space

The European space agency wants its own mini-starship. And just given 40 million to an air to design it

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If Elon Musk is right, the rockets that have not been designed to be totally reusable They will stop making sense Once Starship manages to land and reuse his second stage. Not to fall into the sack of irrelevancethe European Space Agency has just signed a contract with the Italian company Avio to develop its own mini-nave starship. The contract. Avio, already manufactures the European rockets Vegawill receive 40 million euros from ESA to design a reusable rocket stage. The contract lasts for 24 months. During this time, the Italian company will be responsible for defining the requirements, system design and technologies necessary to create a higher stage capable of returning to Earth safely and, something no less important, reused in recurring missions. The agreement closed on Monday During the International Astronautics Congress of Sydney marks a new milestone in the transition of European rockets towards total reuse. A strategy that, following the path marked by Spacex, seeks to reduce costs and increase the frequency of space releases. A clear inspiration. Although the technical details are still scarce, the conceptual image that accompanies the announcement is … revealing. Shows a two -stage rocket whose upper part undeniably remembers the Spacex Starshipalthough on a much smaller scale. The Avio rocket would be 36.5 meters high, compared to 123 meters of Elon Musk’s Martian system. As for the engine type, analyst Andrew Parsonson writes in European Spaceflight that Avio could take advantage of his experience in liquid methane and oxygen systems, reusing technology from his MR10 engines, currently in development for the future Covete Vega E. And the first stage? According to ESA, the Abarca project Both the flight segment and the groundbut not for that reason the first integrated versions of the rocket will be totally reusable. In the sketch, the European mini-starship seems to be stacked on a solid fuel propeller P120C, which uses the Vega C. rocket In a two -stage rocket, the first spear to the second to space, and the second displays the satellites in the desired orbit before exorbiting. The European race to manufacture a rocket with a first reusable stage is already underway, and PLD Space is located Among the candidates to get it. But developing a superior stage also reusable is a more ambitious and complex objective. The question is how much advantage Europe will have trimmed with this first investment. Images | Avio, that In Xataka | Europe’s access depends on the United States. ESA has presented a strategic plan to become independent

Russia sent 75 mice to space in a Soviet design capsule. All have returned except 10

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A few days ago landed in the Russian steppe A capsule falls from the sky reminiscent of the dawn of the space race. It was the descent module of the Bion-M mission No. 2, launched a month before the space from the Baikonur cosmodrome. Its crew: cell cultures, seeds, 1,500 fruit flies and 75 male mice, of which 65 have survived. 30 days of polar orbit. The ship orbit the Earth from Pole to Polo to expose its passengers to the levels of cosmic radiation that the crew of the future Russian Space Station will receive. That is, 33% higher than those experienced by the International Space Station. The mice They were divided into groups: Some genetically modified, other treaties with a special medicine and a control group. The objective was to quantify the damage of radiation in its body and test countermeasures such as drugs or shields that could have direct applications both in the Earth’s orbit and in future trips to the Moon and Mars. The new Russian cosmonauts. They will not go down in history like the Laika dog, but the mice have played their role. The mission has been a success and the 10 specimens that died did so for reasons that the director of the Russian biomedical problems, Oleg Orlov, attributes that they were male miceaggressive and with “complex intragrupal conflicts.” Is it a success that 10 mice died? If we compare it with the previous mission, it is. In the first Bion-M, which took place in 2013, a failure in the life support systems caused the death of 29 of the 45 mice on board. That now 87% of animals have survived, and that deaths occur due to natural or behavioral causes, it is a great improvement. A capsule like Yuri Gagarin. Of course, the return of the mice has not been precisely quiet. As explained in detail Daniel Marín’s disseminator In its blog, the Bion-M spacecraft is a spherical capsule derived from the Vostok, the same that led Yuri Gagarin to space. This design does not allow maneuvers to soften the reentry, so landing is somewhat aggressive. For sample, the capsule caused a small fire in the ombourg steppe after impacting the ground. But the cause was not the impact, but the solid fuel retrocohetes located in the parachute lines. The fire was quickly controlled. And the flies? As we said, the biosatellite also transported a complete biological laboratory with fungi, lichens, seeds and about 1,500 fruit flies, part of a multigenerational experiment. According to the Russian Academy of Sciencesthe flies that traveled in the Bion-M No. 2 are the seventh generation of a line that originated in the International Space Station. During the 30 -day mission, the ninth and tenth generation were born. The plan is that, after a few more generations on Earth, their descendants are sent again to the International Space Station, continuing an insect lineage that has never known normal terrestrial gravity. Now, scientists have months of work analyzing recovered biological data and samples. The 65 surviving mice and their interplanetary travel companions are a valuable source of information that will help make the next space trips safer. Image | ROSCOSMOS In Xataka | The ruins of the Soviet space program in Kazakhstan: a hangar surrounded by death and fascination

This is the first treprel-c of PLD Space

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The heart of the Spanish rocket Miura 5 has taken shape. PLD Space presented on Monday The first fully integrated unit of the Treprel-C motor. It is not a minor achievement: with 190 km By a private company in Europe. And it is on its way to its first lit. Heat, you go out. PLD Space has not stopped this summer. Nor in its facilities in Teruel airport, where a few days ago, a tank of the future Miura 5 loaded with liquid oxygen He exceeded successfully A breakage test at cryogenic temperature. Nor in its headquarters and factory of Elche, where the first fully integrated Treprel-C engine has just left. This first model, aimed at qualification tests, contains the largest turbobombes developed by a European startup and represents a giant technological leap to the miura tapTell-B engine. After the engineering phase, integration and tests “hardware-in-the-loop, the propeller will be submitted in Teruel to a complete cycle and a series of ignition tests to ensure that you are ready to fly. This is the Treprel-C. Acronym for “Spanish technology for reusable spatial propulsion for pitchers”, the Treprel-C engine uses an open cycle fed by a gas generator with a single monoaex turbobomb pump. According to the PLD Space CEO, Raúl Torresthe engine burns approximately 80 kg of RP-1 kerosene and liquid oxygen per second. The first stage of Miura rocket 5 It will be driven by five treprel-C, which have a height of 2 meters and a 62 centimeter nozzle diameter. In total, they will make 950 kN of thrust. PLD Space also works on climbing the production of its factory to achieve a manufacturing rate of an engine every two weeks before the end of the year. The most advanced in its class. With its 190 kN, the Treprel-C is the most powerful private engine of its type between manufacturers of European microlanzers. An infographic of Daniel Marín Put the figures in perspective: Helix (RFA): The German Rocket Factory Augsburg Develop the Helix engine, which will propel the RFA One rocket. Nine of these engines, which use a stages combustion cycle, will generate a 100 kN thrust. Aquila (Isar Aerospace): also from Germany, Isar Aerospace Bet on the Aquila engine for its Spectrum rocket. With a gas generator cycle, each of its nine engines provides 75 kN of thrust, using propane and liquid oxygen as propellents. SkyForce (Skyorora): in the United Kingdom, Skyorora He works at the SkyForce engine for his Skyorra XL pitcher. This engine, which burns hydrogen and peroxide, reaches 70 kn of thrust. Prime (Orbex): The British also Orbex He has developed the Prime engine for his homonymous rocket. It is the smallest of the comparison, with a thrust of only 30 kN Spain wants to take off. With these data, the PLD Space Treprel-C not only folds the second engine on the list, but consolidates the position of the Spanish company at the forefront of the development of pitchers in Europe, as demonstrated by a recent contract of ESA For PLD to develop a guide, navigation and control system (CNG), While it is the most important, Elche is only one of the Spanish New Space axes. In Barcelona, ​​the PANgea Propulsion company (Before Pangaa Aerospace) Develop a different concept with its Aerospike Arcos engine. This technological demonstrator, designed modularly for higher stages, promises a push of 750 kN. Images | PLD Space In Xataka | PLD Space has a detailed plan to become the European rocket factory. And the pieces have started fitting

China has built a space empire in 30 years after being expelled from ISS. Your revenge is about to complete

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If the space race of the last century was decided on the moon, that of this century could be a few years after its final act. The space is again the great theater where the two greatest economies in the world demonstrate their technological muscle, and China He has been preparing a master function to close your arc of redemption. A little paint in the face. This story has a clear origin: 1994. That year, China requested to join the International Space Station program with the other partners, But the United States vetoed its entrancearguing that the Asian country was not trustworthy. China developed its own manned space program, but in 2011, the United States Wolf amendment was a second blow, prohibiting NASA from any type of cooperation with Chinese counterparts. In parallel, China suffered the consequences of a world increasingly dependent on navigation satellites. In 1993 he had a first affront when the United States deliberately turned off GPS satellites on the Chinese ship Yinhe, leaving it drifting for 33 days. In 1996, a new blackout made the GPS guidance of a Chinese missile fail. In 2003, China invested 230 million euros to join the Galilean satellite navigation system of the European Union, but also ended up being expelled from this project. Of isolated to self -sufficient. Instead, China started a long -term plan to build, piece by piece, everything they had denied. In 1999 he launched the Shenzhou ship 1. In 2003, it became the third country, after the Soviet Union and the United States, to independently send a man to space: Yang Liwei aboard the Shenzhou 5. In 2007, China undertaked at the same time its lunar career and its own navigation network. The Chang’e 1 probe began to orbit the moon, and the Beidou-1 satellite meant the first stone of an alternative system to the American GPS. Similarly, in 2011 he launched Tiangong-1, the embryo of what would be his future space station. In 2022 he was no longer interested in ISS: China put the Tiangong Space Stationthat since then It is permanently inhabited. Even in areas such as planetary defense, China is replicating and improving Western missions. After the success of NASA’s dart mission, will launch its own mission to divert an asteroidwith a key improvement: a second ship that will observe the impact in real time and measure the live result. The first milestones. China’s space exploits have been growing in complexity. In 2020, the Chang’e 5 probe brought samples of the visible face of the moon for the first time in 44 years, and of a geologically younger area than the samples of the Apollo missions, so that They also interested NASAdespite the law that prevents them from collaborating. It was not until 2024, with the Chang’e-6 mission, which China achieved an impressive unpublished feat: bring to Earth The first samples of the hidden face of the moona tremendous effect in the new space race that now seeks to repeat on Mars, going for the first soil samples of the red planet. While NASA’s Mars Sample Return mission is in a limbo, China plans to launch its Tianwen-3 probe in 2028 and bring samples of Mars in 2031, foreseeably advanceing NASA. He could do it alone, but in a brilliant geopolitical movement, he has invited agencies around the world to join with their own instruments, which leaves the United States in an awkward position. Sorpasso in sight. Beyond the robotic missions, the most important milestones at stake are the missions manned to the moon. While the NASA Artemis program accumulates numerous delays and cost overruns, China advances firmly towards its objectives of stepping on the moon and establishing a lunar base. NASA has already arrived six times to the surface of the moon between 1969 and 1972, but the new lunar race does not go to put a flag, but to control resources. The one who arrives first and establishes a base in the South Lunar Pole It will have a key advantage to select areas with ice water and establish the communication protocols of the cislunar space. Nervousness in Washington. The United States reaction to China’s spatial advances show that the Sorpasso It is possible. The Wolf amendment has fallen short, and now NASA has hardened its position, prohibiting Chinese citizens Access to all its facilities, programs and even zoom meetings. The agency alleges reasons for “cybersecurity.” At the same time, NASA’s acting administrator, Sean Duffy, has adopted A belligerent rhetoric against China: “We are in a second space race. We will win the Chinese on the moon.” You can intuit the fear of a defeat, and one of the strategic movements of the United States to avoid it will be to install a nuclear reactor on the moon before China does, to be able to declare an “exclusion zone”, de facto controlling the most valuable areas. In 30 years, China has gone from being a spatial outcome to an undisputed leader who marks the rhythm in the exploration of the 21st century. The veto that had to stop her became the fuel of her ambition. His space empire is no longer a promise; It is a reality that orbits our heads and perches on other worlds. Revenge, patient and meticulous, is already served. Image | Xinhua In Xataka | While NASA faces the cancellation of 41 missions, China is making authentic virguerías in space

Space station astronauts have made sushi. In Japan they would open a war advice, but it is fantastic

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Sushi and ramen are to Japan what the potato tortilla –With onion– Or Paella to Spain: a sign of cultural identity. They have more complex origins than we think: while ramen derives from Chinese cuisine, Sushi was born as a conservation technique before transforming into a gastronomic icon. To such an extent that to International Space Station Astronauts He has given them to prepare Sushi with what they had at their disposal. It has come out regular, but at the same time it is fantastic. Space food It is not a secret that space food You must have very specific characteristics. It is mostly lyophilized And it is thermosellated. Before consumption, the one that is not ready to consume, must be rehydrated and any food and ingredient that enters the season You must meet a series of both security and cleaning requirements. Conservation is also very important for obvious reasons And, although we can think that it is not good, The problem is usually astronauts. When cooking (among many quotes that cook), an ingredient as important as the food and condiments of the station is the double -sided tape. In numerous videos We have seen how ingredient boats such as honey or simple scissors are glued with that tape to the station surfaces. Sushi at the space station. Occasionally, one of the US members decides to surprise his companions cooking something out of the menuand Jonny Kim’s attempt has been one of the last examples. NASA American and Astronaut, hung A few weeks ago a photo in which a tray could be seen with an attempt at Sushi. To do this, they used precooked rice, fish, spam (A canned meat mark) and a touch of GOCHUJANG (A spicy paste based on rice and chili) and Wasabi. The humidity kept the ingredients glued, but for the tray and the rest of the elements, they used the aforementioned tape. Nostalgia. It is not the most appetizing sushi in the universe and, surely, Japan would have some questions for the architects of this culinary crime, but there is a great “but”: as on earth, this space sushi served for one thing: unite the members of the station. Up, despite fellowship, loneliness must be quite present and one of the astronauts commented that he missed the sushi. That gave them an idea: see what they had in their personal provisions to see if they could elaborate something similar. The result is obvious (rice with things on top), but the important thing is that “the result was a great meal,” as Kim points out, and served to foster that feeling of companionship and reduce, a little even if it is, that nostalgia. Nori algae. In X, someone He pointed out What would have been great to use Nori algae To wrap the sushi, but that he understood that it should be difficult to need a dehydrated version of it and that it would not be nice to have algae scales floating around. Kim replied that, in fact, they have Nori, but it is an ingredient that is part of the space orders that, with a limit, can do. And that he had run out of the ingredient. On the problem of the scales, everything is designed: “The crumbs accumulate in the air entry filters, which are aspired every week.” It is not the first time. It is a beautiful gesture, but it is not the first time that sushi is made at the station. It was not a photo, but a complete video that the Japanese astronaut Soichi Noguchi put on the chef’s hat for prepare A somewhat more “traditional” sushi with tuna, Nori and frozen scallops that had risen on board that intention. The reason for that elaboration was the same as that of this summer: surprise his teammates, take care of those ties and make the stay to thousands of kilometers of his homes is somewhat more cheerful. Also One way that missions are more bearable. In Xataka | Until the 90s nobody in Japan ate sushi with raw salmon. Until a marketing campaign changed everything

How to see any photo with the 3D space effect of iOS 26 on your iPhone using the new function of the APP photos

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Let’s explain How to use the app Photos From your iPhone to see with 3D effect The photos you want. It is one of the functions of iOS 26 with which you can use this effect with your photos On the lock screenbut the APP photos also allows you to use it with anyone at any time. Here, you just have to know that this function is pure amusement, to see the effect and that’s it, you can’t use it for much more. But in the end, it can also help you to see how you are with any photograph you have before using it then as a wallpaper. Use the spatial effect with any photo The first thing you have to do is Open the application Photos On your iPhone. Remember that you should have updated iOS 26, and the condition is that the photo where you want to apply the effect must have some type of protagonist, such as a person, pet or object. Choose a photo and enter it. Once you are inside the photo, you have to click on the hexagon icon that will appear above right. To see it you must have the interface, that is, if you only see the photo click on the screen so that the other elements come out. When you press that button, you will see that for a few seconds some purple colors appear on the screen while the AI ​​analyzes the content of the photo. Then you will see that The indicator of Space sceneand that when you move the mobile screen you can see the 3D effect of the photo. In Xataka Basics | How to obtain information from what appears on your iPhone screen with Apple Intelligence and iOS 26

Spacex has bought the spectrum that Echostar failed to use: the new space race is no longer to get to space, it is to control it

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Spacex He has bought the Telecommunications spectrum of Echostar for 17,000 million dollars. Thus eliminates its main competitor in direct mobile satellite services. Why is it important. This operation Turn Spacex the great dominator of satellite mobile connectivity. It will no longer compete with land operators, but will control the entire value chain, from the rocket to the phone. Spacex has paid 8.5 billion in cash and another 8.5 billion in shares for the AWS-4 and H-Block spectrum licenses of Echostar. In addition, it will cover additional 2 billion in interest payments of the Echostar debt until November 2027. The movement eliminates the Direct-To-Cell constellation project of Echostar, which had been the main Starlink competitor in satellite mobile services. Charlie Ergen, founder of Echostar, has sold all his spectrum after decades to accumulate it without developing his own network. In Xataka Satellites are becoming some of the luminous objects in heaven. It is a serious problem In detail. Spacex will use these frequencies to Develop your next generation constellation Starlink Direct-to-Cell, which promises “a remarkable change in performance” with respect to the current one. Technology works with existing LTE phones without the need for hardware, firmware or special applications. It currently operates with more than 600 satellites offering 4G coverage to more than six million users on five continents. The backdrop. This purchase arrives just before the Apple event, where the new ones will be presented iPhone 17. There are those who speculate that Apple could reconsider their association with GlobalStar after seeing how Spacex eliminates competitors buying the entire spectrum available. Between the lines. Spacex does not move by investment return to use, but by strategic domain. As you have already done in satellite connectivity by lowering prices aggressively to stop Amazon Kuiper, now it seeks to completely control the satellite mobile market before mature. Yes, but. The new AWS-4 and H-Block frequencies are not compatible with current phones. Spacex will need manufacturers as Apple to include them in future devices. If Apple does not cooperate, Musk has already threatened to create his own “Starlink” phone. {“Videid”: “X8ywtec”, “Autoplay”: False, “Title”: “First video call with Starlink Direct To Cell”, “Tag”: “”, “Duration”: “22”} And now what? This operation leaves competitors as AST Spacemobile in a specially complicated position. AST needs to raise 400 million in the next few weeks just to stay afloat, Spacex already dominates in launch speed and satellite development. The transaction also solves the FCC investigations on Echostar. With this sale and the previous one of another AT&T spectrum package for 23,000 million, Echostar seems to go to a gradual settlement of its operations. Outstanding image | Spacex In Xataka | Spacex has just published unpublished images of the “Rostized” Starship. A unique perspective of his shock after the toughest reentry (Function () {Window._js_modules = Window._js_modules || {}; var headelement = document.getelegsbytagname (‘head’) (0); if (_js_modules.instagram) {var instagramscript = Document.Createlement (‘script’); }}) (); – The news Spacex has bought the spectrum that Echostar failed to use: the new space race is no longer to get to space, it is to control it It was originally posted in Xataka by Javier Lacort .

The earth does not have as much space as we believed

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For years, the carbon capture and storage (CAC or CCS) has been One of the great technological promises in the Fight against climate change. The idea is simple: if we can’t stop issuing co₂, It can be captured from the air and bury it safely in deep geological formations. But this ‘plan B’ is beginning to lose meaning. What was thought. We have always taken for granted that the ‘warehouse’ we had had in mind was practically infinite to store all what we would like. Estimates talked about A capacity of between 10,000 and 40,000 gigatons of CO₂that would allow us to ‘live’ calm without having to reduce our emissions overnight. What is the problem. A new and devastating study Made by an international team of scientists, everyone has come to give us all: the warehouse is much smaller and has very strict conditions when using it. The new figure, which the authors have defined as a ‘prudent planetary limit’ is 1,460 gigatons of CO₂. This is almost an order of magnitude lower than the most optimistic estimates that were on the table. It is like discovering that the hard drive that was believed to be 40 terabytes, actually only has 1.5 tenderlast of useful storage. How they know. To reach this conclusion, the researchers did not limit themselves to calculating the total volume of The sedimentary basins of the planet. Instead, they did what no one had done on this scale: apply a series of risk and exclusion filters based on prudence and damage prevention. They created the most detailed map to the date where the CO₂ should not be stored. “Peros” that reduce capacity. In the investigation, experts pointed to different reasons to be able to remove storage capacity to our planet. These can be summarized at the following points: Seismic risk: All areas with moderate or high seismic activity have been ruled out, since injecting High pressure here can reactivate geological failures that cause earthquakes. Protected and Polar Areas: Attending to international agreements such as Kunming-Montreal, all natural parks, biosphere reserves and environmentally sensitive areas are excluded. Cercanías to the cities: to protect human health and avoid contamination of aquifers, an exclusion zone of 25 km around urban areas was established, since a CO₂ leak could acidify drinking water. Ocean depth: current offshore extraction technology is concentrated in relatively shallow waters. The study establishes a practical limit of 300 meters in marine depth, since going further shoots costs and risks, as the Deepwater Horizon disaster recalled. International borders: storing carbon under the territory of another country is a legal and political mines field. The study assumes that cross -border accounts would be, in practice, very difficult to use without complexes and, today, non -existent international agreements. A finite and precious resource. The main conclusion reached by the study is that geological storage is not unlimited. It is a finite resource, Like oil or lithium, and must be managed with an intergenerational vision. It is, as the authors say, a “savings account” that belongs to this and the future generations. Right now it is used to mitigate current emissions and continue to burn fossil fuels, and also reverse global warming, since when storing this gas the objective is to lower the temperature of the planet in general. But the conflict is evident: each ton we use today for the first objective is a ton less than future generations will have for their time. There is a limit. Perhaps the most shocking data of the study is this: if we dedicate the totality of this prudent limit of 1,460 gigatons exclusively to eliminate carbon from the atmosphere, we could only reduce the global temperature by a maximum of 0.7 ºC. This puts a very real stop to the popular ‘overshoot’ strategies that trust that We can exceed 1.5 ° C limit and then ‘cool’ the planet with mass capture technologies. This study tells us that our ability to back down is, at best, very limited. The urgency of reducing emissions is multiplied. If we cannot rely on a massive cleanliness, the only safe way to reduce emissions drastically and urgently, we have a problem. The study shows that, to the current rhythm, many climatic scenarios would exhaust this storage budget before the year 2200, leaving future generations without tools to manage the climate. Rich and poor in storage. The analysis also reveals a new geopolitical panorama with clear ‘winners’ and ‘losers’ in this race. Winners are countries such as Russia, the United States, China, Brazil and Australia that retain great alonance potential even after applying all risk filters. At the other extremes we have the countries ‘poor in storage’ such as those belonging to the European, Indian or Norway Union, which see their potential drastically reduced. This means that, to meet their objectives, they could have to depend on other countries to store the captured CO₂, creating new economic and logistics units. A blow of reality. This study does not mean that carbon capture is useless. It will continue to be a crucial technology to decarbonize industries such as cement or steel. Which means that it is not the panacea that some expected. It is not an excuse to delay climatic action. It is a forceful reminder that there are no magical technological solutions that exempt us from the hardest and urgent task: stop emitting greenhouse gases. Images | Peter Burdon In Xataka | I have measured the CO2 of my office for weeks. And now religiously vento every hour and a half

It is not that China seriously in the Pacific, is that the space has revealed the size of a vertiginous naval domain

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The satellite images From the rehearsals in Changjing, near Beijing, they are showing the magnitude of what China prepares for The military parade of September 3: an exhibition that coincides with the 80th anniversary of the end of the war against Japan and that is emerging as a demonstration of naval and strategic power directed against the United States and its allies. Because China goes very seriously If we expand the focus. A missile showcase to deter. They counted the Insider analysts that among the images include the presence of mobile systems, advanced drones and, above all, a complete line of Antibheque missiles that It covers from Furtive subsonic models to hypersonic projectiles of great maneuverability, conceived to deny the access of the US Navy to the Western Pacific. Among the systems: The YJ-18Csubsonic and stealthy missile, The YJ-15Ramjet propulsion and supersonic speed, and The YJ-21capable of launching from ships or aircraft with hypersonic capacity against whites in motion. An even more advanced projectile would be added to them, The YJ-19of hypersonic planning superior to Mach 10. This missile deployment, which covers all possible categories, far exceeds what is necessary to face the Taiwanese navy and directly points to US and allied forces in the region, reinforcing the Power perception capable of controlling nearby seas. Unmanned platforms. Next to the missiles, the parade will include unmanned war systems. In the preparation zone, combat drones have been observed as The GJ-11 and the GJ-2as well as vehicles designed to transport naval surface drones. One of the most striking elements is the appearance of a small submarine drone to the Russian Poseidonpossibly destined for long -range oceanic surveillance or even attack missions. Although it is not clear if it is nuclear or if it can carry eyebrows, its mere presence indicates that Beijing explores the strategic weapons path unconventional In the maritime domain. The image of the place of the parade, taken on August 25, shows the complete extension of the vehicles parked in the testing place ICBM, missiles and scope. The deployment is not limited to the naval stage. In another section of the enclosure, at least 16 vehicles are appreciated carrying what would be intercontinental ballistic missiles Dongfeng-41solid fuel and with a range of up to 15,000 kilometers, capable of carrying multiple nuclear heads. They could also present land attack cruise missiles such as The DF-100designed to achieve targets at great distance at supersonic speed. With these weapons, Beijing projects the image of a power with the ability to hit not only in Asia-Pacific, but against objectives in US territory, including Guam or even the west coast. The sea as an instrument of ascent. I remembered this week The BBC In an extensive report that, in just two decades, China has transformed its naval industry into the most powerful in the world, absorbing More than 60% of the global orders of ships and producing at a rhythm 200 times higher than that of the United States. This domain is reflected in its navy, which already has 234 ships compared to 219 of the American fleet, although the American advantage still lies in the tonnage, in the large aircraft carriers and in the technological superiority of its submarines. For Beijing, the sea is The basis of its development economic (with seven of the ten most active ports on the planet) and the springboard to project Geopolitical ambitions increasingly explicit in the South China Sea and beyond. A new Chinese naval base with six nuclear submarines Dual shipyards and fusion. The key to this growth lies in the fusion between shipyards civil and military. Dalian, Guangzhou, Jiangnan and Hudong-Zhonghua produced between 2019 and 2024 almost 550,000 tons of military ships, more than the British Navy Royal displaces. The “military-live” model driven by XI Jinping allows large commercial facilities to manufacture war or support their maintenance, which provides China from multiply assets In case of prolonged conflict. Thus, even without even having a fleet of aircraft carriers comparable to the American, Beijing has a strategic advantage in the speed of replacement and In versatility of his shipyards. Extended bases. The qualitative leap is reflected in the expansion of bases such as Yulin, in Hainan, where in recent years they have Added five docks To house Jin nuclear submarines capable of carrying twelve strategic missiles each. In fact, recent trials and social networks material show that the popular liberation army is incorporating submarine drones capable of deep surveillance, detection of cables and covert operations in international waters. Although much of these technologies remains experimental, the investment rate suggests a clear will of shortening distances With Washington in high sophistication areas. The historical memory. In addition, the Chinese naval project is loaded of political symbolism. Xi Jinping links its strengthening to the “humiliations” suffered between 1840 and 1949, when China suffered 470 invasions and lost its regional power position. In The military paradeswhich exhibit hypersonic missiles and antisatellite weapons, the idea of ​​a country that resurfaces after centuries of submission is transmitted. Thus, the slogan “we defend our ocean dream”, present In naval theme parks and in walls of port cities, seeks to instill national pride and legitimize the enormous military expense before the population. The Taiwan factor and tensions. With this “Naval” Map of Beijing, the biggest question is how the nation will use The growing power. Although he says he does not want to interfere in other countries, he holds the promise of “gathering” Taiwan, without ruling out The use of force. United States, forced by law to assemble Taipéi, perceives the risk of an open conflict dragging the region to a greater war. Chinese naval trials near Japan and the circumnavigation of Australia show that the Navy is no longer limited to its nearby waters. Meanwhile, the Pentagon Try to revitalize a naval industry weakened after decades of divestment, although recovering the initiative will be A titanic task. The decisive issue for the Pacific balance, therefore, seems clear: who can put … Read more

It is not that Russia is lack of artillery, it is that from the space its armor park is being empty

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Last July 28 is He published a study of the Institute of the School of Economy of kyiv where the situation of the vast Soviet arsenals that Russia had been using since the beginning of his invasion in Ukraine was analyzed. The analysis left no doubt: they were exhausting shipments from the main Russian military stores. Now, this study has added graphic evidence. The decline of reserves. Yes, in Another study recent intelligence of Ukraine, based on satellite images and published by the Jompy researcherit is confirmed that Russian tank reserves are entering a critical phase of exhaustion. The detailed monitoring of military deposits shows that the constant extraction From armored, together with the industrial disability to restore them to the necessary rhythm, it is racing in a accelerated way of Moscow to sustain the war in Ukraine with modern combat cars. Exhaustion and obsolete tanks. The nerve center of this deterioration, according to satellite imagesis the 1311 deposit, where they are withdrawing around 20 T-72b tanks a month. If that rhythm is maintained, the warehouse will be empty before the end of the year, an unexpected fact even for analysts who follow the evolution of Russian material. This emptying adds to the exhaustion of stocks close to the Uralvagonzavod plantmain tank factory in the country. Even more revealing is that 1311 no longer counts With T-80BVwhich suggests that Russia would have completely consumed that line of reserves. The presence of T-80ud In base 22 it does not alter the panorama, as these vehicles are not suitable for reconditioned. Given this shortage, they have begun to be extracted T-55 and T-62tanks of the fifties and sixties whose reappearance in Omsktransash indicates a forced setback towards obsolete models. The problems of the industry. The lack of recent updates in the images of Base 6018 points to the fact that Omsktransash, one of the pillars in armored repair, faces It would be difficulty to maintain an adequate restoration rhythm. The need to resort to infantry combat vehicles (BMP), which originally were not part of the lots stored in 1311, reflects the improvisation with which Russia is trying Cover empty in its mechanized arsenal. The general picture reveals an industrial pressure that fails to sustain the war demand, partly because vehicles extracted are in deplorable conditions after storage decades. A Russian T-80BV No strategic reservations. Once 1311 is emptied, Moscow will be forced to resort to Deposits 349 and 2544where the T-72awith 586 and 215 units respectively. However, most are in poor condition, which limits the real effectiveness of this resource. The projection is bleak: when these reserves are exhausted, Russia will depend almost exclusively on T-55 and T-62, which represent barely 16% of the inventory of armored prior to the invasion of Ukraine. Quality degradation is evident: of third generation models, relatively modern, to platforms that decades ago they are considered overcome in any scenario of contemporary war. And without artillery. It We count A few weeks ago. The decline is not limited to tanks. Previous reports had already indicated that Russia has consumed almost Half of your reservations of artillery towed in the Shchuchye deposit, which housed about 50% of all this material in the country. In addition, the pace of reactivation of pieces It has collapsedbeing currently more than four times lower than that registered in 2022, confirming the progressive inability to reconstitute the power of terrestrial fire. A step back. The news has a clear background: the wear war in Ukraine has led the Russian army to a point where its formations are experiencing a “DESMECCANIZATION”that is, a setback from the classic model of armored regiments to infantry -centered units that advance in motorcycles, light vehicles without protection or even on foot. This phenomenon does not imply that Russia is losing war, since its numerical superiority in personnel allows you It limits severely Moscow’s ability to transform those tactical advances into deep and strategic ruptures of the enemy front. Strategic implications. This panorama suggests that Russian war machinery faces a Structural limit difficult to overcome. The apparent initial abundance of Soviet reserves is being replaced for the urgency of resorting to material practically museum. Each T-62 or T-55 deployed on the front not only lacks the necessary benefits against drones, anti-tank missiles and guided artillery, but also exposes crews to crews A higher risk In modern fighting. The loss of contemporary armored armies will reduce the Russian offensive capacity, will make it slower and will force their controls to rethink mechanized assault strategies, which have already shown vulnerability in Ukraine. Image | Google Maps, Jompy/X, Alan Wilson In Xataka | The war in Ukraine, far from approaching its end, has added a disturbing ingredient: an unexpected “friend” for Russia In Xataka | It is not that the war has entered its Mad Max phase, is that Ukraine is using the trucks we saw in the movie

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