Chinese

The Chinese solar sector wanted to save itself from overproduction with a pact. Just managed to sink faster

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Despite being a reference country World Cup in renewable energy, China Face a perfect storm In its solar sector: price collapse, red margins and an uncontrolled overproduction. Given this situation, more than 30 solar manufacturers agreed to stop the offer to stabilize the market, imitating the OPEC model. A kind of “Solar Cartel” in the style of oil exporting countries. It hasn’t done very well … Six months later, the result has been a disaster. Far from stabilizing, production has reached historical maximums, the facilities have tripled and losses continue to accumulate. According to Bloombergdifferent executives in the sector have publicly expressed their frustration and accuse their competitors of betraying the collective pact. OPEC style? Some of the big Chinese photovoltaic companies seem to be following the example of OPEC. As He explained Oilprice, the famous oil sign has been adjusting its production to influence global prices. The logic is clear: if the offer is limited, the price drop is contained and war between producers is avoided. Something similar is happening in the solar sector. Longi, Tongwei and Ja Solar have signed a “self -discipline” agreement under the Chinese association of the photovoltaic industry. The reason? Profitability is falling as panel prices, modules and wafers continue to fall. The pact seeks to set production fees by 2025, depending on the installed capacity and market share of each company. Chronicle of an announced death. Like Santiago Nasar at 5:30, this pact also had an inevitable ending. Unlike the oil market – dominated by state giants – the Chinese solar sector is private, fragmented and fiercely competitive. According to Bloombergthe agreement was not binding or contemplated sanctions. It was nothing more than a declaration of good intentions. And while some expected others to fulfill, many took the opportunity to gain market share producing even more. The result was excess supply, prices in free fall and sunken balances. No rules and every machine. According to Oilpricethe plan included limiting new investments, raising the technical requirements and increasing from 20% to 30% the minimum capital required for new projects. The government also implemented measures to cool the overheated sector. However, instead of containing themselves, companies intensified production so as not to lose relevance. According to data cited by Bloombergsolar facilities tripled in a year, and manufacturers have not closed or reduced operations significantly. The damage has been tangible. Longi Green Energy, one of the leaders of the sector, reported in the third quarter of 2024 a loss of 174 million dollars (1,261 million yuan), its first major fall since 2016. In the words of the company itself, collected by Oilpricelast year marked the first collective loss of the sector in almost a decade. The Chinese government has already hardened the conditions for new investments, and there are voices that ask for a firmer intervention. But the truth is that the “OPEC Solar” has failed loudly. The market remains overflowing, depressed prices and competition more wild than ever. The mirage of coordination. Try to coordinate a privatized and fragmented industry with a voluntary pact has been, as has detailed Bloomberg, an idea “condemned from the beginning.” Far from an orderly cartel, the attempt has exposed the structural weaknesses of the Chinese solar model: brutal efficiency, but without rules or firewalls. China continues to lead the world in installed capacity for renewables. But its solar manufacturing sector now faces a hard truth: in a market without discipline or referees, surviving is more difficult than producing. Image | Grégory Roose (Pixabay) Xataka | China’s energy paradox: an ‘electrostate’ that continues to feed on coal

A “Chinatown” for 2,000 Chinese workers

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Figueruelas is a small village. According to The INE It does not reach 1,300 inhabitants, throughout the town (discounted the canteen of the pools) it works A single bar And most of its inhabitants They conduct to neighbor Zaragoza to cover many of the services they need in their day to day. Now the town faces a great logistics challenge: the construction and commissioning of The new catl factory It will mobilize 2,000 Chinese operators who (logically) will need a roof. The question is: where and how to give them that accommodation? A fact: 2,200 workers. The new battery factory for electric cars in Figueruelas was announced between Employment promisesbut for now the construction and commissioning of the factory will mobilize Chinese operators. Many. Many. The Aragon newspaper concretized A few days ago that between this year and the one that Catl comes, it plans to transfer Figueruelas to 1,847 Asian professionals. Moreover, the first 274 operators will arrive before 2025. Other sources go further and talk about the mobilization of around 2,000 Operators from the Asian giant to launch the factory. Or even more. A month ago, during An interview With the Being, the mayor of the town, Luis Bertol, revealed that “more than 2,200 workers from China” will move to work in the Aragonese village, located half an hour from Zaragoza. One question: Where are they going to live? It doesn’t matter if the data of 1,847 worked Advanced by the local press or the estimate that Bertol handles. The forecasts of Chinese operators mobilized to shape the future Catl factory are considerable and leave a question: where are they going to live? Or rather, where are they going to stay? The issue is better understood if it is taken into account that in Figueruelas there are hardly any 1,270 neighbors registered. Around 2,000 operators Chinese who will disembark over the next few months to build the new factory that will take from batteries to Stellantis will far exceed the local census and force those responsible for the project to seek accommodation. A complex task. And that they cannot take. The idea is that the factory begins to produce modules already In 2027so the first contingent of workers would arrive This fall and will continue in 2026. A WARNING: “zero” offer. Bertol assures That the multinational wants the accommodation of Chinese operators to be “as close as possible to the factory”, but that raises a challenge: the municipality has a land available, but if we talk about housing offer already built things are different. In A recent talk With EFE, precisely about the challenges for his town and neighboring villas, the mayor of Figueruelas acknowledged that the current housing offer is “zero.” Zaragoza is not far away, but its real estate market is not immune to the tensions experienced by the sector in most capitals and large cities in the country. The offer It has been reduced And prices have shot. According to the idealistic portal, throughout the last year the cost of rentals has been more expensive 10% In the Aragonese capital. If we talk about the sale market, the price increase is even greater, 12.8%. Another figure: 1.5 hectares. At the end of May Herald revealed that the multinational needs at least 1.5 hectares next to the Figueruelas factory to assemble “a great self -sufficient accommodation” for the hundreds and hundreds of operating workers mobilized from China. Bertol himself He has recognized that the company have been interested in the availability of land, although, nuancethere are no decisions made and other options are handled. The newspaper Quote five locations Upon receiving displaced employees from China: Pedrola, Grisén, Barboles, Alagón and Figueruelas, the option for which his first mayor bets. “I think the most feasible is that it is in Figueruelas”, Bertol emphasizeswho ensures that the multinational wants operators to be as close as possible to the works. To facilitate it, the City Council already He would have offered him “Several land available.” Another challenge (already medium and long term) is where to accommodate or how the housing market will influence thousands of employees that will have the battery factory when it is operational. An idea: prefabricated homes. As is usually the case with all megaprojects with multinationals and millionaire investments, around the new catl factory for Stellantis reigns discretion. That has not prevented news about possible solutions to welcome workers. And one that Sounds strongly It is the creation of prefabricated houses. “The little information I have is that they are looking for soils to make some villas”, assures the mayor of Figueruelas. In his opinion, “the solution is to build Mobil Homes“For workers. Herald speaks Also of bungalós that will be expanded to the rhythm that the contingent of displaced workers does. From the project environment They guarantee that operators “will not live in barracks” and Spanish and European regulations will be respected. The UGT union He already warns which will be attentive to complying with minimums on labor legislation. For now and in regard to accommodation, the local press assures that factory investors have contacted modular construction firms and You are looking for Housing for the high positions and technicians in Zaragoza. A memory: the works of 1982. The arrival of 2,000 Chinese has generated expectation nationwide, but in Figueruelas there are those who see it with relative tranquility. After all there are precedents. Something similar happened for example to early 80swhen the landing of General Motors was accompanied by technicians from other countries. “Then American, German and even Japanese came,” Remember in The country a former director of the company. Images | Swedish Pavilion AT Shanghai Expo 2010 (Flickr) and Figueruelas City Council In Xataka | The remote roads of Teruel are filled with trucks loaded to the top of clay. The reason: Ukraine

Japan has discovered rare earth tons on its most remote island. Casually, a Chinese aircraft carrier has just approached

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Year 2022. Japan Make a decision That he was going to be fruit months later. The Japanese nation did not want to depend so much on China in a matter of rare earths, so decides to start a series of projects to search for them even at the bottom of the ocean. In the summer of 2024 they give a treasure in that seabed: a site of 230 million tons Of those “precious” lands, a swag that are under the easternmost island of the nation. Chance or not, something unprecedented has just happened in front of the enclave: a Chinese fleet With an aircraft carrier. An unpublished maneuver. For the first timea combat group headed by the Chinese liaoning carriers He has entered the exclusive economic zone (ZEE) of Japan, marking a new phase in Beijing’s naval projection and awakening immediate concern In Tokyo and Washington. The group, composed of the aircraft carriers, two destroyers with guided missiles and a supply ship, penetrated waters to about 300 kilometers to the southwest of the Japanese Minamitori Islandthe easternmost point of the archipelago, before leaving the area to perform aircraft takeoff and landing exercises. Although Japan He avoided confirming If he presented a formal protest, he said he had transmitted an “appropriate” message to the Chinese authorities: he displayed the Haguro destroyer To follow the activity of the Naval Group. Minamitori and his treasures. As We explained at the beginningthe incident is not just symbolic: Minamitori It is not inhabited by civilians, but houses facilities of the Japanese weather agency, self -defense forces and coastguards. Beyond its isolation (about 1,900 km from Tokyo), this remote island has become a point of Geoeconomic interest Due to the vast submarine deposits of rare metals, especially manganese nodules. In fact, recent studies estimate that nearby seabed contain More than 200 million of tons of these resources, fundamental to Strategic technologies and high capacity batteries. The passage of Liaoning so close to the enclave adds a warning dimension on Chinese interest not only territorial, but also economic in areas where Japanese sovereignty is not in dispute. Minamitori Island Leave Vú. Although this has been the first documented incursion of a Chinese aircraft carrier in this part of the Japanese ZEE, the truth is that it is not An isolated fact. Liaoning himself had already sailed Last month Between two Japanese southern islands, also within another region of the Japanese ZEE. In September 2024, he crossed between Yonaguni and Iriomote, two islands near Taiwan, even entering into adjacent watersthat extend to 24 nautical miles from their coast. In each of these movements, Beijing has rehearsed navigation patterns that expand the operational scope of its navy, reinforcing its ability to operate far from its coastline and projecting power in sensitive areas. Tactical climbing. We have gone counting. These incursions occur in a context of Regional tensions persistent. Japan and China keep years ago A dispute over the Senkaku Islands (Diaoyu in Chinese), uninhabited, but strategically located in the Eastern China Sea. Beijing has not stopped pressing its claim with regular naval patrols (even with buoys), while strengthening its presence in the Western Pacific through demonstrations of force such as Liaoning. The repetition of these maneuvers suggests A deliberate campaign to expand the regional tolerance threshold in the Chinese presence in areas traditionally dominated by the United States and its allies. Contained response. The spokesman for the Japanese Ministry of Defense has been clear when interpreting the maneuver as An effort from China For “improving its operational capacity in distant areas”, a reading that coincides with the recent evolution of Chinese military doctrine, more ambitious and less disguised. Although Tokyo has opted for a rather mesurated response, focused on intensive surveillance instead of direct confrontation, the underlying message It seems unequivocal: Japan is not willing to normalize Chinese military traffic in its maritime influence areas, especially in areas close to resources strategic However, the lack of a formal diplomatic protest could be interpreted as an attempt to avoid an immediate escalation while alliances are consolidated and countermeasures are evaluated. A red line. What just a few years ago would have been unthinkable, that a Chinese combat fleet with an aircraft carrier would navigate so close to the Japanese eastern end, today is an operational reality with lasting implications. As China strengthens its fleet and displays your assets With greater confidence, the Pacific maritime border becomes a board increasingly unstablewhere the strategy of the consummate threatens with redefining the rules of the game. If you want also, the Liaoning transit Together with the Japanese island, not only defies the regional balance, but also rehearses the normalization of a Chinese military presence in key areas for the energy, territorial and technological security of Japan. A Key Chess Chart Oceanicone where each movement is a reaction test. Image | BaycrestUS Air Force In Xataka | China has been claiming as its islands from Japan 130 years. So he has made a decision: surround them with buoys In Xataka | Yonaguni’s Japanese island was known for its beauty and Bad Bunny. Now it is a military strength because of Taiwan

Chinese mobile manufacturers are already thinking about 2050. And that is why they are not thinking about mobile

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It was 2021 and Xiaomi looked the blanket at the head. He confirmed that he would manufacture electric cars and invest 10,000 million dollars in that project. Surely not many believed that I could do something in this market, but three years later the firm amazed the world with the Spectacular Xiaomi Su7. Meanwhile Apple, with many more resources, canceled his project Titan: Where they failed, a Chinese mobile manufacturer had triumphed. Capital surprise. Losing. A year after their presentation, the accounts at the moment do not come out in the electric car division. In the fourth quarter of the year 2024 They lost 700 million yuan (85 million euros) in that segment. This quarter have lost 500 million (almost 61 million euros), so things have been slightly better. Not good, but better. But, but. In that result, Xiaomi’s strategy with the electric car is demonstrated. It is a copy of Amazon: Lose money now to dominate later. It is what the company created by Jeff Bezos in Electronic Commerce did, and as Tesla would later do in automotive. Xiaomi plays in the long term, and the EV division already represents 16.7% of the income, something exceptional taking into account how little the firm carries the firm. And the mobiles, what? They are still very important, of course. Together with its IoT devices – connected to all kinds – income grew by 8.9%, which is not bad. But that growth – now takes advantage of the commercial war and that recovered love for national devices – has been slowing down for years. The mobile is a product too mature, too much to walk at home, so the solution is clear: diversify. The electric car has been the absolute exponent of that decision. There are many. Xiaomi is not the only one who has looked for plans B. A few days ago honor Huawei spin into 2020announced that He threw himself to the segment of humanoid robots. It is in fact Just what Huawei announced recentlyand now its ex -devision – consideration or not – will bet on this market. In honor they see the Humanoid robots as part of the comprehensive commitment to the AI ​​they made last March. It was then that they pointed out that they would invest 10,000 million dollars, a colossal figure. China’s obsession with this type of robots It comes from afaralthough his promise – which in 2025 would reach an advanced level and would be produced in mass – was too optimistic. Growing. Both in one and another, the striking thing is that both companies already had a solid business in the field of mobility. Especially Xiaomi, what According to IDC It grew 2.4% in the first quarter of 2025 compared to the same period a year ago and is the third manufacturer of the world by volume. Honor is not part of the first five of that ranking, but it is still one of the protagonists. Even in spite of this, both have wanted not to stagnate and launch into new business fields. The mobile remains the focus at the moment, but be careful, because if the electric cars segment is massified – growth is clear – and that of humanoid robots ends up curdling – here there are many more doubts for the moment – those bets can go out very well to these Chinese companies. In Xataka | It is no longer science fiction: China has celebrated a kickboxing tournament between humanoid robots, and is as real as disturbing

The Catl battery factory in Aragon promised to generate thousands of work. At the moment, 2,000 Chinese will be left

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1,847 Chinese workers. That is the estimated figure that, according to The Aragon newspaperwill arrive in Figueruelas to lift the battery production plant for electric cars that Catl and Stellantis signed months ago. Then it was sold that some 3,000 jobs would be created but, for the moment, almost 2,000 employees will come from the Asian country. The data. The first time that the subject was discussed Chain ser Last May. Then it was pointed out that Catl would arrive in Figueruelas (Aragon) with more than 2,200 workers from China who will raise the new battery factory for Stellantis “, in the words of Mayor Luis Bertol. The figure, as we see, has clarified until it closes in the aforementioned 1,847 workers. The town faces a challenge, since those almost 2,000 workers would fold the current census of inhabitants that In 2024 it was estimated at 1,240 neighbors. Obviously, the vast majority of factory workers that Stellantis has in the municipality live in nearby towns and, above all, in near Zaragoza since they are currently accounted for about 5,000 regular employees in the property of the car manufacturer. A promise. The new factory that Catl and Stellantis will raise in Figueruelas will be The largest battery producer of electric cars from our country, even ahead of Volkswagen’s in Sagunto. Then it was announced that it arrived with an investment of 4.1 billion euros under the arm. But it was also promised that it would create 3,000 direct jobs. The figure leaves the declaration of general interest (say) approved by the Government of Aragon to open the doors to the express processing of the aid, as collected in December 2024 in The Spanish. “The noise is in the media”. Since the news was known, the coming and going of the numbers on Chinese workers has raised some dust. It is not clear why CATL needs to bring almost 2,000 Chinese workers to raise their factory. Nor if that work could have been left in the close environment or if knowledge is missing for it. Similarly, it has also been put on the table how Figueruelas will face its population. Bertol pointed to The Aragon newspaper that “noise is more in the media than among our neighbors.” Explain that the idea is to start prefabricated housing near the factory facilities. And he shields that there was already a similar situation in the 80s when General Motors lifted the Opel plant (which now belongs to Stellantis) in the town. Is it legal? According to The Aragon newspaperChinese workers who will arrive in Figueruelas will not be only operators that aim to lift the factory. Intermediate controls are expected and, of course, high -ranking controls. To do this, Catl will apply the framework of the Unity Law of large companies and strategic groups (Law 14/2013) Born to promote the arrival of these macroprojects after the 2008 crisis. This law is included, for example, the streamlining of residence permits for highly qualified workers. Is Chinese labor needed? “At the start you need people who, getting out of the plane, know what to do in that factory later.” Thus defends Bertol, mayor of Figueruelas, the arrival of these workers in the city. “You don’t have to get your hands to the head for this matter, it is a logical and normal process,” he explains to The Aragon newspaper. “Catl brings battery technology, which is also the best in the world market, and brings its machines and ways of working.” Without these workers it would not be the factory in motion although, yes, it is not said how long they are expected to maintain their work in the Aragonese town or if formations will be established to local workers. Other cases. Although striking, the case of Figueruelas is not exceptional either. Catl’s landing in Germany was similarwith investments that came from the hand of Chinese workers who could train local workers but, above all, they did Full performance What was lifting. Byd has worked similarly on his arrival in Hungary. And it is something that works in the two West-Oriente directions. Following the tariff war that the United States opened with all the countries of the world, the debate of Why Apple did not make its iPhone in the United States. Beyond costs, there was a simple reason: there is a lack of people formed. Photo | Stellantis and Catl In Xataka | Nissan pointed to the electric car as a future plan. It will fire 9,000 employees and prove Toyota

20 years ago, BWM allied with a Chinese manufacturer to make motorcycles. Now, that manufacturer has eaten the toast completely

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The Chinese motorcycle is sweeping in Spain. So much so that at the level of brands two of the four best selling in our country They come from China. Honda and Yamaha, the Japanese mythical, endure the attack on the accumulated sales, but analyzing the photograph begins to change. A lot. The best -selling trail in Spain is VOGEthe Premium brand of the Chinese giant Loncin. This manufacturer landed in our country in 2019, today is the fourth manufacturer of the ranking, behind another Chinese manufacturer who cups third place: Zontes. About Voge, there is a curious story about how a Chinese brand is managing to conquer Europe … From the hand of a German giant. Loncin has been manufacturing BMW engines for more than 20 years And, in fact, many of the current flagship models of the German brand, such as the BMW F 900 GSThey have these engines made in China. The collaboration agreement Born in 2005, Loncin promised to redouble investment in equipment and installation to manufacture with the BMW standards and the requirements of The euro standardseven going beyond the manufacture of engines: they also manufactured motorcycles for the German company. BMW C 400 GT VS VOGE SR4 MAX 350. The BMW Scooter is based on the BWM platform and technologies. In his plan to increase income and reinforce ties with the Chinese giant, BWM licensed some of his platforms and engines to Voge, and hence the motorcycle that is sweeping in our country arises. Voge is currently the fourth Spanish manufacturer. BMW the seventhwith problems growing month by month. With the VOGE 900 DSX they have achieved their goal: Head the sales ranking in the traile segmentone of the most important and aspirational in the world of motorcycle. It is a model that drinks directly from the BMW F900gs, with the difference that at the equipment level, it is significantly above. The data is not only relevant to leadership in its category: it is because Voge has managed to place a trail of almost 10,000 euros in the third position of the best -selling brands in Spain. The other 9 are scootersa category that Cup more than 50% of the total sales in our country. VOGE 900 DSX. China’s plan to conquer the European consumer in the world of motorcycle is in two pillars: the quality-price and equipment. Regarding the first, The VOGE 900 DSX is sold for € 9,192 in Spain. Its counterparts in BMW, the F 800 GS and F 900 GS, start from € 10,970 and € 13,980, respectively. If we want to equip them, the price exceeds 15,000 euros. The commitment to notice of obstacles at the dead angle (something only common in motorcycles that cost almost double), emergency braking warning system, rapid series change, or a seven -inch TFT with Screen Mirroring are a notice to the rest of the segment giants: the selling a base product and becoming based on extras is a game in which China is not going to enter. Image | VOGE In Xataka | To manufacture for first brands to compete with them: Chinese motorcycles are sweeping in Spain

The US will revoke the visa of Chinese students to protect their AI industry. The risk is that he ends up wounding her death

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China is by far the largest world graduate producer in Stem races (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics), both in absolute and relative terms to the global total. The phenomenon is an exceptional magnitude, but there is a country that has just been slaughtered in their noses: United States. What happened. As they pointed out In The New York Times A few days ago, the US Secretary of State, Marco Rubio, advertisement that the Trump administration “would aggressively revoke” the visas of Chinese students. In these visa cancellations, those students with ties to the Chinese Communist Party (PCC) or those who study “critical fields” that did not define clearly but probably include that of AI will be included. Source: The New York Times. Impact. In 2024 in the United States, 20% of the visas granted to students went to young Chinese students. The measure is worrying for American universities, which depend on international students who pay the full cost – without scholarships – for their annual income. In addition, this decision affects both students who want to ask for a visa from now on and those who are already studying in the country. In total there are about 275,000 Chinese students in all types of university careers. Uncertainty. It is not clear what criteria will be followed to revoke these visas and not as quickly these measures will begin. Nor is it known if China will retaliate, although the number of US students in China is much less significant. In 2020 USA He already expelled to 1,000 Chinese students with ties with Chinese military schools. A massive practice. A report Published by the State Department and the NGO called the Institute of International Education indicated last year that China was the second country with the highest share of international students: only India “exports” more students. In the 2023-2024 COURSE, it received 1.1 million international students, of which 331,000 came from India (23% more than the previous year) and 277,000 from China (4% less than the previous year). Source: CSET. China is absolute power in Stem. If there is a “graduate” graduate producer “(science, technology, engineering and mathematics), that is China. Collected data By cset They reveal that in 2020 China led the number of graduates in these disciplines, with a total of 3.57 million students. Only India approaches with 2.55 million students, but for example in the US the figure is four times lower than in China: 820,000 graduates. Source: CSET. And the one that is most dedicated to these disciplines. Not only is it that China has the greatest number of Stem graduates in the world: it is that the percentage of students who choose these disciplines is also the largest in the world. 41% of students are launched to Stem Carreras. They are followed by Russia (37%), Germany (36%, Iran (33%) and India (30%). In the US, only 20%of students bet on scientific careers. Source: Macro Polo / Paulsen Institute. And that includes AI. In People’s Daily They pointed out A few days ago how approximately 50% of the main researchers of AI are trained in Chinese universities. The worrying thing for the US is not that: they depend a lot on them. A report of the Paulgo Institute of Chicago (USA) recently revealed that 38% of AI experts that develop their professional career in the US They have formed in Chinese universities. They are in fact more than those who have a strictly American origin (37%). China does not stop betting on Stem Education. Between 2012 and 2022 the budget spending of the Chinese government in education increased from 2.2 billion yuan (268,167 million euros) to 4.85 billion yuan (591,187 million euros), more than double. Several Chinese elite universities They have announced His intention to expand his curricula with the objective of prioritizing the strategic needs of the country, and here the AI ​​- who You start teaching in schools– It’s key. Imminent danger. This domain has a direct impact on the capacity of innovation, technological development and industrial competitiveness of China, but also of the countries that allow Chinese students to study and then work in international companies. Cut your wings to that talent is to cut them to innovation. The US will get just the opposite of what it intended. The analyst Alberto Romero explained How these measures are probably designed to protect national security – which Chinese students do not end up “spying” for China. “However, instead of helping the US to enhance their industry, what can happen is that they weaken it. Not only that: that revocation of visas can precisely help China meet their strategic objectives. Nvidia already notified with the hardware. The US opted to veto the export of its advanced chips from AI to China. The shot has come absolutely for the cylinder headand instead of preventing Chinese development and innovation, it has put a rocket. They do not seem to have learned the lesson, and revoke the visas to Chinese students can end up being an even bigger shot that comes out of an even bigger cylinder head. Image | Zixi Wu In Xataka | China has declared the war on private school: why he predicted the prolific “tutorials”

The biggest Chinese chips is about to start production at 5 Nm. Your plan is to have the 3 Nm in 2026

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TO SMIC (Semiconductor manufacturing international corp), The largest Chinese semiconductor manufacturer has cost it more than two years to refine its most advanced integration technology what is necessary to produce integrated 5 Nm circuits. And he has not just traveled this path. Huawei has traveled it from the hand of Huawei. Dr. Kim, an expert in chips manufacturing who has worked in Samsung and currently investigating TSMC in the US, He maintains that SMIC It is about to start the production of 5 Nm chips. It is perfectly credible because, as we have just seen, we know with certainty that this company has been Working in this technology. And, in addition, Dr. Kim is a reliable source. However, this expert has pointed out something crucial that we should not overlook: the performance per wafer that SMIC has currently achieved in its 5 Nm nodes is less than 30%. When semiconductor manufacturers produce a chip wafer, some of those nuclei do not work properly. It is normal. And when they launch a new lithographic node, their performance by wafer usually has a wide margin, but little by little, as engineers refine their integration processes, this parameter improves. A mature lithography can deliver to integrated circuit manufacturers a very high performance, but an incipient technology usually moves in the orbit of 50% performance, so only half of the chips produced work correctly. SMIC 3 and 5 nm chips are possible thanks to the SAQP technique The problem is that for an integration technology to be profitable from an economic point of view, its performance by wafer has to be At least 70%. And, as we have just seen, Dr. Kim argues that the SMIC 5 NM node is below 30%. It is objectively a very poor performance, but we know what this low figure explains: the technique used by this manufacturer to produce these semiconductors. It is known as Multiple patterningand SMIC has used it for more than a year and a half to make 7 NM chips for Huawei and other customers. The 5 Nm chips that SMIC will manufacture for Huawei are possible thanks to a technology known as SAQP This strategy consists in transferring the pattern to the wafer in several passes with the purpose of increasing the resolution of the lithographic process. It works, but is responsible for wafer performance is clearly improvable. However, in all probability the integrated 5 Nm circuits that presumably SMIC will manufacture soon for Huawei are possible Thanks to a technology known as SAQP (Self-alledhed Quadruple Patterning), which is nothing more than a Multiple patterning more aggressive and sophisticated than the one used to manufacture the soc Kirin 9000s of 7 nm and other chips. A report published two days ago by the Taiwanese media Economic Daily News ensures that SMIC will start the manufacture of 3 Nm semiconductors equipped with GAA transistors (Gate-alall-around) For Huawei in 2026. However, this is not all. This article also maintains that this last company has already completed laboratory tests that pursue the manufacture of integrated circuits using carbon nanotubes. Huawei’s plan presumably is to give this innovation to SMIC to adapt it to large -scale production. The enormous effort that Huawei, SMIC and other Chinese companies involved in the design and manufacture of semiconductors are the result of their inability to access the equipment of extreme ultraviolet photolithography (UVE) produced by the Dutch company Asml Because of US sanctions. With these SMIC machines could make 3 and 5 nm chips delivering a performance by wafer similar to that they have achieved TSMC or Samsung. However, the need to produce these integrated circuits using deep ultraviolet equipment (UVP) of ASML, which are less sophisticated, forces them to resort to the SAQP technique. It works, as we have seen, but these companies lose a lot of competitiveness due to the poor performance by wafer and the high cost that this technology entails. More information | Economic Daily News In Xataka | The US has declared the total war on Huawei: he does not want him to sell his chips for the most advanced outside of China

In his obsession to torpedo the Chinese chips industry, the US wants to block an essential to manufacture them: the software, according to FT

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Hard setback for the Trump administration, which dawns this Thursday, May 29 with a clear response from the US International Trade Court to its tariff policy. The organism has declared generalized tariffs illegalafter considering that “they exceed any authority conferred on the president by the IEEPA (Law on Economic Powers in case of international emergency) “. In the middle of the storm, sources of Financial Times They declare that the United States Department of Commerce has begun to urge the main suppliers of electronic design automation software (EDA), in a new attempt to continue trying to knock each of the pillars that sustains the Chinese semiconductor industry. The new order. The Trump administration is starting to inform To the main national companies that offer the necessary software to design semiconductors that they must stop selling their services to Chinese groups. A measure that strengths the commercial war between the United States and China, at a time when the latter country is in full chips national production record and getting closer to develop their own 5 Nm lithography. The big names. There are three big names playing in the American industry: Cadence, Synopsy and Siemens. These three companies They monopolize the bulk of the Global EDA software market And they have been key for China to have been able to develop its current semiconductor industry. Preventing China from accessing this type of solutions is a zancadilla. These tools are essential to achieve advanced lithographic processes and expedite essentials such as design verification, performance simulation, energy consumption, and other key aspects to lead in the manufacture of any chip. Why is EDA software. In the manufacture of a modern semiconductor, tools that make it possible to automate the essential design and verification processes for its manufacture are necessary. Minimizing the margin of error and being especially effective in the refining of your behavior is key to leading this career. EDA software is a fundamental element to ensure that these designs meet the expectations of the manufacturing process, and allows to automate each of the phases of the same. The local industry. SMICthe spearhead in the Chinese semiconductor industry, It has been using Synopsys design suites For more than 20 years. After entering the Entity Listthe company did not lose access to these toolsonly access to them was difficult to be forced to establish license agreements to be able to use them. If Trump’s order is fulfilled, it will not be possible to renew these agreements or access to the software of these companies. Immediately after the intentions of the US administration, local companies such as Empyrean Technology, Primarius Techonologies and Semitonix, have seen the price of the action around 20%. These companies are specialized in the development of software solutions for semiconductors, and are some of the main names that sound after Trump’s threat. Even in the air. Although sources consulted by Financial Times affirm that the United States Industry and Security Office (BIS) is issuing this new directive through letters to companies, some like Synopsys have not taken long to uncheck. “We are aware of the rumors and speculation, but Synopsys has not received any official communication from the Bis. That is why we keep our annual forecasts unchanged, based on our current understanding of the export restrictions of the BIS and in the forecast of an interannual fall of the income from China.” Cadence and Siemens, for the moment, have not made statements about it. In Xataka | China prepares the mate to the US: it will have its own UVE lithography team to make chips in 2025

Chinese immigrants have always been a mystery to Spain. The podcast ‘a and a half Chinese’ is solving it from within

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‘A and a half Chinese’ is one of the last phenomena that have emerged in Spain portraying the Chinese-Spanish experience. It’s about A podcast Made by a couple of young people from Chinese origin but totally settled in Spain, and who interview program after program to immigrants from the Asian country (although not exclusively), with which they address extremely diverse issues: from the personal experience of a Chinese that is also black to the evolution of purely Chinese businesses in Spain such as restaurants or bazaars. A combination of success. Jiajun Yin and Lin are the two presenters of ‘A and a half Chinese’, and a fast flutter on the themes of your programs And the extracts that select for social networks make clear the secret of their success, beyond the acidic gaze that translates the Chinese experience in Spain. It is a program that raises a very personal balance between playing with the topics of the Chinese seen from outside (with humor that, if it came from someone not Chinese, would be considered racist, as competitions to open your eyes a lot) and first -hand information about How Chinese immigrants open so many businesses in Spain. Main themes. The themes that Jiajun Yin and Lin van from personal anecdotes to the cultural shock, through the process of dismantling community stereotypes or detailing the differences between generations of migrants. Thanks to their ability to make a speaker of issues little visible in traditional media and, with the help of their closeness and humorous tone, they have earned an audience that exceeds, Only on YouTubealmost 130,000 subscribers. Chinese-Spanish for the world. ‘A and a half Chinese’ is not an isolated phenomenon there are multiple creators and artists who have similar approaches: an integration experience in Spain, but without losing their Chinese identity along the way. For example, without leaving the orbit of podcasts, we have a ‘Banana Generation‘. Its author is Ouyang Zhu, with a more serious point than ‘a Chinese and a half’ and that borders activism, with conversations about the Children of migrants And the problems to integrate, getting to touch aspects such as the relationship between racism and mental health. Second generation. Content creators such as ‘a Chinese and a half’ or ZHu address the needs and concerns of a second generation of migrants. This claimed in ‘El País’ the need to have “mediocre referents“That they are not marked by success or sacrifice. It is a generation often raised in solitude due to the work demands of the parents, who often Invite your podcast to also expose their views. On paper. Not only in the world of podcasts there are authors with these themes. For example, Quan Zhou Wu She is a comic author born in Spain of Chinese parents. Theirs are works such as ‘Gazpacho Agridulce’, ‘Andaluchinas for the world’ and ‘People from here, people from there’, in which they also add up issues such as racism, bureaucracy or the sense of belonging. Minke Wang, meanwhile, is a writer and poet and lives in Spain since the age of ten. In books like ‘Overseas voices‘makes a non -fictional story about the hybrid identity that has marked several generations of his family. A mentality that has marked second generation migrants, who are now being expressed with their own works. In Xataka | China wants to dominate world trade and has a plan in progress: bring the sea to its interior cities

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