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A ghost fleet has mapped the entire submarine structure of the EU. The question is what Moscow will do with that information

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In January 2025 United Kingdom He raised his voice At the international level. The British Secretary of Defense, John Healy, explained that a nuclear submarine and two ships from Royal Navy had sighted a spy ship in the waters of the nation, and that it was the second time in just three months. The message did not stay there. The United Kingdom gave a name and a nation behind the incursion: Yantar and Russia. Now it has been discovered that the ship has been doing much more than that. The resurgence of a war. In recent months, NATO’s attention has moved to a less visible but increasingly critical front: the European seabed. The protagonist of this new concern is, again, The Yantara Russian spy ship that, disguised as a civil ship, toured during almost 100 days The waters of the Atlantic and the Mediterranean with an accurate objective: map and monitor the submarine cables on Europe and North America for their digital communications, their financial transactions, their energy and even their most sensitive military systems. We know all this Thanks to the Financial Timesthat after an investigation based on interviews with NATO naval officers and former members of the Russian north fleet, as well as in radar images of the European Space Agency, he has confirmed that the Yantar came to be located on critical cables in the sea of ​​Ireland and in front of Norway, on the strategic route to Svalbard. The role of Gugi. The Yantar operates under the orbit of the GLAVNOYE UPRAVLENIE GLUBOKOVODNIKH ISSLEDOVII (GUGI), the director of Deep Water Research created in the Cold War and known in the West as Military Unit 40056. Based on Olenya Guba, in the Kola Peninsula, this force is located on the border between the Russian Navy and military intelligence (Gru), dedicated less to science than to espionage. Gugi has about 50 platforms (From minisubmarines capable of reaching 6,000 meters deep to nodriza ships such as Yantar), designed to place sensors, manipulate or sabotage cables and, if necessary, destroy strategic infrastructure in a conflict scenario. Despite the blows suffered (such as the submarine fire Losharik in 2019 or the death of its historic boss by Covid), the organization has continued to receive resources Even in full war of Ukraine, which has allowed to commission new spy units. The Yantar The threat in the gray zone. The reactivation of Yantar’s missions Since the end of 2023 Indicates that Moscow has abandoned the initial caution he showed after invading Ukraine. Analysts like Sidharth Kaoushal (Rusi) They point that Russia has measured NATO’s red lines and is now more willing to take risks. The plans detected in the sea of ​​Ireland, where several cables converge that connect the United Kingdom and Ireland, fit into the Russian logic to act in The so -called “Gray Zone”: Operations of covert sabotage that do not equals an open military attack but can destabilize entire societies. In fact, Western Officers They warn That Moscow could, the case, cut energy or communications to force governments to the negotiation, or even alter the temporal signals that travel through the cables, with devastating effects in sectors such as high frequency financial trade. European vulnerability. The United Kingdom obtains the 99% of its communications Digital of submarine cables and three quarters of its gas through underwater pipelines. Ireland, which does not belong to NATO, is a particularly exposed point: cutting its connections would be to isolate it from the continent without directly attacking an allied member. He parliamentary report British of September 19 warned that the country “could not guarantee an attack or recover in an acceptable period,” also criticizing the fragmentation of responsibilities between ministries. In Denmark, the case of explosions of Nord Stream in 2022 evidenced the same bureaucratic dispersion. Although London has assigned the Royal Navy the mission of Protect these infrastructureexperts point out that the lack of anti -submarine frigates and patrol dependence limit the real response capacity. The Atlantic Bastion project. To close that gap, NATO and especially the United Kingdom they consider the creation of “Atlantic Bastion”: A defensive ring of sensors, submarine drones and acoustic stations in the seabed that reinforces the control of the Greenland-Islandia-Rio-Reinian corridor. Although the plan still lacks concrete financing, its need is increasingly evident. In parallel, surveillance ships such as The British proteus They rehearse with autonomous vehicles capable of documenting the activities of the Yantar and other GGI units, with the idea of ​​exhibiting public evidence and generating deterrence. Admiral Gwyn Jenkins, head of the Royal Navy, He warned This month that Gugi, after a period of relative stillness, “is returning.” Silent war. The activity From Yantar It is not an isolated case: between autumn of 2023 and November 2024, eleven Russian ships (military and supposedly civil) held a almost constant presence in British and Irish waters. Allied intelligence services suspect that Moscow already prepares sabotage scenarios against cables as a pressure measure on the countries that arm Ukraine. While until now these operations have been maintained under the threshold of the open confrontation, the possibility of Russia “turning off” the United Kingdom or Aisle Ireland is not a crazy hypothesis. As summarized Excapitan David Fields, former British naval aggregate in Moscow: “Russian military doctrine consists of hitting first, strong and where it hurts most, to prevent the enemy from even getting rid of war.” On that silent board, the Yantar has become the key piece of a underwater chess that threatens to redefine the limits of European security. Image | Defense ImageryAndrey Luzik In Xataka | A British nuclear submarine has discovered a Russian ship in front of its submarine cables. The second time in three months In Xataka | Research on submarine cables cut in the Baltic has taken a turn: it was not Russia, it was inexperience

The reactive the great debate on universal basic income. And the question is whether it is feasible to create it: Crossover 1×23

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One hears about Universal basic rent and inevitably thinks that It’s money that gives you free. The idea goes far beyond that, but one thing is true: with the rise of AI and the potential revolution of robotics, the debate about this option is more rising than ever. And precisely this 1×23 crossover is dedicated to talking about universal basic income, its origins and what it means. And to do so are Jaume Lahoz and Carlos Santa Engracia, presenters of Crossover, and a server, Javier Pastor, to dissect the theme. The truth is that we are increasingly facing a future in which AI and automation can help Create ultraproductive companies. In that scenario it is likely that the impact for employment and society will be enormous, and that is where a Universal basic rent You can raise a solution to that “mass and forced unemployment.” In the episode we talk in addition to the Pilot experiments That there has been in various countries, and also how Sam Altman, CEO of OpenAI, is especially interested in this area through its controversial Worldcoin project. Like everything, in the idea that projects universal basic income there are clear advantages and of course also risks. Will we become a society Like the one painted ‘wall-e’? ¿We will all gorditos And without moving from a chair that levita and takes us everywhere? Phew. On YouTube | Crossover

If the question is how much salary you would be willing to give up for keeping teleworking, Europeans are clear: zero

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Teleworking has been one of the Great changes in the organization of the labor market in Europe, although its objective has changed as normality was restored and companies returned to its offices. It was no longer an obligation imposed by COVID-19, but a benefit that It contributed time flexibility For conciliation and, above all, an effective weapon to attract and retain talent. In this context of “labor benefit”, the question of whether workers would be willing to sacrifice part of their salary to maintain the option of working from home has gained relevance between companies. The European Central Bank (ECB) has asked European employees to what percentage of salary would be willing to give up in exchange for maintaining teleworking. Their answers leave no doubt. Nor for all the money in the world. According to data extracted from the Consumer expectations survey (CES) From the European Central Bank, 70% of European workers are not willing to give up any part of their salary in exchange for Teleworking. On the other hand, 13% of the respondents would accept a reduction that would range between 1% and 5%, while only 8% would consent to a more significant salary reduction between 6% and 10%. This data is especially precious to companies since it allows quantifying the value that employees give to the possibility of teleworking, especially when this flexibility is offered as part of an emotional salary for the worker. Percentage of workers who would accept a salary cut and cutting percentage More and more teleworking … but hybrid. So much The data of Eurostat, like those of the Active Population Survey From the first quarter of 2025, they point out that teleworking levels They are maintainedboth European and nationally, well above the prepazed levels recorded in 2019. That means that there is more and more active population working from home. The greatest change that has occurred is that, while before 2019 the most common option was 100% remote work, now the most imposed modality is hybrid work in which work days and teleworking days are combined. That condition of hybrid day too Condition the salary percentage to which employees are willing to give up to keep teleworking. More teleworking, greater sacrifice. The data of the European Central Bank indicate that the most widespread option is to work two or three days a week from home and the rest from the office. For this formula, European workers would be willing to reduce their salary by an average of 2.6% to maintain that regime. The more teleworking days are offered, the greater the salary proportion than some would be willing to sacrifice. An employee who works his entire work week would accept a reduction of 4.6% of his salary, while those who only telework one day a week would barely contemplate 1.6% of cuts. The return to the office increases its pressure. In Europe, companies are not pressing their employees so much To return to your offices as the US companies are doing. This lower pressure is also reflected in the salary cuts that employees are willing to accept. In it Teleworking Study Study That researchers from Stanford and Chicago University have been doing for more than five years, it is noted that the average salary reduction accepted by remote work in the US is around 7%. This difference suggests that in Europe teleworking is no longer considered An exceptional privilegebut part of the basic working conditions in numerous sectors. The problem of eliminating teleworking. Given these data, some companies could be tempted to eliminate teleworking, or take advantage of the attachment of employees for this day model to reduce salaries. However, that plan that seems attractive in the short term, becomes a bad idea in the medium and long term. Telework has become a tool of the Human Resources Department for attract and retain a qualified personnel increasingly scarce. Just observe the waves of resignations and internal conflicts that have generated return policies to the office of Amazon Or, at a closer level, the Holaluz energy. However, offering some teleworking modality makes vacancies take less to cover themselves Because there are more candidates calling companies that maintain these models, and employees who already work on them have better levels of satisfaction. In Xataka | Australia reveals something that had not been taken into account: teleworking is only productive if you wish, not if they impose it Image | Unspash (Coworking macherzentrum toggenburg)

If the question is why the US wants to rescue Argentina with a fortune, the answer has two ingredients: China and Lithium

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Argentina entered again in Turbulence zone Despite the drastic fiscal and monetary adjustment of Javier Milei. A bulky defeat in provincial elections, the erosion of support in Congress and a corruption scandal that splashes their surroundings fired the doubts of the investors, forced sales of reservations by More than 1 billion of dollars in three days to defend the exchange band and approached the weight to the lower limit of the corridor. And then he The United States appeared With a briefcase under your arm. American help. Yes, the reaction was a political-financial turn of Washington: the Treasury Secretary, Scott Besent, defined Argentina As “systemically important ally in Latin America” ​​and announced that “all options” were on the table to stabilize the markets, an explicit wink to the “whatver it Takes” of Mario Draghi in 2012. The message, a priori, had immediate effect on prices and expectations, but opened a greater debate about the scope, incentives and the risks of such support. What has been promised and how. The United States Treasury discusses a swap line with Buenos Aires of 20,000 million of dollars with the Central Bank and the possibility of buying sovereign debt in dollars from Argentina, in addition to making direct currency purchases if the conditions justify it. The operational tool would be the so -called Exchange Stabilization Fundwith wide discretionary margin to intervene in foreign exchange and assets, used in 1995 To help Mexico. Besent added that the treasure “is prepared” to acquire bonds and offer backup credit. Trump himself, after meeting with Milei, affirmed that will help, although he said “I don’t think they need a rescue,” framing assistance as access to “good debt” and market liquidity. In parallel, Milei sought internal oxygen suspending temporarily Grain export taxes to accelerate the flow of commercial dollars, while keeping operational, although partially activated, The swap line With the Popular Bank of China (18,000 million, of which about 5,000 are active). The small print. The announcement acted as a short circuit: The peso bounced, the 2029 and 2035 bonds recovered between 6 and 7 cents and the yield of 10 years in dollars fell from 17% to ~ 15%. Great managers They celebrated the signalunderlining that it provides a “critical window” to the legislative. However, investors requested details: effective volume, deadlines, conditions and intervention triggers. The Treasury He has suggested Absence of “conditionality” added to that of the IMF, but the practice usually imposes safeguards. In “House”, the package faces resistance: Criticism in Congress American questions to allocate emergency funds to sustain the currency and assets of a third party, with the political risk of being perceived as a lifeguard to Trump’s personal ally. Strategic reasons: why. The Analysts coincide With a clearly geopolitical reason: reduce dependence Argentina from China in financing, swaps and access to critical minerals Like lithiumand strengthen an openly government Pro-Mercado and aligned With Washington. The second It is financial: Prevent an episode of regional systemic instability due about 35% of the living support of the background on a global scale. The third may be of global signal: reaffirm the capacity of the United States to stabilize emerging markets with sovereign instruments, projecting financial power in a context of strategic competence. And the fourth, more tactical, purely electoral: Prevent short -term stress Extra ball: Meme politics. An added, less economical and more symbolic factor is politics turned into “Meme”. Just like Bukele He built prisons In El Salvador for ICE deportees as a gesture to Trump, Milei has earned a place within the magician imaginary in the United States for Your incendiary stylehis rejection of the establishment and His libertarian rhetoric. Under that prism, the current White House is willing to hold it because it embodies a political-cultural ally More than institutional, if you want to also, a kind of entry between “politically incorrect countries” that lend mutual support. If instead of Milei will govern A classic Peronista rescue of this size would have hardly been articulated, although, paradoxically, Trump shares with Peronism more related features than with the libertarian ideology that Milei proclaims. Lithium site A NAFTA as a counterpart. It We have counted before. Another angle to consider is the possibility that the financial rescue serves as prelude to an eventual Free Trade Agreement Between the United States and Argentina, a play that would fit with the interests of both parties. For Washington, it would be a way to shield access to strategic raw materials under a stable institutional framework and without the threat that Beijing capitalizes them through state investments. For Milei, a NAFTA with the world’s first economy would be political and economic support Of enormous value, with the ability to attract private capital, reduce financing and consolidate its image of “reliable partner” within the western block. The scenario, which is known, is not formally at the table, but the background of the rescue makes it a plausible possibility: the United States does not usually move chips of this magnitude without also binding long -term commercial commitments. The Argentine structural problem. The Financial Times counted This week that “shock therapy” stopped hyperinflationary drift, but the economy is still caught in A monetary duality that makes the system dependent and vulnerable to twists of feeling: each capital output realizes distrust in the peso and forces expensive defenses with few reserves. In this framework, the discussion about dollarization returns to the center: Milei champied her In campaign, then postponed it for its costs (loss of monetary policy, impossibility of adjusting by exchange rate and binding external cycles), but broad support from the United States could reopen it. Regional experience (Ecuador) and The European They teach to enter is easy and get almost impossible. Without tax reforms, productivity, exchange regime and institutional credibility, assistance can become a expensive and ephemeral patch. China and Treasures. As we said, the “nuclear” aims to remove Buenos Aires from the Chinese orbit in the dispute for strategic resources. The lithium of the “triangle” that integrates Argentina, … Read more

LA1 has achieved for the first time that all its programs exceed 10% audience. The question is at what price

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RTVE 1 has first achieved that all its daily programs exceed 10% screen share. An achievement that, however, puts a few questions on the table: is it a sustainable change or a timely surprise? And beyond: Have you done it by lowering its public television category, going down to mud to compete? Will these programs and approaches be maintained once there is a turn in the government? Many questions from a figure of Share Certainly notable and that marks a before and after for the corporation. The figures. That 10% share occurred Last Monday, September 22when an average of 12.5% ​​of Share. That is, only behind Antena 3 and its 13.9% on average. In the morning strip, the ‘morning news’ (20.2%) and ‘The time of 1’ (17.6%) stood out. ‘Mañaneros 360’ maintained a double emission with very solid results (15.5% and 11.1%) and the ‘1’ mediodia news highlighted with 14% of Share. In the afternoon, ‘straight to grain made 10.4% and surpassed its Telecinco and Four competitors. ‘Wild Valley’ (11.4%) and ‘The Promise’ (12.5%) They followed leaders and ‘bad languages’ made its own record with 10.6%. ‘Here the earth’, finally, made 11.7%. The night block, already with mainly non -daily programs, was composed of ‘News 2’ (12.1%), ‘La Revuelta’ (11.7%) and ‘Masterchef Celebrity’ (13.7%). How it has been done. The figures have been achieved with a thorough reorganization of the grill, with four magacins that cover current and politics, and a commitment determined by entertainment and direct formats, and covers from the ‘morning news’ at 6:00 to the end of ‘Masterchef Celebrity’ at dawn, all with two -digit quotas. It is the key to understanding the new strategy of the1: greater weight of informative magazines, competitive entertainment and programming for diverse audiences. Go to mud. Maybe the attempt to recycle the wicker of ‘Save Me’ They will not work in audience, but the intentions were clear: compete directly with private chains. But here we find the first dilemma of this success of the1: the borders between public television and entertainment of private chains are blurred. There are those who denounce a kind of “Telebasura covert“, that is manifested in Commercial formulas as sponsorships, promotions and Product Placementwhat has even gained some sanctions to the entity in programs such as’Great Prix‘or’ Masterchef ‘. Politicians in RTVE. This leads us to the political issue. The current composition of the Board of Directors of RTVE, with majority of counselors related to government blockis being perceived as excessively politicizedwith doubts about the informative plurality and the representativeness of the programming. Many critics see open pro -government affiliation in presenters such as Silvia Intxaurrondo (which has had to defend themselves from abilities to favor the government), Javier Ruiz or Jesús Cintora (the latter in the 2, and both investigated by RTVE itself After vulneration complaints of plurity and rigor) The issue on the table is: Does this new RTVE prioritize profiles and content aligned with the interests of the management, raising the risk of indirect censorship or systematic bias? Something may have to do with the renewed success of the1, but … Do you have continuity? Nothing is forever. This political affiliation is real or perceived (which has also been reflected in decisions as significant as the Eurovision abandonment), What is clear is that it could mean a risk for all these programs when there is a change in political orientation in government. Ruiz himself seems to reflect on it in This interview with El Paíswhere he assumes that he will end out of the entity once there is a turn in the government. There was already talk of it around Broncanowhich has the most media program, but it is understood that the entire grill is marked by a specific orientation, these programs (and audiences) would be in danger. In that case, La1 would have to put on the table if you are more interested in the audience or loyalty to whom the Moncloa occupies. Controversies of a lifetime. For decades, RTVE has been subject to constant political fluctuations that condition its management and programming, making its effective independence difficult. In 2006, the government of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero promoted an important reform with the Law 17/2006 of the radio and television of state ownershipwhose objective was to independent the corporation of political power to guarantee stability, plurality and autonomy similar to the BBC model. The law conceived RTVE as a corporation with public capital, regulated as a commercial company, with a council appointed by consensus in Parliament with qualified majority and long mandates to avoid political interference. However, this reform has been Historically undermining for political conflicts. Successive governments, especially that of the PP after Zapatero, altered the conditions to resume more direct control, as happened when the qualified majority to appoint the directors and returning the executive greater capacity to influence the direction of RTVE. These recent measures have Formal independence weakened which sought to get and put control again in partisan hands. Header | RTVE In Xataka | 739 million euros: an audit of the Treasury points to a possible budget hole in RTVE

The human brain works as a predictive machine. The question is if a Cyborg future awaits us: 1×22 crossover

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We have a new episode of Crossover, the 1×22, and attentive because this time the topic is so interesting and has given so much that we have dedicated the entire program. Thus, this time we have been able to interview the Dr. José Sánchezneuroscientific and disseminator, which investigates How the brain worksemotions and Intelligence. In this interview of just over an hour Sánchez makes us an introduction to his experience with this area and then start with a unique idea: that the brain is a predictive machine. It also speaks to us, of course, artificial intelligence – the generative is of course A predictive machine– And with human emotions, but then the thing gets interesting. And he does it because with him we chat of the impact, present and Neuralink future and brain chips of other rivals. How will that impact our future? Will we end up being something like Cyborgs? We do not know, but before that happens, there is another debate we are talking about: that of social relationships and how these advances can affect mental health. Without a doubt, a spectacular episode that we hope you enjoy as much as we have enjoyed seeing it. Do not hesitate to comment, please, both here and in the YouTube channel itself. On YouTube | Crossover

The Mercadona Crusade against Home Kitchen is working. The question is what nutritional cost we are accepting it

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In the last eight months, Mercadona has won seven more tenths in market share and already reaches 27.3%. It is a real barbarity that reaffirms it in the lead and moves it away from its closest competition: Carrefour. But the most striking is not that. The most striking thing is that, According to the dataeverything is because The crusade against the future of the kitchen at home Juan Roig is paying off. We knew that the world has been quitting for decades, what we didn’t know is that this was going to go so fast. What we do not know, in fact, is what consequences all this has in the medium term. Are we putting the foxes to monitor the chicken coop? A future, but now. Because, although Media Spain threw himself on Roig when he assured “in the middle of the 21st century there will be no kitchens”, the truth is that right now more than eight million Spaniards resort to the prepared dishes of the supermarket. In fact, Statistics tell us data That, in the last decades, home cuisine had been in clear decline. Millennials “ate 30% more often in restaurants than any other generation; when they cooked, they spent less time (one hour less than the X generation) and, when they bought, they opted more by prepared meals, pasta and sweets than the rest.” They are USAs, but We can find similar trends in all western countries. There was a small change with pandemic, but things They seem to be returning to their channel. 17 kilos per head. That is The amount of prepared dishes they consumedon average, the Spaniards in 2024. 6.6% more compared to the previous year. And in these data we do not take into account that The tendency not only “translates In a greater offer of prepared dishes, but also in a simplification of fresh products, destined to reduce the time we dedicate to the kitchen. “ The reasons are clear and understandable: According to Kantar consultancy“comfort, lack of time and the increasingly elaborate and healthy proposals by supermarkets” are the factors behind this change. But this is true? I refer, specifically, to “healthy proposals.” And not with respect to traditional precooked dishes, which that (a priori) is evident. But, with respect to the general diet of consumers. That is: this movement is improving our diet or not? The question is pertinent. Above all, because we have the problem of ultra -processed. It is increasingly evident (Ylgreat studies confirm this) that there is a “positive correlation between the consumption of these foods and A list of up to 32 health problems ranging from cardiovascular mortality to depression. “ We talk about an increase of about 50% in the risk of death related to cardiovascular problems, a similar increase in the risk of anxiety and “common” mental health problems, and a 12% increase in the probability of developing type 2 diabetes. Even more The data show An increase of 21% in the risk of death for any cause and one between 40 and 66% of the risk of death by heart attack. The invasion of the defendants. In 2010, ultraprocessed food represented 31.7% of the Spanish diet and 80.4% of all added sugars. That is, the weight of the processed food in our diet tripled between 1990 and 2010 (from 11% to 31.7%). In parallel, the weight of added sugars has gone from 8.4% of our daily energy intake at 13%. It is a serious problem and becoming aware of it has made, as we said, the products are healthier than before. But the emergence of these pre -cooked dishes much more attractive, convenient and accessible raises doubts. Are we facing a new phase of that trend? Will our diet worse? Answers are missing. It is soon to see how all this is affecting (and will affect) the food of citizens. Do not forget that, as we often repeat, not all processed foods They suppose a health risk. But what the historical experience tells us is that we cannot leave everything in the hands of the companies in the sector: without an ambitious regulation and a committed public opinion, the situation can become against us. It is, it seems, the ideal moment to use this boom in favor of public health. Then it will be much more difficult. Image | JJ Melero In Xataka | Juan Roig believes that cooking at home has no future. There are eight million Spaniards who are already giving the right

If the question is how the struggles of the Roman gladiators were, the answer was in Serbia: they included bears

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Archaeologists (and also novelists and Of course Hollywood) Imagine the Roman amphaters full of gladiators, weapons and wild animalsbeasts captured to submit them in the circus sand. One thing is however imagine or intuit it based on what historical and mosaic stories tell us, and another very different is to find palpable evidence. That is what has achieved A team of archaeologists in Serbia, near the remains of the Roman amphitheater of Viminaciumformer province of Moesia. And the story he tells is fascinating. Much more than bones. What the researchers have found in the vicinity of the Viminacium Amphitheater, a wide venue built towards the second century DCoval, with high walls and capacity for some 7,000 people, was part of the skull of a brown bear. Nothing else. Nothing less. For the common of mortals the bones could have gone unnoticed, but Nemanja Marković and the rest of the researchers who They have just published his findings in AntiquityThey saw something else: a story that tells us about beasts, gladiators and struggles. Why’s that? Because beyond the characteristics of the bones, which reveal to what kind of animal they belonged to, the skull retains marks that tells us about its last days in Viminacium. What did he do, what treatment he received, where he lived and what the bear died. Thanks to the application of bone analysis techniques, radiographs, microscopic analysis and DNA sequencing, the first thing the archaeologists found is that the skull belonged to a Ursus arctosa male of about six years that the hunters probably arrested in the same region, in one of the forests that extend through the Balkans. The fact is interesting because it suggests that the Romans had a hunting network that supplied animals for their shows. It is nothing new. Other studies They have revealed how the Empire counted of a sufficiently greased, broad and efficient system to bring lions to Britannia. All for the purpose of supplying the amphitheaters where the elites and the people were distracted. What the wounds reveal. If the bones tell us things, much more do their wounds and brands, the great source of information to which Nemanja Marković and his colleagues have resorted. The first thing that caught their attention was an injury in the front of the skull, a broad wound in which the scientists appreciated two indications: one of healing, another of infection. That already tells us about a serious injury that the animal suffered for a season. The next question is evident: how was it? The other protagonist: the Venatore. To answer that issue, researchers have looked directly at the amphitheater and a very concrete type of show: the fighting between beasts and Venators (either Bestiarii), fighters who dedicated themselves to the sand with animals to delight the public. “The Roman amphitheats also organized ‘Beast Cacerías’ (Venation), which faced people against animals, a show that lasted from the republican period to late antiquity, ” They remembered Recently in Plos One The authors of another study that found another evidence of that kind of shows in Roman Britannia: the pelvis of a relatively young man (he was not more than 35 years old) who showed a clear and deep dentellada de León. Unraveling the story. “We cannot say with certainty if the bear died directly in the sand, but the evidence suggests that the trauma occurred during the shows and the subsequent infection significantly helped his death,” Marković explains in Live Science. The finding is relevant because until now historians only had references to use bears in this kind of shows. Do not test palpable. “This study provides the first direct osteological evidence of the participation of brown bears in Roman shows.” Not just that. Beyond the front wound caused perhaps by the spear of a Venatore, The researchers observed something else. The bear jaws also seemed to show traces of infection. And above all their canines were spent. The reason? The study slides that could be due to prolonged captivity during which the animal was dedicated to biting the bars of its cage. “It is likely that he has been in prison for years, not just weeks,” says the expert, which leads him to think that he participated in several Viminacium shows, where they came to reside several tens of thousands of people. One last mystery. That’s how it is. The bones hide a last mystery, a question that remains by driving at the archaeologists table: the skull of the brown bear was among the remains of a small building close to the entrance of the amphitheater. Was he buried there? And if so, why? “Previous investigations suggest that the dead animals in the sand were dismembered nearby, their meat was distributed and the bones were ruled out near the amphitheater, not buried in a formal animals cemetery,” Comment The Serbian researcher. “The fact that this bear was buried and not discarded as other animal remains suggests that the spectators or organizers of the games attributed some symbolic value. Perhaps respect, perhaps superstition. What is clear is that his death was not anonymous or banal,” Marković ditch in statements collected by National Geographic. Archaeologists too They discovered Part of the skeleton of a leopard in the same construction and bones of other wild animals, including brown bears, near the amphitheater. When analyzing these bone remains, the researchers dated them between approximately 240 and 350 AD Images | 🇸🇮 Janko Ferlič (Unsplash) and Wikipedia 1 and 2 In Xataka | The incendiary arrows are the favorite weapon of medieval fictions. They really didn’t serve anything

We analyze the big question in video after the Apple event

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Less than 24 hours have passed since Apple presented the new iPhone and, as usual, doubts arise: ¿It is worth renewing the mobile for any of the new models? Does it make sense to make the leap to iPhone Air or is it better to go directly for one of the Pro Line? You may even be valuing a third way: take advantage of discounts from previous models. We return with one of our favorite formats, the Versus. In it we have already compared watches for less than 200 euros, Tables for the Tour of Class And even some of Amazon’s best selling fryers. This time it is the turn of the iPhone. Although we still don’t have the new models in our hands, our partner Samuel Oliver He has put them face to answer the big question: Which one to choose from? Buy a new generation iPhone or take advantage of a previous model? For a long time, the pro models have monopolized all the prominence. This year, the situation has changed. “I think this year’s stars are the base models: we are finally Promotion with those 120 Hz and the 48 MP sensor In your main camera. He iPhone 17 He has inherited a lot from last year’s pro models and receives new chip, the A19 along with important improvements in the Selfie Chamber, ”says Samuel. In the video, our partner describes some of the key assets of the new entrance models, two elements that can be decisive for many users. “Pro models this year are more decaffeinated with potentYou like video and photography”, He adds in front of the camera, and launches a forceful appreciation on the iPhone Air. So far, what is the most difficult mobile to recommend? We will discover it. Samuel also raises several scenarios, including a very common one: those who are thinking of getting an iPhone of the previous generation. “It is Apple’s best telephone until the arrival of the new one, with all the camera news, processor, the camera control button, prepared for Apple Intelligence,” he says about one of the models that has been in the market for a while. In addition, it highlights some of its most relevant characteristics. In the video it is also explained what alternatives we have when Apple discourages models of your store. And here there is good news: It is possible to find interesting devices at lower pricesa more than valid option if you are looking for an iPhone without leaving a fortune. As always in VersusSamuel reviews the strengths and weaknesses of models such as iPhone 15 or the iPhone 14and leaves us not only with its winning option, but with clues for each type of user to find their best choice. The video It is now available on the Xataka YouTube channel. We invite you to see it and, of course, to leave your impressions in the comments. Images | Xataka In Xataka | iPhone Air, iPhone 17 and 17 Pro, Apple Watch Series 11, Airpods Pro 3 and all the News of Apple’s Keynote

Alibaba has presented its largest AI model, with a billion parameters. The question is whether at this point that means something

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The Chinese giant Alibaba has announced a new language model, the largest they have announced to date. It is called Qwen-3-Max and presumes that it has more than 1 billion parameters. The biggest. It is the last model within the series Qwen3 which was launched in May of this year and, as its name ‘Max’ indicates, it is the largest to date. Its size is given by the parameters, 1 billion to be exact, while the previous models of its series reached a maximum of 235,000 million. According to South China Morning Post (Which owner Alibaba), his model stands out in understanding of language, reasoning and text generation. Benchmarks. The results of the benchmarks place QWen3-Max ahead of competitors such as Claude Opus 4, Deepseek v3.1 and Kimi K2. If Gemini 2.5 Pro or GPT-5 does not appear, it is because they are models of reasoning and have only compared rapid response models. As they point out in Dev.toboth Gemini 2.5 Pro and GPT-5 obtain higher scores in mathematics and code, so reasoning models continue to have advantage in those areas. Qwen3-max-preview can already be tested free of charge. Benchmarks shared by Alibaba. Parameters. The parameters are all the internal variables that a model learns during training. In other words, it is the knowledge that the model has obtained from the data with which it has trained and allows it to interpret our requests and generate their answers. In theory, the more parameters, the model will have more and better capabilities. It also implies that it needs more computational power both to train and to execute the model. More does not mean better. The speech of the parameters remembers that of the megapixels with the first cameras. A 100 megapixel sensor will take larger photos than a 10 sensor, but there are other crucial factors that affect image quality such as sensor size or lens luminosity. Quality data. More parameters can be translated into more learning capacity and more resolution of complex tasks, as long as quality training data has been used. It is obvious: a language model that has been trained with redundant, incorrect or biased data will learn and continue to reproduce those errors in their operation. There are more. In 2022, the laboratory Deepmind from Google, discovered that many models were oversized in parameters but underlined in data. To demonstrate it they created the Chinchilla model with “only” 70,000 million parameters, but four times more data. The result was that it beat Gopher, a model with four times more parameters. Architecture. The architecture of the model is another decisive factor in order to achieve an efficient model; A standard architecture is not the same that forces the model to use its entire neuronal network, than one like Mixture of experts which consists of many smaller networks. It would be something like having an expert committee each with a specialty. In this way, the model can choose your expert for each query and not have to use the entire network. For example, with this technique, Mistral manages to use only a fraction of his parameters And so it is faster and cheap to execute. Image | Markus Winkler, via Pexels In Xataka | The ASML-Mistral alliance reveals the European plan B: if we cannot manufacture chips, we will at least control how they are manufactured

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