years

In 1958 we found a skull with 300,000 years in China. The problem is that we do not know what “homo” belongs

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It all started a 1958 day when some peasants from the province of Guangdong in China were collecting guano of bat in a cave and noticed something unusual: bone remains that looked like a human skull. They warned local researchers, who cataloged the piece and baptized it with the name of the nearest people, Mabaand the number ‘1’. When did this be live? At some point in the period between 130,000 and 300,000 years ago, and the big question to answer was to what extent It was our ancestor. A recent study already has the answer. More or less. The ‘Chinese Neanderthal’. You will be wondering how such an extremely open temporal fan is handled, and the answer is that it is complex to perform a more precise dating due to complexity of both the site in which it was found and the features of Maba 1. At first, the specimen was nicknamed as’ the Chinese Neanderthal‘Due to cranial similarities with that species, but other studies have dismantled that hypothesis, bringing it closer to homo. It does not fit. But there was still a problem: facial similarities and microtomography analysis rule out that it was a neanderthal, yes, but it is not fully fits with a Homo erectus or with the Homo sapiens. Either with those Denisovanosand the problem is that it can be many things. Facial features, such as nasal prominence, brings Maba 1 to Neanderthals, but the neurocranium It has similarities with Homo Heidelbergensis and Homo Erectus. However, the cranial volume is comparable to that of modern humans and everything adds to a set that is very different from other Chinese fossils of the Pleistocene. Summary: We have no idea. Seeking to learn more about him, the authors of A new study carried out by researchers from the Institute of Paleontology and Paleantropology of Vertebrates of the Chinese Academy of Sciences analyzed the cranial cavity, the diplus vessels and the rest of the internal structures of the skull. Using the technique of tomography, researchers discovered that MABA 1 does not belong to a single class: it belongs to many. And the truth is that it is not so strange to find hominids of this period that they do not fit completely into established categories. No, it is not a “lost link”, at least not in the most colloquial sense, but it seems to be an individual belonging to those cases than They blur the limits between different species human 3D reconstruction of the skull for study But it teaches us something. This whole case reminds me of the episode of ‘The Simpsons‘In which Lisa finds the skeleton of an’ angel ‘and takes a piece to the local archaeologist to investigate it. After the evidence (which we later knew he did not make), his conclusion was that the results were not conclusive. With Maba 1 something similar happens, but it does leave us an important lesson. The researchers comment that “the internal structures of MABA 1 show a combination of morphological characteristics found in several species. And these findings further evidenced the high morphological variability among Asian hominids in the middle pleistocene.” In fact, Maba 1 is a perfect example of that complexity in the human evolution that we commented, since the mixture of features reminds other contemporary fossils found … in Africa. Researchers are clear that “currently, it cannot be definitively classified in any known hominid taxon”, but also that it remains a key fossil to understand the diversity of the hominids of the Middle Pleistocene in Asia. At the moment, it is not a Neanderthal and, now, we also know that it is a “no erectus.” We will see what happens in future investigations, but Maba 1 is not unique. Images | Ryan Somma, Mankuen In Xataka | The “ghost species” with which our ancestors were settled and disappeared without (almost) leave a trace

We have been confusing celiachy and gluten intolerance for years. The difference is important but invisible to the naked eye

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In recent years we have seen that celiacía or celiac disease and gluten intolerances They were visible. Although today society is more familiar with these terms, the fact that the element that unleashes both adverse reactions of our body is the same, gluten, implies possible confusion between one disorder and another. Let’s start with the basics: What is gluten. Gluten is a protein that we can find in the grains of some plants, among which we can highlight wheat, rye or barley. Gluten can even be extracted and used as an additive to give some texture and flavor. However, in the supermarket we will also find products that highlight in its packaging the absence of this protein. The reason is that many people feel adverse reactions to their consumption. These reactions have different origins but similar symptoms, which makes many people not familiar with the differences between these two disorders. Celiacy It is an autoimmune disorder. When celiac people consume buttocks, their immune system is unleashed and damages intestinal villi. These are microscopic projections that are part internal lining of the intestine, fundamental when absorbing nutrients. The damage caused hinders precisely the absorption of nutrients after the autoimmune reaction is unleashed. We do not know of the existence of a cure for this disease and it is little that we know of its origin. We do know that there is a hereditary component: people with celiac relatives are more likely to suffer from this disorder. Among its symptoms, abdominal pain, gases, constipation, apparently inexplicable weight loss, among others, can be found. Gluten intolerance, gluten sensitivity or Non -celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is also unleashed as a reaction to gluten consumption and presents some similar symptoms to celiac disease. However, in these cases, experts are not clear about the intervention of the immune system because antibodies are not detected in our body’s response to protein consumption. This adverse reaction can also make symptoms arise in our digestive system, including gases, diarrhea or constipation; as well as symptoms of other types such as headache, joint pain or rashes. Little by little we study this type of problem, but there is still little we know about this intolerance. Similarities and differences The fundamental difference between gluten and celiacan intolerance is what makes the latter a more serious disorder, and it is the damage that appears in the intestine and that can affect how our body absorbs our body nutrients. This damage does not occur in intolerant people. He Autoimmune origin It can also be seen as an important difference. Both disorders share some symptoms but it is also important to cut the gluten of diets also leads to a rapid improvement of these symptoms. So how is each condition diagnosed? When we feel that gluten feels bad for us We can submit to some tests that tell us if we have celiacy. A Antibody test You can tell us if our body is generating an autoimmune reaction by processing gluten. We can also make a genetic test that tells us if our genes are related to a propensity to suffering from the disease. Finally, a biopsy can indicate if we present intestinal lesions of celiacism. If the tests do not indicate the probability that we suffer from this disease but our symptoms refer by ceasing to consume gluten, it is likely that the diagnosis is NGCS. “Celiac disease is a disorder of the immune system that damages your small intestine even when you eat a small amount of gluten. Celiachy also runs in the blood,” Explain Alberto Rubio Tapiaof the Cleveland Clinic. “(Non -celiac gluten sensitivity) is a digestive disorder, not an immune system problem. NGCS does not damage your intestine and does not tend to repeat itself in families.” As if this were not enough, there is another disorder that can sometimes lead us to confusion. Celiacía and intolerance should not be confused with food allergiesespecially with the Wheat allergy. Being wheat, an important gluten source, falling into this error can be easy. A not very severe food allergy can cause similar symptoms that could be confused with those of celiac disease or with gluten intolerance. Other symptoms of allergies, such as itching in the eyes or respiratory problems can help us distinguish this third problem. Distinguishing between the three conditions is more important than it seems. The most severe food allergies can put our lives at risk, but celiachy is also related to serious health problems that can occur in the long term. Celiac people tend for example to present a Greater risk of suffering from intestinal cancer, lactose intolerance or type I diabetes. In Xataka | What is xantana rubber, the thickening additive that replaces gluten: how it is used and nutritional value Image | Wesual click

Years ago I bought an Echo Dot with the idea of ​​using Alexa, but the greatest use I have given is with a Nintendo Switch

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At the beginning of 2023 I bought the Echo Dot of 5th Generation With the idea of ​​creating an ecosystem connected at home. And although in a way I came to do it, I have rarely made use of the functions that Alexa offers. In fact, the use that I have given most is with a Nintendo Switch, and for the 49.99 euros which currently costs the device would use it again. Echo Dot (5th Generation) * Some price may have changed from the last review A device that offers great utility beyond making Alexa use He Echo Dot of 5th Generation It is thought, to some extent, to connect accessories compatible with Alexathus creating a “intelligent” ecosystem to use the voice functions and commands of the assistant. However, we must not forget that We talk about a Bluetooth connectivity speakerand it is precisely what I have squeezed the most. During these years I have had the Amazon device placed in different places of the house. While it is true that now I have it in the living room, most of the time I have had it in the bedroom. On many occasions I have played the console in the bedroom for a small time, and Not having a TV had to use the portable format. The sound of the console is the one that is, so there was a time when I wanted to prove if it could be paired with the echo dot. You can, and the audio quality liked it so much that I have spent many months using the Amazon echo this way. Since then, I have used it with other devices such as my smartphone. Lately I have been around my head buying a portable bluetooth speaker. That is, with integrated battery to connect it to the Nintendo Switch anywhere and not depend on the location where I have the Amazon echo. However, the next step I will take will not be to buy a Bluetooth speaker, but convert the Echo Dot into a portable speaker. In the same Amazon store there are some accessories compatible with the Echo Dot of 5th generation. One of the most interesting is the one who sells the store itself under the Mission Cable brand: it is a Integrated battery accessory to which we can attach the Amazon echo, so that it does not depend on having a power outlet. And its price is not very high, it costs 48.99 euros. In short, the 5th generation Echo has seemed a very useful device. Although I do not express it to the maximum, I have given him a utility that he thought would not give him. The cable mission accessory also seems very useful, especially if we want to use the Amazon device without limiting us to do it in a single room (and without having to buy several Amazon Echo). You may also interest you Mission cables – Current USB cable for Amazon Fire TV * Some price may have changed from the last review Echo Pop (last generation) | Bluetooth smart speaker with Alexa of powerful and compact sound | Lavender * Some price may have changed from the last review Some of the links of this article are affiliated and can report a benefit to Xataka. In case of non -availability, offers may vary. Images | Alberto García in Espinof, Amazon In Xataka | Best Amazon Fire TV. Which to buy and recommended models to turn your TV into a smart TV depending on the use In Xataka | Better televisions in quality Price: which to buy and seven recommended 4K 4K 4K

Good news, the solar system has a new minor planet. Bad news, it’s so far that appears every 25,000 years

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The International Astronomical Union has added a new celestial body to its Minor planet catalog: The Transneptunian object 2017 of201. The solar system has a new member. 2017 of201 has been officially recognized as a minor planet, but has many ballots to end also cataloged as a dwarf planet. This icy world, which orbits much beyond Neptune, in the dark depths of the solar system, was in file data since 2011, but 19 exhibitions were needed over seven years to be able to analyze and classify it as appropriate. What makes this transneptunian object a fascinating world are two things: its incredibly extensive orbit and its considerable size. The new minor planet takes approximately 25,000 years to take a single round to the sun. A distant and not so dwarf planet. At its closest point to our star (the perihelium of its orbit), it approaches about 44.9 astronomical units, a distance similar to that of Pluto. But at its furthest point (its apelium) it ventures to amazing 1,600 UA. To get an idea, Neptune, the planet known more distant to the sun, orbits about 30 UA of our star. The estimates of astronomer Sihao Cheng and his team of Advanced Studies Institute They suggest that 2017 of201 has a diameter of about 700 kilometers. This would place it in the same league as The Dwarf Planet Ceresthe largest object of the asteroid belt (with about 952 km in diameter). In fact, if we judge it for the light that reflects your body, it is the second largest object known In such a wide orbit and eccentric. What if there were others like him? The existence of 2017 of201 suggests that the region of the solar system beyond the Kuiper belt, which was thought relatively empty, I might not be so much. The transneptunian object is currently 90.5, from us. Since it is only detectable for approximately 0.5% of its orbital time, when it is close to its perihelium, there could be hundreds of similar objects, with orbits and similar sizes, waiting to be discovered. This hidden population could add a total mass close to 1% of the dough of the earth, they estimate Cheng and its team. It takes us away from the planet nine. Many extreme transneptunian objects tend to coincide in their perihelium lengths, a phenomenon that some astronomers want to attribute to the gravitational influence of A mass planet not yet discovered: The planet nine. However, the 2017 of201 perihelium length is 306 degrees, which is significantly diverted from the 60 degree group observed in other objects. This orbital peculiarity Challenge the planet models nine. If the planet nine would exist, it would make 2017 of201 expelled from the solar system in relatively short time scales, of hundreds of millions of years, according to the study of IAS. You just lack a name. Already officially member of the Solar System, 2017 of201 is pending to receive a name with more hook. However, its discovery is already providing clues about the origins of the solar system and the dynamics of its most remote confines. What most excites the scientific community is that its discovery was possible thanks to open data, publicly available through the Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey (Decals) project of the Víctor M. Blanco telescope and the Canada-France-French telescope (CFHT). Image | NASA/JPL-CALTECH, SIHAO CHENG et al. In Xataka | Planet’s definition is wrong, and Pluto is the great victim of that chaos

Mercadona has fired its benefits but has also closed stores for the first time in years. The reason: the “stores 8”

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For the first time in decades, Mercadona reduced its physical network while firing benefits 37% to 1,384 million euros. No other Spanish chain approaches that figure. The paradox has a name: “Stores 8”, a format that can double profitability but forces to close establishments incompatible with it. What is happening. The chain went from 1,681 stores in 2023 to 1,674 in 2024, closing 49 establishments compared to 42 openings. It is not crisis: it is strategy. “8” stores “need spaces of 1,500 square meters to be efficient, impossible in much smaller stores, why they will work decades ago. “We are a assembly chain and the less variability it has, the better it works,” said Juan Roig in the presentation of 2024 results, according to Valencia Plaza. A well -located store 8 absorbs customers from several nearby small stores, concentrating traffic at more profitable points. It is a calculated cannibalization. In figures: 1,431 stores already function as store 8 (85.5% of the total). 10,000 million invested in 7 years of transformation. 3.88% record marginup to foreign chains such as Walmart (2.88%) or Costco (2.95%). 419 million allocated in 2024 only to adapt stores to the new model. The context. “8” stores “are diaphanous spaces with large corridors, advanced technology and new sections such as” ready to eat. ” They reduce energy consumption by 40% and improve purchase experience, but demand specific locations with good accesses and parking. Roig admits to make “frequently unpopular decisions” closing stores due to “small size, access problems or lack of profitability.” The model prioritizes operational uniformity over territorial capillarity: better few perfect stores than many mediocre. Yes, but. Nor are they “perfect stores.” Roig himself says it And his own name says: they are called that because “to get to 10 they must still incorporate new elements and services demanded by customers.” Deepen. Mercadona is changing its commercial map by store. The objective is to complete the 100% transformation in 2026, sacrificing less efficient establishments to concentrate investment in Premium locations. Operational perfection has become its competitive advantage, even if that means leaving some neighborhoods without a merchant as hand as before. Outstanding image | Mercadona In Xataka | Juan Roig believes that cooking at home has no future. There are eight million Spaniards who are already giving the right

Spain has been an untouchable power of Mediterranean tourism for years. A country steps on your heels: Türkiye

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With tourism recovering (and even overcoming) the pulse I had before the pandemic, Spain is not the only country that seeks break records and crowned at the top of the podium of international destinations. About 2,500 kilometers from the Iberian Peninsula there is another country, also bathed in the Mediterranean, with a powerful offer of beaches, culture, heritage and gastronomy that struggles for Get a hole in it World top 3 of tourism, a select club now basically reserved to France, Spain and the US. Which? Türkiye. All this accompanied, of course, of a powerful flow of billions of dollars in income for the sector. A for the Top 3. Türkiye is determined to increase at the top of the world tourism ranking. He left it Of course in April his minister of the branch, Mehmet Nuri Ersoyduring a forum organized in Eruzurum, northwest of the country: “In 2024 we managed to become one of the four largest tourist economies in the world, but we will not stop there. Our goal is to be among the first three countries in tourism.” Same message He movedThese days Mehmet İşler, vice president of the Turkish Hotel Federation (Türofed), insisting that the “objective” of the sector is to turn the nation into “one of the three main” powers in the sector. “We have gone from being an affordable holiday destination to be a recognized tourist center,” He claimed in statements collected by Hürriyet Daily Newsthe oldest newspaper in Türkiye. How many tourists do they receive? According to The data Disseminated by his Ministry of Tourism and Culture, in 2024 Türkiye received 62.3 million visitors who translated into income from value of 61.1 billion of dollars. The figure however has a “but”: those 62.3 million include both the 52.6 million of international tourists who passed through the country during the year as the nearly 10 million Turks residing abroad and visited their homeland. The nuance does not mean that the trend of international tourism has been clearly positive in Türkiye. Those 52.6 million foreign visitors suppose A historical record and Improve 9% The result of 2023. The rise also moved to the money generated by the sector: the 61.1 billion dollars registered by the Turkish Statistical Institute (Tüik) reflect an year -on -year increase of 8.3%. And how is 2025? The year has also started with the occasional joy for the Turkish industry, although with nuances. The income flow grew 5.6% during the first quarter to place in 9,450 million Of dollars, but the general balance of visitors was not so good: it stayed at 6.7 million foreign tourists, 5% less than last year. The objectives for this year are ambitious, according to Hürriyet Daily: reach 65 million visitors and shoot the billing at 64,000 million dollars. Expanding the photo. To appreciate the growth of Turkish tourism, however, to take perspective and follow its evolution over the last years. He Historical record De Türsab show that in 2017 the country received around 32.4 million foreign visitors. In 2024 they were 52.6 millionso the increase was 62% in less than a decade. In cash and sound money, that boom resulted in an increase even greater of income Climbing in the ranking. Thanks to this growth Türkiye sneaked first in the Top 10 of the great international destinations and climbed positions in that table. The World Population Review website places it in The sixth place In 2024, behind France, Spain, USA, China and Italy. In other classifications (2023) occupies the fifth. It would actually be various criteria When ordering destinations, such as the flow of international travelers, the weight of the tourism sector or the volume of income. During Your intervention In Erzurum, Ersoy claimed that Turkey managed World Tourism Organizationhe trusted to be fourth in 2024. Important how much … and where. The growth of Turkish tourism does not respond only to the attractiveness of Istanbul or Capadocia, its landscape and gastronomy or the government’s commitment to boost the sector. 2024 data show that it has managed to become strong in certain key markets, such as Russian or Iranian. The first, who now see their flights to Europe for The answer From the West to the war in Ukraine, they grew 6% to add 6.7 million of travelers, almost 13% of the total. Iran received about 3.2 million tourists, 31% more than the previous year. Other key markets were the German, the second main issuing market, with 6.6 millionthe British (4.4 million) or the Bulgarians (2.9), also of course from the Turkish citizens who live outside the country and fly to visit their nation. In 2024 they touched the 10 million. In the first three months of the year the demand punctured in the Russian, German and Iranian markets, so Türsab trusts in alleviating its fall with China, Germany or the United Kingdom. The figures import (all). Turkey tourist emerge is interesting because it has not only translated into more visitors. That trend has come accompanied by greater income flow in a country that, Recognize Ersoyit has been proposed to “prioritize quality over quantity”. “The objective is not only to increase the number of visitors, but go to tourists with high expenses not related to accommodation.” For now, 2025 would have started with an increase in almost 5% In the average spending per traveler. And how does Spain affect? Spain and Türkiye may be separated by thousands of kilometers, but in a way they point to the same markets thanks to their heritage offer, Sun and beach. Although their sector drinks largely from Russian and Iranian markets, Turkish hotels have attracted an intense flow of German and British travelers, very relevant markets for Spanish tourism. Only in 2024 both countries added 20% of foreign demand. Turkish growth in those key points could threaten that of Spain, which It goes now Towards the barrier of 100 million of foreign travelers. In his favor Türkiye has another great asset: prices. Although the fees of their hotels … Read more

Japan has made an airport not lose a suitcase in 30 years. Now you have to achieve another milestone: that it does not sink

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Now that that moment of the year is approaching where millions of travelers prepare to face the flights that will take them to the long -awaited holidays, an airport room is also ready for the arrival of one of those evils assumed as part of the package: the lost or lost suitcases. Although there is an exception. In Japan an airport has erected as the most efficient of the planet. They have been three decades Without losing luggage. His problem is another, and is underground. 30 years without a complaint. As we said, in a sector where loss is almost evil assumed by travelers, the Kansai International Airportin Japan, it offers an amazing anomaly: in its three decades of operationhas never lost a suitcase, a baby cart, a couple of skis or a single bag. The feat, which its employees describe with modesty as a simple consequence of following the rules, has made Kansai a reference of silent efficiency. Serving the regions of Osaka and Kyoto, and with 30 million passengers International a year, its record cannot be attributed to a low volume of traffic. What distinguishes it is meticulous attention to detail: from aligning the handles of the suitcases to facilitate their collection until they personally deliver fragile or bulky objects directly in the hands of the passenger. In Xataka Nobody wants to spend three hours on a Saturday. And that’s why hypermarkets go down Operational discipline. Had in Japan Times Tsuyoshi Habuta, supervisor of one of the luggage manipulation companies in Kansai, which behind there is no special training or secret systems. According to him, merit lies in Comply with established processes And act carefully: each suitcase is treated as something valuable, not only for its content, but for what it represents for the passenger. Your team manages some 3,000 pieces a dayand the manipulation procedure of is a ballet Synchronized revisions and cross controls. Each piece is counted not only at the time of check-in, but also during and after the flight. The workers inspect that the number of packaged packages coincide exactly with those downloaded, both in the airplane warehouse and in the safety control rooms. If something does not block, the search begins immediately. The rule of the quarter hour. Plus: There is a tacit rule. Deliver all luggage in the collection zone in less than fifteen minutes From landing is a priority. This system is what has made the airport a world reference of efficiency, being awarded eight times with international awards for its excellence in the delivery of luggage. Airport Aerial View Omotenashi philosophy. Behind this impeccable history is also the Japanese concept of omotenashior hospitality as art. According to testimonies of the workers themselves collected by NPRcommitment is not only with logistics efficiency, but with the happiness of the passenger. For them, excellence is not an objective achieved but a constant improvement, fueled by the humility of learning every day and the responsibility of representing Japanese quality to the world. This collective attitude generates an organizational culture where The error is not allowednot for fear of punishment, but for professional pride. Wonder of engineering. The airport, opened in 1994, is built entirely About an artificial island In Osaka Bay and remains one of the infrastructure projects more ambitious and expensive Never performed. Conceived to relieve the saturation of the Osaka airport, Kansai has evolved to become the third busiest airport from Japan. Its initial construction cost around 14,000 million dollars, but with expansions and adjustments it has reached an estimated value of 20,000 million in 2008figure that, adjusted to current inflation, could double. Endowed with characteristics such as flexible asphalt tracks capable of resisting earthquakes and a high structure on 900 hydraulic cats that allow leveling the terminal as the ground sits, the airport has even resisted the devastating Kobe earthquake 1995 without compromising its operation. Osaka Bay Marine bed The problem: it sinks. It We count a while ago. Despite all his technological advances, Kansai faces a persistent and increasingly worrying threat: It is sinking. Since its inauguration, the airport has already descended about 11.5 meters And it is expected that another additional four meters could descend before 2056, approaching dangerously to the sea level. This situation is due to the fact that it was built on land earned to the sea, a highly compressible alluvial clay base that, under the weight of the artificial island, releases water and contracts, causing the progressive sinking of the soil. Although engineers have tried to accelerate land consolidation through “sand drains” (deep holes stuffed with sand to evacuate moisture), the settlement was not completed before starting construction, and the effects continue to accumulate over time. {“Videid”: “X8ST3IM”, “Autoplay”: False, “Title”: “Japan ride generated with Sora”, “Tag”: “”, “Duration”: “17”} Fight against the sea. In 2018, a powerful typhoon flooded one of the slopesconfirming that the problem is not theoretical or distant. In response, the containment dike rose in 2.7 meters To prevent future floods, but experts agree that these measures are palliative and will not be enough in the long term without a large -scale intervention. Yes, the airport is designed to adjust structurally and adapt to the movements of the land, but the geological environment itself (that species of “wet sponge” of loose clay) represents a continuous and silent threat. Every centimeter that descends more compromises its future viability, and although for now it remains an example of advanced engineering, the countdown to its physical obsolescence has already begun. In Espinof I’ve seen ‘Rogue One’ after finishing ‘Andor’. I still have the impression that they are two half films forced to meet Monument with expiration date. In summary, Kansai is a fascinating paradox: a symbol of what human engineering can achieve and a reminder of the limits that imposes nature. While continuing to operate effectively recognized worldwide (With its unmatched record of delivery of luggage without losses), its future survival asshole a complex equation between technology, resources and political decisions. Without large … Read more

Thirteen years after its discovery, Higgs’ boson is still a mystery. The AI ​​is already ending

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The history of Higgs boson It still has to be written. Almost thirteen years have passed since CERN physicists confirmed that they had found a new particle whose properties were consistent with the characteristics attributed to This peculiar Boson. July 4, 2012 Humanity witnessed a monumental milestonebut that moment was not the culmination of a project; Actually it was the first bend of a path in which we have only taken a few steps. Today physicists continue to study the properties of the Boson of Higgs. In fact, it is so important to know a little better this particle that the CERN technicians have introduced in the LHC, their largest particle accelerator, the necessary modifications to produce several million bosons of Higgs during the next two or three years. Currently this machine operates with a higher level of energy hoping to check if this boson is really a fundamental particle. Or if, on the contrary, it has internal structure. The Higgs boson is important because it allows us to understand how elementary particles acquire mass as a result of their interaction with the Higgs field. If this mechanism did not exist Standard modelthat even today is the most successful physics theory, it would not be valid. Whatever CERN physicists have a plan to know it better. The AI ​​is already helping particle physicists to decipher the Higgs boson CERN scientists have tried to recreate the necessary conditions to produce as much as possible of hyggs bosons pairs simultaneously and in the same place. It is not at all a capricious purpose. Their intention is to study the interaction between two of these particles because they suspect that it is a fundamental mechanism of the standard model that can help them understand to what extent the Higgs boson helps to sustain the stability of our universe. Unravel the interaction of this boson with the lighter quarks continues to be a colossal challenge The first step in this search requires unraveling how this particle gives mass to matter, and physicists who are developing their research in the CMS experiment of the CERN have devised a very ingenious ploy. Until now, scientists have observed in multiple experiments Higgs boson interaction with quarks Cima (top) and background (Bottom)and have proven that their measures coincide with the predictions of the standard model. However, unravel the interaction of this boson with the lighter quarks, such as above (UP), below (Down) or charm (Charm), it continues to be a colossal challenge. And knowing better this mechanism is essential to reveal if the Boson of Higgs is really responsible for conferring mass to ordinary matter. Fortunately, the physicists of the CMS experiment have a very powerful tool with which they did not have very recently: the artificial intelligence (AI). During a seminar that these investigators were held last week, they presented the results of their Higgs Boson observations when disintegrating and leading to the production of two charming quarks. The most important thing is that using avant -garde techniques managed to establish The strictest limits to date in the context of the interaction between the Boson of Higgs and the quark charm. Without AI, it is extremely difficult to identify this particular process and distinguish it from other collision events that have a similar appearance. There is still a lot of work to be done, but the good news is that physicists trust that this strategy allows them to filter the results they will obtain in the next LHC campaigns. And if with a lot of work and a little luck they manage to completely decipher the Boson of Higgs will not only corroborate their role in mass generation for all quarks; They will also confirm, once again, the predictions of the until now infallible standard model. Image | Generated by Xataka with Gemini More information | Cern In Xataka | CERN physicists believed that symmetry between quarks up and down is broken. Is much more than they expected In Xataka | Physicists want to understand how Higgs boson stabilizes our universe. Fortunately, they have a plan

The broken bones of a dog from 16,000 years ago tell an important story: it was already our pet

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Although sometimes we forget it when We look at certain dogsthese animals were wild one day. It is not clear to what exact time Dog domestication beganbut what is evident is that, for humans, it was A ‘technological’ revolution. There are hypotheses that point to a domestication that would have occurred 40,000 or 20,000 years ago, but the most consistent tests point to Some point 14,000 or 17,000 years ago. There are several deposits in which evidence of the existence of the dog has already been found as a domestic animal, being the specimen found in Guipúzcoa the oldest known to date. In 2021, however, we found more than archaeological remains of a domestic dog: we find the proof that, in the stone age, Humans already worried about these animals. Maybe Not as much as nowbut there are those who think it was when we started to be ‘Pet Friendly’ as a species. The Paleolithic dog and the two sides of our early coexistence with them The discovery occurred when a group of speleologists was exploring the Cave of Baume Traucade to the south of France. In a cavity about 160 meters underground, they found something unique: a practically complete skeleton of an adult bitch. And the analysis Recently published It allows us to know all the details of the copy. The researchers consider that it is the remains of a dog of about 26 kilos of weight and a height to the cross of about 62 centimeterssimilar to that of a current Husky. With about 16,000 years old, it is in the category of “Paleolithic dog.” This represents the transition stage between the Wild and domesticated specimens. Even so, as impressive as their conservation, taking into account their age, they are the brands they found. Mietje Germonpréfrom the Institute of Natural Sciences of Belgium, led the analysis and Comment That the humans of the Paleolithic began to collect wolf puppies from their burrows and to raise them at home as ‘pets’. The good condition of its bones allowed a comparative analysis with Lobosmodern dogs and other prehistoric fossils, but above all something caught attention: trauma marks. The team of researchers found evidence of several broken vertebrae that had healed, indicating that those humans of the past were already worried about caring for dogs when they were injured. However, the story of this specimen has a traumatic end. Literally. In addition to the bones that managed to heal, the researchers also found two sharp wounds in the scapulae that did not heal. This suggests that they occurred shortly before the animal’s death and, above all, that those wounds were produced by human weapons. It is impossible to know if he died at the hands of the tribe that took care of it or a rival faction, but it seems clear to infer that, in those early years of domestication, The relationship between dogs and humans was tensewith interest on the one hand, but fear and violence on the other. And, although finding that moment in which the dog ceased to be a wild animal and became our best friend is fascinating, it is also to verify how that company during millennia is causing that Dogs continue to evolve. The key? Our relationship is now not so based on work, but in closeness. Image | Paul Bill In Xataka | There is someone whose brain is synchronized when you look into his eyes. And that someone is your dog

The Curiosity Rover has been climbing a mountain of Mars for 12 years. I just sent an impressive video from above

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He Increased Rover Curiosity He has sent to Earth a new Marte video that is simply a jewel: an immersive panoramic view of 30 seconds that transports us directly to the slopes of Mount Sharp. Look at it full screen because this is the closest thing to a walk on the red planet that we will have until Elon Musk puts the starship flights at the balance price. A family world. At first glance, the images captured by NASA’s rover last February could remind us of a desert landscape in Chile or the southwest United States. But do not deceive your eyes: that “saw” that is seen in the distance is actually the edge of the gigantic Gale crater, formed by the impact of an asteroid billions of years ago. Curiosity, a rolling laboratory to the size of a mini cooperation, was then ascending on the slopes of Mount Sharp, an imposing mountain of almost 5 kilometers of height sculpted by the time inside the crater itself. Since its arrival in 2012, the Curiosity Rover has traveled about 32 kilometers on the dusty Martian land, exploring the Gale Crater without rest. What we are seeing. The area where these images were taken, formally known as “sulfate carrier unit”, is full of saline minerals. Scientists believe that these minerals are the legacy of streams and ponds that dried eones, before Mars went from being a world potentially similar to Earth to the ice cream desert we know today. NASA invites us to get carried away by imagination: “You can imagine the silent and dim wind, or perhaps even the waves of a disappeared lake have long licking an old shore.” Rumbo to new mysteries. Although it has been on Mars for almost 13 years, the Curiosity expedition does not stop here. Left behind the Gediz Vallis channel, where about a year ago accidentally discovered elementary sulfur (A disconcerting finding, since on Earth it is usually associated with volcanic gases or bacterial activity). And now he is now heading towards a region with some intriguing geological formations called “Boxwork”. These structures, seen from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter orbiter, seem like a kind of spider web, with ridges extending for several kilometers that will probably need warm groundwater to form. And where there is water, it is already known, there is potential to find past life clues. The researchers wonder If you are “Boxwork” They could have housed old unicellular microorganisms and have sent the Curiosity Rover to find out. The Curiosity Rover seen from above for the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter probe Another point of view. While Curiosity covers these long journeys on the Martian surface, the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Follow it from above. On February 28, the Hirise Chamber of the ship captured the first orbital image of the rover in full displacement by the red planet In the image, Curiosity appears as a dark mota in front of a long trace of fingerprints that extend about 320 meters. Curiosity’s footprints can remain visible for months before the Martian wind erases them. Images | POT In Xataka | Curiosity continues to send us videos about Mars. Thanks to him we have discovered something weird: his clouds

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