revealed

written by letter, printed and with our personal data revealed

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For years we have learned to look with suspicion at the email that promises an unexpected refund, the SMS that asks us to update an account or the WhatsApp message that arrives too urgently. He phishing It has been recorded in us as something digital, glued to a screen, to a suspicious link or to a website that tries to look like that of our bank. But that image is falling short. The same logic of deception too can cross the door of the house inside an envelopeprinted on paper and with the appearance of an official communication. The difference is not so much in the mechanism as in the context. Instead of waiting for us to click a link from our mobile phone, the attacker tries to take advantage of the trust we still place in certain physical communications. And, precisely, therein lies the risk. Paper can give a feeling of legitimacy that a suspicious email no longer always achieves, although the substance is the same as always: impersonating someone to push us to deliver information that we should not share. Paper phishing: the old hoax has found another mailbox A recent example Inés Zuriaga del Castillo shared it on LinkedInwho said he had received a physical letter at his home supposedly sent by Ledgerthe company known for its hardware wallets, physical devices for storing cryptoasset keys. According to its publication, the envelope included paper, an official-looking letterhead and an instruction to scan a QR with the supposed objective of updating the device and sending the recovery phrase. That last point is the most obvious red flag: the recovery phrase should never be shared. On the left, the case of a false letter sent in Ledger’s name. On the right, a fraudulent communication detected by Social Security. Ledger has also warned of such attempts on its support page. The company describes a letter that presents itself as a “security check” notice and asks the user to scan a QR to enter their secret recovery phrase, supposedly to avoid security problems or interruptions in service. The company’s recommendation is clear: do not scan those codes, do not visit those links and never share the 24 recovery words. It is not a minor detail. With that phrase, an attacker can take control of the wallet and move the associated funds. The case is not limited to the world of cryptocurrencies. Social Security has detected In Spain, a campaign of fraudulent letters aimed at beneficiaries of benefits and pensions, requesting personal documentation such as ID or a photo of the bank statement. The pretext, according to the organization, is that data would have been lost due to an alleged computer attack and that this information would be necessary to deposit an amount into the pensioner’s account after an increase in the benefit. The entity remembers that it will never request the sending of information or documentation by email, a sufficient clue to distrust this type of communications. The two examples target different audiences, but share the same architecture. In the case of Ledger, the lure revolves around a wallet and a recovery phrase that should never leave the user’s control. In Social Security, the pressure is supported by a benefit, a pension and the promise of a pending income. They change the language, the impersonated entity and the type of data they are trying to obtain, but the underlying maneuver is identical: construct a communication that is credible enough for the victim to act before checking. In the case of Ledger, the lure revolves around a wallet and a recovery phrase that should never leave the user’s control. The question that remains floating is difficult to avoid: how does a letter like this arrive at a specific address. The truth is that personal data can end up exposed due to breaches in companies, suppliers or administrations, even if the user has done their part reasonably well: use strong passwords, activate two-step verification or be wary of suspicious messages. Without going any further, the AEPD reported that in 2025 he received 2,765 notifications of personal data breachesand noted that those that affected the largest number of people were related to ransomware and intrusions that led to the exfiltration of large volumes of information. From there another piece of the wheel comes in: the stolen data is not always used only once nor does it remain in the hands of whoever obtained it first. As we already said in Xataka, documents such as a Spanish DNI could be found in illegal Internet markets for about 15 euros. This data does not explain the origin of the specific letters that we have seen, but it does help to understand something important: when personal information begins to circulate out of control, it can be reused in different frauds, with different formats and at times very far from the original breach. There is a simple rule that works for both digital phishing and paper phishing: the more a communication pushes us to act quickly, the slower we should go. A letter requesting sensitive data should set off alarm bells. We should not scan the QR out of inertia, we should not scan the email it proposes and we would not call the phone number that appears as the only means of contact. What is recommended? First check on our ownon the official website or on public channels of the entity. It’s less comfortable, yes, but it’s also exactly what breaks the trap. In the end, the format is almost the least important thing. It can be an email, an SMS, a WhatsApp message or a letter on letterhead. What changes is the scenario, not the intention: making us trust enough to deliver something that can later turn against us. That is why these types of cases are useful, even when we do not know all the details of their origin. They remind us that security does not begin when we detect a fake website, but one … Read more

From printing drones to looking at lasers. 300 reports have revealed that Iran’s battle manual has one name: Ukraine

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Barely a year after the Russian invasion of Ukraine, groups of volunteers began to assemble drones fighting in improvised workshops using parts purchased online and open manuals, managing to put operating systems on the air in a matter of days. The scene, closer to a technological garage than a military factory, reflected the extent to which modern warfare was about to change without making almost noise. Ukraine as a war manual. I told it a few hours ago in exclusive to the Financial Times. The war in Ukraine has become a central reference for Iranian military thinking, to the point that much of its current doctrine is being built on what is happening there. That has now been known through more than 300 reports prepared in military centers that analyze everything from industrial production in conflict to tactical adaptation in the face of a superior enemy. This effort is not theoretical, but applied: there is great number of manualstraining and planning that have been updated to incorporate direct lessons from the battlefield in a process that reveals a clear idea, that the future of war is already written in Ukraine and that, possibly, those who do not study it will be late. From cheap drones to doctrine. One of the most decisive learnings we have been counting these years: the role of low cost dronescapable of changing the balance of forces with a completely different logic from the traditional one, where volume and price weigh as much as precision. Iran has understood that cheap systems, produced even with commercial components and accessible techniques such as 3D printing, can overwhelm advanced defenses and exploit structural weaknesses of technologically superior armies, replicating a model that has already proven effective in both Ukraine and in their own confrontations recent. The problem of the West. Not only that. The expansion of these drones has exposed a critical gap in Western defenses, designed to intercept expensive and sophisticated threatsbut not massive waves of cheap systems, which has generated an obvious economic imbalance. While a drone can cost tens of thousands of dollars, intercepting it is the opposite and can involve missiles in the equation. extremely more expensivecreating financial and logistical wear and tear that has already become visible in recent conflicts, where spending skyrockets and arsenals begin to become dangerously strained. Beyond the present: AI and emerging weapons. Featured in an interactive special The New York Times that, however, Iranian learning has not stopped in the immediate present, but rather projects the conflict into the future, incorporating into its planning technologies such as artificial intelligence, cyber warfare or even emerging systems such as directed energy weapons. The own internal analysis They point to the need to integrate these advances in decision making, weapons guidance and combat management, in a transition that seeks not only to adapt, but to anticipate the next phase of the technological conflict. An evolving doctrine. There is no doubt, this change is also doctrinal, with a commitment to more units agile, decentralized and capable to operate with greater autonomy, inspired by the way in which Ukraine has managed to resist and adapt to a more powerful adversary such as Russia. If you like, what the combination of operational flexibility and accessible technology is doing is redefining the concept of superiority military, moving it away from large platforms and towards distributed and resilient systems that can evolve quickly, and there the massive use of FPV drones appears with its own name. From Ukraine to Iran. Ultimately, all of this results in a profound transformation in the way in which Iran conceives warone where Ukraine acts as a real reference manual of battle that guides from the manufacture of cheap drones to the ambition of integrating artificial intelligence and more advanced systems such as lasers. From that perspective, it is not just about copying each Ukrainian step, but about adapting, scaling and combining solutions to build our own strategy that turns kyiv’s experience into future advantage, in a scenario where we are already seeing that rapid innovation and low cost can outweigh the most sophisticated technology from the United States. Image | RawPixelWild Hornets In Xataka | China was the power that launched drones. Now he has realized his danger with a decision: close the sky to them In Xataka | While everyone was looking at the Middle East, North Korea has had time to do what Iran has not been able to: go nuclear.

We sensed that Iran bombed US military bases with help. Some coordinates have revealed its name, and it is Made in China

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During the Gulf War, a group of Iraqi soldiers were located in the middle of the desert not by ground patrols, but by images taken from satellites that detected recent vehicle tracks in the sand. That episode marked one of the first moments in which looking from space began to be so decisive how to shoot from the ground. A satellite as an invisible weapon. A series of leaked documents held by the Financial Times have revealed that Iran not only had missiles and drones to attack US bases, but also a much quieter and decisive tool: an observation satellite capable of provide precise coordinates before and after each blow. The system, known like TEE-01Bwas acquired by the Aerospace Force of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps in late 2024, after its launch from China, and allowed Iranian commanders to monitor key installations throughout the region, identify targets with a level of detail unprecedented for the country and evaluate the impact of their attacks in almost real time. In other words, what seemed like a direct fire war actually hid a previous layer of orbital intelligence which multiplied the effectiveness of each operation. A secret agreement. The middle counted in its exclusive that behind this capacity is a little visible but strategic agreement with Chinese actors, one that not only facilitated access to the satellite already in orbit, but also to the infrastructure necessary to operate it from any point in the world. This model, based on the “in orbit” transfer and in networks of globally distributed ground stations (a little-known export model by which spacecraft launched in China are transferred to customers abroad once they reach orbit), allowed Iran to overcome one of its main weaknesses: the vulnerability of its own facilities to attack. By outsourcing control and data flow, Tehran turned a commercial asset on a military tool difficult to neutralize. Satellite image of the Prince Sultan Air Base From limited precision to a qualitative leap. The technical impact of this jump is key to understanding its importance. Compared to its previous systems, incapable of clearly identifying complex targets, the new satellite offered high resolution images (the TEE-01B is capable of capturing images with a resolution of approximately half a meter) that allowed aircraft, vehicles and changes in military infrastructure to be distinguished. This transformed Iranian attack planning from general estimates to data-driven decisions, and consolidated a combination of human intelligence, satellite imagery, and external support that significantly elevated Iran’s operational capabilities. Attack on the bases. Among the records they obtained showed that the satellite captured images from Prince Sultan Air Base in Saudi Arabia on March 13, 14 and 15. On March 14, Donald Trump confirmed that American planes at the base had been hit. Five US Air Force refueling aircraft were damaged. The satellite also carried out surveillance of the Muwaffaq Salti Air Base in Jordan and from locations near the naval base of the Fifth Fleet of the United States in Manama, Bahrain, and the airport in Erbil, Iraq, around the date of the attacks claimed by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard against facilities in those areas. Launch of TEE-01B And more bases. Other areas monitored by the satellite included Camp Buehring and Ali Al Salem Air Base in Kuwait, the US military base Camp Lemonnier in Djibouti and Duqm International Airport in Oman. Also included in the Persian Gulf civil infrastructure monitored was the Khor Fakkan container port and the Qidfa desalination and power plant in the United Arab Emirates, as well as the Alba plant in Bahrain, one of the largest aluminum smelters in the world. Decades of relationship that explain the present. In parallel to FT reportthe New York Times published this morning one piece where he explains that these types of advances are not an isolated event, but rather the result of a relationship built over decades between Iran and China in the military and technological field. Since the 1980s, when Beijing supplied weapons directly, to recent decades, when it has opted for more discreet support based on components, dual technology and knowledge transfer, cooperation has evolved. to adapt to sanctions and regional balances. In that process, China has gone from selling weapons to facilitating capabilities that allow Iran to develop and improve its own without openly exposing itself. Strategic ambiguity as a tool. One of the most relevant elements of this relationship has been its ambiguous characterwhere the border between civil and military is constantly blurred. Commercial companies, seemingly neutral technologies and systems designed for civilian uses end up being integrated into military structures, offering China a way to influence without assuming directly the political cost of explicit support. This approach allows for simultaneous relations with Iran’s regional rivals while strengthening its strategic capabilities. A new type of war. In short, the end result is a scenario in which the battlefield no longer begins on land, but miles away from herin orbit, where information has become the most decisive factor and actor. The combination of satellites, global networks and discreet agreements It redefines that way of waging war, allowing actors with fewer resources to compensate for their limitations through access to advanced technology. In that context, the history of the TEE-01B It is not just that of a satellite, but how a network of cooperation and decades of technological evolution can completely transform the way an attack is planned and executed. Image | US Navy, Planet Labs In Xataka | The US already has the first response to its blockade of Hormuz: a boomerang of unpredictable consequences called China In Xataka | The US has closed all exits from the Strait of Hormuz. And now Iran can put into practice what it has been preparing for 25 years

Japan has once again asked its citizens what they hate most about tourists. The answers have revealed them again

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In Japan, millions of people travel every day on one of the most punctual railway networks in the world, where delays of just seconds can generate public apologies. During rush hours, some urban trains exceed levels 180% occupancyforcing every gesture inside the car to be optimized. In such an environment, even the smallest details can make a difference. One country and the same question. Japan has repeated a social experiment that we counted a year ago and that says much more than it seems: ask its citizens what bothers them most about tourists. As we said, it is not the first time he has done it and, in fact, the previous year he had already put the focus on trains as one of the spaces where the most friction is generated between locals and visitors. Therefore, one could say that repetition is not coincidental, but rather a way of measuring whether culture shock changes over time or, on the contrary, remains stable. And what happened a year later it’s revealing: The responses have evolved in nuances, but they have once again pointed out the same underlying problem. Noise as a symptom, not as a problem. If there is one fact that stands out in the new survey, it is that almost seven out of every ten respondents place the noisy conversations and disorderly behavior as the biggest nuisance caused by tourists. It is not just a question of volume, but of context: the train in Japan functions as an almost silent space, where speaking loudly or behaving expansively breaks an unwritten social norm. This same element already appeared in the previous surveyalthough now it is consolidated much more strongly (69.1% of respondents) as the main point of friction. More than a change, it is a confirmation that the culture clash continues to revolve around the same idea: the difference between more expressive cultures and a society that values ​​extreme discretion. From trains to general behavior. Comparing both years, it is surprising how little the catalog of annoyances. Poorly placed luggage, the way of sitting invading space, strong odors or blocking the doors were already present before and continue to appear now with high percentages. This suggests that these are not isolated incidents, but rather repeated patterns that locals easily identify in visitors. Even seemingly minor issues, such as do not move away when opening the doors or not respecting the logic of the flow inside the car, reinforce the idea that the problem is not punctual, but structural. Japan is not discovering new annoyances, it is confirming the same ones. The big difference: what Japan does not blame on tourists. However, there is an interesting nuance that marks a distance from the previous year and that adds depth to the comparison. When general inconveniences are analyzed (that is, those caused by all passengers), elements appear that are not attributed to tourists, how to travel drunk or certain uses of the mobile phone. In the new survey, coughing or sneezing inconsiderately It becomes the main annoyance among locals, something that does not lead the list of tourists. If you will, this introduces an interesting reading: Japan is not pointing out that visitors are responsible for everything, but clearly differentiating between its own problems and those of others. That distinction was already implicit before, but now it appears much more defined. Giving themselves away. In the end, and like last yearthe most striking thing is not what the tourists do, but rather what they reveals Japan about itself when repeating the survey. A year later, the responses once again revolve around respect for personal space, silence and collective order, fundamental pillars of their daily culture. The differences between both surveys are smaller than the similarities, which indicates that the problem is not changing because the root It is cultural and deep. Japan is not discovering new discomforts, it is confirming that its way of understanding public space continues to clash with that of those who come from outside. And by doing so two years in a row, it has made it clear that the question is no longer what tourists do wrong, but to what extent this model of coexistence can adapt to an increasingly global world. Image | tokyoform In Xataka | In 1979, Japan rediscovered a species of rabbit on one of its islands. He then perpetrated an environmental disaster In Xataka | Japan has dozens of “forgotten” islands off the coast of China: it is now preparing for the worst scenario

A study has revealed the key to getting your emails answered: give the "thanks in advance"

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It has all happened to us at some point: you write an important email, you send it and the only response you get is absolute silence. You review the text, the subject, the recipient, and everything seems correct. According to science, the problem with that email may be in the last two words that close the body of the email, that space that the majority fills in as a formality with a “regards” or “sincerely”, without devoting a second of reflection to it. how it should be worded an email so that don’t fall into oblivion. A study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychologyanalyzed hundreds of thousands of email conversations and came to conclusions strong enough to reconsider a habit that almost no one questions, but improves the chances of receiving a response. The experiment that changed everything. In 2017, Boomerang examined over 350,000 email threads extracted from mailing list archives of over twenty different online communities. The goal was to determine whether the way one says goodbye at the end of an email has any real effect on the probability of get responsesomething that until then no one had measured on that scale. The study of these data returned a resounding yes. Closings with expressions of gratitude obtained notably higher response rates than the rest of the usual formalisms, with a difference that can exceed fourteen percentage points compared to the more neutral farewell formulas. The average response rate for all the emails analyzed was 47.5%, a reference figure that allows the real impact of each type of closure to be measured. In Xataka Change Gmail or Outlook for a European alternative: step to follow and what you should take into account The formula that prevails over all others. Among all the closings studied, the farewell with a “thank you in advance” turned out to be the most effective formula, with a response rate of 65.7%. This was followed by a brief “thank you” with 63% and “thank you very much” with 57.9%. At the opposite extreme, closer farewell formulas such as “kind regards” (53.9%), “regards” (53.5%) or “regards” (52.9%) were well below. On the other hand, the “best” formula, the Anglo-Saxon equivalent of “the best”, recorded the worst data of all those analyzed, with 51.2%. The logic behind the most successful terms is simple: writing “thank you in advance” thanks the recipient in advance for a response that has not yet occurred, which creates an implicit expectation of commitment that the recipient tends to fulfill. It’s not a fancy psychological trick, but rather a signal of advance politeness that, according to the data, serves as a consistent and measurable hook. In Xataka The key to being more productive is not doing more things: it is identifying where you are wasting your time The science that explains the phenomenon. The results published by Boomerang match the investigations previous studies conducted by behavioral psychologists Adam M. Grant (Wharton School) and Francesca Gino (Harvard Business School). Their study showed that the expressions of gratitude They directly motivate prosocial behavior, that is, people’s willingness to help. University students who participated in that experiment who received a message with an expression of gratitude closing the email were twice as likely to offer their help as those who received the same message without it. The researchers concluded that the key mechanism is not the recipient’s self-esteem or emotional state, but rather the feeling of feeling socially valued. Apparently, those two formulas that seemed like mere courtesy, activate that spring. {“videoId”:”x86bhjh”,”autoplay”:false,”title”:”17 TRICKS and FUNCTIONS WITH GMAIL GET THE MOST OF YOUR ACCOUNT”, “tag”:””, “duration”:”593″} The numbers that justify the change. When Boomerang directly compared the emails with these thank-you closings to the rest, the difference was even clearer. Messages with some variant of thanks at the end achieved a response rate of 62%, compared to the 46% average offered by emails that did not include it, which represents a relative increase of 36% in the average response rate. It is worth keeping in mind, however, that the analysis itself warns of its limitations and conditions. The sample comes mainly from communities linked to open source software and academic environments, so it may not reflect all professional or social contexts. Even so, the fact that these closures generated a greater tendency to respond confirms that the choice of the appropriate closure is not a minor detail, but a variable. with proven weight. In Xataka | European alternatives to Gmail and Outlook: the best email providers made in Europe Image | Unsplash (Stephen Phillips) (function() { window._JS_MODULES = window._JS_MODULES || {}; var headElement = document.getElementsByTagName(‘head’)(0); if (_JS_MODULES.instagram) { var instagramScript = document.createElement(‘script’); instagramScript.src=”https://platform.instagram.com/en_US/embeds.js”; instagramScript.async = true; instagramScript.defer = true; headElement.appendChild(instagramScript); – The news A study has revealed the key to getting your emails answered: saying “thank you in advance” was originally published in Xataka by Ruben Andres .

A rural community lived isolated in caves for 500 years in Burgos. Their DNA revealed a dark history of inbreeding and smallpox

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In the year 711, an Umayyad army crossed the Strait of Gibraltar and put an end to the Visigoth kingdom in less than a generation, starting a great upheaval in the Iberian Peninsula with many changes. Kingdoms that were born and died, power struggles and great mobility that began to shape the foundations of modern Europe. However, north of Burgos, a small group of people seemed to know absolutely nothing. Where. The rural site of Las Gobasin northern Spain, offers a vision of life far from those centers of power. One of the most outstanding medieval rock communities on the peninsula, located in the county of Treviño, near the town of Laño. Here the inhabitants dug churches, homes and graves directly into the limestone, where they began to live and die there for five centuries. And now we know that they did it with their backs to the world. How do we know? At the moment we do not have any time machine to see what happened in the past, but a scientific study revealed the secrets of this enigmatic Iberian community. Here the archaeological excavations in the cemetery They discovered the remains of 41 individuals from whom an attempt was made to extract their DNA. In this case they used all the tools available to reconstruct who they were, how they were related and what diseases they carried. What we knew is that the settlement existed from the mid-6th century to the 11th century and Las Gobas had a cemetery that was used continuously from the 7th to the 11th century. But the surprising thing is that it seemed like they were always the same people. Marry each other. The most striking finding of the study does not have to do with any virus or any fractured skull, but rather that approximately 61% of the individuals with sufficient genomic data showed signs of consanguinity, so this population was quite likely to practice inbreeding. And it was not something slight, since in some cases the researchers saw that there were marriages between siblings or even between parents and children. In this way, the only source of genetic variability that could be had in this population was only the women who arrived from abroad to marry. Although the truth is something quite scarce. There was no peace. It may be thought that isolation guarantees absolute peace in the population, but the first centuries of occupation were marked by brutality. The study of the bones in this case has found clear evidence that there was interpersonal violence, including serious bone injuries consistent with direct sword impacts. An invisible enemy. If swords weren’t enough in this case, the 10th century brought with it a lethal, microscopic threat. The metagenomic analyzes carried out have made it possible to detect pathogens and zoonotic diseases, identifying traces of smallpox. Although what is fascinating about this discovery is not only that We are facing the oldest documented evidence of smallpox in southern Europe, but where it came from. Although the south of the peninsula was a commercial hotbed dominated by the Islamic world, smallpox did not reach the south from the Gobas. But the truth is that its genetic signature is similar to the Nordic and European strains of the time. How did it arrive? That a disease from the Vikings or one that was present in Central Europe reached some isolated caves in Burgos is no coincidence. Here the researchers pointed to the nascent European pilgrimage routes, specifically to the first steps of the Camino de Santiago, as the entry route for the pathogen. And although the inhabitants of Las Gobas avoided mixing with their neighbors to the south, the incipient religious and commercial traffic from the north ended up breaking, at least on an epidemiological level, their isolation bubble. Images | Wikipedia Trevino County In Xataka | After 114 years, a scan of the Titanic shows a key fact about its crew: the bravery with which they fought until the end

Satellite images have revealed the location of Russia’s largest warship, and that means Ukraine can see it too

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During the Second World War there was a announcement to sailors of future conflicts: some of the largest ships ever built were destroyed without having barely entered combat, becoming symbols of how vulnerable even the most advanced weaponry can be. Decades later, with the advent of commercial satellites and precision weapons, that exposure is even greater. Few doubts from space. The latest images satellites show a reality that is difficult to ignore: Russia is about to complete his largest warship in the Black Sea. The superstructure is practically complete, the flight deck is now fully identifiable and the work is advancing towards its final phase with key elements almost ready. However, this same monitoring from space also reveals the another side of the projectsince the ship remains motionless in a shipyard located within the reach of the ukrainian attack systemsmaking each advancement a race against time where finishing it is only half the challenge. Global ambition. He Ivan Rogov represents much more than a new ship for the Russian fleet, since it is conceived as a projection platform of force capable of operating far from its coasts and sustaining complex operations. With the capacity to transport hundreds of marines, military vehicles and an air wing of attack and transport helicopters, the ship fits into the category of large amphibious ships used by Western powers. Its size, greater than 200 meters, would make it in the greatest asset of the Russian fleet in the Black Sea, which reinforces its not only military, but also symbolic value within Moscow’s strategy. Born from failure. The existence by Ivan Rogov is directly linked to an earlier strategic setback, when Russia attempted to acquire Mistral-class amphibious ships from France and the deal was canceled after the annexation of Crimea in 2014. From then on, Moscow was forced to develop your own designgiving rise to project 23900which combines its own technology with knowledge partially acquired during that failed contract. This context explains why the ship has a special weight within Russian military planning, since it symbolizes both the need for industrial autonomy and the ability to move forward despite sanctions and technological limitations. Protected, but not untouchable. The ship is being built in the Zaliv shipyardin Crimea, a facility that Russia has reinforced with multiple layers of protection to reduce the risk of attacks. Physical barriers, networks against naval drones and security measures have been deployed at the access to the dam, in addition to indirectly benefiting from the air defense that protects nearby strategic infrastructures such as the Kerch bridge. However, these measures do not guarantee invulnerability, since Ukraine has shown repeatedly its ability to attack targets in depth and degrade defensive systems, keeping the shipyard within a risk zone constant. Investment under threat. Russia has maintained the project despite economic difficulties, sanctions and pressure derived from the war, which implies a huge investment of around of 1,200 million of dollars and a sustained commitment of industrial resources. This effort reflects the strategic importance that Moscow attributes to the ship, but also increases the associated risk, since the loss of the Ivan Rogov would mean not only a military setback, but also a economic and reputational blow significant. In other words, the project has become a high-risk bet for Russia where success or failure will have an impact that goes beyond the ship itself. The real change. Beyond of the specific destination of the warship, what the case reveals is a deeper change in the nature of modern warfare, one where the military industry ceases to be a safe space in the rear and becomes on a direct target. In that sense, Ukraine does not need to confront an entire fleet to weaken Russia, but can instead focus at critical points such as shipyards, energy infrastructure or supply chains, affecting production capacity before systems even enter combat. In short, the displacement of the conflict towards the industrial base alters traditional rules and demonstrates that, in the current context, a weapon can be destroyed long before it has the opportunity to be used. Image | x In Xataka | With the arrival of good weather in Ukraine, Russia thought it was a good idea to bring out its hidden tanks. It wasn’t at all In Xataka | An exoskeleton worthy of ‘Alien’ or ‘Death Stranding’: the war in Ukraine is bringing the future sooner than expected

The dramatic retreat of a glacier in the Arctic has just revealed a spectacular “graveyard” of prehistoric whales

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The Arctic is is melting at a dizzying rateas we have repeated on many occasions, and in doing so, it is giving us back time capsules that had been under the ice for millennia. The last of these findings seems to be taken from a fiction novel, since it has revealed an authentic prehistoric cemetery of whales that has come to light after the fracture of a glacier in less than two decades. How it looked. This is where the expedition of the Arctic and Antarctic Institute of Russia (AARI) intervenes, which had as its original objective the study of permafrost in the region. However, upon arriving at the area, the researchers found a big surprise. As detailed by the researcher himself Nikita Demidov, satellite images and measurements on site confirmed that a large local glacier had split dramatically in a period of less than 20 years. And this fracture exposed a marine terrace hidden under the ice, revealing an unusual concentration of whale skeletons. And the best thing is that, thanks to being buried under the ice, have been preserved in an exceptional way. What were they doing there? In reality, the presence of this “cemetery” is not a coincidence, but experts point out that these remains are the key to understanding extreme paleographic events. Specifically, they indicate the existence of very rapid changes in sea level that occurred thousands of years ago. And the truth is that behind this there is a large amount of bibliography. A study published in 1995 already analyzed the postglacial emergence in the western area of ​​Franz Josef Land, using radiocarbon dating dating back to 10,400 years ago. The warm-up. The rapid decline observed by Demidov fits perfectly with recent scientific literature, since a study published this same 2025 in it Journal of Glaciology on the balance of glacier masses in the archipelago between 1991 and 2022 empirically confirms the acceleration of melting linked to climate change. You have to wait. Despite the spectacular nature of the images and the dissemination of the news through the Russian Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, the scientific community calls for caution. Currently, the origin of the data is an institutional statement from AARI itself and if we search scientific databases, there is no academic article that has been reviewed that specifically details this finding. And the next step for Demidov and his team will be to analyze the remains in the laboratory, date the bones precisely and publish their conclusions so that the international scientific community can evaluate them. Until then, the whale cemetery on Wilczek Island remains a monumental and silent witness to the abrupt changes of the Earth; both those that occurred millennia ago, and those that we are causing today. Images | Pascale Amez In Xataka | In the remote Svalbard archipelago there is something that confuses and fascinates scientists in equal measure: a glacier that “beats”

The emptied rural Spain has been revealed as the great energy engine of the State

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Spain is a State full of contrasts. At a demographic level, the population density is concentrated in Madrid and coastal cities, that is, 30% of the territory concentrates 90% of the people. It is “tight Spain.” The rest, approximately five million people, occupy 70% of the territory, in the interior of the peninsula. More people consume more resources, which puts two realities on the table: Madrid consumes more and generates less energy than anyone else and that emptied Spain is the energy engine of the State, as the report summarizes “The energy transition in the Spanish rural environment” prepared by Monitor Deloitte. The most striking fact: 84% of renewable energy generation comes from rural environments. Context. In the collective imagination we associate energy production with large nuclear or fossil fuel installations, but nothing is further from current reality. Spain is carrying out an energy transition collected in the National Integrated Energy and Climate Plan with the objective of reaching 81% electricity generation from renewables. And it’s on the right track: the report of the Spanish Electrical System of Red Eléctrica for 2023 It showed that it had already exceeded the 50% quota. At specific moments, has reached 100% supply. Listing renewable sources by their importance, we find wind energy prominently, followed by photovoltaic and hydraulic energy. Where. In rural territory, in that sparsely populated place where natural resources and space abound. The report highlights regions such as Castilla-La Mancha, Castilla y León and Aragón as hubs precisely because of their availability of soil and climatic resources (radiation and wind). Why is it important. Because the State needs that emptied Spain and its resources to successfully carry out its energy transition. Without that territory or its available resources, there is no decarbonization or energy sovereignty. Obviously a paradox occurs: that the most populated places are those that produce the least energy and vice versa, which generates a territorial imbalance. However, this deployment of infrastructure can become an opportunity to promote local employment and thus establish the population. Finally, agrivoltaics is revealed as a way to modernize the agricultural sector, making it possible to make cultivation for food compatible with energy supply, all on the same soil. In figures. In addition to this substantial share of 84% of renewable energy from rural areas, the report reveals other interesting figures: There are 15 provinces with critical population density (

Iran has spent decades excavating its “missile cities.” Satellite images have just revealed that they are a death trap

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For years, Iran has shown the world tunnel videos endless tunnels dug under mountains, with military trucks circulating between missiles lined up as if they were cars in an underground subway. It was understood that many of these facilities extend kilometers underground and are part of one of the military fortification programs. most ambitious in the Middle East. What almost no one knew until now is to what extent this gigantic hidden labyrinth could become a key piece of the current conflict. The cities, but with missiles. Yes, for decades, Iran has excavated an extensive underground base network known as “missile cities”, complexes hidden under mountains and hills intended to protect its enormous ballistic arsenal against air attacks and guarantee the regime’s retaliation capacity even in the event of open war. There are numerous videos Officials released in recent years where we could see long tunnels illuminated by artificial lights, windowless corridors and convoys of trucks loaded with missiles ready to move to the surface, an entire military architecture designed to hide thousands of short and medium range projectiles away from spy satellites and enemy bombers. Some installations even incorporate silos dug into the rock or mechanical systems on rails to move missiles within underground galleries, a perfectly assembled choreography reflecting a strategic project conceived to ensure arsenal survival Iranian in a protracted conflict. The images that reveal the paradox. However, the war has begun to show the unexpected reverse of that strategy. Recent images from space have revealed Smoldering remains of destroyed launchers and missiles near the entrances to several underground complexes, a sign that systems hidden underground are becoming extremely vulnerable at the moment when they must go outside to shoot. It makes sense. American and Israeli surveillance planes, armed drones and fighters They patrol constantly over the areas where these facilities are located, observing the entrances to the tunnels and attacking the launchers as soon as they appear on nearby roads or canyons. In other words, what for years was a system designed to hide mobile weapons It thus becomes a relatively predictable pattern: tunnel entrances, exit roads and deployment areas that can be monitored from the air and destroyed as soon as activity is detected. From strategic refuge to death trap. They remembered in the wall street journal A few hours ago this change has revealed a structural problem in the very concept of missile cities. Underground complexes are very difficult to destroy from the air, but they are also fixed installations whose location is known by Western intelligence services. In practice, this means that much of the arsenal remains stored in specific places while enemy planes continually fly over the airspace, waiting for the moment when the launchers come out to act. Many military analysts summarize the dilemma in a simple way: What was previously a mobile and difficult to locate system is now concentrated in fixed points, which facilitates its surveillance and reduces its capacity for surprise. Commercial satellite images themselves show destroyed launchers As soon as they left the mouths of the tunnels, fires were caused by leaked fuel and access to facilities bombed with heavy ammunition. Missile base north of Tabriz in Iran. The image on the left belongs to February 23, the one on the right from March 1 after the first attacks The air offensive against underground infrastructure. As the first week of war approaches, the military campaign has begun to focus increasingly on these infrastructures. They told Reuters that the first phase of the attacks focused on destroying visible launchers and surface systems capable of firing at Israel or US bases in the region, while the second stage aims straight to the bunkers and buried warehouses where missiles and equipment are stored. Israeli aviation, with American support, has attacked hundreds of positions and has managed to drastically reduce the number of launches, while an almost constant air offensive that hits targets continues. both in Iran and Lebanon during the same missions. The stated objective is to progressively degrade Iran’s ability to launch ballistic missiles and drones until it is completely neutralized. Missile base north of Kermanshah in Iran. The image on the left belongs to February 28, on the right it belongs to March 3 A gigantic arsenal underground. The actual scope of these facilities remains difficult to determine. There are military estimates that place the Iranian arsenal before the war between about 2,500 and up to 6,000 missilesstored in different facilities throughout the country, many of them excavated under mountains or in remote areas of the territory. Despite the attacks, Iran has managed to launch more than 500 missiles against Israel, US bases and targets in the Gulf since the start of the conflict, although many have been intercepted and the pace of salvos has decreased rapidly. That drop suggests that attacks on launchers and storage centers are beginning to erode the country’s ability to respond. The strategic dilemma. The result is a strategic paradox that is just beginning to become visible. Missile cities were designed to protect the core of Iranian military power and ensure its ability to retaliate, but in a scenario where the enemy dominate the air and watch constantly the entrances to these complexes can become choke points for the arsenal itself. Iran has spent decades excavating these underground bases with the intention of making its missiles invisible. But satellite images of the war are showing something very different: that this labyrinth of tunnels, designed as a shelter, can become one of its greatest vulnerabilities when the launchers are forced to surface under the look constant flow of planes, drones and satellites. Image | X, Planet Labs In Xataka | We had seen everything in Ukraine, but this is new: neither drones nor missiles, bulldozers have reached the front In Xataka | You’ve probably never heard of urea. The missiles in Iran are destroying their production, and that will affect your food

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