Mobile Tech & Gadgets

9 steps to guarantee higher quality and better sources

by

Let’s tell you 9 ways in which you can improve the answers of Chatgptmaking artificial intelligence use better sources to improve information. Because the quality of the answers depends largely on how you formulate Promptso some variations or added to your question can improve the sources. What we are going to do in this article is to summarize several techniques that you can use or added for your Prompts. This is designed for chatgpt, but they are elements that you can also incorporate into your prompts of COPILOT, Gemini, Grok or any other artificial intelligence chatbot. Don’t talk to him as if he were Google Chatgpt process your text differently from Googleand intelligence chats in general do it differently from search engines. An AI is trained to process the natural text, so you do not need to write using only keywords. This means that you should forget to write with loose words so that the search engine detects those words and finds content that contains them. With chatgpt Write what you want naturallyin the same way you would ask a person. It is clear about what you want to ask for The first measure to get chatgpt to respond in a better way is specify everything you can When asking a question. Your question has to be clear and precise, and take into account the context And the purpose of what you want to ask. For example, if you want to ask you to suggest a text to write an email, it is not the same to tell you that you simply want to tell you that email is “in English, to request work and with a professional tone where the skills are stand out “ When asking for information about something is the same, always try to specify everything you can. If you are looking for information about a specific product, the specific model, and so on. Avoid ambiguities and generalizationsand look for concrete things. Details, details, details With this I want to insist on the previous point. Don’t avoid details, don’t leave anything. If you are going to use chatgpt to compose an image, all the details will be taken into account, such as the types of clothing, facial features, the colors of the dresses, and so on. And when you ask you to generate a text, the details also matter. When creating texts is the same, All the details you can enrich will enrich the answer. You can tell who the text is directed, the purpose, and even the length that you want it or if you want it in summary or point by point. You can also give details when asking about an event, specifying which part of the event you want me to tell you, what event, what details. And so with everything you ask. Ask to use the structure you need When you are asking chatgpt to compose a text, you can have you A purpose or a structure In mind, but the result of AI could be very different. Therefore, it is important that if you have a structure in mind, mentions in the prompt. For example, you may want the AI ​​to tell you the differences between two mobiles, or make a comparison. Well, it is not the same to simply ask for doing it by saying to tell you the points for and against each one. You can also ask that it be an academic document, that it has a determined format, that you use bullets, what you need. Adapt the explanations to you If you have asked Chatgpt to explain and define something you have no idea, but You don’t understand the explanation too much Or it seems too complicated, you can adapt it to explain it to you in a much simpler way. Something classic that I make myself for the most complex concepts is to add something like “explicit it like a 10 -year -old child.” You can also adapt it to other ages. When you do this, chatgpt The terminology and examples will change to make them much simpler, basic and understandable. Define the sources you want Chatgpt and other similar bots have been trained with large information databases, and if you ask you a question you will look in this information in general to compose an answer. Therefore, it is important specify where you want me to take out the information When you ask you to answer something. For example, it is not the same to ask “what is climate change” than asking “explain to me what climate change is based on academic research and peer reviewed studies.” With this you are asking you not to draw the information from anywhere, but only of a specific type of more reliable source, and the time to give you the explanation will include appointments mentioning where it has taken it. Mentions specific institutions or media In addition to generic type types, you can also Ask to use concrete sources. This can be institutions or organisms, as well as web pages or specific media. You can also ask for authors or concrete studies. Because it is not the same to ask you to tell you the time you will do tomorrow to ask you to tell you the time you will do tomorrow “according to Aemet.” Nor is it the same to ask for medical information or do it “according to WHO” or “according to Harvard publications.” Ask to cite the sources In addition to telling you the type of sources you want to use, you can also Ask you to include appointments from these sources. For example, you can ask you to explain the evolution “citing Darwin’s studies and other recognized scientists.” In the answer you compose, you will. Ask for updated data Although ChatgPT has an Internet search engine and can search for updated information on the network, You will not always do this by defaultsince sometimes to give you an answer you can simply look … Read more

The car that hides an eVTOL in the trunk is very real and will be sold in China

by

We have been imagining the arrival of the flying car to our lives. Although this concept has advanced considerably, especially in recent years, the reality is that we are still far from seeing these vehicles as something accessible. For now, most are projects in the development phase or futuristic demonstrations, and they are still far from what we imagine in movies like ‘Blade Runner’ or video games like ‘Cyberpunk 2077’. A subsidiary of XPeng, a Chinese manufacturer with a presence in Europeis pushing a pretty unique idea. Instead of betting on a design with wheels and wings, something closer to what we usually imagine as a “flying car”, Xpeng AeroHT has developed a vehicle that can deploy an electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft). Sounds crazy, right? Well, the most surprising thing is that this project is already taking shape. The first demonstration of the Xpeng AeroHT vehicle before the public Xpeng AeroHT has advanced at full speed. The company first presented its project in October 2023. Back then, everything was a promise accompanied by very striking renders. But Xpeng AeroHTapparently, was serious when he said that he aspired to make his project a commercial product. Its engineers continued working to get the vehicle ready for its big day: the day of the first official demonstration before the public. This milestone took place at the 15th China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition, an event that took place in November 2024 where we learned, for example, the new new Chinese J-35A fighter. There, the founder of XPENG AEROHT, Zhao Deli, showed his company’s star in action. The vehicle stopped in front of the cameras and the crowd, deployed the eVTOL that was hidden in the “trunk” and someone climbed aboard the new multirotor. The latest from Xpeng AeroHT in testing in November 2024 Various tests were performed during the demonstration, such as linear acceleration at low altitude, spiral ascent, constant descent, and precision landing. Apparently, everything went as expected. An interesting point is that the test flight It was controlled at all times by autopilot. That is to say, although it is technically possible, the person on board the aerial module did not use the controls at any time. The latest from Xpeng AeroHT in testing in November 2024 Xpeng AeroHT says the eVTOL is capable of following planned routes automatically, returning to the starting point with a single touch and detecting obstacles around it. The manual control system is made up of a joystick that allows the user to fly with total freedom. The question at this point is what requirements the “pilot” must meet to fly this type of vehicle. We’ll have to wait to find out what local regulations say. Render of the most ambitious project of Xpeng AeroHT In any case, the company has not hesitated to ensure that users can learn to use manual control in five minutes and become experts with three hours of flight time. They do not mention whether it will be necessary to have the support of an instructor. Whether in mode manual or autonomousthe intelligent flight control and navigation system promises to ensure stability, keeping flight parameters within safe limits. And now, the big question: when can we buy the Xpeng AeroHT vehicle? The answer is that we will have to wait. The production line for this model is in production. According to the company, the works will be completed in the third quarter of this year and will allow the production of around 10,000 units per year. Deliveries should begin in 2026 in China. It remains to be seen if this product will reach other markets such as Europe. Images | Xpeng AeroHT In Xataka | XPeng believes that the solution to popularize the electric car is very simple: offer charges of 1 km per second

The new fever in China is mobile series with one-minute episodes. And they prepare their landing outside Asia

by

Who was going to tell us that Quibithat app that around here we welcomed with joy and which presented series divided into short chapters designed to be consumed vertically or horizontally but always operated from the mobile phone, had been visionary. That Jeffrey Katzenberg invention ended up being a fiasco and a waste of money, but perhaps what really happened to him is that he arrived too soon. Or perhaps that can be inferred from the latest fad in the Chinese market that may end up leaving the Asian market soon: microdramas. What does it consist of? These are small fictions, often with romantic content (but, also in Korean style, sometimes with fantastic elements such as vampires in love or time travel), created for mobile consumption (that is, in vertical format) on platforms. that facilitate quick passage from one episode to another, such as TikTok or YouTube (but also in others less known outside Asia, such as Kuaishou, Douyin or Bilibili), and whose episodes last around one or two minutes. Each series contains between 60 and 100 episodes, meaning the total duration of each series is approximately equivalent to that of a movie. The income. We are not talking about a precisely small market. In 2024 this digital subgenre generated 2,000 million dollars, an amount that could double in 2025. According to Chinese media, we could be talking about 2023 gross revenue of $5.2 billion per yearwhich is equivalent to 70% of China’s film market, one of the most important in the world. An example of the numbers that these series manage: one of the most popular, ‘Unparalleled’ may have earned 14 million dollars in just eight days of broadcast. And not only because of the high price of subscriptions to viewing platforms: their viewers are counted in hundreds of millions and there are already brands of cosmetic products with which they establish themselves juicy sponsorships. The secret to such enormous success? Variety, for example, point that if the time of confinement favored the explosion of health services streaming domestic because there was no choice but to be at home, when viewers have gone out again and used public transport, it is the mobile content apps that have skyrocketed their number of users. Behind this content there are mainly two names: on the one hand, Kuiashou, a platform dedicated to short videos that previously fed, like TikTok, on content mainly created by users (and that was the first to adopt the term “microdrama”); and on the other, Douyin, owned by Bytedance, also owner of TikTok. Leap out of Asia. All of this would remain just another format that is only consumed in China if it were not for the fact that microdramas are beginning to expand beyond the borders of the Asian country. In East and Southeast Asia it is beginning to be common and the company Reelshort (behind which is the giant Tencent and Baidu) want to bring microdramas to the United States, where they are starting to gain traction. The stores of Apple and Google apps, with wide penetration outside Asia, have seen applications intended for this type of content downloaded thirty million times in the first quarter of 2024so the foundations are well established. A look at Reelshort. A quick visit to Reelshort It will make it very clear to us what type of content we are talking about. They are series that westernize the Chinese product, as revealed by those titles with an undeniable oriental soap opera flavor: ‘In Love with the Alpha’, ‘The Billionaire’s Contract’ or ‘Fatal Attraction: Mafioso Romance’. All of them are translated and subtitled using AI, and some of them are dubbed with an unmistakable neutral accent, which also gives some clue as to what type of audience the app is aimed at: regular consumers of Latin American soap operas. The relationship with video games. And there is something else: the deep relationship of these products with video games, which starts with the gamification with which many of these programs are presented. Completing tasks such as watching the series gives access to the currency used by each app (which can also be purchased with real money), which allows you to unlock the episodes of the series that are blocked (the “taste” of the five or ten first episodes of each series is free, to hook the viewer). It is not surprising that some of the companies that own these apps (Crazy Maple Studio, owner of Reelshort, for example) are dedicated to the development of mobile games. In Xataka | There are hundreds of Chinese streamers streaming under bridges at night. And there is an explanation

allowed to kill Basques in the country

by

Iceland is known for its Thermal waters, volcanoes, aurora borealis and glaciersall between coastal landscapes and villages worthy of the best postcards. Until not so long, however, it was not the best destination if the visitor came from a very specific region of the planet: the Basque Country. Although it sounds extemporaneous (which was) and crazy (idem) until a decade ago Scarce the island kept in force a seventeenth -century edict that gave white letter to its inhabitants to assault, steal and even kill Basque sailors. The law is interesting for its content, but also by its context, which connects with the past whale of the region and one of the most terrible episodes in Icelandic history, if not the one that most: the massacre Spánverjavígin. A peculiar diplomatic trip. In April 2015 Martin Garitano, then General Deputy of Guipúzcoa, starred in the one that may have been the most rocambolesco trip of his political career. Not so much for fate, Hólmavika people west of Iceland, as for what There it was done. As part of An institutional act With local authorities during which a commemorative plaque was discovered, they sang songs and recited a marine sentence, Jónas Guðmundsson, commissioner of the region of the region Western Fjords Icelanders, he revoked An edict of the seventeenth century. Why’s that? Very simple. Because the edict in question was probably one of the most rocambolesque, extemporaneous, delusional and cruel of international legislation. The norm He had his origins in 1615 and stressed that if an Icelandic was with a Basque sailor on the island, he could assault him, snatch everything he had on top and even, if necessary, kill him without mercy. Of course, in 2015 on the island, other laws that neutralized that old edict and prohibited the Icelanders from killing Basques just like the slaughter of any other neighbor’s son. But the truth, being felling, is that in 400 years nobody had bothered to repeal the decree of the seventeenth, so technically remained in force. When asked about it, Guðmundsson He joked: “At least now it will be safe for them (the Basques) come.” Of politics and economy. To understand the “Anti Vascos” edict of 1615 you have to know its context. From the outset, the Iceland of the early seventeenth was quite different from that of now. It was not an independent country (status that did not in fact achieve centuries later, In 1944) and his control was in the hands of regional governors protected by the king of Denmark, a position since 1588 exercised Cristián IV. With regard to the economy, at the time there was a lucrative business that especially interested the Danish crown: whale hunting in the North Atlantic. Of the huge cetaceans captured in the sea, meat, bones, sperm and even beards were used, highly appreciated for the elaboration of rods for umbrellas, umbrellas and corsets. If there was an appeal of the appreciated whales it was however its oil. Among other purposes, it was used to illuminate houses and the manufacture of soap, lubricans and drugs. So appreciated was the fat of the whales that There are those who match it To our oil. And what does it have to do with the Basques? Well, they stood out in that company, as Imanol Sánchez explains in detail in An essay Posted in Riev on the Basque whales in the Iceland of the XVII. Their sailors soon look at the possibilities of the Eubalaena glacialthe huge cetaceans that inhabited between Iceland and Mauritania and navigated the North Atlantic during their migrations. And that encouraged them to enter more and more in the ocean. It is known of incursions by the Basque coast to capture cetaceans already in the XI, between the XII and XIV the hunters expanded along the rest of the Cantabrian coast and around the 16th and seventeenth centuries, Sánchez recallsBasque whales were already looking for prey in the waters around Greenland and Iceland. There are evidence that places them there at least in 1604 and before they had already left a mark on Terranova and Labrador. A business played. The problem is that Basque sailors were not the only ones interested in whale oil, a very valuable appeal that also ambitioned the king of Denmark and Norway. And of course, friction emerged. “The Danes were sent by Christian IV to hunt whales to the seas in northern Norway and for the islands Spitzbergen In 1615, and his encounter with the Basque sailors created the first disputes “, He recounts The researcher of the UPV/EHU. In April of that same year, the sailors of Euskadi hunt whales in Aguas de Iceland was prohibited. And to make it clear that the Danish authorities were seriously issued the famous (and terrible) edict that gave a white letter to pursue, assault, steal and kill Basque navigators. Of course, Icelanders were also prohibited to get friendship or trade with the whales of Spain. A MAZAZO FOR RELATIONSHIPS. The belligerent posture that Denmark adopted in 1615 must have been a mazazo for the Icelandic rulers, to say what the Danish law said did allow the islanders to do business with the Basques … as long as the latter passed before box to pay the commissions to pay the commissions corresponding, of course. Sanchez recalls in fact that the relationship between the two peoples was “largely good” and was based on a “close commercial relationship.” His link was narrow and frequent enough to give rise to a Pidgina kind of mixed language, Basque and Icelandic mixture. In the fall of 1615, with the relations with the sailors of Euskadi tensada and Copenhagen especially belligerent, there was nevertheless an episode that would end up advising a severe hand about the relations between both peoples. Of paper … to the baskavígin massacre. The seventeenth century edict that allowed to hunt and kill Basque sailors in Iceland could have remained in a legal eccentricity without more if it were not because, … Read more

Half a year ago we discovered oxygen in one of the most remote places on the planet. Now we want to know more

by

A few months ago we knew the news of the discovery of the so -called “dark oxygen.” This oxygen form has little extraordinary from the chemical point of view: these are conventional oxygen molecules. What is not conventional in this dark oxygen is its formation process. A new project. Now, the team that announced the discovery of dark oxygen has announced a new project linked to the presence of these mysterious molecules in the oceanic depths. The objective of this new project is to answer some of the questions raised after the finding, especially the question of whether this process was given in various areas of the oceanic fund. “Our discovery of dark oxygen was a change in the paradigm of our understanding of the depths of the sea and potentially of life on Earth, but threw more questions than answers,” explained in a press release Andrew Sweetman, who will lead the new project. International collaboration. The new project is the result of the cooperation of two intitions, the Japanese Nippon Foundation, in charge of financing the project with a contribution of two million pounds; and the Scottish Association for Marine Science (Sams), an institution that will lead the investigation. Dark oxygen. Let’s recap, dark oxygen? This concept was popularized last year to refer to molecular oxygen found in the depths of the oceanfar from the sun’s rays, hence the “dark” appellation. Until now, the dominant hypothesis is that oxygen is only formed on our planet through photosynthesis, a phenomenon dependent on the energy emitted by our star. The presence of oxygen in a place where photosynthesis is impossible and separate from surface marine currents, opened the search for alternative hypotheses that explained the presence of these molecules in the inhospitable environment. The response of the team responsible for the finding was in the metals that can be found in the seabed, which, according to this hypothesis they would be generating these molecules through electricity, that is, thanks to electrolysis. Verifying the hypothesis. The new project could serve to verify this theory, questioned by the mining industry, and to explore alternative hypotheses that explain the unexpected presence of oxygen in this environment. Hypothesis like that of radiolysisthat is to say the possibility that it is the radiation that, directly or indirectly, is triggering the process. The team also wants to explore if the processes that generate this dark oxygen They also release hydrogenas well as if this element is used as a source of energy by the bacterial communities that inhabit this area of ​​the ocean. In addition, the study could help us better understand the impact that climate change could have on these ecosystems. Conversations with NASA. The American space agency, NASA, has also shown interest in expanding our knowledge about dark oxygen, those responsible for the project say. “We are already in conversation with NASA experts who believe that dark oxygen could rebuild our understanding of how life is sustained on other planets without direct sunlight,” Sweetman added. Dark oxygen can also help us better understand how oxygen arose on our planet, providing us with information about the emergence of life on earth. Life and oxygen are inseparable concepts, but we do not know completely how this relationship was forged. In Xataka | When it seemed that the controversy of underwater mining was appealing, the discovery of black oxygen threatens to reactivate it Image | Biocyan Campaign

Chernobyl is full of radioactive dogs. It has nothing to do with the nuclear accident, according to a study

by

Behind him Chernobyl nuclear plant accidentthe areas close to the plant continue to be dangerous for humans. He reactor number four The Vladimir Ilyich Lenin plant exploded on April 26, 1986, releasing 500 times more radioactive material in northern Ukraine than was used in the Hiroshima bomb. It was a natural disaster that, little by little, became a paradise full of radioactive animals and plants. And it is because, beyond the few humans who work in maintenance tasks, the visits and those who installed the New Safe Sarcophagusthe animals roam freely. Among them, there are dogs, so many that they were baptized as “the Chernobyl puppies”. When the accident occurred, the dogs were abandoned, but in recent years, the population has skyrocketed and it is estimated that there are around a thousand dogs roaming freely. Petting one of these adorable little dogs is not a good idea due to their radioactive load, but a new study points out that the genetic differences of these dogs have nothing to do with a radiation-induced mutation. The radioactive dogs of Chernobyl Watching the video above, it seems impossible to resist the temptation of petting these puppies. The problem is that they have radioactive particles in their fur, but the incredible thing about this story is that they simply exist so close to the accident zone. The ionizing radiation It interacts in a curious way with the tissues of living beings: it breaks chemical bonds and modifies the structure of the chains of atoms. It is what causes animals to develop tumors, something that The plants adapted much better due to its particularities. Of that thousand of dogs wandering around Chernobyl302 have been under study for some time by the University of South Carolina or the National Human Genome Research Institute with the purpose of characterizing their genetic structure. The animals belong to three different populations that have lived inside the plant and at distances of between 10 and 15 kilometers from ‘ground zero’. Their research aims to help answer questions about how humans and other species can adapt to survive in such aggressive environments, and researchers are already getting some answers. The first thing is that it seems that these dogs are evolving at a different rate than dogs from neighboring areas. They have some distinctive genetic traits in their DNA that they have developed over the years and a few months ago they already they dropped that the radiation could have nothing to do with them. Now it is North Carolina State University and the Mailman School of Public Health at Columbia University who have shared a study in which they claim that they have been working with two populations of dogs, separated only by about 16 kilometershave different genetic traits. “We are trying to determine whether exposure to low levels of environmental toxins, such as radiation, lead, etc., over many years could explain some of these differences,” says Matthew Breen, one of the authors. What they did was start looking for differences at the chromosomal level, later in small intervals of the genome and, finally, differences in nucleotides. Reactor number 4 with its current sarcophagus The goal was to find abnormalities and evidence of DNA mutations in reproductive cells, which are passed from generation to generation. “It’s like using the zoom function on your phone’s camera to get more details: We start with a wide view of the subject and then zoom in,” says Breen. And the result is interesting, since it seems that radiation does not have much to do with the changes found: “We know that, for example, exposure to high doses of radiation can introduce instability from the chromosomal level down. Although this dog population is 30 or more generations removed from those present during the 1986 disaster, the mutations would likely still be detectable if they offered a survival advantage to those original dogs. But we found no evidence of that in these dogs.” The work follows its coursesince with what they have found, the researchers cannot rule out the role of selective pressure in explaining the differences between the two populations of dogs. “In human terms, this is like studying a population that is centuries away from the one that was present at the time of the disaster. It is possible that the dogs that survived long enough to reproduce already had genetic traits that increased their ability to survive and, perhaps, what there was was extreme ‘natural selection’ at the beginning,” says another of the authors, Megan Dillon. The researcher points out that it may be that, after this extreme pressure, the nuclear plant dogs were simply kept separate from the city’s population. “Investigating this path is a next step that we are working on,” he comments. Unavoidable disasters Another of the authors is Norman Kleiman, of the Columbia University School of Public Health. Keiman comments that “most people think of the Chernobyl nuclear accident as a radiological disaster in an abandoned corner of Ukraine, but the potential adverse health implications are much broader,” and this is due to many other toxins, such as heavy metals, lead dust, pesticides and asbestos. The curious thing is that most of these toxins were released into the environment during the decades of cleanup that followed and this is something that may also have had an influence on the living beings in the area. “Studying companion animals, like these dogs, gives us a window into the types of health risks that people may face.” “The importance of continuing to study the environmental health aspects of large-scale disasters like this cannot be overstated. It is certain that, given the increasingly technological and industrial nature of our societies, there will inevitably be other similar disasters in the future, and we need to understand the possible health risks and how to better protect people,” the researcher emphasizes. Thus, understanding these genetic variations in dogs is not only the answer to a scientific curiosity, but also something practical in order to better … Read more

I started reading ‘Cointelligence’ with a lot of skepticism. Its reasonableness makes it an essential book on AI

by

If the readings on productivity They are a minefield in which you have to dodge bombs before finding gold, the AI ​​readings are even more so. Most are divided into two large groups: Unbridled techno-optimism. Apocalyptic catastrophism. And that’s if you’re lucky and it’s not a scam to sell you a course. That’s why I celebrate when I find a book like ‘Co-intelligence‘, by Ethan Mollick, who shines for its balance. Cold head. It recognizes the existential risks, but focuses on how to pragmatically leverage AI today. As a Wharton professor specializing in innovation and entrepreneurship, Mollick has been on the front lines of observing and experimenting with AI in education. Its central concept of ‘cointelligence’ –see AI as a co-worker, not as a threat nor as a messianic savior– is quite persuasive. And he gives concrete examples from his classes at Wharton to show how AI can amplify human capabilities instead of replacing them. Perhaps the most valuable is in his ideas about how AI is already transforming education and employment (perhaps in some latitudes more than others). For example, in his analysis of how students already use ChatGPT and how that forces rethink assessments and homework. He also has a very clear vision of how companies should adapt to this panorama: not by banning AI, but by finding ways to integrate it productively. On the B side of the album, the book has some weak points. For example, it tangentially transmits a certain hasteas if it had been written in haste to take advantage of the timing. Some sections, especially those that point to predictions for the future, could have directly been better developed. What I find most problematic is the over-reliance on examples from academia. His experience as a professor is valuable and supports the book, but his case studies focus too much on university professors… and elite students. This greatly limits the applicability of the conclusions to sectors other than academia. and there I missed a somewhat more diverse analysis of use cases in SMEs or other work sectors. It would have greatly strengthened his argument about the universal adaptability of AI. Despite these asterisks, ‘Cointelligence’ is a good contribution to the literature of the early years of generative AI. A good framework to think about AI that does not fall into fear but does not allow itself to be overwhelmed by the train of thought. hype. It is a book that lacks all the answers, but that is not what it intends. Rather it brings us closer to asking ourselves the right questions. It’s already a lot. For anyone looking to understand what position to take in this rise of generative AI, I find this a good read. It is not a perfect book, but at least it offers a calm perspective and nuanced analysis. Surely it’s what we need most at this point in the film. Co-intelligence: Living and working with AI In Xataka | I thought I should always read new books, until rereading showed me what I was missing Featured image | Xataka, Connect

Cruises will save a lot of fuel through the sun through their balconies: a new German proposal

by

Solar balconies have proven to be effective in terms of self -consumption in countries such as Germany, Netherlands And even Spain. But what would happen if we took them to the middle of the sea? Not in the form of floating panels, but integrated into a cruise. A cruise with solar panels. An investigation has developed A simulation to check the installation of photovoltaic in the cruise cabin. The objective of the project is to feed public services and, at the same time, reduce the environmental impact. The initiative raised by the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and Siemens Energy Global have taken cruise data that navigated the Caribbean already along the Norwegian and Danish coasts. These routes were not randomly selected: the differences in solar radiation between tropical and northern European regions offered an ideal range to evaluate the performance of photovoltaic systems in very different climatic conditions. The design. The study has raised a system that integrates solar panels of 250 W and 22 % efficiency in the boots of the cabins. In addition, each cabin would be equipped with two panels: one integrated into the glass barrier of the balcony at an angle of 90 ° and another placed at an angle of 30 °, between the ship’s covers. The scientists themselves have explained that if a cruise of the Helios class with 1,655 shots with balcony is extrapolated, in terms of scalability the maximum photovoltaic capacity would be at 827.5 kW, which is a significant step towards a cleaner energy in high high sea. The networks. Currently, cruises are adopting continuous current (CC) networks to facilitate the integration of renewable energy sources. In each case, the researchers evaluated three integration approaches for solar panels. First, a network of 48 volts, which directly feeds the cabins, but its high cost and maintenance makes it less practical. On the other hand, the 350 volt network, which acts as a secondary distribution network, balancing security, efficiency and operational simplicity. Finally, the 700 volt network, which connects with the machine room to be a primary network, but has greater energy losses. After evaluating these options, researchers have concluded that the 350 V network combines security measures, lower cost and simplicity in maintenance for the integration of panels into the balconies. In addition, the system is complemented by iron and lithium phosphate batteries (Lifepo4), specifically designed to store energy in case of emergency, cushion demand peaks and guarantee a stable supply. The results. Scientists have performed simulations with Python taking into account more than 100 energy demand scenarios in the cabins during two cruise routes: a 15 -day tour of the Caribbean in March and an eight -day route along the coasts of Denmark and Norway during the months of August and September. With that recreation they have discovered that photovoltaic systems managed to cover 45% of the needs in the Caribbean and 47% in northern Europe. As for energy savings, it was an average of 3.2 MWh in the Caribbean and 3.8 MWh in Norway and Denmark. Finally, the environmental impact would reduce CO2 emissions between 1,500 and 1,800 kg per day, depending on the route. Other boats with solar panels. The study not only highlights the potential of solar balconies to improve the energy efficiency of cruises, but also ask questions about their scalability and future applications. However, it is not the first time that we see solar panels in ships, we have already seen progress in future candles with photovoltaic and, even, there are many millionaires who They bet on ideas more sustainable. Despite being a sector that It presents challenges For the autonomy of their batteries or the lack of load infrastructure, but this German idea in the cruises promises to open new possibilities of high seas efficiency. Image | DLR Institute of Networked Energy Systems CC BY 4.0 Xataka | The solar panels have conquered the balconies of Germany. With this invention they can also store the energy surplus

Europe has the highest rate of multiple sclerosis in the world. The explanation lies in the DNA of the steppe shepherds

by

First there were hunter-gatherers about 45,000 years ago. The first modern humans arrived in a Europe where the Neanderthals still reigned. Then there were the farmers of the Middle East about 11,000 years ago and finally, about 5,000 years ago they were the nomadic pastoralists of the steppes of Central Asia. That is, according to research published in the journal Naturethe common genetic heritage of Europeans. A heritage that explains why, in an incredible historical twist, multiple sclerosis affects us more. A DNA mutating in the middle of the great steppe. While agriculture gained weight in the world, the great Eurasian steppe continued doing its thing. The culture yamnaa group of pastoral towns that arose in the enormous plains south of the Urals and east of the Black Sea, generations and generations passed living with livestock. Variant. It was there that it emerged (and was selected) a small genetic variant that strengthened natural immunity against zoonoses; that is, against livestock infections that could easily jump to the human communities that raised them. 5,000 years later, this genetic variant is behind the fact that Europeans have a higher risk of suffering from Multiple Sclerosis. The deep origins of current diseases. The study led by the Universities of Cambridge and Copenhagen (but with the participation of many more) analyze in detail from the DNA of almost 5,000 individuals spread throughout history. Some studied remains date back to about 34,000 years ago. The reconstruction. Reconstructing humanity’s immense genetic tree, researchers found numerous keys to understanding why there are specific geographic areas or ethnic groups that suffer from some diseases more than others. They realized that southern Europeanswith a greater genetic legacy from the agricultural people of the Middle East, have a greater predisposition to develop bipolar disorders; that people from the East had a higher genetic risk of developing Alzheimer’s or diabetes; and those from the northwest had a heightened risk of sclerosis. A medical enigma. For years, scientists have tried to understand why Europe has, with about 143 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, one of the highest incidence rates of sclerosis in the world. As I said in the previous paragraph, as you go south and east those differences fade, but (even so) the greater risk of developing this disease It is a European ‘differential fact’. Understanding better. The most interesting thing about all this is that the idea that the answer lies in the genetic history of its inhabitants It is not only a historical curiosity. On the contrary, thinking about this from an evolutionary point of view allows us to understand the disease in a new way. In Xataka | Where genes, do what you see: the surprising genetic differences (and similarities) within the Iberian Peninsula Image | Charlotte Venema *An earlier version of this article was published in January 2024

The story of how brown was commercially imposed

by

If I ask you to close your eyes and imagine an egg, it is very likely that egg was white. Gallina eggs, both in the collective imaginary and in popular culture, are white. And, however, nine out of ten eggs They are sold to the public in Spain are brown. Why are the eggs no longer white? Where have they gotten? Egg shell. The most direct answer is that they have not gotten anywhere. The color of the eggs, in principle, depends on something very simple: the color of the chickens. In very general termsdark plumage chickens give brunette eggs and light color chickens give white eggs. And I say in general terms because there are blue eggs, pink, green beige and even broken white. There are various theories that explain thisbut the most popular tells us that they are adaptations of the different species of chickens to favor camouflage and survival in nature. Beyond that evolutionary reason, the color gives a bit the same: because there are no organoleptic differences in eggs according to their flavor. This, of course, does not solve the mystery of the disappearance of white eggs but makes it deeper. The reign of white eggs. During the 50s and 60s, when egg production began to ‘intensive’, Spanish farmers White chickens began to introduce. It made sense, They were varieties They lived longer and were more productive. It was no coincidence: the Leghorn variety, one of the most popular, had been selected in the US, England and Italy for more than a hundred years. That genetic advantage ‘continues to occur today: according to the data of poultry varieties in Germanywhite chickens put about 450 eggs in 18 months, while browns that put about 380. In addition, white are smaller (they occupy less space, they eat less) and less aggressive. The result is that white eggs have 9% less costs than brown. And what happened to them? The brilliant success of white eggs had a problem: in a country that had urbanized very quickly (and in which a good part of its population maintained contact with the rural world), consumers They began to associate The white color with intensive and industrial livestock. Actually, taste, nutritional value or egg quality They do not depend of color. They depend on things such as the good health of the animal, the physical activity they perform or its food. Therefore, for decades the farm eggs were at a disadvantage with which those who put small farms in the market (or raised at home). Like those small farms used local varieties (that is, brown), the identification between brunette eggs and camperus eggs caught in the collective imaginary. The market response … When the producers realized this, they began to modify what they took to the market: little by little, the linear of the supermarket were filled with brunette eggs and the white eggs were redirected to the hospitality or industrial food (where going at the price is more important). … but from the Spanish market. It is important to take this into account: in countries like Germany, white eggs are kings and In the Netherlands they have more and more weight in the market. In the United States and England, you can find the two types of major problem. That (above all, taking into account what has happened in other European markets) leads us to ask ourselves if it is possible that white eggs end up returning to supermarkets. To the extent that there are no substantial differences between some eggs and others, until when will prejudices last the white eggs that lead us to ignore something as “objective” as the price? No one knows it for sure. Above all, because unlike small markets such as the Dutchman (in front of the German), Spanish is a very difficult bone to crack for foreign competition. However, we already know The little that these balances last. Image | I fuck a lot In Xataka | Why you have to keep the eggs in the refrigerator if they do not have refrigerated in the supermarket

Log In

Forgot password?

Forgot password?

Enter your account data and we will send you a link to reset your password.

Your password reset link appears to be invalid or expired.

Log in

Privacy Policy

Add to Collection

No Collections

Here you'll find all collections you've created before.