years

Kojima’s ‘Od’ trailer not only reveals the most scary video game in years. It also brings back to its competitors

by

As an elephant in a potter has broken into the conversation the trailer of the new video game of Hideo Kojima. Visually overwhelming, it also promises a considerable ration. And yet, that is not the most striking of the trailer, but also functions as a conglomerate of messages between lines directly directed for competitors and former partners. This kojima never gives stitch. What is seen. Some unknown knocks on a door (the ‘Knock’ of the full title of the game: ‘OD: Knock’) and slide inside a house a card in which the fires are requested “(or the candles). Then, in the first person, inside a seemingly empty house, some trembling female hands light with matches the candles of an altar with some sinister candles (a baby head that melts expelling a liquid that looks like blood, while a large number of worms leave a jar close to the altar). Behind the person who is before the altar, someone or something insistently calls for the door of the room. The hands belong to a terrified Sophia Lillis, who feels behind her a threatening presence, who ends up opening the door, entering the room and surrounding her with giant hands. Impressive realism. Animations are, as always happens with Kojima’s kinematics, spectacular. To the point that in a first viewing, until our hands do not appear it is not clear that we are in a digital environment. All thanks to the Metahuman technology that uses Unreal Engine 5. A demonstration of technical muscle that, however, retroaches us a decade ago in time. Vietnam flashbacks. Specifically, from ‘The PT‘, an enigmatic Kojima game for Konami that was born as a new’ Silent Hill ‘and that remained in a mere technical demo, today impossible to find by legal roads, and that many consider that it is one of the most scary video games of all time. In this new ‘OD: Knock’ there are obvious winks to that ‘The PT’ from the same title with acronym, the temporary reference to a decade ago, some of the setting (the house as a framework for fear, without open spaces) and even the participation of a filmmaker in the project (there Guillermo del Toro, here Jordan Pele). It could be said that the output of ‘OD’ now, when ten years are turned out that Kojima left pears with Konami, is a perverse anniversary celebration. Especially now that the Japanese company … takes out the new ‘Silent Hill F’ this week. It seems almost a late revenge, with Kojima monopolizing some of the attention that Konami’s game was going to have this week. For you, screaming. But there is more. This game will be exclusive to Xbox, at least temporarily and there some sneer is detected with the farewell of the video, “For All Players and Screamers”. Winking to the popular PlayStation slogan “for the players” (“For you, players” in Spanish translation)? Of course, if it becomes an absolute exclusive Xbox, it will be a good Microsoft zambombazo, although seeing its recent policy of Turn everything into multiplatformit does not seem likely. But there is the recoven. Ten years of Kojima Productions. The producer of Kohima is celebrating in style her tenth anniversary with a ristra of advertisements and news in the event ‘Beyond the Strand’. It has been seen live hereand in addition to the shocking trailer of OD, we have seen Details about the A24 adaptation of ‘Death Stranding’the animated film ‘Death Stranding Mosquito‘, from which we have seen a teaser, the new stealth game’ Physint ‘, and the announcement of a collaboration with Niantic Spatial also linked to Death Stranding. In Xataka | Kojima locks himself again in his bubble with ‘Death Stranding 2’. The result is a work as strange as necessary

Statistics tell us that we read more than before. The problem is that books are much simpler than a few years ago

by

It is not the same to read much than reading well, just as not all books are the same. Some of these conclusions can be taken from a series of recently published statistics and that analyze reading habits both in the United States and Spain. Interestingly, trends in Spain seem to contradict those of the rest of the world, but … is positive news? Global descent. Antonio Ortiz told In his Newsletter ‘Causes and Azares’ that there has been a global decrease in the Reading habits. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the US, the time dedicated to reading for pleasure fell 23 minutes in 2003 to 15 minutes in 2018, 40%, and the trend continued to reduce up to only 16% of the population that reads daily in 2023, as explained by the New York Times in Spanish. In the United Kingdom, the National Literacy Trust He found that in 2023 only 47% of adolescents said they regularly read for enjoyment, lowering 60% in 2005. The Iberian contrast. In Spain the data are more positive: the 2024 reading habits of the Ministry of Culture of Spain It indicates that 65.5% of readers do so by leisure, which represents the highest percentage in historical series. And 70.3% read books in general. In addition, for age stripes, 14 to 24 years represents the greatest readers (82.1%), while the indices fall in over 55 years, indicating that a habit of reading in young people who will give a more reader adult population is being found. Does that perspective make sense, are hopeful data for reading in Spain? Reasons to doubt. These data can be inflated by social bias: when responding to surveys, people tend to overreport Activities considered “educated” how to readand surpassed those perceived as “banal”, such as watching television and spending time with the mobile. And why do we doubt? Because the social prestige of reading is still in force (as reflected The controversy with María Pombo), and recent measurements, such as Eurobarometer 2025They talk that Spain is one of the European countries where more people link reading with being “more cultured and intelligent”, which probably explains some inflation in the answers. Shorter phrases, simpler readings. For example, as Ortiz also points out, ‘The Economist’ has detected that the vocabulary and grammatical structure of the Best-Sellers They have been simplified between the thirties and today: The phrases are 30% shorter due to the least amount of subordinate sentences. And there are more: academic investigations such as the COH-Metrix Project of the University of Memphis have measured that the average readability of the current best-seller equals the level High School Junior (16-17 years), while in the sixties and seventies it was closer to the initial university level (COH-Metrix). On the school level, data from the National Center for Education Statistics show that the active vocabulary of written adolescents has been reduced compared to decades ago. And, finally, essays like ‘Reader, eat home’ Maryanne Wolf warns how fragmented reading in digital media impoverishes the capacity for deep reading. We presume more than we read. If we combine these data with others, which tell us that the UNESCO esteem that only 5% of the population read a book per month or that 40.3% of Spaniards declares never read or almost nevera constant figure in the last decade, we find a certainly contradictory situation. We like to presume that we read, but they are perhaps fattened by our own perception. And in addition, they are readings of a complexity much lower than that of a few decades ago. With readers like that, who needs María Pombo. Header | Clay Banks in Unspash In Xataka | Alatriste’s new book revalidates a throne that remains empty: Pérez-Reverte has created our most popular franchise

China has built a space empire in 30 years after being expelled from ISS. Your revenge is about to complete

by

If the space race of the last century was decided on the moon, that of this century could be a few years after its final act. The space is again the great theater where the two greatest economies in the world demonstrate their technological muscle, and China He has been preparing a master function to close your arc of redemption. A little paint in the face. This story has a clear origin: 1994. That year, China requested to join the International Space Station program with the other partners, But the United States vetoed its entrancearguing that the Asian country was not trustworthy. China developed its own manned space program, but in 2011, the United States Wolf amendment was a second blow, prohibiting NASA from any type of cooperation with Chinese counterparts. In parallel, China suffered the consequences of a world increasingly dependent on navigation satellites. In 1993 he had a first affront when the United States deliberately turned off GPS satellites on the Chinese ship Yinhe, leaving it drifting for 33 days. In 1996, a new blackout made the GPS guidance of a Chinese missile fail. In 2003, China invested 230 million euros to join the Galilean satellite navigation system of the European Union, but also ended up being expelled from this project. Of isolated to self -sufficient. Instead, China started a long -term plan to build, piece by piece, everything they had denied. In 1999 he launched the Shenzhou ship 1. In 2003, it became the third country, after the Soviet Union and the United States, to independently send a man to space: Yang Liwei aboard the Shenzhou 5. In 2007, China undertaked at the same time its lunar career and its own navigation network. The Chang’e 1 probe began to orbit the moon, and the Beidou-1 satellite meant the first stone of an alternative system to the American GPS. Similarly, in 2011 he launched Tiangong-1, the embryo of what would be his future space station. In 2022 he was no longer interested in ISS: China put the Tiangong Space Stationthat since then It is permanently inhabited. Even in areas such as planetary defense, China is replicating and improving Western missions. After the success of NASA’s dart mission, will launch its own mission to divert an asteroidwith a key improvement: a second ship that will observe the impact in real time and measure the live result. The first milestones. China’s space exploits have been growing in complexity. In 2020, the Chang’e 5 probe brought samples of the visible face of the moon for the first time in 44 years, and of a geologically younger area than the samples of the Apollo missions, so that They also interested NASAdespite the law that prevents them from collaborating. It was not until 2024, with the Chang’e-6 mission, which China achieved an impressive unpublished feat: bring to Earth The first samples of the hidden face of the moona tremendous effect in the new space race that now seeks to repeat on Mars, going for the first soil samples of the red planet. While NASA’s Mars Sample Return mission is in a limbo, China plans to launch its Tianwen-3 probe in 2028 and bring samples of Mars in 2031, foreseeably advanceing NASA. He could do it alone, but in a brilliant geopolitical movement, he has invited agencies around the world to join with their own instruments, which leaves the United States in an awkward position. Sorpasso in sight. Beyond the robotic missions, the most important milestones at stake are the missions manned to the moon. While the NASA Artemis program accumulates numerous delays and cost overruns, China advances firmly towards its objectives of stepping on the moon and establishing a lunar base. NASA has already arrived six times to the surface of the moon between 1969 and 1972, but the new lunar race does not go to put a flag, but to control resources. The one who arrives first and establishes a base in the South Lunar Pole It will have a key advantage to select areas with ice water and establish the communication protocols of the cislunar space. Nervousness in Washington. The United States reaction to China’s spatial advances show that the Sorpasso It is possible. The Wolf amendment has fallen short, and now NASA has hardened its position, prohibiting Chinese citizens Access to all its facilities, programs and even zoom meetings. The agency alleges reasons for “cybersecurity.” At the same time, NASA’s acting administrator, Sean Duffy, has adopted A belligerent rhetoric against China: “We are in a second space race. We will win the Chinese on the moon.” You can intuit the fear of a defeat, and one of the strategic movements of the United States to avoid it will be to install a nuclear reactor on the moon before China does, to be able to declare an “exclusion zone”, de facto controlling the most valuable areas. In 30 years, China has gone from being a spatial outcome to an undisputed leader who marks the rhythm in the exploration of the 21st century. The veto that had to stop her became the fuel of her ambition. His space empire is no longer a promise; It is a reality that orbits our heads and perches on other worlds. Revenge, patient and meticulous, is already served. Image | Xinhua In Xataka | While NASA faces the cancellation of 41 missions, China is making authentic virguerías in space

70 years ago the United Kingdom took the most remote islet in the world to frustrate the USSR. Today is a huge headache

by

Rockall is a sharp stone in the middle of the Atlantic. Literally. Small, inhospitable, isolated, The islet It seems molded on purpose to repel any human presence. No one lives there and the few adventurers who have challenged the island, tried to spend as long as possible on their surface, have endured as much a month and a half. However and despite all that, Rockall stars in an exciting story that Even today It is marked by the controversy. After all, it has gone from being an important piece for the national defense of Great Britain (and the whole of NATO) to an important economic asset. In a (remote) place of the Atlantic … Throughout the Atlantic there are countless islands, archipelagos and rocks, but few are as inhospitable as Rockalla small rocky promontory of the North Atlantic. He arrives with reviewing a few data to get an idea of ​​to what extent he is isolated and is the last place on the planet in which one would want to spend his vacation. Rockall is among the coasts of Scotland, Ireland and Iceland, hundreds of kilometers from anywhere inhabited. To find houses and population you have to look at 370 kilometers From there, a NORT UISTin the Exterior hebrids (Scotland). “The most isolated rock”. It is not just that Rockall is far from everything. It is directly thought to repel the presence of humans. The islet measures only 25 meters wide and rises 17 m above sea level, which explains that its slope is often shaken by the waves of the Atlantic. There is no one to live there, but the few people who have tried to try their luck have encountered an inclined and rocky surface, a granite block in which there is hardly any space of 3.5 x 1.3 m level enough to stand. In the middle of the last century the British naturalist James Fisher described Rockall as “the little most isolated rock of the oceans of the world.” Even more graphic was a few years ago Lord Kennet, torque and exmarinero than He referred to the islet as the “most desolate, most despair and more horrible” place on the planet. The person who has spent more time on his sharp rocks was the surveyor Nick Hancock, who endured 45 days on its surface. A few years ago a teacher and veteran of the British army wanted ‘Solo’ a month. A rock with an intense story. Given its characteristics, one might think that Rockall is a rocky point without any interest in the middle of the North Atlantic, an islet away from political debate or territorial disputes. Not at all. Its history can go back several centuries agobut he became especially intense in the mid -XX. It was then, at the end of the summer of 1955, to be more precise, when Queen Elizabeth II authorized the annexation of the islet and ordered the British Royal Navy to “take possession of the island.” That same year, Remember the BBC chaina commander reported the successful “conquest” of Rockall. An indomitable island. That episode has already demonstrated how indomitable the rock islet is. The HMS Vidal, a recognition ship by the British Royal Navy, arrived in the area on September 15, 1955, but the sailors It took several days to be able to raise your flag. The reason: the very strong and violent wind gusts. The BBC Slide which was the last territory claimed by the British Empire. Years later, In 1972Parliament voted in favor of incorporating (already formally) Rockall into the United Kingdom, integrating it into the Western Islands of Scotland. But … why? 70 years ago Rockall was the same inhospitable, uninhabited and isolated rock that is today, so why the hell was Great Britain interested in his possession? What was lost there? To understand it you have to keep in mind the complicated geopolitical map of the 50s, In full cold warwhich conferred to Rockall a special value. With the NATO submarines and the USSR patrolling the North Atlantic, its possession became a festive issue. Not just that. Rockall may be isolated from everything, but less than 400 kilometers from there, in the exterior hebrids, London had its first Test field For American guided nuclear missiles. The islet may be hell on Earth, an sharp rock in which it was impossible to live more than a few weeks, but … what if “hostile agents”, as spies at the service of Kremlin, managed to settle in the area to monitor British tests? Beyond the Cold War. The USSR collapsed in the early 90s and London’s priorities in defense became others, but Rockall did not lose interest. Of course: this went from the military strategy to the field of economy and resource management. On the island the geologists identified a special type of granite, but if for something he stood out it was the potential of their marine bed and its waters. They interested their possible oil reserves. And interest (and much) the fishing richness that hid their waters, where rappes are captured, North Gallo, haddock or squid, among other species of high value. The problem is that this wealth not only interested London. He also did Islandia or Ireland. A headache. In 1982 the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (Convent) established that rocks without population or economic fabric, as was the case of Rockall, could not be used as a basis for territorial claims. In other words, the islet could no longer be used as ‘key’ to argue the theoretical legitimacy of the United Kingdom over the surrounding waters. However, a Google search arrives to verify that in recent years law and fishing in the area have been a reason for friction With Ireland, Iceland or even Denmarkas representative of the Faroe Islands. The ‘Roces’ of 2019. One of the most tense episodes was lived before the pandemic, in 2019, when Scotland warned the Irish ships on the “illegal” drag fishing that … Read more

74,000 years ago, a volcanic eruption led humanity to the edge of extinction. We begin to understand how we survive

by

74,000 years ago, in a remote lake north of Sumatra, a volcano erupted. But it wasn’t a normal volcano. According to archaeologist Jayde N. Hiniak“The Toba expelled 2,800 cubic kilometers of ash to the stratosphere, created a crater of 1,000 soccer fields” and caused a global winter. That could take our species to the edge of extinction: for more than half a century, many anthropologists are convinced that it was that eruption (one of the greatest known eruptions) that reduced the human population to about 10,000 fertile couples. It would be the most critical moment of Homo Sapiens since it arose. It is true that the theory is controversial and the debate around the real climate change that the Toba created is still very alive; However, no one doubts that what happened that day in Sumatra was a huge catastrophe. And that can be seen in archaeological remains. As Hiniak pointed out“Most archaeological sites show a history of resistance.” In areas such as South Africa or the lowlands of Ethiopia these climatic changes led to the adoption of technological innovations such as the development of arches and arrows. In much closer places (such as Indonesia, India or China), the population also suffered deep changes that allowed him to survive. All this can be known because the Toba left many geological samples distributed throughout the world. Studying the deposits before and after the ash of the volcano gives a lot of information on how these societies changed socio-technologically. The flexibility was key. Regardless of what Toba will cause (or not) drastic reduction Of the population, what is clear is that it allows us to draw conclusions about what was the fundamental feature that explains the survival of human communities: behavioral flexibility. Something that allows Image | Tetiana Grypachevska In Xataka | When Newton reached the fundamental laws of physics there was already a sign that said “Leonardo was here”

Three years after the Fiasco del Metaverso, Zuckerberg has another burning nail for the goal: digital glasses

by

Mark Zuckerberg believes that in 2030 we will not get the smartphone out of his pocket because We will do almost everything from the glasses. That is his particular new obsession, and he has all the meaning of the world because Meta is in a delicate position. And if one It is cornered In the future that does not control, better create one that can control. Glasses, glasses and more glasses. The presentation this week of the promising Goal Ray-Ban Display and his small sisters (Ray-Ban Meta (Gen 2) and Oakley Meta Vanguard) It is a clear message to the world. Zuckerberg He sees us all Taking glasses in the future, and the new options of their connected glasses are precisely aimed not only to make them more with them, but to get more and more forget about the device that has governed our life for two decades: the smartphone. An event to redraw the target of Meta. In the presentation event of the Zuckerberg glasses, he also confirmed that new silent transformation of his company, which first focused on social networks and then bet on everything to the Metaverso. Now the proposal is different and Zuckerberg made it clear in the event saying the following: “Our goal is to create glasses with an attractive design that offer personal superintelligence and a sense of presence through realistic holograms. The combination of these ideas is what we call” metaverso. “ Metaverso V2.0. Suddenly the metaverse now is different from that before. In that metaverso that seemed A bad copy of Wii Sports We have moved to another in which virtual reality is totally displaced. Four years ago, when Facebook changed its name by goal, there was not even talk of artificial intelligence as part of that platform. Now it is a fundamental part, logically. Metaverso 1.0 – who is careful, is still alive and Also losing money– It has remained In the background. Killing smartphone is going to be (very) difficult. Of course, we will need a device in which to be able to do all those things that Zuckerberg proposes, now the candidate is in many cases the mobile. If not as the center of experience, yes as an important element. Will the smartphone give prominence to the glasses or other hardware products? It seems difficultbut of course both goal and others – Hello, OpenAI+Jony Ive– They are willing to achieve that goal. It is normal: if they achieve it, they can control something they have ever managed to control: the hardware. But. If something has characterized Mark Zuckerberg it is his ease to change focus. After the success of Facebook later seemed to focus much more on WhatsApp Supervitaminar –Do you remember Libra?– Or Instagram. Then, of course, his obsession with metoverso would arrive, and more recently With superintelligence and AI glasses. If there is a new technological fever, the Facebook founder usually goes for it. What will be next? And it will have a lot of competition. It is not that Zuckeberg achieves that we use the glasses more than the phone: no one is going to let it do it alone. Google works tirelessly on Android XR and has already shown us that you will have products in this segment, and Apple also seems convinced that the shots will go here. Not to mention Amazon or – major words – of Chinese manufacturers. All of them are going to put it very difficult at the finish line, but one thing is true: if they manage to move the mobile focus on the glasses, there at least they will predictably have part of the cake. Image | Goal In Xataka | The new finish lines will allow to cross a line: seem present while you are completely absent

We have taken 60 years to discover that a key treatment against diabetes does not work as we thought

by

The drugs may well be the substance that we study the most before getting the market: preclinical and clinical trials; experiments In vitroin animals and in people … everything to make sure the treatment is safe and works. But sometimes the question is another: because works. Because the answer can be so complex that we are late for decades to unravel it at all. Also in the brain. Something like that It has happened with metformina compound used for more than six decades in the treatment of diabetes: a new study has found that This drug It acts in our brain and not only in the liver as we believed before. The discovery opens the door to possible new therapeutic, more effective and precise pathways, in the treatment of diabetes. Rap1. The new study develops around Rap1 proteina protein that is usually found in the brain region known as ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH). As the team observed in its analysis, metformin acts in this region “turn off” the rap1 function. Modified mice. To check it, the team administered a high fat diet, with which they emulated the effects of type 2 diabetes, to modified mice so that they did not have the rap1 protein in their VMH. Then they administered several types of drugs against diabetes: metformin, insulin and GLP-1 agonists (peptide similar to glucagon 1). When this protein disappeared, metformin ceased to be effective in reducing blood sugar while the other treatments continued to work. The team performed another test to demonstrate the key role of the brain in the functioning of metformin. For this they inject small amounts of the drug diréctorly into the brains of mice with diabetes. They were able to observe that, in doing their blood sugar levels, they decreased, even with “thousands of times smaller” doses of which they are usually administered orally. Combined action. The new study suggests that the biochemical mechanisms with which metformin acts in our body are more complex than we thought. Until now we knew that the drug acted on the liver and we also had evidence that the intestines also act. Now we not only have evidence that it acts on the brain, but it seems that in this context it responds to smaller doses than is required to act in the other areas of the body. The details of the study have been published In an article In the magazine Science Advances. New treatments. The responsible team keeps the hope that the new discovery will contribute to the development of new treatments against diabetes, drugs that focus on this “path” of the brain. The effects of this drug go beyond the control of diabetes, the team recalls: it has also been linked to slower cerebral aging. Of course, it can also have adverse effects, although uncommon, one of the most serious is lactic acidosis, a serious and potentially deadly disease. In Xataka | This is the great hope of competition to replace Ozempic. Your weapon: banish needles with a pill Image | Sweet Life

We have been asking us for years for some refrigerators. Samsung has just found utility: put ads

by

2016 ran when we were amazed at The huge screen Samsung had integrated into one of his refrigerators. Since then, they have become a classic in the highest range refrigerators than Sometimes they cost thousands of euros. On the screen we can see time, receive notifications, see recipes, see the content of the refrigerator and now also see ads. Neverera ads. It has happened in the United States. Some refrigerator users of the Family Hub range have received an unexpected update. The news came first through This user in Reddit that attached an image with the update screen where it indicates the novelties it includes. He says: “To improve our service and offer additional content to users, advertisements on the home screen will be displayed.” At the moment they have not transcended images of how those ads are. A pilot program. In a statement sent to Android AuthoritySamsung has confirmed that it is a pilot program for some refrigerators of the Family Hub range in the United States, with which they will show ads when the screen is inactive. This is the full statement: Samsung is committed to innovation and improving the value for our appliance customers every day. As part of our continuous efforts to strengthen that value, we are carrying out a pilot program to offer promotions and announcements selected in certain Samsung Family Hub refrigerator models in the US market. As part of this pilot program, the Family Hub refrigerators of the US will receive a software update through the network (OTN) with the terms of service (T&C) and the privacy notice (PN). Advertising will appear on certain cover screens of Family Hub. The cover screen appears when the Family Hub screen is inactive. The announcement design format can change depending on the family customization options for the deck screen, and advertising will not appear when the cover screen shows the ART or photo albums mode. The ads can be discarded on the deck screens where they are shown, which means that the specific ads will not appear during the campaign period. Screens everywhere. In April, Samsung announced his new range of bispoke ai appliances, All with touch screens. In The Verge They asked the R&D person if Your initiative “screens everywhere” It would end up translating in “ads everywhere.” Samsung said he was not in his plans, but this movement with his refrigerators seems to indicate that the plans have changed, at least in the United States. Calm. As we said, for the moment it is a pilot program aimed at a few users in the United States. In addition, according to the statement, this option could easily be deactivated if we put the ‘art mode’ or photo albums when the screen is inactive. We have asked Samsung if there are plans to bring advertisements to appliances in Spain and we will update this text when we have an answer. Image | Samsung In Xataka | DREame no longer wants to be the brand of vacuum cleaners. Your order to conquer the home: washing machines, refrigerators and even furnaces

3,200 years ago Egypt could not pay his artisans. So he found something unexpected: the first work strike

by

In the Egypt of the twelfth century AC, the reign of the Great Ramses III, one would expect to meet many things: portentous tombs, pyramids, rich hieroglyphs and farmers pending the rise of the Nile to guarantee the prosperity of their crops. Images that fit well in the idea we have of ancient Egypt. If we look at the Deir el-medina From the year 1157 AC, a town of artisans located near the Valley of the Queens, we would nevertheless see something that seems to adjust less to that period: workers promoting a work strike. And not anyone, The first of history. In a remote place in Egypt … Set Maat (better known as Deir el-medinahis Arab name) was a prosperous populated with workers and artisans founded by Pharaoh Tutmosis i. It was located in a privileged place, near the Valley of the Queens and that of the Kings, in front of what is now the city of Luxor. At first The settlement It had just a few dozen houses surrounded by a wall, but it grew and gain relevance. There, in their adobe houses, the workers and artisans lived who at first had An idea: Change the pyramids and mastied for a more protected sepulcher, excavated in the mountain itself. Unexpected protagonist. Deir El-Medina could have gone down simply because of that, forever linked to the name of the pharaoh Tutmosis I, if it were not because in the mid-twelfth century AC it became an unexpected protagonist of one of the most relevant episodes of the world’s work chronicle. The reason? A good day of 1157 AC (Up, downstairs) those same operators who dwelt in their adobe homes and dedicated themselves to shaping the real graves decided to plant. And in doing so they promoted the first work strike in history, a title that today He recognizes him Guinness World Records. Where the hell is my salary? The artisans and workers of Egypt from 3,200 years ago were different from today’s workers. His motivations, no. What ended the patience of Deir El-Medina operators was the delay in the collection of their salaries, which they perceived In speciessuch as grain, cereals, dry fish, beer, vegetables or even The usufruct of certain cultivable plots. As remember The green compassWe know that the workers began to protest when they had more than a week of collection delay. At 20 days the thing worsened and well entered the second month of delays the artisans decided to leave their tools and plant themselves. The problems however were not punctual. They crawled over several years. AMENENKAHT tracks. If we know what happened in that corner of Egypt 3,200 years ago it is largely thanks to a scribe called Amenenkaht, who was in charge of taking good note of everything to inform when vizier. For him we know that the strike arose during the reign of Ramses III, who took the reins of the kingdom approximately between 1186 AC and 1155 AC it is believed that the problems with the workers of Deir el-Medina began Towards 1159 AC And they were dragging, without solution, until “the payment system of the workers of the necropolis collapsed completely”, Comment Egyptologist Toby Wilkinson. “Year 20, second month of the flood, day 10. Today the work squad crossed the walls of the necropolis (the control post) shouting: ‘We are hungry!’ 18 days of this month go that (men) sit behind the funeral temple of Tutmosis III “, The scribe said in a document that is known today as the strike papyrus. It even echoes the bitter complaints of the artisans of the town: “If we have reached this point it is because of hunger and thirst; there are no clothes, there are no ointments, there is no fish, there are no vegetables …” And what did they do? They said enough. They refused to wait more for a payment that was delayed and went to the city to the shout of “We are hungry!”making clear their demands in the temple of Ramses III and in the vicinity of Tutmosis III, where they came to camp. They even went to the Central Gray Warehouse of Thebes and blocked the accesses to the Valley of the Kings, which complicated that the priests and family made the offerings to the dead. In a long pull and loosen they managed to pay back payments and everything indicates, slide Worldhistorythat in the end both parties reached an agreement so that the workers could collect their salaries as agreed. Why is it important? The first reason is the historical relevance of protests. It is not crazy To think that before, in Egypt or even Mesopotamia, similar situations had been lived. And there is Who thinks that the first real strike was lived centuries later, in 494 AC, in Rome, with the Secessio plebis. The truth, however, is that the mobilization of the artisans and workers of Deir El-Medina was officially considered the first documented work strike to date. So figure In fact on the pages of Guinness World Records. Beyond that ‘title’ the episode is relevant for its impact and Egypt. As Remember Joshua J. Mark In World History, in ancient Egypt there was a basic concept called ma´atthe individual, social and universal balance that deposited in the pharaoh a series of responsibilities, including the well -being of the population, the security of the borders and the fulfillment of religious rites. Ramses III highlighted in the second, but his reign was marked by economic turbulence that complicated the payment to artisans. With this he found a peculiar situation: protests before which the authorities did not know very well how to react and that, in a way, “violated the principle of Ma´at.” A milestone that today highlights Deir el-Medina in history books. Images | Wikipedia 1, 2 and 3 In Xataka | The hieroglyphs of ancient Egypt have always fascinated archaeologists. They just missed a key track to understand them

It has rained so much in Spain during 2025 that we are going to have the worst citrus harvest of the last 16 years

by

The Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food has just published the capacity of citrus of this year. At first glance, the data are devastating: it is estimated that Spanish farmers They will produce 5.44 million tons of citrus fruits. That is 10.7% less than last campaign and 14.2% less than the last five campaigns. We talk about the worst campaign in 16 years. The only positive thing about this data is that they are better that those who were giving the producers themselves. A world giant … in back. Do not forget that, for the Spanish economy, citrus fruits are not one more product. Not only is the sixth citrus producer of the world; It is that almost 25% of global exports leave here and, in fact, more than half of national production is used for sale in foreign markets. Every year, the country sells the equivalent of 3.6 billion euros throughout the country. With this in mind, the fall in production could be seen as a lousy news and, nevertheless, the Spanish field is at a point where (without despising its pernicious effects) it can be the best that has happened to it. As? As it sounds. The best example is lemon, according to ministry estimates, lemon production would fall to about 866,657 tons. That is, 14.7% less than the previous year: 149,400 tons less. It seems a lot, but we take into account that, According to COAGlast year they were discarded around 400,000 tons. The figure does not seem so big. In the end, in just eight years, Spain has gone from having 36,000 hectares dedicated to the cultivation of lemon to 53,000. The lemon went from being “the chicken of the golden eggs” from the Spanish field to a trap that has forced many producers to start tear out trees. However, that is not the reason for the fall. According to the mapthe main factors behind this setback are the excessive spring rain (which coincided with flowering and contributed to their rot), high temperatures during citrus development and a series of hail episodes in producing areas. Where does Spanish agriculture go? Be that as it may, this adjustment of oranges and lemons can help to clean up a sector that has a long time. The question, however, is what damage will cause that sanitation and which parts of the sector will take ahead. As with other agricultural products (such as The Canary Islands banana or the traditional olive grove) the succession of bad years has led the producers to the edge of the abyss and all the alternatives are bad. Image | Jesus Ginter | Noele Cooper Image | From the fever to the crisis of lemon: why in Spain there are 400 million kilos of fruit that nobody wants to collect

Log In

Forgot password?

Forgot password?

Enter your account data and we will send you a link to reset your password.

Your password reset link appears to be invalid or expired.

Log in

Privacy Policy

Add to Collection

No Collections

Here you'll find all collections you've created before.