expert

The two-finger rule for sunscreen doesn’t fail, but this expert has taken it to the next level

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At this point in the film, we are all clear about the importance of using sunscreen. Well maybe everyone except Marcos Llorente. The point is that, no matter how much we understand that we must protect ourselves from solar radiation, we do not always know how to do it optimally. For example, the amount of sunscreen is an essential point to which we do not always pay enough attention. It is recommended to use 2 milligrams of sunscreen per square centimeter of skinwhich are equivalent to some 9 teaspoons for the entire body of an average adult. The problem is that it is difficult to measure in parts (the face, arms, legs, etc.). Therefore, for the face there is the two-finger rule. We should cover the inner surface of our index and middle fingers with a line of sunscreen to know we are using enough. Many people already do it, but they run into a problem: maybe it’s fine for the beach, but for everyday life it’s too much. Fortunately, there are solutions, as you have explained. in an article for New Scientist the skin cancer expert at the QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute in Australia Rachel Neale. The key is to use two layers If we put two fingers of sunscreen directly on our face we will see that it becomes very loaded with product. If the cream contains physical filterswe may possibly become a whitish ghost. If they are chemicals, it may not look white, but we will notice it heavy. Therefore, Neale’s advice is very simple: Apply sunscreen in two layers. She says that she normally puts on half the recommended amount of sunscreen, spreads it well, and moves on to do another task, like brushing her teeth. Once this task is completed, the first layer should have already been absorbed, so move on to the second. With the two finger rulethe process is very simple. We covered a finger in cream, applied it, waited, and then applied another finger covered in sun cream. What about the amount of sunscreen on the rest of the body? The two-finger rule is very comfortable for the face, because it is the part of the body that we protect ourselves most daily, so we don’t need to go looking for a measuring spoon. On the other hand, if we are going to expose the rest of the body, as happens on the beach or the pool, we could use a dessert spoon to calculate the quantities. At least until we learn to do it by eye. We have seen that they are recommended 9 teaspoons for the whole body. To distribute them, we must use two teaspoons for the torso and back, another two for each leg, one for each arm and another for the face, neck and the head. In that case, don’t forget the back of the neck and ears, as they are areas that we sometimes forget about and that burn frequently, leaving them more exposed to skin cancer. Finally, if the feet are going to be exposed, we should invest an extra teaspoon on them. It is important to insist that these amounts are for an average adult. You may need to use more or less, depending on body size. Be that as it may, the key is to put ourselves a thick layer all over the body and, above all, reapply whenever necessary. It is usually recommended to reapply sunscreen every 2 hours or after bathing, sweating, or drying with a towel. In any case, the most intuitive thing is, if you see that your skin is getting too hot and you haven’t finished applying the cream, reapply it just in case. Think that, if you frequently go to the beach or the pool, it is not normal that with a sun cream bottle have for the whole summer. It has happened to all of us, but once you become aware of the appropriate amount of sunscreen you realize that you need several. Images | Magnificent | Isedeh et al In Xataka | Science warns of the dangerous success of anti-suncream hoaxes on TikTok: “Despite being a minority, this content is influential”

The world’s leading expert in identifying deepfakes has a big problem. No longer able to identify them

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Is called Hany Farid and is considered one of the world’s leading experts on deepfake videos. This digital forensics expert was capable of uncovering videos manipulated by governments, for example, but now he has decided to leave Silicon Valley for one simple reason: It is no longer able to differentiate the real ones from those that are being generated with AI tools. And we are not surprised. Deepfakes indistinguishable from reality. In the last two decades Farid, 60, has specialized in identifying fake videos. This professor at the University of California at Berkeley has confessed that advances in generative AI have made traditional detection methods are no longer of any use. Their conclusions confirm the feeling that we have had for a long time with this type of content: AI has advanced so much that the problem is no longer just deepfakes: it is that we distrust even real photos. Farid’s reputation precedes him. His father worked for 50 years as a chemist at Eastman Kodak, and Farid grew up visiting the dark room often, watching photos become photos as they passed through the different liquids. He ended up designing a “digital fingerprint” system that made it possible to detect cases of child pornography hidden on the Internet. In fact, its technology has led to 30 million cases of potential abuse being reported each year, as well as leading to hundreds of arrests and several rescues. I surrender. Faced with the avalanche of perfect deepfakes generated with AI, Farid has decided to leave his job to take refuge on a farm in Vermont. His surrender is the latest demonstration of a harsh reality: We can no longer trust what we see on networks. Now he is dedicated to working with wood, and has distanced himself from networks and technology. The missile that changed everything. The turning point that demonstrates this crisis of this digital forensic task occurred after the viral spread of a video showing the alleged impact of a US missile on a school in Iran. Farid spent an entire day breaking down the sequence frame by frame: analyzing the geometry of the shadows, the sound delay rate of the explosion according to the laws of physics, or the pixel length of the projectile. Impossible to decide if it is false or not. He found nothing that could prove that the video was fake, and the same thing happened to other specialists. None could issue a clear verdict of authenticity, and that made it clear that AI video generation is currently so advanced that real content is indistinguishable from a deepfake generated with these latest generation models. Verifying is too complicated. There is another problem here: generating a fake video, whether toxic or not, with cloned voices that are perfectly synchronized with the interlocutor is easy, fast and cheap. Carrying out a forensic investigation to try to detect whether the video is real or not takes hours of computational and direct analysis by specialists. Given that deepfakes manage to go viral in just 20 minutes if they are successful, the methods to contain this spread are useless for a simple reason: they arrive late. The biter bit. The researcher himself was a victim of this reality: cybercriminals cloned his phone number and used AI to generate his voice and thus impersonate his identity. With that clone, they called a close contact who was involved in a court case and managed to extract confidential information. Farid and his wife, a vision researcher at Berkeley, they had to create a secret safe word at the beginning of each family call to certify that each interlocutor was who they said they were. The situation generates a disturbing paranoia and mistrust. “I’m going blind”. In the report of The New York TimesFarid explained that his studies show that most people can no longer differentiate a real photo from a digitally created one. “I feel like I’m going blind,” he indicated, showing his concern about an AI that is managing to obscure the truth and distort reality. Watermarks as a solution. Faced with this avalanche of images and videos generated by AI that are indistinguishable from reality, one of the potential ways to mitigate the problem continues to gain strength. It is, of course, the watermarkstotally invisible and which are part of the metadata of those files. Two promising initiatives. There are several initiatives in this regard, although the most notable It is that of the C2PA coalition which includes, for example, Google and OpenAI. AI tools should add those watermarks identifying those contents (“This video has been generated with this AI application, this image has been generated or edited with this other one”), but at the moment that type of option is not applied by default. Another important project in this sense is SynthIDGoogle’s technology to “mark” these contents as created with AI. Image | Bild (CC0) In Xataka | What happened to Technicolor: evolution and death of the company that changed cinema and was overwhelmed by its ambition

The world’s leading expert on the Gulf Stream has bad news about the heart of the Atlantic

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To the south of Greenland, for years, there have been an area that suffers, against all odds, a persistent cooling. In the middle of a world that is increasingly warming, that blue spot (that ‘cold bubble’) has posed a challenge for models, experts and administrations: after all, it is the only region of the global ocean that is cooling. What the hell is going on there? Now Stefan Rahmstorfthe world’s leading expert on the collapse of the Gulf Stream, has had an idea. A mystery in the heart of the North Atlantic? Yes and no. Indeed, to the extent that we do not know why it is there, or what mechanisms govern it, the ‘cold bubble’ is one of the great mysteries of current climate science. However, that does not mean that we have not studied it. On the contrary, we have done it to the point of satiety. This oceanic anomaly is, almost certainly, one of the most studied in the last decade. The novelty is not in the phenomenon itself: we have known about it since the mid-90s. The novelty is in the explanation. Do we already know why it happens? We now have a new explanation that makes sense and is plausible; but it is still controversial. Rahmstorf’s team has carried out an analysis of the heat balance in that region of the Atlantic. And their conclusions are that the decrease in heat of the entire water column is not explained by surface flows. In fact, the area that loses the most heat does not coincide with the area that loses the most surface heat. With this in mind, they begin to raise hypotheses and discard them. This is how they arrive at the idea that the cooling comes from a reduction in oceanic heat transport to the region. That is, of a weakening of the AMOC. We have been talking about the death of the AMOC for years, has no one thought of this? Yes, indeed, this was one of the main working hypotheses. But until now everything was worked with indirect models. It is now that Rahmstorf’s team has been able to draw the complete scheme and detect a link that, it seems, is due to the multidecadal evolution of the Current with the Ocean. Why do I say it is controversial? To begin with, because like any scientific study it is subject to reanalysis, discussions and counterarguments. But, above all, because Rahmstorf and his team are specialists in exactly what they have found. For many climatologists there is a certain risk that this work falls short of the popular saying that “for those who have hammers, everything is nails.” Rahmstorf has linked his intellectual figure to the collapse of the AMOC and that, inevitably, raises suspicions. However, today (and with the data we have) it may be one of the best explanations we have. not the only onebut in these topics we almost never have a single (almost) satisfactory explanation. So, is the AMOC going to collapse? Let us remember that the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is the North Atlantic branch of the thermohaline circulation. Since the sun does not heat the sea equally everywhere and freshwater flows reach the ocean at very specific points, this is the basic mechanism by which the oceans balance differences in temperature and salinity. The AMOC is a fundamental mechanism for Europe’s climate and economy. “Without it, Western Europe and eastern North America would cool significantly, with a host of potential adverse effects,” said Sánchez Laulhé. However, scientists cannot agree on what will happen. In 2021, the IPCC said the AMOC was “unlikely” to collapse. In 2023, the Ditlevsens not only said that it was a probable scenario, but that they set the first date for the collapse. In 2024, 44 signatories They asked to take the problem seriously. But in January 2025 Terhaar, Vogt and Foukal said which, in short, had not weakened since 1063. The reasonable thing to say is that yes, climate drift seems to suggest that at some point the AMOC will collapse. It has already happened other times. The impossible is to say when, how and why. Image | In Xataka |

The new Ninja AutoBarista Pro coffee maker with which you will prepare the perfect coffee at home without being an expert is now on sale in Spain

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Making specialty café-quality coffee at home typically requires two things: a significant investment in individual tools and some time learning to master grinding, pressing, and texturing milk. To break this barrier, Ninja has just announced the launch in Spain of the Ninja AutoBarista Pro (899.99 euros) an all-in-one automatic system that seeks to unify the versatility of barista drinks with the convenience of a single button press. Ninja AutoBarista Pro Automatic Coffee Maker The price could vary. We earn commission from these links A coffee maker with full automation: from grinding to foam type This device comes to the market with a clear proposal: eliminate complex manual steps through an intelligent system that automates the entire process, from the bean to the cup, without the user needing prior knowledge. The core of this coffee maker lies in its AutoBarista technology, a set of sensors and calibrated systems that make technical decisions for the user. Instead of having to manually adjust the grinder’s coarseness or control the extraction time, the function Grin iQ It analyzes the type of grain selected and adapts the grinding automatically to extract the maximum flavor. To these is added a pressure and temperature management that adjusts depending on whether we are going to prepare a espresso short or a long filter coffee. Versatility is another of its strong points. It incorporates two independent 340 gram bean tanks, allowing you to switch between different varieties of coffee cleanly and without mixing the beans. It also has a double brew function to make two doses of espresso simultaneously. He milk texturing This is usually the most difficult step to replicate at home. To solve this, the system FrothPerfect It allows you to work with both milk and vegetable drinks, offering five different consistency levels that range from hot milk without air to extra dense foams or, a highly requested function in summer, cold foam for recipes with ice. Finally, and thinking about individual preferences, the coffee maker allows configure up to two user profiles to memorize the exact intensity, water volume, temperature and preferred foam style. ⚡ IN BRIEF: Ninja AutoBarista Pro Automatic Coffee Maker ✅ THE BEST Extreme versatility (hot and cold): what really makes the difference is the ability to do Cold Brew and foam cold milk automatically. It’s not just a coffee maker espresso; It’s a complete beverage station. Double grain tank: It is a rare genius in this price range. It allows you to have, for example, specialty coffee in one and decaffeinated in the other, or change varieties without having to empty the tank manually. ❌ THE WORST Oh, the price… Enter fully into the field of legendary brands. For 900 euros, the competition is fierce and some users may prefer brands with a longer history in espresso machines. Size… Being an all-in-one system with two tanks and so many functions, it is a bulky machine. You need good free counter space. 💡 BUY IT IF… Your favorite coffee is a Flat Whitea Latte or a Cappuccinothis machine gives you a professional foam texture without you having to learn how to use the steam wand. ⛔ DON’T BUY IT IF… You like the manual process, using the poltrafilters, trying different degrees of grinding for yourself and playing with the machine, this Ninja is going to bore you a little because it does it all for you. And if you are looking for something cheaper, you may be interested in these other coffee makers Ninja Prestige 2-in-1 filter and capsule coffee maker with built-in frother The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Ninja Luxe Essential 2-in-1 Latte, Cappuccino and Espresso Maker with Integrated Grinder and Milk Frother The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Some of the links in this article are affiliated and may provide a benefit to Xataka. In case of non-availability, offers may vary. Images: Ninja In Xataka | Smart coffee makers: what you can do (and what you can’t) with connected coffee makers In Xataka | Five ideal accessories to get the most out of your super-automatic coffee machine

There is a booming job in the era of artificial intelligence: cybersecurity expert

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Yeah Mythosfrom Anthropic, and GPT-5.4-Cyber, from OpenAI, have been presented as models capable of detecting and exploiting vulnerabilities, the quick conclusion seems quite evident: cybersecurity profiles could begin to become redundant. After all, we are talking about models aimed at moving in one of the most delicate areas of technology: finding flaws before others take advantage of them. The answer, at least for now, goes in the opposite direction to that first intuition. AI is not making the expert irrelevant. On the contrary: today it is more necessary than ever. That signal is already beginning to be noticed clearly in the United States, where the NYT has put figures and testimonies to a trend that was gaining strength: the hiring of cybersecurity profiles. The American newspaper points out that offers in the sector grew by 11% year-on-year in the first quarter, according to Glassdoorand shows how some executive search firms are receiving more assignments to find managers with experience in security breaches, data protection and code review. The reason is not just to protect data. There is also a need to respond to incidents and understand how AI changes the risk surface of companies. The key is that this new layer of AI not only changes the tools of those who protect the systems. It also modifies the possibilities of those who try to compromise them. Reuters pointed out a few days ago that Attackers are increasingly using AI to detect vulnerabilities, and Check Point has warned in its 2026 Cybersecurity Report that AI attacks have moved from the experimental phase to a routine criminal deployment. More tools do not mean fewer cybersecurity experts The market, furthermore, is not asking for exactly the same thing as it did a few years ago. Cybersecurity continues to be the umbrella, but more specific capabilities are beginning to weigh heavily within it: AI, cloud security, engineering, analysis and risk assessment. The 2025 ISC2 Cybersecurity Workforce Study points out that hiring managers place AI among the most in-demand skills, with 27%, and professionals raised that perception to 44%. The conclusion is important: knowing about security is not enough. It is becoming increasingly important to understand how this security is integrated into complex systems obviously crossed by AI. Fortinet did a survey and found that 49% of respondents fear that AI will increase cyberattackswhile 97% of organizations already use or plan to use a cybersecurity solution that takes advantage of this technology. So it seems that companies are not only concerned about the offensive use of AI, they are also trying to incorporate it into their own defenses. And that opens up another less visible, but equally important, need: having teams capable of evaluating these tools and integrating them judiciously. In Spain, photography also points to a sector in full expansion. INCIBE summarizes it with a very useful phrase to ground the phenomenon: “Cybersecurity is already one of the most dynamic sectors of the Spanish digital economy.” According to the study on the cybersecurity industry in Spain 2025the organization places employment at 164,761 people and points out that cybersecurity already represents 25.55% of employment in the ICT sector. The forecast, furthermore, does not speak of a specific increase: between 2026 and 2029, the sector will grow at an annual rate of 14.25%, until reaching 282,157 jobs at the end of that period. “Cybersecurity is already one of the most dynamic sectors of the Spanish digital economy.” The problem is that this growth comes with an obvious tension: there are not always enough profiles prepared to cover what companies need. Deloitte formulates it from the side of those responsible for security: “Nearly 38% of CISOs identify reliance on scarce profiles as a significant challenge, reflecting a persistent gap between growing demand for capabilities and limited market supply.” The consequence is that many organizations end up relying on external talent to support your defenses. In fact, Deloitte points out that in 2026, 60% of cybersecurity personnel will be external. Seen from Spain, the phenomenon shares the same background, although with its own nuances. The United States remains one of the epicenters of the AI ​​industry and we cannot understand this trend without looking at what is happening there, but it is also not advisable to extrapolate its market dynamics as if they were identical to those of Europe. Other indicators come into play here: employment growth, relevant weight within the ICT sector and dependence on external profiles in many organizations. The conclusion, however, points in the same direction on both sides of the Atlantic: AI is forcing cybersecurity capabilities to be strengthened, not reduced. Images | Xataka with Nano Banana In Xataka | How often should we change ALL our passwords according to three cybersecurity experts

It turns out that a longevity expert has said something that makes sense. And the reason is the juices

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Peter Diamandis has returned. The famous doctor and engineer specializing in longevity has once again made simple dietary advice viral: “if you like oranges, eat them whole and not in juice.” And, to the surprise of all of us who closely follow the worldit’s a good idea. Beyond the joke, longevity is becoming serious. Very serious indeed. Since an open microphone confirmed to us in September that longevity is becoming a crucial issue for oligarchs of the present, it is impossible not to look at this community of researchers, influencers and entrepreneurs in a “different way”. However, the reality is obvious: most advice on how to live longer is a mix of cherry picking, scientific sensationalism and common sense. Ultimately, to the extent that society is increasingly obsessed with living longerthe ‘market’ for these types of ideas is growing (for better and worse). And Diamandis is a good example. As They explained in El Confidencialthis entrepreneur and researcher has a very long list of dietary ideas: from withdrawing dairy products due to the body’s inflammatory response to casein to avoiding red meat due to its saturated fats (basing his diet almost exclusively on vegetables and whole foods). As we saw a few days ago with other well-meaning advicethese kinds of ideas make some sense, yes. However, every heuristic has two sides: it illuminates a certain part of reality and helps us manage it more easily. But it hides other parts and makes it seriously difficult to be aware of them. But, let’s get to the juices. Because that is the latest advice that has been vitalized is precisely that: that the debate has never been “yes fruit” or “no fruit.” ¡Of course you have to consume fruit! The debate is how we consume it and in juice it is, possibly, the worst way. By squeezing the pieces of fruit, we not only reduce the fiber but we end up consuming something completely different: satiety is worse and sugar absorption is improved. When we talk about fruit being good, what we are saying is that we need the fiber it contains for its metabolic and satiety effects. Oh really? So much so that organizations like the AESAN they insist repeatedly that juice does not replace whole fruit. And yes, I know that for many it is a commonplace (and something very well known), but it never hurts to repeat it: the consumption of rooting fruit has fallen 14% in recent years. We already know that it is good advice, but also worse for longevity. Here, the truth is that the evidence is less clear. Above all, because it is never enough to ‘stop recommending something’, we must go further and put better options on the table. And yes, water is always an option. But unfortunately, it is not always a substitute for the social consumption of juices. Image | Zlatko Duric In Xataka | One of the leading experts on aging has just explained what he himself does to live longer. It makes sense

dismiss sellers to hire other expert sellers in AI

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In July, Microsoft proved to have radically changed strategy as its investment in AI. The Batacazo were The 9,000 layoffs that affected several of their departments, but there was also a change of sight: their approach to corporate sales. After having fired thousands of commercials traditional, the firm opted for replace them with solution engineers Specialized in artificial intelligence. A transformation that seems to be marking trend in the technological sector and that responds to the new demands of the business market. A change in the sales model. Microsoft’s strategy is to eliminate the figure of the general seller, that profile focused on commercial relationships but with limited technical knowledge. Instead, the company is committed to professionals who can make technical demonstrations from the first contact with the client. Judson Althoff, commercial director of Microsoft, It has reorganized completely its division with the aim of turning the company into “the firm of the avant -garde”. Why Microsoft makes this decision. According to Business Insider sources Near to the company, some business clients transferred their frustration to Microsoft for having to go through several vendors before reaching the technical aspects of the product. “The client wants Microsoft to present their people technically,” according to internal sources of the company. Artificial intelligence has raised expectations, as there are more and more companies that prefer to have first hand a deep understanding of the product from the first meeting, not superficial commercial talks. The competition presses. Microsoft faces a fierce battle with OpenAi and Google for the business market. Although it has the advantage that many large companies already use their tools, Your employees prefer chatgpt for being better known. This competitive pressure has accelerated the reorganization of the six areas of previous solutions in only three: business solutions, Cloud and IA platforms, and security. The domino effect on the sector. Microsoft’s strategy is not an isolated case. Salesforce has already applied a similar approachreducing your support staff from 9,000 to 5,000 employees thanks to AI agents. Marc Benioff, CEO of Salesforce, explained that “I managed to rebalance the number of support personnel because I need less.” This restructuring has allowed it to redirect resources towards R&D departments and more specialized sales. Eliminating layers. What is really happening is a redefinition of commercial value in the AI ​​era. Sector investors and analysts interpret These movements as a sign of technological maturity. And it is that companies such as Microsoft are showing that sales teams that do not understand the complexity of their products can no longer allow. Jason Lemkin, Specialized Software Startup Investor, esteem that “between 30% and 40% of sales representatives of one or two calls will be replaced by AI”. Cover image | Simon Ray In Xataka | “I’m afraid we’re going to be more busy”: Jensen Huang Discrepa from Musk and sees at AF a deep labor transformation

Nintendo is an expert in squeezing the market. With switch is leaving a huge hole and people are looking for life

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The launch of the Nintendo Switch 2 It has been a success. The console is a switch in steriors, one “If it works, don’t touch it“. And the market, which He has not always treated him wellis approving that vision: He made history forks The fastest console has been sold in Japan. But that does not mean that the new model has covered all the gaps left the previous one. The problem. The original Nintendo Switch was an ideal console for travel through its “portable” factor. The second edition continues that legacy, but also maintains one of his problems for those who want to go further. There are situations where we want to play on a TV while traveling or at the home of a friend or family. And Nintendo forces us to use a spectacular and not very comfortable dock. Unlike other portable consoles, which we can connect to monitors with a simple USB-C cable to HDMI, to remove image from the switch screen we need to connect the console to your dock, which also feeds the switch with current. The great absent. Nintendo has a great ELENCH OF ACCESSORIES FOR SWITCH 2: Pro control, loading supports, steering wheel, camera, case and protector, found everything in one, MicroSd Express cards … and yet it does not market a small size dock or adapter to use while we are traveling. What opens the doors to third brands to take over. The (sometimes unreliable) alternative market. Today there is a market that promises This of Antank and even more versatile, with interesting additions such as PowerBank. However, a Review by Reddit indicates that several are not sewing and singing, or Plug & Play. They have problems such as being bkeful with televisions, not supporting the HDR, partially blocking ventilation grilles, require firmware update for the new model, have PowerBank but do not load it while we use the console, limited availability according to markets, etc. In short, you have to look very well before buying. Makers to the rescue. Before the hole left by Nintendo and the problems or price of the third -party market, the makers do not disappoint, and there are already those He has designed bases For the Switch 2 printed on 3D that fit even in transport covers and include the cooling fan. The paste? In addition to requiring a 3D printer or knowing someone who prints the model, they involve disassembling Nintendo’s original dock to use its components in the printed piece. With some complication. Change from one structure to another is not difficult, apparently. But there are components such as flexible cables Ribbon that can suffer in the exchange, and the responsibility is of the user. Once everything is mounted, the operation is simple. From the Switch 2 a USB-C cable comes out that is connected to the printed base. From it, in turn, an HDMI comes out that goes to the screen we want to connect, and its side there is another USB-C port that feeds the console. There are also ideas for the original switch. Logic is similar: from 3D printed bases reuse the components of Nintendo’s original to others that They involve disassembling third -party docks To take advantage of space. It seeks comfort and ease of transport, and there is little that resists modern 3D impression. Image | Xataka and Makeworld In Xataka | This is what I would have liked to know before I started in the 3D printing world

We know more than Mars than the seabed. An expert helps us to understand why it is still an enigma and what mysteries keep

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What if we told you that there is such a tiny creature that it can hunt generating a bubble at more than 100 km/h, with a temperature similar to the sun? What if the orcs were smarter than we believe, even capable of having bait traps or hunting the very blue whale? The bottom of the sea It is still a place full of mysteries. We think we know him because we have seen documentaries or movies, but we have barely scratched his surface. Science and separate With a new episode On our YouTube channelalso available as Podcast on Spotify and Ivoox. A space in which we address scientific issues from a close and informative approach. In this second installment, our partner Ángela Blanco talks with Álex Avelloethologist and disseminator, to explore the amazing behavior of marine animals and everything we still do not know about the ocean. The pistolera gamba is one of those animals that costs to believe that they really exist. It is tiny, but its way of hunting has nothing subtle: it closes one of its tweezers to more than 100 km/Hy generates a bubble whose temperature, according to some studies, could approach the surface of the sun. “This always caught with tweezers too, a little above, a little below,” says Alex. The click is so brutal that it can be detected by the sound of a submarine. If the puppets can submerge up to 3,000 meters is not only because of their size or strength, but by a fascinating biological mechanism. “It has an organ that is called sperm … I always say it is like a bag full of wax, a wax -full supermarket,” explains Álex. When they prepare to descend, they let cold water into that organ, which solidifies the wax and turns their heads into a natural ballast. “In this way they go down to every tablet,” he adds. While they descend, they emit clicks that bounce with everything they find, as a kind of sound. There is an idea that is repeated throughout the episode: we barely know what is in the depths. “We know 4% of all oceans,” says Alex. And that leaves a lot of room for imagination. “Today, to me someone comes to make sure Megalodon is impossible for it to exist …”Every time he gives a talk in schools, children ask him about mythical sea creatures. And his answer is not a resounding. Because the truth is that we have not yet reached there. Are dolphins smarter marine animals? Álex clarifies: “Orca is within the family of dolphins … but the orca is superior to the dolphin. In fact, the orcs hunt dolphins, the dolphins do not hunt orcas.” What comes later in the conversation ends up clarifying why. And it is worth listening. Not all animals eat what they are in front of them. Some know how to wait. “Have that ability to say: ‘Ok, I have this that I can eat it right now, But I can use it as a tool… ”, Recalls Álex when talking about an orca who saw in a video as a child. What he did with that fish is difficult to forget. He tells him in detail in the episode. This is not all. In the second episode of science and apart there are more stories that surprise, that make them think and that remind us of everything we do not know yet. You can see or listen to it. Where do you prefer. Images | Xataka In Xataka | There are thousands of people hooked to streaming. One to 3,900 meters deep full of marine curiosities (and memes)

Walking cats with belt is in fashion. We have asked an expert in feline behavior and is clear about what he thinks

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If you have Instagram or Tiktok and you like cats, I bet an arm to which videos have come out of Cats that leave the house tied with strap and harness. Some even go on a trip around the world, explore forests, jump, run and They even swimas if they were dogs. How is it possible? Is it advisable to walk the cat? To solve these and other doubts we have spoken with Paula VanascoFeline therapist and president of the association Rescues Borges Blanques. The phenomenon of adventurous cats It began to popularize in the 2010 on Instagram. One of the first was Vladimirthat traveled with its owners in a motorhome Throughout the United States. Also Skattya Maine Coon who was traveling on a sailboat with its owner, who was completely deaf and leaned on the cat to know when ships approached or sent him messages. A search on Tiktok returns to hundreds of results. “Cat harness”, “Adventure Cat”, “Cat Leash Training” … Today, any of these searches in Tiktok or Instagram returns us hundreds of results. Walking to the cat is fashionablebut it is not easy. If not, many of the reels that appear to us would not be tutorials and advice to accustom the cat. And if there is something that has tried to know is that, unlike dogs, cats They don’t like anything to atten. Understanding the nature of cats Paula is part of the team of Feline therapy And in your day to day Treat cats with behavioral problemssome of them caused precisely by these walks. Its positioning is clear: it is not a good idea to put a belt to a cat. “Cats are hypersensitive animals. For them a harness is stressful, so when you put it on the first time, many are thrown to the ground.” In addition, he adds that “to make it safe, it has to go very tight, which still makes it more annoying for the animal.” You have to understand that the nature of cats differs a lot from the dog. They are territorial animals and They feel safe within their territoryit doesn’t matter if that territory is the countryside or a flat in the city. When they leave their comfort zone, they always do it very little by little: “The cat needs to explore the territory at its rhythm, not that you take it wherever you want.” Instead, walking to a dog is more natural because its nature is to move in herd. They are social animals And security is provided by your pack, so when we walk them they feel safe. Image: Amparo Babyloni, Xataka Surely you have seen cats rubbing against the corners of furniture or other objects. It is the way they have of Create a safe space. When they explore, cats are rubbing at different points where They leave pheromones that serve as olfactory references. “This is how they explore the territory feeling safe. If there is any scare they go back, then they leave again … and so on until they have it controlled.” “When we get the cat out of its territory, it adopts a prey behavior. If there is a strong noise you will try to run and if you are tied, you can’t do it.” Nor should we forget that, although cats are predators of small animals, they are also prey to other larger ones. “When we get the cat out of its territory, it adopts a prey behavior. If there is a strong noise you will try to run and if you are tied, you can’t do it,” says Paula. It is not that the cats we see in the Instagram videos are all stressed, Some enjoy those outings, But according to Paula “they are the exception. They are cats that have learned that their environment is that and also have a very balanced character.” Using them since childhood is key because “cats do not develop fear until they have 5 or 6 months,” but insists that this is not a guarantee that it will enjoy it and should never be forced. What we don’t see on Instagram If it is outside its territory and scares, The cat instinct is running and getting safebut what happens if we have it tied? Two things can happen: “Let the harness escape or attack you.” In This video You can see perfectly how the cat tries to flee and when not getting it, he ends up biting its owner. Is what is known as redirected aggressivenessan episode in which the cat has a very violent response, in this case for a clear cause: try to flee and not be able to. If the cat tries to flee being tied, two things can happen: “That the harness escapes or that attacks you” The other scenario is to get rid of the harness and run away (the most common, because we already know that Cats are liquid). Being in a environment“It has no visual or olfactory references and there are not a few cases of cats that end up being lost.” If it is also in the city, the risk that a car is hit or attack a dog is very high. There are people who opt for Take the cat inside a backpack type carrier and walk it in this way. Here it is much more difficult for the cat to flee, but Paula does not recommend it either: “I had a case of a cat that took him inside a backpack. The cat did not show the stress at the time, but when he got home he became aggressive. They were very frustrated to be locked up.” Another problem is that many people who get their cats abroad do not know how to understand The language of cats. “That a cat is still does not mean that it is calm.” In other words, it is not necessary to go crazy like that of the video so that it is assuming stress. Cats … Read more

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