difference

Atomic clocks seemed untouchable. A blackout caused a difference in the official US time

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To think that the official time of a country could fail is, at first, almost impossible. We are not talking about a domestic clock or just any server, but about the system that sets the pace of networks, satellites and critical services. That is why it is surprising to discover what happened recently in the United States. A power outage in Colorado was enough to remind us that extreme precision is not isolated from the physical world that sustains it. According to CBS, Xcel Energy applied a preventive shutdown to reduce the risk of fires due to very strong gusts of wind, and the NIST complex in Boulder was affected on Wednesday of last week. The power outage was followed by a backup generator in the institute’s laboratory. In that sequence, and according to information confirmed by NIST, the country’s time reference was slightly off for a brief interval, until part of the supply could be restored. Put a tiny deviation into context. The figure that came out of the NIST systems was 4.8 microseconds, that is, just a few millionths of a second different from what was expected. To get an idea of ​​that magnitude, NIST itself explained that A human blink lasts around 350,000 microseconds, a very different scale from the recorded mismatch. The variation is so small that for the vast majority of everyday uses it is irrelevant, but it serves to illustrate the extent to which even a minor deviation is measured, recorded and taken seriously in temporal reference systems. To understand why this offset is considered relevant, it is worth clarifying what exactly the official time of the United States is. The country is not governed directly by UTC, the coordinated international standard to which multiple nations contribute, but by a national implementation known as NISTUTC. Since 2007, that reference is established under the supervision of the Secretary of Commerce and the US Navy, and is adjusted to stay aligned with global coordinated timing. NIST-F4 Cesium Source Atomic Clock NIST calculates the official time from a weighted average of sixteen clocks spread across its campus, including hydrogen masers and cesium beam clocks, each with different functions and strengths. This approach allows us to gain stability and resilience, since the final signal is not conditioned by the behavior of a single instrument. Therefore, even when one of the elements of the system is affected, the whole continues to offer an extremely precise reference. What broke was not the watch. During the blackout, the atomic clocks continued to run thanks to their battery systems, as explained by NIST. The problem occurred in the connection between some of those clocks and the measurement and distribution systems that consolidate the final signal. When that communication was lost for an interval and one of the planned backups failed, the resulting time reference slowed down slightly. Technical personnel who remained at the facilities later activated a reserve diesel generator, which allowed part of the operation to be recovered and the system to be stabilized. NIST page The institute stressed that this gap has no appreciable effects on daily life. The nuance appears when looking at certain technical sectors, where extreme synchronization is an operational requirement. Critical infrastructures, telecommunications networks, positioning systems or some scientific environments work with such tight margins that even a minimal deviation deserves to be recorded and reported. The next step was to return to operational normality. NIST indicated that the correction of the gap will be carried out when all systems are fully powered and can be recalibrated with guarantees. Xcel Energy announced yesterday Monday that it was completing the restoration of service after the storm and the preventive cuts applied due to fire risk. Meanwhile, the institute began an internal review to evaluate the impact of the blackout and verify that redundancies and protocols responded as planned. Images | NIST In Xataka | China says it has detected an NSA operation against its most sensitive infrastructure: the center that controls the time

the price difference with gasoline is now almost zero

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Bad news for drivers of diesel vehicles, who continue to be the majority in our country although they sell less and less. This fuel, which has traditionally been cheaper than gasoline, now faces a worrying future, and in fact the savings it previously offered are fading. It doesn’t stop going up. In the last five months the price of diesel has not stopped rising and in total its cost for the user has increased by 7% in this period. This upward trend is a setback for millions of users who see how the traditional economic advantage of their vehicles fades away little by little compared to gasoline options. Price gap closes. The most recent data from the EU Oil Bulletin, for the last week of November, indicate that the average price of diesel has stood at 1,456 euros per liter. That of 95 octane gasoline has not changed that much, and its appreciation in that time has been 2.1%, standing at 1,489 euros. The price difference between both fuels has been reducing in this second half of the year, and is now only 0.033 euros per liter, the narrowest margin since December 2023. Nuances. In reality, Spain’s situation is not exceptional, and in the EU there are already 11 countries – such as Austria, Belgium or Sweden – in which diesel is more expensive than gasoline. However, Spain remains one of the regions with the most affordable diesel, and is the fourth “cheapest” country in the EU, only behind Malta, the Czech Republic and Bulgaria. Russia and winter. Inés Cardenal, Director of Legal Affairs of the Fuel Industry of Spain (AICE), explained in El País the possible causes. According to her, Russia “is a large producer of refined diesel, the fuel most consumed in winter in Europe, and that has continued to put pressure on the market for three years due to the mismatch between supply and demand.” The US sanctions on large Russian crude oil producers They don’t help, of course. Diesel had an advantage. The truth is that diesel plays with a fundamental advantage in Spain: It has a tax burden that is 10 cents per liter less than that affecting gasoline, something that has led to its lower price. However Spain promised Europe a tax reform in exchange for continuing to receive European funds, and the idea is precisely increase the tax burden on diesel to equate it to that of gasoline. The surprise has already happened. In the last 20 years there have only been two times when the price of diesel exceeded that of gasoline. The first in 2008 due to the massive “dieselization” of vehicles in Spain. The second, due to the war in Ukraine, which caused diesel to be slightly above gasoline in March 2022 (€1.83/l vs €1.81/l) and remained above half a year. Uncertainty. Although the price of crude oil has remained relatively stable in the last year, European fiscal policies and the geopolitical situation point to a potential paradigm shift. It may not be a bad idea to prepare for a scenario in which fill the tank in a diesel vehicle no longer represents the savings of yesteryear. Image | Ali Mkumbwa In Xataka | Given the slow progress of the electric car, Spain has a forgotten alternative: 100% renewable fuel

Gemini 3 promises more quality and precision than ever in its responses. The question is whether we will really notice the difference

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Google has announced the launch of Gemini 3its new artificial intelligence model. in the company They claim it is their most advanced reasoning model because it is “designed to understand depth and nuance.” Gemini 3 will also be available as standard as part of AI Mode in the renewed Google search engine (in this case and for the moment, only in the US). It is the first time that Google offers the benefits of its AI model from day one in the search engine, but it also reaches the Gemini app and the developers who work with AI Studio and Vertex AI. Behind him success of Gemini 2.5 Pro and Flashthe new version arrives in 30 new languages, including Catalan, Basque and Galicianand as we say you can start testing today in the United States… or outside of there via a VPN. Gemini 3 promises. At least in the tests Google highlights how the model’s behavior has been outstanding in various synthetic tests. Thus, Gemini 3 leads the LMArena classification with 1,501 points—the first to overcome the 1,500-point barrier. According to Google, the Gemini 3’s test results put it ahead of all its competitors in virtually all scenarios. In fact, he manages to reason “at the level of a PhD” according to the tests of Humanity’s Last Exam (exceeds 37.5% of the test without tools) and GPQA Diamond (91.9%). It also makes spectacular progress in mathematics, as demonstrated by the 23.4% on the MathArena Apex test: GPT 5.1 scores 1.0% and Claude Sonnet 4.5 1.6% on the same test, for example. The model also wants to be more direct: his answers are more “concise (…) and he prefers to offer valuable information instead of resorting to clichés and flattery. Tells you what you need to hear, not just what you want to hear“. Gemini 3’s ‘Deep Think’ mode goes even further in tests: in Humanity’s Last Exam it achieves 41.0%, but it also in the demanding ARC-AGI 2 It achieves 45.1% (with code execution), which also demonstrates progress in abstract reasoning and visual understanding. Gemini 3 explains the world to you in a simple way The model has a context window of up to one million tokens, which allows it to be used, for example, to analyze huge repositories of code or text and then work on that data. Its multimodal support allows you to analyze all types of information. For example, Gemini 3 can decipher and translate handwritten recipes in different languages ​​to create a family cookbook that you can share. Or analyze your pickleball games (we assume the same thing happens in other sports) and identify areas where you can improve and generate a training plan. Or scrutinize the data from a research paper and from it generate code for an interactive guide that helps us better understand those studies. In fact, integration with Google Search is an especially important part of Gemini 3, which being “embedded” in AI Mode It has the capacity to generate interactive visual elements (widgets, calculators, simulations) in real time. At Google they want the search to be more interactive than ever, and that will mean that sometimes the answers will not be just text, but rather a small interactive webapp that allows us to better understand the answer. Programming (and agents) to power The other crucial element of the model is its capacity in the area of ​​programming. Its results in tests of this type are once again outstanding, and for example it tops the WebDev Arena leaderboard with a score of 1,487 ELO. The model now behaves much more powerfully in the visual part. It also scores 54.2% on Terminal-Bench 2.0, which evaluates a model’s ability to use tools and operate a computer through a terminal. Additionally, it far outperforms 2.5 Pro in SWE-bench Verified (76.2%), a benchmark test that measures the effectiveness of scheduling agents. These Gemini 3 programming capabilities are intended to be used in a new agent development platform called Google Antigravity. The developer experience is using a “conventional” AI integrated development environment (IDE), but your agents can have access to the editor, terminal, and browser. That means these agents can autonomously plan and execute complex software tasks and validate their own code, making it easier for human developers to review and audit that code than ever before. The real challenge of the most recent models On paper Gemini 3 is postulated as a model that can really make a difference compared to its competitors. The test results and Gemini’s own trajectory make us think that the behavior of this model will indeed be remarkable. However The question is whether we will really notice the difference. In recent months we have seen how other AI companies have launched new models, but the impact for a large majority of users has been discreet: the previous models already performed really well, and although the new ones undoubtedly provide improvements, for many consultations these improvements allow us to perceive that jump in performance. Here we see two ways for Google to effectively demonstrate the capabilities of these models. The first opportunity for Gemini 3 will likely be in the area of ​​programming, and it will be these professionals who will likely be able to get the most out of those additional capabilities. But for the rest of the users, it will be that new AI Mode and the Gemini app that will have to make us notice those features. We are intrigued by this ability to respond with small interactive elements —graphics, widgets—, and perhaps with them we will really discover this new capacity of this chatbot. In Xataka | Let’s say goodbye to Google Assistant a decade later. Google has begun to delete its code to leave only one option: Gemini

Cocina con Coqui has gone to Andorra like so many influencers. The difference is that his fans have not forgiven him.

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If you are a crypto bro who has as part of his speech a inalienable right to pay taxes that you consider fair (that is, the minimum, or even a little less), when you go to Andorra to pay much less taxes from there than from Spain, your followers will even applaud it. But of course: not all content creators are the same. Or maybe yes. Those who are not equal are his followers. Who is Cocina Con Coqui. If you are not one of the gastronomic influencers, you may not be aware of who it is. Cooking with Coqui. It is about a cook whose real name is Coco, and who has achieved a great fame, with nearly four million followers on social networks. Its recent success has been boosted by the release of a cookbook which will go on sale the first week of November: it is already at the top of reservations in the gastronomy category on websites like AmazonFor example. Her personal story, as an immigrant who came to Spain from China as a child and who managed to build a career based on a passion for cooking, has generated strong empathy and admiration in a wide audience. The controversy. Despite her friendly and unproblematic image, the influencer gastronomy has been the subject of some controversy revealed that it pays taxes in Andorraa European tax haven in which a large number of influencers and Spanish content creators to avoid the country’s taxes. This revelation was initially spread through the publication of a screenshot of the influencer’s newsletterwhere the tax address in Andorra was clearly shown. This seemingly technical detail became the source of an intense debate. The networks are burning. Based on this information, social networks exploded with accusations, calling Cocina con Coqui a tax evader and questioning her commitment to the country that has seen her career grow. The influencer kept silence in the first momentswhich increased speculation and criticism. Its success thus brings to the fore the discussion about the fiscal responsibility of content creators. Why Andorra. One of the main reasons why public figures like Cocina con Coqui they choose to pay taxes in Andorra It is the attractive tax advantage that this state offers. Compared to Spain, where personal income tax can exceed 45% for the highest incomes, Andorra applies a maximum tax rate of around 10%, which represents substantial savings for high-income content creators. The Andorran tax system is recognized for its simplicity and stability, factors that attract self-employed professionals or digital entrepreneurs seeking to optimize their tax burden. Question of solidarity. However, this phenomenon generates an intense debate between legality and morality. Although these moves do not constitute a crime if the tax residence requirements are met, they are seen by an important part of society as an act that, being legal, It is not ethical or supportive. Thus, paying what the law allows is not always synonymous with doing what is morally expected, especially when it comes to taxpayers who have built their success in a country but decide to pay taxes abroad, which opens a crack between the law and the social perception of tax justice. In Andorra. The Rubius was one of the first Spanish youtubers to publicly announce that he was going to Andorra. Although he justified his decision by claiming that he wanted to be close to his friends who already lived there, he could not prevent a social debate from breaking out.​ Vegetta777, TheGrefg and Willyrex, with millions of followers, also settled in Andorra mainly for tax advantages. On the contrary, influencers who have remained in Spain such as Ibai They have seen their popularity reinforced by a decision that affects their pockets. Why not this one and others yes. Clearly, you can see among TheGrefg’s audience, very young, masculine and individualistic, a clear difference with Cocina Con Coqui’s followers, largely female and somewhat older. And although the tangana will undoubtedly have brought together a good part of habitual insulters on social networks who have seen the opportunity to parade unjustifiable racism, the truth is that among the critics words such as “evasive” and expressions of disappointmentand old posts have been recovered, such as in which he announced his transfer to fill them with comments, spoiling their attitude. In Xataka | From promoting raw liver as a nutritious food to ending up arrested for threatening Joe Rogan, Liver King’s unique journey

Using the WiFi on the train in Spain is the worst. The question is why there is so much difference compared to the rest of Europe

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If you have to work from the train and need WiFi, good luck. In some areas, even mobile data is useless, making the experience a real torture. It is no wonder, and Spain has one of the worst railway WiFi network infrastructures in all of Europe. According to an Ookla studiothe median download speed on Spanish trains reaches just 1.45 Mbps, compared to 64.58 Mbps in Sweden, which tops the list. At least we are above the United Kingdom or the Netherlands. A multi-layered problem. It’s not just a bad WiFi connection inside the carriage. The main failure, according to the study from Ookla, is in the “backhaul”, that is, in how the train connects to public mobile networks from the roof. Most European countries, including Spain, depend on “incidental” mobile coverage: the antennas installed by operators are designed to serve population centers, not specifically trains. The result is dead zones, constant signal drops and insufficient bandwidth when the train runs between cities. Average unloading speed on European trains. Image: Ookla Outdated technology on board. Inside the car, the panorama doesn’t help either. Although the study does not detail specific data for Spain, countries with similar performance such as the United Kingdom still maintain more than 50% of their connections on WiFi 4, a 2009 standard, and 38% use the 2.4 GHz bandmore prone to interference and congestion. This combination of outdated technology limits the experience even when the outside connection is decent. Sweden solves the puzzle with politics. In Sweden, the case is interesting because it dismantles the complicated terrain argument. Until the beginning of 2024, its trains offered speeds of just 2 Mbps. In the second quarter of that year there was a structural leap: the PTS regulator allocated public funds for neutral infrastructure in tunnels, imposed rail coverage obligations in the 2023 spectrum auctions and identified 45 tunnels and 630 kilometers of track with poor coverage. In just one year the speeds multiplied by more than 30. Average upload speed on European trains. Image: Ookla In Switzerland the model is different, but effective. This country, which is positioned in second place according to the Ookla ranking, has a different structure. And instead of universal WiFi on board, its operator SBB offers “FreeSurf”, a system that allows passengers with a Swiss SIM to use mobile data without consuming their rate while traveling. Bluetooth beacons in the carriages detect the device and the railway operator assumes the cost with the telcos. This avoids the bottleneck of shared WiFi and allows investment to be concentrated on improving the mobile network layer in the corridors. The problem is that it only works for residents with a local SIM. France invests in dedicated network. France built a specific network for railways on routes such as Paris-Lyon, with base stations every 2-3 kilometers, antennas facing the track and special systems in tunnels for trains that travel at 300 km/h and change cells every 15 seconds. Although the study places France In an intermediate position (19.12 Mbps), it continues to be well above Spain. Median latency of European countries compared to Taiwan. Image: Ookla Modern trains are Faraday cages. Part of the problem is structural. And how mention study, current railcars incorporate low-E glass with metallized coatings that block mobile signals more than a layer of concrete, according to tests carried out by the British Department of Transport. Germany has invested 50 million euros in laser treating 70,000 windows of 3,300 carriages to make them permeable to radio frequencies. Belgium abandoned a 173 million euro on-board WiFi plan and preferred to invest 40 million in modifying the windows of its trains. Asia prioritizes mobile over WiFi. In Japan, South Korea and Taiwan, the approach is different, as they invest in dedicated mobile data coverage on roads and tunnels, and treat WiFi as a secondary service. According to the study, Taiwan leads in latency (13 ms) and already deploys WiFi 6 on 20% of its rail connections. Its download speeds (8.1 Mbps) far exceed those of Spain, although they are far from the European leaders. The Japanese government, for example, has subsidized since 2020 the installation of cellular systems in all tunnels in the Shinkansen. satellite internet. Just like mention the study, operators such as ScotRail, SNCF, Trenitalia or PKP Intercity are testing terminals starlink and OneWeb on rural or coastal routes where ground coverage is insufficient. The strategy is not to replace mobile coverage, but to join both connections through onboard SD-WAN gateways. There are still limitations, as certified rail terminals are still in short supply, they do not operate in tunnels and the operational cost remains high if data is used intensively. In Xataka | How to share the data connection of your Android mobile or iPhone with an Internet access point

Zuckerberg already has his superintelligence team. It also has many employees angered by the abysmal salaries difference

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Imagine that you have been working in a company for many years and hire a new team, which is dedicated to the same as you, but charges much more. I wouldn’t make any grace. This is what is happening in goal after the arrival of the new superintelligence team and its millionaire salaries. Zuckerberg has spent summer hiring the best talents of AI And now that he has them, he faces a problem: get everyone to be happy. Page more. As reported in the Wall Street Journalone of the consequences after the formation of the superintelligence team has been that the most veteran employees have begun to compete for new positions and salary increases. An employee who achieved a millionaire bonus left anyway because he thought the new ones continued to win more than him. Privileges. The new team, to which TBD Lab have baptized, works at the finish line in Menlo Park, in a restricted access zone very close to the office of Zuckerberg himself and their names do not even appear in the organization chart of the company. The secretism surrounding the project and these security measures are creating the perception that there is a distinction between employees. Counteroffertes. Some unhappy employees went to the competition in search of new opportunities and got a counterofferte by the goal to stay. According to the Wall Street Journal, some got important increases and even moved to the TBD Lab team. Meta has denied it, ensuring that they already planned to move those employees. Resignations. We recently talked about The first side effects of these millionaire hiring. They counted In Wired that at least three of the new signings had resigned just a few weeks after starting in their new positions. Ruben Mayer, who came from Scale AI left the company for personal reasons. Avi Verma and Ethan Knight went to Openai, and Rishabh Agarwal He did not make clear what his destiny would be. There are more. Chaya Nayak, product director of the generative and goal employee for more than eight years, has also gone to OpenAi. Volatility. The case of Shengjia Zhao illustrates very well the volatility of the IA labor market. He reached the finish line as part of the Superintelligence Team and, according to Wireda week he decided to return to OpenAI. Meta got his salary tripling, in addition to offering him the position of chief scientist. Again, goal denies it and In the announcement They affirmed that Zhao had been the chief scientist since the first day, but they had not made it official until then. Image | Wikipedia In Xataka | The new AI star is Alexandr Wang: Zuckerberg has given the keys of the future to a child prodigy of 97

There have always been people preparing for the Apocalypse. The difference is that they now include AI in their survival kits

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For years there are people preparing for a nuclear war, for the end of the world, or For both. They are called ‘Preppers‘, that at times like the recent Spanish blackout They feel claimed. The movement is mutatingand as Mit Technology Review collects, the needs and possibilities of 2025 leave us people doing and proposing Collect Artificial Intelligence Language Models (AI) to save them in a USB pendrive. A good tool for the end of the world. The engineer Simon Willison, known for being the creator of the Django web development framework, has A plan For a future dystopian: keeping open artificial intelligence models, you can execute them at home if collapse civilization. In this way, even without internet access, it would be possible to continue accessing the enormous human knowledge located in its pesos. To carry out something like that, there is no need for resources beyond the reach of the homes of the homes. Today, there are already AI models that can be executed at home, Even in smartphones. Even something as powerful as Deepseek can work on our PCprovided we use a small version, the ‘distillate’ of 8,000 million parameters. As Share Evan Hahnthe Chinese Qwen 3 model, in its 600,000 parameters version, can occupy the ridiculous amount of 523 MB in our storage. With only 2 GB, we can download call 3.2 in its version of 3,000 million parameters. A powerful but “economical” team like a Mac Mini M4 can run models capable at home. An alternative to something more traditional: all Wikipedia. Download all the wikipedia To read it without connection, it is something possible with different options, and something equally useful in an apocalyptic scenario such as the proposal. Hahn has included what he would occupy with the great open language models, and using little space, enough information can be stored. With 356.9 MB we can access the 50,000 best articles in Wikipedia. And with 57.18 GB, which fit perfectly in a modern pendrive, we can have in our possession all the Wikipedia available in any language. Occupy less than half of the space, we can have QWEN 3 of 32,000 million parameters and Deepseek R1 of the same size. Limitations. Using artificial intelligence at home to have access to the knowledge of the world sounds very good, until not so much. Simon Willison himself told Mit Technology Review to use the local AI models “is like having a strange, condensed and defective version of Wikipedia.” The reason is simple: the models are trained with data available on the Internet, to the point that the AI bots are putting the future of Wikipedia at riskHowever, these models do not faithfully reproduce all the information when we enter Prompts o Indications to ask about a specific topic. The hallucinations problem. Not only are they confirmed by actors such as OpenAi, but for them we know that models such as O3 and O4-mini They hallucinate more than their predecessors. According to Jensen Huang, we need much more powerful hardware So that this phenomenon of AI disappears, and of course, it is not hardware that we have at home. In addition, small models executable at home, being very small versions in size and memory used, toThey look more. And more limitations. In our tests executing local AI models on smartphones, The results are irregularalthough promising. In that sense, Apple itself will open in iOS 26 his AI to any developerso that they can execute it on the device itself. Beyond the quality of small and local models against the gigantic Grok 4, O3-PRO either Claude 4 a ‘prepper’ plan with pendrive has more limitations, and is to trust such a unit for a situation that requires, above all, reliability. These USB units are not designed to last more than 10 years. If they have poor quality NAND chips, they can even stop working without use. And that is why there are companies like Machdyne UG, which has created a pendrive that It lasts 200 yearsor so they promise. Of course, even if I achieve that longevity, it has an 8 kB capacity, which only gives to save some text. If you want to store almost all the knowledge of humanity, it is best to think of a lasting environment in optimal conditions. And then, think about major disasters. Image | Antonio Sabán with Ia In Xataka | AI is one of the most advanced technologies that the human being has built. It also gets distracted with a cat

While France and Switzerland turn off reactors by heat, Spain continues to generate electricity. The difference is in the forecast

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Europe is living Your worst heat wave with temperatures that have exceeded 40 ° C in several countries. The most unheard of, if one can see the situation, is that some European plants have had to close temporarily. An unusual fact. The heat not only feels in the streets: it is also affecting the heart of the European energy system. According to Euronews, This week three nuclear reactors have been disconnected in France and Switzerland for the temperature rise in the rivers they use to cool. In Girfch, to the south of France, one of the reactors stopped as the Garona River approached at 28 ° C. In Switzerland, the Beznau Central did the same: one of the reactors was out of service and the second was operating in half capacity by heat in the Aare River. Preventive measures. The reason behind this temporal closures responds to an environmental regulation that forces to reduce production when river water is excessively heated, since it could affect the ecosystem by being returned even longer, such as have detailed in Euronews. In addition, restrictions or power reductions have been applied in French centrals such as Buity, Blayais and Cruas. The origin of the problem. Water is key in any nuclear power plant. Without it, there is no way to keep the reactor temperature under control. But with increasingly hot rivers, especially during heat wavesthat function begins to fail. The worst thing is that many of these plants were built between 60 and 80, when climate change was not a factor to take into account. Now the consequences are clear: According to The New York TimesFrance could end up losing up to four times more electricity in summer if this type of closures becomes usual. A problem that aggravates. During the heat waves, more electricity is needed to light the air conditioners or fans, so the demand increases at the same time as the generation capacity falls. This has generated a domino effect on the European electricity market. According to the economistthe megavatio hour has come to double in a matter of days in France, affecting countries such as Germany, the Netherlands and Belgium that depend on gala electricity. And in Spain? Despite registering equal or even higher temperatures, Spain has not had to close any heat power plant. As He explained The economist, the key is in infrastructure and design. Unlike France, where many plants depend directly on rivers such as Garona or Rhone, in Spain solutions such as cooling towers have been adopted, which cool the water before returning it to the natural environment. A paradigmatic example is the Trillo plant, whose ability to operate during heat waves is due to this type of system. Also, like We have detailed in this mediumSpanish nuclear power plants are designed with a triple cooling system: a closed primary circuit that contains the fuel bars, a secondary circuit that generates the steam to move the turbines, and a third external circuit that introduces cold water – teacher of rivers, reservoirs or towers – to condense the steam. In addition, after Fukushima, all centrals incorporated portable and self -employment systems, capable of maintaining cooling functions even to climatic emergencies or electrical cuts. More interconnection? The situation that France and Switzerland are going through is not an isolated event, but a symptom of an still fragmented energy Europe. While in southern France reactors by heat go out, Spain keeps its centrals operational and could even contribute more electricity to the continent if there are better interconnections. These situations show the bottleneck that limits the electrical export capacity of the Iberian Peninsula. Spain has a nuclear park adapted to heat and a growing renewable base – specially solar and wind – that could serve as an energy lung for a Europe increasingly affected by extreme events. The energy future of the continent not only goes to adapt to heat, but also by connecting better. Image | Pixabay Xataka | Israel has been bombing the nuclear facilities that build other countries around its surroundings. This is the real risk of collapse

We have been confusing celiachy and gluten intolerance for years. The difference is important but invisible to the naked eye

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In recent years we have seen that celiacía or celiac disease and gluten intolerances They were visible. Although today society is more familiar with these terms, the fact that the element that unleashes both adverse reactions of our body is the same, gluten, implies possible confusion between one disorder and another. Let’s start with the basics: What is gluten. Gluten is a protein that we can find in the grains of some plants, among which we can highlight wheat, rye or barley. Gluten can even be extracted and used as an additive to give some texture and flavor. However, in the supermarket we will also find products that highlight in its packaging the absence of this protein. The reason is that many people feel adverse reactions to their consumption. These reactions have different origins but similar symptoms, which makes many people not familiar with the differences between these two disorders. Celiacy It is an autoimmune disorder. When celiac people consume buttocks, their immune system is unleashed and damages intestinal villi. These are microscopic projections that are part internal lining of the intestine, fundamental when absorbing nutrients. The damage caused hinders precisely the absorption of nutrients after the autoimmune reaction is unleashed. We do not know of the existence of a cure for this disease and it is little that we know of its origin. We do know that there is a hereditary component: people with celiac relatives are more likely to suffer from this disorder. Among its symptoms, abdominal pain, gases, constipation, apparently inexplicable weight loss, among others, can be found. Gluten intolerance, gluten sensitivity or Non -celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is also unleashed as a reaction to gluten consumption and presents some similar symptoms to celiac disease. However, in these cases, experts are not clear about the intervention of the immune system because antibodies are not detected in our body’s response to protein consumption. This adverse reaction can also make symptoms arise in our digestive system, including gases, diarrhea or constipation; as well as symptoms of other types such as headache, joint pain or rashes. Little by little we study this type of problem, but there is still little we know about this intolerance. Similarities and differences The fundamental difference between gluten and celiacan intolerance is what makes the latter a more serious disorder, and it is the damage that appears in the intestine and that can affect how our body absorbs our body nutrients. This damage does not occur in intolerant people. He Autoimmune origin It can also be seen as an important difference. Both disorders share some symptoms but it is also important to cut the gluten of diets also leads to a rapid improvement of these symptoms. So how is each condition diagnosed? When we feel that gluten feels bad for us We can submit to some tests that tell us if we have celiacy. A Antibody test You can tell us if our body is generating an autoimmune reaction by processing gluten. We can also make a genetic test that tells us if our genes are related to a propensity to suffering from the disease. Finally, a biopsy can indicate if we present intestinal lesions of celiacism. If the tests do not indicate the probability that we suffer from this disease but our symptoms refer by ceasing to consume gluten, it is likely that the diagnosis is NGCS. “Celiac disease is a disorder of the immune system that damages your small intestine even when you eat a small amount of gluten. Celiachy also runs in the blood,” Explain Alberto Rubio Tapiaof the Cleveland Clinic. “(Non -celiac gluten sensitivity) is a digestive disorder, not an immune system problem. NGCS does not damage your intestine and does not tend to repeat itself in families.” As if this were not enough, there is another disorder that can sometimes lead us to confusion. Celiacía and intolerance should not be confused with food allergiesespecially with the Wheat allergy. Being wheat, an important gluten source, falling into this error can be easy. A not very severe food allergy can cause similar symptoms that could be confused with those of celiac disease or with gluten intolerance. Other symptoms of allergies, such as itching in the eyes or respiratory problems can help us distinguish this third problem. Distinguishing between the three conditions is more important than it seems. The most severe food allergies can put our lives at risk, but celiachy is also related to serious health problems that can occur in the long term. Celiac people tend for example to present a Greater risk of suffering from intestinal cancer, lactose intolerance or type I diabetes. In Xataka | What is xantana rubber, the thickening additive that replaces gluten: how it is used and nutritional value Image | Wesual click

balanced performance, generous screen and a s pen that makes a difference

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Every time a New tablet In the market, I ask myself the same question: Who is you really thought for? The answer, of course, is as diverse as the current offer. A basic tablet designed for schoolchildren is not the same as a high -end oriented to design professionals. Even so, they all share at least two keys: they bet on portability and offer good autonomy. And in many scenarios that is enough to put aside the laptop, with everything that its operating system and its application ecosystem implies. Although the tablets lived years of falling in salesthe panorama has changed: This segment shows strength again. For manufacturers, it is a clear opportunity to update their catalogs and attract new users. In this throne fight, Apple continues to bet strongly on its iPad, while Samsung responds with its Galaxy Tab range. The last to get on the ring are the Tab S10 Fe and Galaxy Tab S10 Fe+newly presented in Spain. Just a few hours ago they went on sale, but I have had the possibility of trying the most ambitious. Technical sheet of the Samsung Galaxy Tab S10 Fe and Galaxy Tab S10 Fe+ Samsung Galaxy Tab S10 Fe (10.9 ”) Galaxy Tab S10 Fe+ (13,1 ”) Dimensions and weight 254.3 x 165.8 x 6.0 mm, 497 g (Wi-Fi), 500 g (5g) 300.6 x 194.7 x 6.0 mm, 664 g (Wi-Fi), 668 g (5g) SCREEN 10.9 inches LCD 90 Hz 13.1 inches LCD 90 Hz PROCESSOR Exynos 1580 Exynos 1580 Memoirs 8 GB + 128 GB 12 GB + 256 GB MicroSD to 2TB 8 GB + 128 GB 12 GB + 256 GB MicroSD to 2TB BATTERY 8,000mah 45w 10.090MAH 45w Rear cameras 13 MP 13 MP Front camera 12 MP ultra wide angle 12 MP ultra wide angle Operating system Android 15 One UI 7 Android 15 One UI 7 Connectivity 5g Wifi 6 Wi -Fi Direct Bluetooth 5.3 5g Wifi 6 Wi -Fi Direct Bluetooth 5.3 PRICE From 579 euros From 749 euros Screen that shines with its own light and a high design In the first contact with the Galaxy Tab S10 Fe+, there was something in which several of those present agreed: the screen imposes. During the minutes before the individual test, while the tablet was passing from hand to hand, comments on its size were not lacking. With 13.1 inchesit is a panel that stands out to the naked eye and that makes it clear that there is plenty of space to work, play or see content with total comfort with its resolution of 2880 x 1800 pixels, although with some limitations such as its LCD panel, 800 nits of brightness and 90 Hz refreshment rate. During those first minutes, the visual experience was more than satisfactory. The bezels, although they are not tremendously thin, when I started to move among the applications, I practically forgot that they were there. And at least indoors, I had no complaint about brightness or visibility. An interesting detail: Samsung’s new family of tablets covers almost all screen sizes. Tab S10 Fe has 10.9 inches; S10 Fe+, 13,1; La Tab S10+, 12.4; and the Tab S10 ultra bets on a huge 14.6 panel. In short, options for all tastes. The Tablet works with Android 15 and the ONE UI 7 customization layer of Samsung, and in this first contact everything moved with ease. I did not try especially demanding apps or heavy games, so that section will be pending for a more thorough analysis. What we do know is that the heart of the device is the new Exynos 1480a chip of the house that takes over of the exynos 1380 present in the Galaxy Tab S9 Fe and S9 Fe+ of 2023 that precisely showed a performance according to the mid -range that belongs. As for the rest of the specifications, the South Korean company offers versions with 8 GB of RAM and 128 GB of storage for 749 euros, and another with 12 GB of RAM and 256 GB for 849 euros. The good news is that the capacity is not limited to the initial configuration: it can be expanded by microSD cards of up to 2 TB. A point in favor for a tablet that Samsung defines as the entrance door to its high -end ecosystem, and that presumes in addition to 10,090 mAh of battery and fast load of 45 W. Returning to the question he asked me at the beginning, about whom this type of device is whose body is aluminum and transmits a sensation of remarkable quality, I think it can fit very well in the day -to -day life of university students. I think about it about the combination of its big screen and the S magnetic pen, They form an ideal couple to take notes or work comfortably. Writing on the tablet is very pleasant. I did not perceive any delay when moving the pencil on the panel, and in addition, there are software -based functions that improve writing and even solve mathematical calculations. The application to take Samsung notes allows you to write by hand with the help of intelligent tools. One of them shows lines similar to those of a traditional notebook, which appear as we write to facilitate alignment and improve the shape of the letters. It also includes a function to transcribe the handwritten text and another that allows you to solve a wide variety of formulas directly on the digital sheet. From Samsung they say that it is even able to interpret complex operations automatically. The new Tab S10 Fe and Galaxy Tab S10 Fe+ incorporate a button dedicated to Galaxy AIa clear reflection of the prominence that AI is taking within the Samsung ecosystem. By pressing it, it is possible to invoke both the Bixby assistant (yes, it is still alive) and the new assistant Google Gemini. Of course, not all functions are available: the Sketch to Image option is missing, which … Read more

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