Using multiple VPN hops is an extreme technique to leave no trace on the internet. This is how it works

Let’s explain to you How the multi-hop technique works in a VPNso that you know this method to leave no trace on the Internet when you browse. Because if one VPN It already offers you a layer of security and privacy, with this technique also called Multi-Hop you add more additional layers. This is a technique that is implemented in several commercial VPN services, from NordVPN even others of the best vpn services. But sometimes they can have somewhat different names and characteristics. Therefore, we are going to try to explain everything to you in a simple way. What is multi-hop in a VPN When you use a VPN, you are protecting your online traffic with a layer of security. This is done by passing your traffic through a server before it reaches its destination. This server sees and hides information such as your real IP, which makes your browsing safer. But there are times when this is not enough, and there are users who need additional layers of privacy. This is where the multi-hop technique comes in, which instead of sending your traffic through a single VPN server, routes it through two or more servers until it reaches the Internet. Imagine that you want to get from point A, which is your computer, to point B, which is the website you are going to visit. You can do it without further ado, in plain sight of everyone, or you can use a VPN which is like a tunnel where it is hidden from you and your browsing is made more private. Here, a multi-hop would mean taking several detours and several tunnels to make tracking you much more complicated. NordVPN with 76% discount The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Using this technique, your data is protected with several layers of encryption. Before leaving the computer or mobile phone, several layers are applied beforehand depending on how many hops you are going to have, and then each server decrypts its corresponding layer. It’s like putting it in a safe box to which only you know the key, but inside there is another box with another key, and inside another with another key. As if I were inside a Russian doll. This technique also change your IP address on each server to make it more difficult to track you. None of the intermediate servers will have full visibility. Meanwhile, the former knows where you come from but not where you are going, and the latter knows where you are going but not where you come from. And what’s the difference between a multi-hop or changing the VPN server manually? If you disconnect from one VPN server and connect to another, things like your IP and location change, but you’re still using a single server that knows where you come from and where you’re going, where your connection starts and ends. While, a multihop divides on two or more servers this information of where you come from and where you are going. You will have hidden more. Depending on the VPN service you have contracted or configured, this multi-hop can be offered to you in different ways. For example, NordVPN offers the option Double VPNwhich is a multi-hop on two servers. This doubles the encryption of your connection, and although it is less private than doing it on three or more servers, it means that your connection does not slow down as much. In short, this is a technique for those seeking maximum privacy, although It is not the only alternative. There are technologies like Tor network which do the same thing natively with at least three nodes, being the great reference for external anonymity. The difference is that Multi-hop chains together commercial VPN servers, while Tor routes traffic through nodes operated by anonymous volunteers, prioritizing complete anonymity over speed. You can go further by jumping between different providers Another thing to keep in mind is that multi-hop can be done within the same supplier or between different. Within the VPN provider itself, it is usually done with its own systems such as the aforementioned DobleVPN from NordVPN, a method that facilitates the process but allows the provider to have a theoretical global vision of the chain. While, doing it between different providers maximizes privacy. Doing this is more complex, as it is not natively supported in commercial apps. You would have to do this by setting up the router with a VPN and then using someone else’s software, or by using an intermediate VPS server. These are more technical configurations, although in exchange you get more privacy and security. No VPN service will have a complete view of your traffic, or if a service is hacked or has to give access to third parties through a court order, it will not have all of your browsing information either. It is for very extreme casesbut it is a possibility that exists. Multi-hop has two negative things The multi-hop technique adds as many additional layers of encryption and privacy as there are hops to different VPN servers you make. However, you already know what happens when when driving your car you deviate down several streets instead of going in a straight line: it takes you longer to reach your destination. This makes using this technique your connection is slower and has more latency. There is data which indicate that latency increases between 50 and 150 ms with each hop, while connection speed can drop between 30 and 60% per hop. This data can change a lot because they depend on aspects such as the distance between VPN servers, the protocols you are using, or the processing power of your devices. For example, jumps to geographically close servers each other cause less slowdown, while a jump between servers on different continents can severely penalize your browsing. However, although there may be changes, all this always ends up translating into The websites and apps you use take longer to loadwhere … Read more

How to create a game with multiple choice questions on any PDF to study with the help of artificial intelligence

Let’s explain to you how to create an interactive multiple choice game to help you study anything. We are going to do it with Claudeand you will only have to upload any PDF with the theme you want, and the artificial intelligence It will process its content and ask you questions about it. For this we are going to use the Claude’s artifactswhich means that they will be fully interactive games. In our case, it will be a test type, with several answers of which there is only one valid. So, if you click on the correct answer it will tell you that it is true, and if you click on the incorrect one it will correct you by giving you all the information about why it is not like that. The positive part of using Claude is that you only need a prompt and it will generate the game artifact for you. However, you should keep in mind that all PDFs you upload will be processed by AI, and that could be stored on servers of the company. Therefore, be careful about uploading files that contain private information. You should also keep in mind that AI is not infallible, and that there may be errors and hallucinations, so it is advisable to verify the answers by other means. In addition, you must also make sure that the PDFs you upload have accurate information. Create your multiple choice question game The only thing you have to do to create your game is write a prompt with which ask the AI ​​to create an artifact and describe the type of game what you want You can start with something simple like the following: I want to create an artifact. This artifact will take the information from a PDF that I upload, and will generate a series of multiple choice questions to learn the content. You will do this using Claude, who will analyze the content of the PDF, detect the most important themes and then generate the questions. Once you write the prompt, Claude will generate the game in a few minutes. At the top prompt you can specify anything you want about the game, both specific mechanics and adding a scoring system such as the number of questions or even the colors of the buttons. Then, on the left side, a window will open where you will be able to start your game. For that, the normal thing is that you simply click on the indicated option and upload the PDF from which you want the questions to be generated. Then, in my case I had to choose the number of questions, and then click on the start button below. When you upload the content and start the game, Claude will begin to analyze the content of the documentunderstanding what it says and based on its information to generate questions. After analyzing the content, the game will start asking you questions. As we have asked it to be a test typeit will ask you questions with several possible answers, and you will have to click on the one you consider to be the correct one. If you got it right, it will tell you. But if you fail to choose the correct answer, it will also indicate the failure. In my case, below the correct or incorrect answers, a fragment of the text appears in which it tells you the correct answer. It is not necessary to stay with the first result. If when you try it you are not convinced, you can return to the conversation and ask Claude for changesspecifying the things you want to change or those you want to add or remove. It will then regenerate the artifact from scratch with your instructions. Save your device to use whenever you want Once you have the device to your liking, in the upper right part of the screen you must click on the down arrow button next to where it says Copy. When you do it, click on the option Publish artifact. This will upload your creation to the servers and keep it saved. By publishing your artifact, anyone will be able to find it, and you will also be given a link to share it. But most importantly, in the artifacts section there is a tab Your artifactsand when you click on it you will see all those that you have created. This will be a good way to reuse the game you created whenever you want. In Xataka Basics | Claude: 23 functions and some tricks to get the most out of this artificial intelligence

Europe has the highest rate of multiple sclerosis in the world. The explanation lies in the DNA of the steppe shepherds

First there were hunter-gatherers about 45,000 years ago. The first modern humans arrived in a Europe where the Neanderthals still reigned. Then there were the farmers of the Middle East about 11,000 years ago and finally, about 5,000 years ago they were the nomadic pastoralists of the steppes of Central Asia. That is, according to research published in the journal Naturethe common genetic heritage of Europeans. A heritage that explains why, in an incredible historical twist, multiple sclerosis affects us more. A DNA mutating in the middle of the great steppe. While agriculture gained weight in the world, the great Eurasian steppe continued doing its thing. The culture yamnaa group of pastoral towns that arose in the enormous plains south of the Urals and east of the Black Sea, generations and generations passed living with livestock. Variant. It was there that it emerged (and was selected) a small genetic variant that strengthened natural immunity against zoonoses; that is, against livestock infections that could easily jump to the human communities that raised them. 5,000 years later, this genetic variant is behind the fact that Europeans have a higher risk of suffering from Multiple Sclerosis. The deep origins of current diseases. The study led by the Universities of Cambridge and Copenhagen (but with the participation of many more) analyze in detail from the DNA of almost 5,000 individuals spread throughout history. Some studied remains date back to about 34,000 years ago. The reconstruction. Reconstructing humanity’s immense genetic tree, researchers found numerous keys to understanding why there are specific geographic areas or ethnic groups that suffer from some diseases more than others. They realized that southern Europeanswith a greater genetic legacy from the agricultural people of the Middle East, have a greater predisposition to develop bipolar disorders; that people from the East had a higher genetic risk of developing Alzheimer’s or diabetes; and those from the northwest had a heightened risk of sclerosis. A medical enigma. For years, scientists have tried to understand why Europe has, with about 143 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, one of the highest incidence rates of sclerosis in the world. As I said in the previous paragraph, as you go south and east those differences fade, but (even so) the greater risk of developing this disease It is a European ‘differential fact’. Understanding better. The most interesting thing about all this is that the idea that the answer lies in the genetic history of its inhabitants It is not only a historical curiosity. On the contrary, thinking about this from an evolutionary point of view allows us to understand the disease in a new way. In Xataka | Where genes, do what you see: the surprising genetic differences (and similarities) within the Iberian Peninsula Image | Charlotte Venema *An earlier version of this article was published in January 2024

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