw materials, China is building an intentional bottleneck in the supply chain,” My partner has detailed in Xataka. The same goes for the Tungsten, where it controls 83% of the world supply and tightened the export controls in February 2025, What fired prices 55%. In simple words: Beijing seeks to be essential. It controls the most valuable link – the defendant – and with it conditions global access to strategic metals of the 21st century. However, its power is not absolute: it depends on importing concentrates from countries such as Chile, Peru or Mexico. If any of those partners change position – Mexico, for example, 50% tariffs have already imposed Chinese products in 2025-, Beijing risks a cut of vital supplies. In addition, this control strategy has a price: Chinese copper foundations work with negative margins and some have had to close. A movement to counterreloj. Before the blockade, Germanio’s great consumers try to move quickly. On the one hand, in the United States, defense giant Larkheed Martin signed in August a direct agreement with the South Korea Zinc to ensure supply, something unpublished so far. Lightpath Technologies, with government support, works in optical alternatives, although its director Sam Rubin warns in ft: “No one is going to redesign an existing system until it is inevitable.” On the other hand, the options are scarce. Umicore in Belgium and Teck Resources in Canada produce some Germanio, but insufficient. Germany He already warns thatif the crisis lasts, its automotive industry could stop part of the production in a matter of weeks. The European Chamber of Commerce has even asked Beijin to release supplies for chips factories. The historical supplier, Russia, has also been out of the board. For years it was one of Germanio’s main sources for the West, thanks to its production associated with zinc and coal mining. However, international sanctions for the Ukraine War cut that flow almost completely. Moscow continues to produce, but its exports are now directed to China and countries that do not participate in the sanctions, According to FT. For the United States and Europe, that means having lost another supply route in the worst possible time, which has further reinforced Beijing’s domain. Looking to the future. In Germany, a group of researchers from the Technical University of Freiberg Work in a method surprising: extract Germanio from plants after fermentation processes for biogas. At the moment, they only achieve some milligrams per liter, but they aspire to reach a gram, which would open the door to a sustainable and local production. From anonymity to key element. Germanio has become a symbol of a new era: that of minerals as strategic weapons. As Financial Times has pointed outdemand does not stop growing while the offer narrows. And the lesson is clear: in an electrified and militarized world, who controls critical minerals will control power. Image | Freepik and Unspash Xataka | Nickel’s paradox: West needs it more than ever for electrification, but China and Indonesia have market dominance

The ‘Great Chinese Firewall’ is no longer just from China. Now it is sold as a digital repression platform to other countries

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A mass filtration of 500 GB of data in the form of more than 100,000 documents has exposed a disturbing initiative. A startup called Geedge Networks is selling to governments around the world censorship systems modeled from “China Great Firewall“. There are at least three countries that are already applying restrictive measures similar to those of the Chinese government. What happened. The leaked documents By interseclab They reveal how one of the investors in Geedge Networks is Fang Binxing, one of the “Parents” of the “Great Cortaygos of China”. Researchers have discovered that the startup markets an advanced surveillance platform that includes hardware for data centers and Software for local officials. Intercepting everything. The central component of that platform is the so -called “Tiangou Secure Gateway” (TSG), a tool that acts as a gateway and that is installed in the data centers to process the Internet traffic of an entire country. All these data scan when this component is passed, and from there it is filtered and can be blocked so that it does not reach its destination. If the traffic is not encrypted, you can intercept and collect passwords and email addresses. If it is, it makes use of deep inspection systems of packages and automatic learning to detect and block tools that avoid these censorship systems, especially VPN. Three countries already have their own “Great Firewall”. A consortium formed by media and human rights organizations (such as Amnesty International) identified that this platform is active in Kazakhstan, Pakistan, Ethiopia and Myanmar. In Geedge Networks they have published job offers for engineers willing to travel to countries such as Malaysia, Bahrain, Algeria and India, and are also hiring Spanish and French translators, which makes it clear that the startup is developing an important expansion strategy. TSG control panel capture for Myanmar showing real -time traffic categorized in total bandwidth and active connections. Source: Interseclab. An example of control: Myanmar. In a filtered capture the TSG control panel for Myanmar And it looks how the system was monitoring 81.6 million Internet connections simultaneously. In February 2024, Geedge hardware equipment had been installed in 26 data centers and 13 ISPS of Myanmar. There, 281 popular VPN tools were identified and the blockade of 54 of them was prioritized, including Expressvpn or Signal. Growing suspicions. Although researchers warn that documents are not a definitive proof that this system is causing specific blockages, Geeedge’s records show strong correlations with certain important events of the past. In Ethiopia for example the TSG system changed passive monitoring mode to “active detention” of traffic just a few days before a remarkable internet blackout that It occurred in February 2023. There are other cases in which connectivity problems in these countries have coincided with events registered in TSG in filtered documents. And incidentally, new Digitgal repression techniques in China. Among the leaked documents are also spoken of an active project in the Xingiang region, in China. There the startup has collaborated with Chinese research institutions to test a distributed firewall model instead of using a centralized one. There are also alarming experimental functions such as the ability to create relationships between users, group individuals according to applications that use or triangular the location of users through mobile base stations. And the dreaded punctuation systems. There is also a prototype in which a kind of Score for the reputation of each userand that would apply individually. Each user would have a base score and to increase it would have to add personal data such as their national identification, data that allow facial recognition or employment details. If this score does not exceed a certain limit – or decreased due to the use of a VPN detected and prohibited, for example – the Internet access would be denied to the citizen. Government malware. Another of the threats posed by this system is Geedge’s ability to Inject malware In user traffic. An operator could identify which website visit a user and, if it does not use a safe protocol (HTTPS), could inject malware directly into that connection. The researchers explain that although these experimental options are being tested in China, once the technology is mature, any foreign client can request those same functions on their platform to update it and have it available. Image | Ran Liwen In Xataka | The ‘China Great Firewall’ becomes even harder and blocks all TLS 1.3 traffic with ESNI to avoid aisos to prohibited destinations

China has been hoarding copper for months. And the rest of the world are dedicating ourselves to look

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After the Rare earthChina has made copper its new geopolitical weapon. It only produces 4% of world reserves, but already controls 49% of the world refining and is buying raw materials at an industrial scale. Why is it important. More than accumulating raw materials, China is building an intentional bottleneck in the most strategic metal supply chain of the 21st century. Copper is indispensable for AI data centers, electric cars, solar panels and electrical networks. Who controls your refining will control the technological transition worldwide. In figures. The numbers are overwhelming: This mathematics is only possible to buy into mass abroad: import minerals from Chile and Peru, and junk of the United States. Then he processes everything in its low -cost melters. The general panoramic. The Chinese strategy shows sophistication that goes far beyond commercial opportunism. He has created a refining infrastructure distributed throughout the country (Jiangxi, Anhui, Guangxi, Shandong, Jiangsu) that can process any type of copper mineral at prices that no competitor can match. USA is exporting concentrates and scrap metalbut it does not have that refining capacity. Instead, China imports them, processes and turns finished products. Between the lines. He Timing This accumulation is not accidental. It coincides with the escalation of commercial tensions with the United States and the strategic approach to Afghanistan, which has large copper deposits. For China, controlling copper refining is an insurance policy in the face of a possible naval block of its commercial routes with Chile, Peru and Australia. Afghanistan thus becomes its only safe terrestrial source of copper. Yes, but. This strategy has a hidden cost that is already being manifested. Chinese foundations operate with negative margins due to the scarcity of copper ore and excess refining capacity. Some have already closed or suspended operations. The Syomine company has paralyzed its Namibia plantGlencore closed its foundry of the Philippines. China is paying a high economic price to maintain its dominant position. At stake. The commercial war is spreading to copper. Mexico has imposed 50% tariffs on Chinese products After Trump’s pressures, and China has threatened with reprisals. Mexico contributes 5% of Chinese copper mineral imports. If China cuts these imports, Southern Copper and the entire Mexican sector will suffer. But China needs each ton of available mineral. The money trail. Investors They have put 2.3 billion dollars in copper funds this year45% more than in 2024. They recognize the obvious: there is scarcity and China controls the refining tap. Accumulating copper is also a financial commitment in a deficit market. China has played a master letter. He turned his lack of own deposits in industrial domain: controls the refining, the link that adds the most value. But it has an Achilles heel that is to depend on importing minerals from countries that can become enemies. It is the dilemma of power in a fractured world: you need those who can betray you. In Xataka | Baidu is no longer satisfied with being the Chinese Google. His new AI model also wants to turn it into China Openai Outstanding image | Joanna Kosinska

The US has reached a dead end. To rearm to China’s threat, he needs the help of a nation: China

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What began Like a secret In the army he has jumped to the first flat of the nation: the pentagon has reacted afternoon and bad To the revolution of the drones. While Ukraine and Russia integrate at dizzying rhythm Cheap, disposable and effective platforms, and China You don’t know what to do With as many drones, Washington is entangled in procedures, inherited priorities and a culture of acquisitions that treats drones as “new airplanes” and not as low cost ammunition and mass production. In the background, a dead end: to anticipate the Chinese threat need … China. Revolution. The contemporary battlefield has been marked by a CStructural Ambio: Cheap, mass and disposable drones have become the decisive asymmetric weapon, capable of altering the balance of power between large and small powers. Ukraine, with one constant creativity And an incessant flow of adaptations, has shown that an army with limited resources can neutralize armored, strategic airplanes and russian logistics lines by swarms of short and medium reach drones. And delay. Meanwhile, the Pentagon, despite publicly recognizing the threat, maintains A dangerous delay. The statement of General James Mingus, who compared the current drones with the devastating impact of the improvised explosive artifacts in Iraq, Synthesizes the dilemma: This is the “FDE today”, a transformative weapon against which the United States has not yet reacted with the necessary urgency. Strategic blindness. They tell The analysts of the country that history is repeated. During the years of the insurgency in Iraq and Afghanistan, thousands of soldiers died while the Department of Defense delayed the adoption of the Mrap vehiclesarmored designed for Resist FDIuntil the pressure of Robert Gates He broke the internal resistances. Today, the same pattern It is observed with drones. The rigid structure of the pentagon, obsessed with large programs as the F-35strategic submarines or The Sentinel missilesmarginalizes the cheap and fast solutions that make a difference in the field. There is talk of initiatives such as The Replicator program or of record budgets for research in autonomous weapons, but the reality is that, in front of the millions of drones that China could produce and the monthly thousands that Russia already displays, the United States barely has prototypes and promises. Presentation of Lucas, the Made in USA copy of the Shaheds, or almost The awkward mirror: the Shahed. We have gone counting. The weapon that best reflects that gap is The Shahed-136renamed Geran by Russia. Born as an Iranian clone of Israeli designs, it has become the most influential mercupy ammunition of the 21st century. With an approximate cost of $ 50,000, A autonomy of up to 1,600 kilometers and the ability to carry loads of 20 to 40 kilos, combines simplicity with strategic efficacy. In Russian hands, it already occurs at an industrial scale And it has been perfected with more range variants, better tight sensors and loads. Faced with the millions of cruise missile, Shahed is the pure expression of the war economy: cheap, abundant and devastating. The fact that the United States does not have an equivalent produced by mass constitutes a Strategic negligence symptom. The double error. On the one hand, the Pentagon has ignored the need to adopt massively short -range dronesof the FPV type, which in Ukraine have become the Common soldier weaponcapable of extending the scope of an infantry squad from 800 meters to more than 12 kilometers. On the other, it has dismissed for years the importance of long -range ammunition low costentrusting in expensive and limited missile arsenals. This double error points to a mentality anchored in past warsunable to accept that innovation does not reside in the exquisite, but in the numerous. The US army still does not have formations dedicated to drones, or new military specialties focused on them. The doctrine barely begins to adapt and pilot programs advance at a ridiculous speed compared to the rhythm of Ukrainian innovation. Russian Shaheds Factory China and recover lost time. The proposal of the most realistic analysts It is clear: United States needs, without delay, standardize Two drone designs long -range kamikaze. The first, about 1,600 km, cheap and massive, would serve both in Europe and in the First Pacific Islands chain. The second, more than 3,000 km, would be crucial to, for example, hit from the second island chain to the interior of China, even after the establishment of Bubble A2/AD. Both, complemented with variations in useful loads and guidance systems, would guarantee tactical flexibility and a deterrent volume. Without this capacity, the United States would enter any greater conflict with a ridiculously insufficient arsenal against tens of thousands of enemy threats. The logic of wear. The value of these weapons does not only reside in their destructive capacity. His strength lies in the economic equation: they force the adversary to spend millions in interceptors for each device which costs just tens of thousands. The “effector depletion” thus becomes a strategic weapon: saturate enemy defenses until their missile arsenals and force them to cover a spectrum of threats impossible to handle. Even a drone that never reaches its objective fulfills its function to the Force the enemy to shoot. Ukraine lo has demonstrated by forcing Russia to disperse anti -aircraft defenses against improvised swarms; The same logic, multiplied by tens of thousands of units, could turn the balance against China or Russia. The Chinese problem. The underlying problem is industrial disability. And here comes one of the paradoxes of the situation: the United States depends almost completely on the nation of which he intends to defend himself. And is that It depends on China for everythingfrom batteries to basic motors and materials. Its acquisition structure, designed for the slow rhythms of the cold war, is not prepared to produce quickly and decentralized. While the adversary itera versions in weeks, the Pentagon takes years to approve contracts. The solution: analysts aim to diversify production between dozens of medium and small companies, under a framework of standardized designs owned by the … Read more

China is selling us a future full of humanoid robots. We have (many) doubts

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The first “Olympic Robots Games” Humanoids in Beijing held last month put the focus on one of China’s most aggressive technological bets. And it is that between sports exhibitions and industrial demonstrations, the Asian giant demonstrated Your muscle in the creation of robots Humanoids However, we are at a point where robotics faces various problems that must be solved to count on the market with a reliable solution and worthwhile. And not everything is valid with promises. The strategy from China. Beijing has converted humanoid robotics into state priority. Its five -year plan for the robotic industry set at 2021 An annual growth greater than 20%, backed by a state fund of 140,000 million dollars for technological startups. The objective is none other than leading a sector that they consider “the next great technological revolution” after smartphones and electric vehicles. This year They hope to produce more than 10,000 robots Humanoids, with cities such as Shanghai, Shenzhen and Beijing concentrating investment and development. The perfect showcase. The recent “Olympic Games” for robots served as a demonstration of strength. One of the most prominent moments was when Unitree’s H1 robot completed 1,500 meters In 6 minutes and 34 seconds, reaching 4.78 m/Sy surpassing the Atlas of Boston Dynamics. But the detail that many overlooked is the fact that these robots did not operate autonomously, but were controlled by human operators. The blow of reality. While China exhibits records and opens “robot mall” in Beijing, The first 4S store For humanoids that promise in the same place sales, spare parts, service and monitoring, many experts prefer to be cautious. “I don’t think anyone has found an application for humanoids that requires several thousand robots by installation,” Point out Melonee Wise, former product director in Agility Robotics, for IEEE. There is a real lack of demand, and that is the first obstacle to large -scale manufacture of humanoid robots. Rpending technical etos. Energy autonomy remains another problem. Agility Digit Robot You need 9 minutes of charge For every 90 minutes of operation, and in practice you must stop every 30 minutes to maintain a security reserve. Industrial reliability requires levels of 99.99%, far from current standards in multipurpose applications. And in terms of security, unique problems arise in this segment, since if for example we disconnect the feeding of a bípedo humanoid robot, which collapse an armatos of several tens of kilos complicates things. A market that It still does not exist. Although signatures like Bank of America Global Research They have predicted that 18,000 units will be sold in 2025 or that the figure reaches 1,000 million robots by 2050 in a 5 billion market, according to Morgan Stanley Researchthe reality is that today there are barely real commercial deployments. Even the most advanced companies in the sector only have a handful of robots that work in very controlled pilot tests. The applications that would justify these figures are, for now, speculative. The closest commercial launch of Europe. Faced with Chinese optimism, the European Neura Robotics also has an approach in that segment with 4ne1a domestic robot that the firm intends to launch for about 60,000 euros and is scheduled for 2026. Its CEO speaks of “doing robotics what the iPhone did for smartphones.” The domestic market, of course it is the one that until now could benefit from this type of robots, but an investment of that caliber is not something that anyone does. Known companies that bet in the long term. Chinese companies like Xiaomi and Honor They already diversify Towards the humanoid robots segment following the Amazon model: Lose money now to dominate later. Given a sector as saturated as that of smartphones, it is a strategy that makes all the meaning, although it requires that promises end up materializing in useful and profitable products. Hype or revolution? China is massively investing in creating a market that still does not exist, trusting that artificial intelligence will solve the problems of autonomy, reliability and practical utility of robots. “The reality is that AI is not robust enough to meet market requirements”, assures Wise It is clear that today the ability of humanoid robots is very limited, but time will say if its evolution will end up awakening a current market. Cover image | China Daily In Xataka | You cannot climb to the Madrid subway with an electric scooter. In China’s, robots are already a passenger

His name is Run-ri, they come from China and they are transforming the capital of Japan

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Last February they were revealed Several graphics They found two things. What Japan is living a boom of “foreigners” arrivals As it is not remembered, and that this volume of travelers has triggered a flag above others: China. Then it was known that Japanese art schools had become In “Passport” For young Chinese, and who began to give them neighborhoods with Chinese than Japanese. Now the run-ri has landed. The birth of a phenomenon. I explained it a few days ago The Financial Times. The massive arrival of the Chinese middle class to Tokyo has resulted in an unexpected and deep phenomenon. What began as individual decisions, motivated by the search for stability, personal freedom and a safer life for their children, has become a migratory wave baptized as run-riterm that combines the idea of ​​prosperity and flight with the word Japan. Unlike previous migratory waves from China, these families arrive With considerable assetsa marked obsession with education and the firm conviction that Tokyo offers a more fair, rational and balanced environment than contemporary China. The 2020 pandemic and Shanghai’s confinement in 2022 acted as Psychological inflection point: Many discovered that the State could ignore the middle class, and decided to escape towards a perceived country as stable, safe and without extreme nationalisms. Tokyo as a refuge. Japan, despite his economic stagnation From decades, it offers social peace, reliable medical services, safe streets and an open education system in a context of Birth in collapse. That has facilitated the integration of thousands of Chinese children In public schools in Tokyoalthough he has also created an environment of fierce competition academic among newcomers. The epicenter of this transformation It’s bunkyodistrict that has become an educational and residential pole of this new diaspora. However, this concentration also generates tensions. The Times told Cases of some immigrants, such as CAO, an executive who sought to move again to escape the same rivalries and community dynamics that fled in China. Economic impact and effects. Chinese capital flow has caused a remarkable rise In real estate prices From Tokyo, especially in exclusive neighborhoods such as Azabu, Aoyama or Toyosu Bay. Real estate in luxury towers are sold up to 20% to buyers with Chinese names, and the Toyota Alphard It has become a status aspirational symbol among newcomers. For some, Tokyo is investment and second residencefor others, a definitive retreat. At the same time, a network of clandestine banks facilitates capital exit From China to Japanwith backpacks full of yen changed discreetly in improvised offices. This money circuit, in which families of High Chinese officialsunderlines the magnitude and complexity of the phenomenon. The cultural dimension. Plus: Run-ri is not limited to the economic. Together with high -level businessmen and professionals, a growing number of intellectuals and dissidents It is installed in Tokyo. Libraries Like Nowhere Party or One Way Street They have become spaces of freedom where prohibited books circulate in China and critical debates with Beijing are organized. Some, like him dissident jiathey find in the Japanese capital a shelter to live without fear, although they also feel the weight of having abandoned the political struggle in their country. The convergence of Chinese wealth and intellectual capital in Tokyo is configuring A unique community that mixes economic ambitions with cultural and political drives, to the point that analysts warn that Beijing could increase its surveillance on these networks. Japan, between opportunity and suspicion. For an aged country and in demographic declinethe arrival of these immigrants could become a revulsive, providing entrepreneurial energy and new innovation networks. Some economists even speak of the birth of Japan as a “migratory superpower”capable of integrating foreign talent without formally opening its doors. Of course, not everything is optimism: nationalist parties already They have warned of the risk of a real estate bubble caused by Chinese buyers, and sectors of the Japanese population perceive as humiliating that richer citizens of the neighboring country challenge the historical status of Japan as the most prosperous nation of Asia. Uncertain future. In short, the Run-ri phenomenonalthough incipient, its magnitude grows at a dizzying pace: it is estimated that in 2025 the Chinese in Japan They will reach the million. If the nation manages to manage this flow without becoming a cultural and economic shock, Tokyo could be consolidated as the largest integration laboratory of the new Chinese elite abroad. On the contrary, if it does not, the rise of social and political tensions could tarnish what for thousands of families has become the “Bolthole of the rising sun ”: a shelter to rebuild their lives away from a Beijing that they no longer feel like a home. Image | Pexels, Shankar s. In Xataka | A phenomenon that has already happened in New York is spreading throughout Japan: neighborhoods with younger than Japanese In Xataka | The Chinese are traveling in mass to Japan and not just for tourism. Many of them arrive so as not to return

Latin America has begun its railway rebirth and there is someone very interested: China

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The appearance of the railroad and the Expansion of your infrastructure It marked a point and apart. It was the beginning of a new era of mobility for people and, above all, for goods. However, it did not develop at the same speed worldwide. The US prioritized goods against travelers, while Europe, Japan either China They focused on the population movement. In Latin America, history is somewhat more complicated, but they want to catch up with dozens of projects and billions under their arm. It is already considered as the railway reborn in Latin America, and China has a lot to say. Difficulties. Talking about Latin America as a single entity is wrong, but there are elements that many of their countries share, and one is the topography. They are territories that have great natural obstacles such as mountains and jungles that would have to be overcome. They also have a geographical dispersion Great, raising costs when connecting farther and more isolated regions. It is a very different situation from that of the great European or American plains. Priorities. There are not just problems Logistics: The priorities when developing the first networks were not the current ones. Instead of thinking about ways of bringing people from one place to another with ease or creating large merchandise nuclei that nourish with a large railway network, many of the lines were born with a very concrete objective: connect agricultural or mining farms with export ports. The priority was to move the material outside the country, so a comprehensive network was not designed (in many cases) that moved goods and passengers between large cities or countries, leaving unconnected systems that are not very useful for internal transport. Obviously, the privatizationpolitical conflicts and state weakness fragmented all plans, causing a long -term lack of vision, in some cases, which prevented optimal development of networks. Change of course. For example, Argentina, Mexico or Brazil lived the railway boom at the beginning of the 20th century, but once that period spent, many systems came into decline and succumbed to disconnection. However, things are changing. One of the greatest examples is Mayan trainthe great tourist project of Mexico that, using old tours, sought to create a tour of some of the country’s largest archaeological treasures to put them in value and Promote tourism Without heating your head with trips. It is not the only project. Recently, the administration of Claudia Sheinbaum said he plans to launch some 3,000 kilometers of paths for passenger transportconnecting the main cities of the interior of Mexico with Texas and Arizona. In other countries such as Argentina -16 billion dollars in modernization of roads with financing of CAF and Chinese companies-, Chile and Peru -with the corridor of the Peruvian coastal network and Metro and Tram- or Colombia projects, steps are also being taken for that modernization, but if Mexico handles one of the largest projects, that of Brazil is not far behind. Latin America is dreaming big. There are multiple rail initiatives. Most countries seek to improve and modernize their rail systems to build non -pollutant networks, “Héctor Varela, CAF Transport Specialist Colossal. It is estimated that the Latin American giant has 50 planned projects for those who will need 81,600 million dollars and, in addition to Metro projects, highlights the expansion of its passenger network and something that compared to the Panama Canalbut of the trains. The first, the country wants to expand its transport network of 2,007 kilometers up to 4,500 kilometers by 2054. Bioceanic Ferrovia. On the other hand, we have a project that has become One of the most ambitious of South America. The Bioceanic Ferroviaor bioceanic rail corridor, It will be a line which will unite Pacific and Atlantic connecting the port of Santos in Brazil with that of Bayóvar in Peru. It will cross key territories from Brazil, Bolivia and Chile with a total of 3,700 kilometers of roads and with possible ramifications to Paraguay and Argentina. The objective is to transport more than 10 million tons of goods per year (with the focus on agricultural product and strategic goods such as minerals). It is that “Panama Canal by train ”that will help reinforce trade between these countries, but also allow China to move rapid merchandise to and from Brazil. In fact, China plays a role central both in financing and in the conception of megaproject, since it is a form of position themselves strategically in the region. Challenges and pocket. In total, it is estimated that Latin America has 155 rail projects on the table, with an estimated investment of 384,000 million dollars until 2050. As we read in BnamericasIn addition, this need for money is distributed quite equitably among the different countries: Brazil would need 81,600 million dollars. Colombia 74.2 billion dollars. Peru about 63.9 billion dollars. Mexico another 63,200 million dollars. These are the estimates of the Development Bank of Latin America and the Caribbean, but also of money, land and climatic conditions will be a challenge. In recent months, in one of the segments they had to paralyze The works due to rainfall that exceeded 1,000 milliliters, but in addition, very mountainous areas that will make construction will have to go through, although some sections are estimated They will start to work in 2028. Likewise, taking into account that it is an unprecedented work, colossal interstate coordination is also required that can be affected if there are changes of government and a last minute revenue. Images | Terra Chillán, The Guille! In Xataka | If something has taught us summer is that Spain does not need more trains. Simply need to work

delays reserves in China at the last moment

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Apple had prepared an impeccable global launch for its new iPhone Air. However, China is a market that has decided to wait, marking a contrast to the rest of the world. Your total commitment to esim It now faces a scenario that requires coordination with the operators and the approval of the regulators. What should be a millimeter presentation begins with a stumbling block that exposes the complexity of this movement. In 2022, Apple marked a turning point in the United States by launching the full range of iPhone 14 No SIM card slot. Outside that country, the models continued to arrive with a physical tray, which made the United States a laboratory for the transition to ESIM. Three years later, the company has taken another step with the iPhone Air: the first model that dispenses with physical sim at the global level. Apple announced on September 9 that the device could be reserved since 12 and would reach stores on September 19 in more than 63 countries and regions. The total commitment to Esim stumbles in a market as important as complex Continental China is the only market where the iPhone Air has not been able to comply with the announced calendar. Apple details that only The A35181 model admits ESIM in that country, and that its use is conditioned to the approval of the regulators. To activate the device, customers must go to a store by China Mobile, China Telecom or China Unicom and present an official identity document. The company also clarifies that it is not possible to install ESIM profiles of other operators while the phone is in Chinese territory. The Asian giant remains a key market for Apple despite recent ups and downs. In 2024, iPhone sales there reached 38.5 million units, with higher average prices than in other countries and a very faithful user base, collect action. In the second quarter of 2025, Sales grew by 8% year -on -yearthe first rebound since 2023, promoted by previous discounts and government aids that favored sales of the iPhone 16E. Even so, Apple occupies the fifth place in market share, behind Huawei, Xiaomi, Vivo and Oppo. Apple website view in China: original text (above) and automatically translated version with Google Lens (below) The elimination of the SIM tray not only affects the experience of use: it has also allowed Apple redesign the interior of the iPhone 17 to increase battery size in models sold in the United States. This adjustment translates into greater autonomy with respect to international versions, which maintain the space of the slot. How our Applesfera companions tellthe iPhone 17 Pro and Pro Max marketed outside that country They offer two hours less use than their American equivalents. The strategy reflects how the transition to Esim has implications that go beyond connectivity. The new iPhone Air While China adjusts its calendar, the rest of the world advances unchanged. Apple confirmed on September 9 that the iPhone Air will be launched on September 19 in more than 63 countries and regions, with open reserves from the 12th. Among the initial markets are Spain, the United States, Japan and Mexico, which reinforces the overall scope of the device. This launch also marks an important step for the massive adoption of the Digital Sim card. The launch of the iPhone Air in China will now depend on the speed with which the regulators approve the support of ESIM and the capacity of the operators to guarantee a fluid activation. Apple has indicated that it works with the authorities to Start distribution as soon as possible, According to Sina Technology. Meanwhile, as we can see in the catches above, The official page maintains the message that “The sales information will be updated later,” which leaves buyers waiting. The outcome will mark if this technological transition manages to consolidate without major stumbling. Images | Apple + Photoshop | Screen capture In Xataka | Movistar Swap is official: all the details of the new program to renew your iPhone

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