weight

We have discovered the “button” that activates our hunger. And it is the next revolution in weight loss medications

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In the molecular complexity that reigns in our body with the aim of controlling all its processes, Weight and appetite are undoubtedly one of the most complicated to keep under control.. Now, an international team of scientists has shed light about a molecular mechanism that acts as a master modulator, changing the way our brain processes hunger and satiety signals. Something that can give rise to new medications such as the famous Ozempic. The study. Published in the journal Nature, this research focuses on a key player in our metabolism: the melanocortin-4 receptor or MCR4. In this way, you can think that MCR4 is the “guardian of appetite” because it is nothing more than a protein present in our neurons that, when activated, tells us that we are satiated and that it is time to burn energy and reduce food intake. However, the operation is not as simple as the switch that turns the light on or off in our house. This is where its lesser-known, but crucial, partner comes into play: the MRAP2 accessory protein. The big change. Until now, it was known that the MRAP2 protein interacts with MC4R, but the consequences of this relationship were not fully understood. The new research reveals that MRAP2 has a drastic effect on the behavior of the appetite guardian and this is where the role it may have as a therapeutic target comes into play. What was known until now is that MC4R receptors tend to clump together on the surface of cells, forming “oligomers” or, to simplify, working in pairs or groups. Now the study shows that when MRAP2 enters the scene, it breaks these bonds and forces the MC4R receptors to act as “monomers”, that is, alone. A priori, the fact of going from being paired to acting alone may be insignificant, but the consequences it has are enormous and completely modify the recipient’s response to stimuli. Boosts the main signal. This is one of the effects caused by the MRAP2 interaction in this equation. Specifically, it has been seen that when it is in a monomeric state, MC4R becomes much more efficient in activating signaling pathways mediated by the G protein. This means that, with the same amount of stimulus (the α-MSH hormonewhich makes us feel satiated), the cell’s response is considerably stronger. Cancels stop signal. Normally, after activation, the receptors recruit a protein called β-arrestin2, which acts as a brake: it stops signaling and causes the receptor to be internalized, removing it from the cell surface to “reset” the system. Surprisingly, MRAP2 impairs this process. It hinders the recruitment of β-arrestin2, which in turn reduces the internalization of the receptor, so its ligands can bind to it in a much simpler way. The receiver on the front line. By preventing the receptor from entering the cell, MRAP2 allows MC4R to remain on the cell surface longer, ready to continue receiving signals. It’s like keeping a soldier on the front lines of battle instead of sending him to rest. In summary, MRAP2 acts as a “tuner” that modifies the MC4R receptor, biasing its function toward more potent and sustained G protein-mediated effects, while disabling its own braking system. The importance. Once this process has been understood, we move on to its importance in the clinic. The first thing that has been seen is that mutations in the MRAP2 gene are associated with cases of severe obesity in humans. This study provides for the first time the detailed molecular mechanism that explains why. Bottom line, if MRAP2 isn’t working properly, the MC4R “appetite keeper” doesn’t get that extra boost, becoming less efficient and contributing to an energy imbalance. These findings open a new avenue for drug development. Instead of looking for molecules that simply activate or deactivate MC4R, one could now think of therapies that modulate the interaction between MC4R and MRAP2. We could design treatments that mimic the effect of MRAP2 to enhance the satiety signal in people with obesity, offering a much more sophisticated approach tailored to the biology of our body. More drugs. Right now on the market we have different treatments that are focused on those people who have the most problems losing weight. We talk especially about GLP-1 agonists such as Ozempic or Mounjaro, which have given good results. But on the horizon we can see that they will not be alone and many others will arrive. Images | i yunmai Drew Hays In Xataka | Solving one of the great myths of losing weight: if “walking quickly” works by itself to lose weight

Thousands of people have been drinking apple vinegar for years before eating to lose weight. The fault has an erroneous study

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A couple of months ago, the last viral trend of social networks was taken on an empty stomach in the morning recently raised: the “morning sucks.” There were all kinds: apple vinegar, of grass Or even A tablespoon coconut oil. Everyone promises the same: flat bellies, express detox and accelerated metabolism. Under the appearance of natural remedy, the illusion of a quick solution was really sold. In particular, apple vinegar stands out as the biggest protagonist, since a study endorsed it, but it was a misinterpretation. The origin of the myth. We have always heard that phrase of “speaking people understand”, although quite simplistic it is that misunderstandings are the order of the day and in science they are usually given. To get to the origin of that study, the tracking takes you to a study published in BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health. This research became popular to ensure that apple vinegar helped lose weight. However, According to Sciencedailythat study has been retracted after detecting inconsistencies in data and serious errors in statistical analysis. In science, a retraction is an exceptional mechanism: it means recognizing that the results are not reliable and, therefore, that the study should no longer be cited as evidence. It is a guarantee of self -correction, but it is late when the finding has already traveled media and viral videos. The viralization of myth. The networks did the rest. Under hashtags like #guthealth or #morningritual, vinegar It settled In morning routines with other “shots” that promise express benefits: ginger, turmeric, teas detox. As we detail in Xatakathis phenomenon is understood in the framework of the culture of immediacy: we live at a time when rapid and visible results are sought. A morning drink fits perfectly with that promise of instant change. The problem is that neither vinegar nor any of these mixtures fulfill what they promise. And in some cases They can have adverse effects: Excessive consumption of fasting vinegar can irritate the stomach and esophagus, damage tooth enamel and cause digestive discomfort. More studies. Beyond the retracting study, there are research that has analyzed the effect of vinegar on metabolic health, although scientific evidence remains low. A systematic review, Posted in Pubmed Central in 2021evaluated clinical trials on this product. According to this work, vinegar can have modest effects on the reduction of blood glucose and total cholesterol. But the same review warns: there is no solid evidence that it causes clinically relevant weight losses. In other words: vinegar is not a burning, much less a magical solution to lose weight. The mirage of detox. The rise of these “morning shots” also relies on the language of the detox. However, experts Remember that Detoxification does not work like this: the body already has organs such as the liver and the kidneys that fulfill that function continuously. Chupitos do not “clean” the organism, but they do perpetuate the idea that there are miraculous shortcuts to compensate for excesses. An even greater paradigm. The history of apple vinegar is, in the background, a lesson on how health myths are built in the digital age. A study with methodological errors, amplified on social networks, became a global ritual. And although today we know that there was no evidence behind, the practice was already installed in millions of morning routines. The lesson is clear: easy solutions are rarely, and health is not built with shortcuts. Image | Freepik and Pexels Xataka | There are people taking a “sucking” apple vinegar in the morning. Science has an opinion about it

We already had an ozempic to lose weight, now someone has created one for the eternal youth: NAD+ promises

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Of the six -digit operations In elite operating rooms to luxury serums That they promise to erase wrinkles in minutes, the eternal youth industry has always played with the same idea: that somewhere there is a shortcut. But what if the secret was not in a cream or in a scalpel, but in a tiny molecule that lives in each of our cells? This is how NAD+is presented, the coenzyme that has gone from being a laboratory concept to become the new biohacking grail. The ozempic of being young. As happened with the GLP-1 drugs in The obsession with thinnessNAD+ has become the aspirational shortcut towards youth. Hollywood and the aesthetic elite have embraced him within the call “Invisible luxury”: undetectable results, continuous maintenance and therapies that combine apparatus with cosmetic biology. In that stew of mass access, supplements and “shots” of NAD+ they occupy the biohacking story. From Hollywood A Amazon. A couple of years ago, Hailey Bieber and Kendall Jenner They popularized Intravenous NAD+therapies, a format that Miami and Dubai clinics sell as an energy and anti -aging “booster”. But it is not just celebrity thing: a search is enough on Amazon to find NMN or NR capsules that promise to raise cell levels. The problem is that, As The New York Times has warnedthe scientific evidence that supports these habits is still weak. In addition, what appears on the label often does not match what is in the bottle. A study led by the gerontologist Andrea Maier detected deviations of up to 100% in the real content of supplements, regardless of brand or price. Shining the NAD+. Better known as Nicotinamide adenine Dinucleotide, is something like the spark that allows our cells to work. It is everywhere, from the muscles to the brain, and According to the University of Navarra Clinic Participate in such critical tasks as producing energy, repairing damaged DNA or activating syruches, proteins linked to aging. The problem is that, over the years, NAD+ levels plummete and begin to relate to memory loss, muscle weakness and an increase in the risk of diseases associated with age. Therefore, raising those levels by precursors such as NR or NMN can keep mitochondria and favor cell longevity. Initial essays, collected by the confidentialThey have documented improvements in memory, movement and metabolism. However, they are small studies and experts They agree that they are missing Essays to convert the promise into solid evidence. Experts ask for prudence. Enthusiasm coexists cautiously. According to the webmd medical portalnicotinamide is safe to 900 mg per day, but high doses can cause headaches, fatigue, gastrointestinal problems or enzymatic alterations. In the case of nicotinic acid, another form of related vitamin B3, can cause redness and decreases in voltage even in moderate doses. The University of Navarra Clinic Explain that Supplements can interact with medications that affect liver or coagulation, so it is recommended to use them only under medical supervision. In a more concrete way, they probably do not damage in moderate doses, but there is also no certainty that it is worth taking risks for something that still has no macros studies. A society in search of shortcuts. NAD+ fever fits into a broader cultural context: obsession with shortcuts against aging. Hollywood has gone from “Frozen faces” from Botox to the “Liquid surgery” And luxury invisible treatments, while the rest of society consumes supplements, Collagen powder and Digital filters as affordable substitutes. And perhaps that distance reveals something deeper: our obsession with shortcuts against the inevitable. The eternal youth industry blooms because we live terrified at the passage of time, as if aging were a failure that must be corrected. But old age is not an anomaly: it is the only certainty we share. Perhaps the real question is not how to avoid it, but why it costs us so much to accept it. Meanwhile, science continues to remember what it works –move, sleep well, Eat better– Although it never sounds as glamorous as a molecule that promises to stop the clock. Image | Pexels and Freepik Xataka | The elixir of eternal youth exists and we are seeing it in real time: luxury surgeons “at $ 100,000 the session

To build an “artificial sun” we need to be able to move the weight of ten elephants with millimeter precision. This is what China has just done

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In Chinese mythology, Kuafu was a giant who challenged the gods when trying to catch the sun to give light and heat to their people. Centuries later, China re -pursues that same ambition, but now with avant -garde science: to create a “Artificial sun” that provides clean and unlimited energy. And in that way, the engineers have just presented a new protagonist worthy of legend: a colossal robot. The arm for fusion. The Asian giant has developed a remote manipulation platform for future fusion reactors. It is a system with three robotic arms, whose main manipulator can raise up to 60 tons – the weight of ten African elephants – with a millimeter accuracy, According to South China Morning Post. Meanwhile, the two secondary arms stand out for even more extreme precision: ± 0.01 millimeters, which makes it the most advanced remote management system in the field of fusion. Closer to the “artificial sun.” The objective of this whole project is to achieve stable nuclear fusion, that almost inexhaustible energy that mimics the process that occurs in the sun’s core. In fact, China has been breaking records for years in its East experimental reactor, which this year has achieved Maintain a confined plasma for 1,066 seconds, a world record that exceeds 403 seconds Realized in 2023. But for this energy to become commercial, it is necessary to resolve a major challenge: maintenance. The internal components of a reactor, such as coating or the diving, are constantly damaged by heat, radiation and magnetic fields. And this is where this new robot comes into play: no human being could work in these extreme conditions. The in -depth project. The robot is part of the craft (Comprehensive Research Facity for Fusion Technology), an installation in Hefei, Anhui, nicknamed “Kuafu” in honor of the mythical giant. More than 300 scientists and engineers participate in this project, According to SCMPunder the supervision of the Institute of Plasma Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. “We have developed a machine capable of meeting extremely demanding requirements by overcoming obstacles in materials, sensors and control,” explained Pan HongtaoInstitute researcher. The idea is to use craft as a test bank to develop and validate key fusion technologies, including those that will be applied in the future Chinese experimental fusion reactor (CFETR) and in the International Iter project In France. Ready to go into action? For now, we are not talking about an operational robot in a reactor, but of an experimental platform. According to China Dailythe system has already exceeded the evaluation of experts and will serve as an engineering verification platform to ensure that, when reactors enter into operation, remote maintenance is safe and precise. Craft, where it is housed, plans to be completed in the late 2025. Beyond fusion. Although the immediate objective is to maintain fusion reactors, technology is not limited to that field. According to CGTNthe advances achieved in this robot could also be applied in inspection of nuclear plants, aerospace industry, operations with heavy machinery or even emergency rescues. A global career for the artificial sun. The Kuafu robot does not arise in a vacuum. Other countries also develop remote maintenance systems, although with much lower capabilities. The most advanced arm of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (Japan) supports only 2 tons. In contrast, the Chinese robot can manipulate 30 times higher loads. At the international level, the Iter project in France – in which 35 countries participate – will have a system Able to handle up to 45 tons. The new Chinese system already exceeds it in load capacity, although both remain development platforms rather than operating systems. The road map is clear but slow: Chinese experts They calculate that they are still 30 to 50 years to see commercial fusion reactors. And the European Union, with its Eurofusion projectdoes not expect to start testing with plasma until the end of this year. Forecasts The Chinese commitment to nuclear fusion advances with firm steps. The development of a robot capable of lifting 60 tons with surgical precision is not a simple engineering achievement: it is an essential piece for someday fusion reactors to maintain and function stable. Humanity He has been trying to replicate the energy of the sun on earth. With advances like this, China shows that it is determined to be the protagonist in that race. Decades may be missing to see fusion plants in operation, but every step we bring us a little more to that utopia to capture the sun. Image | Freepik Xataka | The largest nuclear fusion project on the planet has survived the setbacks. This is the date on which Iter should be ready

Chinese researchers believe they have discovered a simple “trick” to lose weight: eat raw vegetables

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For decades, scientists have discussed the effects of vegan and ovo -vegetarian diets on weight loss and heart disease prevention. Without much success, really. Not because The clues in favor have not accumulatedbut because something was missing. A common link, a thread that organized all that scientific evidence and gave meaning. In recent years, a team of doctors from the Qilu Hospital of the University of Shandong He thinks he found That piece that was missing. And it’s an important piece. Above all, because obesity is becoming The great epidemic of the 21st century. 1.9 billion overweight peoplesome 600 million people with obesity and up. Something that would not be a problem if it wasn’t because, like They wrote Yani Xu and his team in their research, “obesity and its associated complications not only lead to an increase in morbidity and mortality, but also to a reduction in quality of life.” Finding simple weight loss strategies goes beyond aesthetics or fashion: it is an investment in quality of life. But did not solve Ozempic? It is true that the arrival of Ozempic (and the rest of New agonist medications from LPG-1) has radically changed our way of seeing overweight: as Antonio Ortiz said, these medications are helping us understand that Metabolism and appetite are biological facts, not moral elections. Biological facts that, as we see, bring huge social consequences. Plan b. Therefore, although the “new ozempics” are being revolutionary, they are far from being the solution to all our problems. Not only is these very expensive medications (and obesity shows a clear correlation with greater rates of poverty and precariousness economic); They are not substitutes for healthier and more balanced habits. That’s where Yani Xu and his team enter. In search of lost evidence. Tracking in the previous bibliography, Chinese researchers found 24 studies that followed more than 2,000 people. They were quite quality studies (randomized clinical trials) and that has allowed them to conclude that there was a detail that showed very strong links with a lower risk of obesity and heart problems: raw vegetables. In fact, this is true even when they eliminated the effect of genetic factors from the equation. Something not too common and, therefore, very interesting. “The vegetarian diet is a viable option for people who wish to control their body weight and (prevent) metabolic diseases,” They explain. How is it possible? The researchers They shuffle some ideas: From its high content of phytosterols and fatty fats to its role in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. However, it is not too clear: we have a statistical explanation, but we still lack a mechanism of action. We may have solved one of the big problems when establishing a clear relationship between weight loss and veganism, but not at all. However, with the data that Let’s have on the tableit seems that the idea of ​​progressively increasing the weight of vegetables (and raw vegetables) seems like a positive strategy. More positive than we thought. Image | Elena Mozhvilo In Xataka | Ozempic to lose weight: its effects and risks beyond controversy, according to science *An earlier version of this article was published in September 2024

endure the weight of 96 trucks at the same time

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China is the ideal place for the most adventurous engineers. To the country’s taste for huge constructions (as turbines), an extremely complex orography is added that leads engineers to devise extreme solutions to connect the territories. Thus arise infarction tunnels, impossible roadshe longest maritime bridge in the world either gigantic dams. One of its regions, Guizhou, is one that needs a very specific infrastructure to not be isolated, and that is where the New higher bridge in the world. And the fire test before its inauguration has consisted of filling it with trucks. The bridge. A few years ago we talked about Lege bridge over the Beipan River as the highest in the world. It was at that time when 565 meters above the waters. But another bridge was needed on the same river, and the decision was made to build it in the Huajiang cannon. The challenge was capital, due to characteristics that the new bridge should have: Two towers of 265 and 205 meters at the ends. Cables of 9,000 tons each. A total length of 2,890 meters. The vain has a length of 1,420 meters. And what interests us: the road is 625 meters from the ground, reaching the end of the towers at 776 meters. Record time. To visualize the height, Two Eiffel Tower would enterone on the other, under the hanging section, but also supposes the longest hanging segment of the world built in a mountainous area. The works They started In 2021 and in January of this year it was reported that 75% of the project had been completed. The rhythm in recent months has been agile and we are at a point where the main works have been completed. In total, it is estimated that 439,000 m³ of concrete and 49,000 tons of steel have been used these four years. Fire test. And the most curious thing is how those responsible for the work have decided Test infrastructure before the opening scheduled by the end of September. They have used 96 trucks, as if it were a parade, which have been placed online throughout the hanging section for five days. In total, 3,000 tons that add to the rest of the tests that have been carried out in the structure, since many of these constructions in China are executed in areas prone to earthquakes, and the area where the bridge of the Gran Canyon of Huajiang is located is no stranger to earth trembling. In Guizhou, 329 earthquakes have been registered, at least, magnitude four during the last ten years, and that is why the bridge is equipped with sensors that monitor vibrations and structural variables in real time. It is not a whim. In the end, the loading test of that hundred trucks is a more news around the new largest bridge in the world, which is an achievement not only for its height, but for the extreme topographic challenge they have faced. HE esteem that has cost about 280 million dollars and, once open, will cross the canyon In just a couple of minutes when before it took more than an hour. Everything for connect rural areasthis being one of the government’s objectives to improve communications between all regions of the country and that is not only being carried out on land: also in the rivers. The end? Improve all communications to consolidate the ‘New Silk Route‘. Image | CCTV In Xataka | China is moving whole buildings at the same time to build underneath. Because? Because it can

The vision vision want to succeed where Apple’s vision failed. At the moment they do it in the most important: the weight

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The living Chinese manufacturer is anniversary, and to celebrate it has just presented in China a surprise and very promising product: its new mixed and augmented reality glasses, the LIVE VISION Discovery Edition. This launch involves the debut of this manufacturer in a category that will be encouraged a lot in the coming months, but makes it ahead of its competitors in the Android market, especially to the Google/Samsung Alliance. But it also does it with an argument of the most striking: the weight. More compact, lighter, more comfortable? Thus, we are facing glasses that are clearly inspired by the Vision Pro of Apple and that are very similar both externally and in their benefits, but that exceed them in that section notably. Thus, Apple’s glasses weigh between 600 and 650 grams depending on the band and adjustment pad, but These vision weigh 398 grams and are 26% more compact In dimensions “that the average of the industry”, say its creators, probably referring precisely to the Apple model. Live they say that these glasses are the result of four years of development and in their design they have taken into account comfort when wearing them for long sessions. Live have taken into account the pressure that the glasses exert in lasting sessions: no marks around the eyes after 30 minutes of use, their creators say. We already saw how the options of bands and adjustments of the Apple Vision Pro were not optimal – they had to get an optional to solve the complaints – and in fact after prolonged sessions it is normal to end a mark around the eyes due to the pressure exerted by the glasses on the face. That weight is really surprising, especially considering that for example, Apple’s vision are located at 600-650 g. With the vivid vision that problem seems to have disappeared and the manufacturer offers four light sealing sizes and eight padded options to try to guarantee maximum comfort in both long sessions and if we move with the glasses. The operating system that governs these glasses is Originos Vision, which offers an interface similar to the one we had already seen in the vision pro and on Android XR. Before us, a series of icons appear for which we can move thanks to the “millimeter precision ocular monitoring” (1.5º), as they point out. The ORIGINO VISION OPERATING SYSTEM INTERFACE is the one that both the Apple and Android XR vision. The gesture control system with the fingers also seems promising, and as Vivo allow 26 degrees of freedom in fingers, while the vertical monitoring range is 175º. The handling of glasses is therefore theoretically identical to that of Apple’s vision. The quality of the screens is also really promising, because it has Micro-Oled 8K dual screens with a 94% DCI-P3 coverage and a deltae chromatic precision

Less weight, more speed and augmented reality helmets

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China has seen during the essays of its great military parade a new combat car that breaks with the established. It appears to be lighter and mobility oriented. Mainly he has drawn attention for his aesthetics and for visible technological details in the disseminated photographs. American sources As Chinese identify him as ZTZ-201an “middle tank” that aims to combine advanced electronics, active defense and possible hybrid mobility. For now, what is known proceeds exclusively from indirect observation. The alleged ZTZ-201 has been photographed during the essays of the event that will be held on September 3 in Beijing, on the occasion of the 80th anniversary of the end of World War II. Its identification and technical characteristics, from weight to propulsion, come from Osint Fuentes. At the moment, it is a visible armored, not a formally presented system. What changes. Army Recognition points out That the most relevant is not the shape of the armor, but the category to which it points: an average tank with modular design, capable of assuming different configurations according to the operational environment. This flexibility, unusual in armored vehicles, suggests a change in the way of understanding the role of the combat car. Instead of designing a closed system for all scenarios, it is committed to a base platform that can adapt and evolve more quickly. A hybrid vehicle? Defense Blog adds other details. The vehicle would use a diesel-electric train of more than 1,500 horsepower of combined power. Beyond the speed, the relevant of this architecture would be its use in pure electrical mode for covert operations or silent displacements, especially in urban environments. This modality would reduce noise, thermal signature and fuel consumption in specific missions. Ambitious weapons system. We are facing a shielded that would bet on a new generation 105 mm caliber. The initial velocity of certain APFSD projectiles is estimated at 1,706 m/s, a figure that, in theoretical terms, could bring its energy closer to that of largest guns. However, this equivalence is only indicative: there are no public ballistic evidence that supports a real equivalence in penetration or terminal effects. One of the most significant aspects of the armor observed in the trials is its approach to electronic protection. Some images disseminated in Weibo and other networks show Perimeter sensors distributed in the chassis. These devices would probably be connected to an Active GL system, for which there are precedents In public tests of the G-6 intercepting ammunition released from drones. In the upper part there is also a remote weapons station that would be oriented to face aerial threats, including FPV drones. What to look at September 3. The military parade in Beijing could clear several unknowns. Among them, the official name of the vehicle, its technical file, the confirmation of the hybrid system and the armament used. It will also be relevant to know if some increased reality helmets are part of the operational equipment. The sensor configuration, the remote tower and the active defense could offer more clues if the armor occurs in detail. For now, everything indicates that it will be one of the main foci of the event. With or without formal presentation, what China has seen is already significant. The appearance of an average tank with modular architecture and perimeter sensors marks a possible inflection in the evolution of the battleship. In the absence of official data, everything indicates that the ZTZ-201 is not a simple technical exercise, but one more piece in the transformation of the Chinese army. Images | Weibo @恩宇- In Xataka | We have been reading rumors about amazing robotic prototypes in the war in Ukraine for years. Today we know they are real

To the big question of whether you can lose weight, science has an answer. And it has everything to do with genetics

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There are multiple reasons to walk, to try to approach that figure (rather symbolic) of the 10,000 daily steps. For many, keeping weight under control is one of the main reasons. In this sense, genetics plays an important role, since some people have greater predisposition to accumulate body mass. We have only a couple of decades learning what are the (diverse) genetic variants that are associated with our ease to increase our weight. Know them, however, the door has opened us To be able to design strategies that bring us closer to our goals When maintaining or reducing our weight, thus minimizing the effort to achieve them. Because each individual is a world and not all bodies react in the same way to certain diets or exercise regimes. This is a breeding ground for failure, since what for a person is a “miraculous” strategy to another can take it to a dead end. A study Published this year made a compilation of the different genetic variants identified to date linked to this ease to lose weight through diets and exercises. The team found 30 genetic markers linked to our body’s response to diets and 24 associated with the exercise. Because LAGENTICS is not an isolated factor: it is not our genes in themselves that make us fat. These are nothing more than a part of a complex system in which they interact with our diet and other life habits. More steps To understand these interactions, A study performed by the American Heart Association analyzed the degree to which walk could reduce the impact of genetics and sedentary life About our body mass index. The analysis, published in 2012, observed that the act of walking could, indeed, counteract our predisposition genetics to gain weight, in front of sedentary habits How to watch television whose effect was the opposite. To carry out the study, the team compiled information on more than 12,000 participants, including information on genetic variants (32 in total) associated with high body mass indices. They estimated that walking at least one hour a day could reduce people’s body mass by about 0.06 kg/m². A more recent study I deepened the matter. The analysis, published this year in the magazine Jama Networkit was raised if people with certain genetic predispositions linked to overweight required specific levels of exercise if they wanted to avoid reaching the limits established in body mass index for obesity. The study It was done With 3,124 adult participants and it was observed that, indeed, people with this genetic predisposition required to walk more in terms of steps given a day than people with less risk associated with their genes. According to the data obtained, people in the high risk of risk should walk about 2,280 more steps That people in the average percentiles, a total of 11,020 steps per day, if they wanted to equate their risk of obesity. Although, as a general rule, controlling our diet is a better tool to lose weight, exercise can help us in our attempts. Exercise is, for example, an ideal tool to avoid recovering the weight we have gained. But exercising is, above all, a way to stay healthy. Active life has very diverse positive impacts on our healthespecially in the field of cardiovascular health. In Xataka | Make cardio or train strength: for science there is no debate about what is the ideal year from 50 Image | Tamar Willoughby *An earlier version of this article was published in August 2024

Drinking a glass of water before eating is one of the most common “tricks” to lose weight. Science has something to say

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With the summer just around the corner, many people seek to lose weight quickly. We have seen it with challenges like Skinnytok, Shots of vinegar either Liquefied Céspes. In the midst of so many “miraculous solutions”, there is a advice that stands out for its simplicity: drinking a glass of water before each meal. It sounds very easy, but is it another myth détox or is there something true? A glass of water. At first glance, it looks like a quite simple premise. Drinking water before eating can “favor satiety” and help eat more conscious way, as the media have explained as Telva either Vogue. In theory, when occupying space in the stomach, water would reduce the feeling of hunger. But like He has warned Dr. Robert H. Shmerling, of Harvard’s Faculty of Medicine, in an article for Harvard Health Publishing, “human physiology rarely follows such simple rules.” Science behind. Dr. Shmerling He has evidenced That it was a premise “too pretty to be true.” In his article he has detailed that although drinking water before meals can generate a mild fullness of fullness – to activate the stomach mechanoreceptors – the effect is limited and passenger. In fact, as you have continued arguing, some studies support the idea in older peoplethere is even evidence that suggests that, within a hypocaloric diet, who drink water before meals can lose more weight in 12 weeks than those who do not. However, there is a nuance to take into account and that is that There is no robust evidence of long -term effects or in large populations. And other associated theories –Like cold water burns calories by thermogenesis– They have been denied in recent studies. Where there is consensus. The point is not in so much to drink extra water, but in what is stopped. Changing soft drinks, energy drinks or alcohol for water can have a real effect on weight loss. According to May Clinicthat simple gesture reduces the total consumption of calories without conscious effort. In addition, staying well hydrated improves physical performance, exercise resistance and recovery. Not because water “weights”, but because it helps sustain a more active and healthy lifestyle. The shortcut culture. The popularity of tricks like this also responds to a social need: to find fast, simple and effortless solutions to a complex problem such as weight control. In a society obsessed with thinness – especially among young women – they proliferate The calls Life Hacks that promise immediate results. As He already explained for Xataka The psychologist specialized in TCA, Sara Bolo, the worrying thing is that many of these tips end in apparently “healthy” behaviors, but hide eating disorders. It is simply water. In a context where “fast tricks” abound, it is advisable to remember that, as Dr. Shmerling has summarized: “If you think it works for you, there is no damage. Remember that no glass of water replaces a balanced diet.” Image | Unspash Xataka | Nostalgia for the 2000s has brought something else: the obsession with flat belly and radical thinness

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