keys

is that Iran has “lost the keys” and without them the balance is broken

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There are only a few maritime passages in the world capable of altering the global economy in a matter of days, and some of them are so narrow that they could fit inside a large city. Through those corridors they circulate every day hundreds of ships loaded with energy, raw materials and essential goods. Their fragility is such that a large military deployment is not necessary to alter them: it is enough that something stopped fitting so that the entire system suffers. Closed… but not by what it seems. For weeks, the international focus has been on whether the Strait of Hormuz was open or closedbut the reality could be much more disturbing: that Iran is not fully in control of the shutdown it caused. After laying naval mines in response to attacks by the United States and Israel, the passage was practically paralyzed, raising energy prices and giving Tehran a powerful tool of pressure. However, this same strategy has generated an unexpected situation in which, according to Iran has slippedthe blockade no longer depends only on a political or military decision, but on a technical problem that is much more difficult to reverse. The concept of “losing the keys”. Because the core of the problem is how the mines could have been deployed: hastily, disorganized and, in the worst case, without a record. accurate of your location. Some were even able to move through ocean currents, further complicating their location. So, this weekend counted the new york times that what in theory should have been a controlled closure of the strait has become something more chaotic and disturbing, where not even those who placed the mines know with certainty where they all are. The metaphor of “losing the keys” is not rhetorical, but rather a quite literal description of the situation that has been heard. in embassies in Tehran: Iran has blocked the door, but can no longer open it easily. An effective weapon against. He use of minescombined with the threat of drones and missiles, managed to reduce maritime traffic to a minimum and generate strong global pressure, but that strategic advantage began to turn against Tehran. To mitigate the impact, Iran has maintained limited corridors and spread supposedly safe routes, even allowing some ships to pass under certain conditions. Even so, the traffic flow has not been normalizedbecause the risk remains too high and uncertainty about the location of the mines persists. The technical limit of a modern war. Basically, something that we have been counting these weeks: the elimination of naval mines is one of the more complex operations in the military field, and not even powers like the United States have sufficient capabilities to quickly clear a road as critical as Hormuz. In this context, the Iranian situation is even more delicate: its own technical limitations, aggravated by the attacks to its naval infrastructuremake a quick reopening unfeasible. This introduces an unexpected factor into the negotiations, since the “technical limitations” mentioned by its leaders are not a diplomatic excuse, but a real obstacle. Unstable balance with risk of escalation. The result is a scenario extremely fragilewhere a partially blocked strait depends as much on political decisions as an out-of-control minefield. Neither Iran nor the United States have a clear image of how many mines there are or where they are, while Tehran retains the ability to plant more with small boats that are difficult to track. Of course there is also an option that no one rules out. Now that it is the United States that has decided to block Hormuz. Iran could be playing its cards, because the normal thing is that all the mines are mappedand that Tehran simply does not trust Washington and refuses to take any steps before receiving concrete concessions. And in all these scenarios, Hormuz becomes an area where any error, accident or incorrect calculation can escalate quickly, because the problem is no longer just who controls the passage, but that no one has full control of what happens underwater. Image | Jenikir In Xataka | The most buoyant market right now is selling streaming and satellite images of US movements to Iran. In Xataka | Commercial aviation is based on very old aircraft. The Iran war is going to make it even worse

Big Tech has entrusted the keys to its kingdom to NVIDIA. Now they want the keys back

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NVIDIA is no longer a gaming graphics card company: NVIDIA is a ubiquitous company. That means it is the baby at the baptism, the bride at the wedding and the cement of the manufacturing industry. artificial intelligence. Your hardware is in the most powerful data centers on the planethis software controls everything and your money invest in any company that has something to say in AI. Big Tech (and everyone) is blindly trusting NVIDIA and has been given the keys to the house, but something is changing. And now they want the keys back to regain control. All the spotlights. Microsoft, Amazon, Google and Meta have bought hundreds of thousands of NVIDIA GPUs to shape your AI aspirations. At some point many began to develop their own hardware, but in the end NVIDIA’s was everywhere and was the one that gave the most guarantees, so they “gave up.” Apple, curiously, opted for Amazon. And not just the big ones. OpenAI, Anthropic, Mistral or xAI are purely AI companies that They bet very heavily on NVIDIA from the beginning. Its hardware is the one that leads the way, the one that Western and Chinese companies want and the one that has such a brutal demand that it has elevated the company as the best client of TSMC and Samsung. amd. But no one likes to have all their eggs in one basket, and those same names are moving. From a position of absolute dominance, in a short time we can move to another in which the hardware market is much more diversified. AMD is NVIDIA’s great historical rival in the PC gaming segment (and in consoles), but although they were out of the conversation for a few years, they have returned with force. They have the hardware and are moving to get the same memory that NVIDIA has (and Samsung wins more than anyone else) and contracts as juicy as the one they achieved recently with Meta. The big rival also has deep pockets and is committed to taking a piece of the AI ​​pie. The Chinese threat. On the other side of the world we have China. We have said on numerous occasions that China is on to other things when we talk about AI. If the West pursues the AGI (with questionable claims like it’s already here), to China doesn’t care exactly. They want fast chips that allow them to create accessible and monetizable models in the short term. But they also have Huawei, the company that has become the spearhead of the Chinese technology industry thanks to its collaboration with foundries such as SMIC is allowing, in an unthinkable way due to vetoes, can develop advanced chips. The development of cutting-edge chips still needs to be achieved, but Huawei already has more powerful inference chips than NVIDIA’s H20, according to them, and a supercluster for training. Taking back control. Because in that term, “inference”, is where the current key is. AI training is important because it is what allows the model to then have the data and have a wardrobe to pull from, but inference is the final layer, which processes the user’s request to provide a response. There is not so much raw power needed, and that is what almost all the companies mentioned above are taking advantage of. Amazon, Google or Meta have programs in which they are actively researching or developing chips proper for inference. OpenAI has signed an agreement with Broadcom to supply chips and xAI along with other companies Musk also has its own chips and they plan to open factories. And in China things are no different with Cambricon wanting to be a local alternative to NVIDIA and giants like Alibaba either ByteDance getting into chip design. Groq. Given this, do you think NVIDIA is standing still? Among their hardware proposals, they have Groq, an inference accelerator that is designed for, next to Vera Rubinprocess a large amount of data at enormous speed. Groq was an unknown in the world of AI – until NVIDIA licensed it – and specialized from the beginning in that: chips with minimal latency for inference. The key is in the architecture of its chips and it was a piece that was missing from the NVIDIA catalog and shows that, although the rest want the keys back, the one that already had them may have made a backup copy to continue being the reference. Because they may all be preparing their chips, but while they arrive, NVIDIA is already there and, in fact, with Groq it seeks to sneak into theThe $50 billion pie: China. Problem for NVIDIA. But of course, that’s part of the story. The other is that NVIDIA also has all its eggs in one basket: that of AI. In the middle of last year we already mentioned that six customers represent 85% of all NVIDIA revenue in the previous quarter. It is an absolute nonsense that shows that, if there is a shift in technology, a puncture of the bubble or a new player that arrives strongly, the situation for NVIDIA may not be so favorable. The question is whether a regime change can come and everything will be allowed to collapse like a house of cards. The uncomfortable thing is that an absurd amount of money is being invested and it’s not something that can escalate forever. In Xataka | Jensen Huang believes we have reached the “coming of the AI ​​wolf.” It is perfect for feeding a Tamagotchi

We look for the perfect locator for your keys, wallet or suitcase

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For some time now, Apple’s AirTag has captured the attention of the most forgetful users, thus becoming an accessory for keys, wallets, bags or suitcases and always having them located. Over time, competitors have not stopped appearing. If you have been thinking about buying a device of this type for a while and don’t know which one to decide on, the time has come to analyze some of the best options that is on the market to make your choice easier. Technical sheet of all these locator models Xiaomi tag Apple Airtag 2 Motorcycle tag Tile by Life360 Matte samsung smart tag 2 Dimensions and weight 46.5 x 31 x 7.2mm 10 grams Diameter: 3.19cmThickness: 0.8cm 11.8 grams Diameter: 3.19 cm Thickness: 8 mm 7.5 grams 38x38x7mm 8.9 grams 28.8 x 52.4 x 8mm 13.75 grams TECHNOLOGY Bluetooth v5.4NFC (Apple Find My only) Bluetooth LEU2 chip (ultra wide band)NFC Ultra wide bandBluetooth Low Energy long range bluetooth Life360 Network Bluetooth 5.3 UWB SPEAKER Integrated piezoelectric buzzer Integrated 75 dB at 10 cm Integrated Integrated water resistance IP67 (30 min at 1 m depth) IP67 (30 min at 1 m depth) IP67 (30 min at 1 m depth) IP68 IP67 (30 min at 1 m depth) compatibility Google Android Find HubApple Find My Apple Find My Google Android Find Hub Google Android FindHubApple Find My Only Samsung Galaxy phones with Android 9 or higher autonomy Replaceable CR2032 battery(Shelf life: 1 year) Replaceable CR2032 battery(Shelf life: 1 year) Replaceable CR2032 battery(Shelf life: 1 year) Replaceable CR2032 battery(Shelf life: 1 year) Replaceable CR2032 battery (up to 700 days of autonomy in low consumption mode) price From 14.99 euros (1 unit) From 49.99 euros (pack of 4) From 27.99 euros (1 unit) From 99.99 euros (pack of 4) From 24.90 euros (1 unit) From 104.34 euros (pack of 4) From 24.26 euros (1 unit) From 80.36 euros (pack of 4) From 15 euros (1 unit) Which locator is best for you according to your case? With so many models of Bluetooth locators, you may feel lost, but we are going to try to simplify things a little to help you choose one or the other. Next, we are going to analyze which is the locator that best suits you according to the mobile phone you have and your needs and budget. One of the essential things when it comes to understanding these devices is that They use the network of nearby users to locate each other. The AirTag works because there are millions of iPhones passing nearby and the same goes for those compatible with Android’s Find My network. In Spain, it must be taken into account that there are more Android mobile users than iPhones, while Tile (which we will also analyze later) only works if users have the Tile app installed, so if you live in a lost town, it will not be of any use to you. Of course, all of them have in common that they feed themselves through a standard button cellwhich will cost you two euros to change it a year and you will forget to charge the device. In addition, they are IP67 certified, which means they will survive without problems if you drop your keys into a puddle or the toilet, for example. Apple AirTag, the king of precision and the perfect one for iPhone users He Apple AirTag2 It is the absolute reference for iPhone users. The pursuit of precision is taken to another level thanks to the new U2 chip, allowing you find objects almost 60 meters away with an arrow that guides you step by step. In addition, its integration with the Apple Watch and the accessories ecosystem (such as cases and keychains) is unattainable for the rest. The best thing about its chip is that it is very powerful and precise, allowing your phone to tell you that the object is “two meters to your right” with a centimeter precisionsomething that normal Bluetooth does not do. In addition, it is considered one of the best since there are many iPhones in the world (and also in Spain), which makes locating objects much easier. Faced with this precision, the AirTag has a but and that is that it sells you an incomplete product. The AirTag is a smooth disk, so if you want to hang it on the keysyou will have to spend between 15 and 40 euros on a keychain. Apple AirTag (2nd generation) The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Samsung Galaxy SmartTag2: exclusive for Samsung users He Samsung SmartTag2 It is intended only for company mobile users. This makes it compete head-to-head with Apple since it also offers precision search (UWB), although it adds some extra functions, such as a physical button used to control home automation. A good example of this would be that, when you get home, you can configure that a double click on the keychain turns on the lights in the living room. In addition, you will not have to spend more on accessories, because it comes with a hole for can hang it directly on the keychainwhich is a benefit for your portfolio. Samsung – Samsung SmartTag 2 white. The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Xiaomi Tag, the victory of quality-price and valid for any mobile Whether you have an Android mobile or an iPhone, the Xiaomi Tag It is the most economical and versatile alternative you will find. Of course, its design is somewhat larger, but You will not need an accessory to hang it on the keychain. It has arrived, without a doubt, to break the market, offering everything that a locator offers but at almost half the price. Of course, its weak point is precision. It doesn’t have ultra-wideband (UWB), so you’ll have to forget about the dates on the screen. With this model you will have to play “hot or cold” guided only by the beep, unlike Samsung, Apple or Motorola models. The … Read more

Peru gave the keys to a giant door to China that the US now wants to blow up

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For years, Chancay was a secondary port on the central coast of Peru, one linked to regional exports and with a limited weight in international trade. Everything changed when, at the beginning of the 2010s, the project began to transform into a megaconstruction designed to receive the largest ships in the world, a leap that culminated with the entry of Chinese capital and the inauguration of a work called to redefine the country’s role in Pacific trade. A giant door to the Pacific. Peru has now become the central stage of the rivalry between China and the United States for a very specific reason: the Chancay megaport, a deep-water infrastructure north of Lima that acts as a direct gateway between South America and Asia and that has elevated the Andean country from a trading partner to a strategic piece. As we said, with the capacity to receive the largest cargo ships in the world and accelerate the flow of raw materials to China, the port symbolizes how a logistics project can alter regional balances and place a country in the middle of a dispute between powers. The direct notice. From the Washington Department of State, the Donald Trump administration rated case as an example of how “cheap Chinese money” can erode national control over critical infrastructure, an unusually harsh warning in pointing out that Peru could be losing sovereignty over one of its critical infrastructures, after a court ruling which limits the ability of the national regulator to supervise Chancay. For the United States, the message is clear: Chinese money, presented as cheap and fast, has a long-term political cost. A case that has become an example of the US strategy to stop the expansion of Chinese influence in the Western Hemisphere and regain ground in a region that it considers vital for its security and global leadership. China and the Silk Road in Latin America. It we count some time ago. For Beijing, Chancay is a key piece of its Belt and Road Initiativethe great project with which it has financed ports, roads and airports around the world through credits and state guarantees. China has been for more than a decade the main partner Peru’s commercial sector and has invested massively in strategic sectors such as mining, electricity and transportation, consolidating a deep economic relationship that goes far beyond a single port and that reinforces its presence in the Latin American Pacific. The court ruling. The spark of the conflict has been court ruling Peruvian law that orders the authorities to refrain from regulating, supervising or sanctioning the activity of the port of Chancay, considering it a private facility. The regulator Ositran, which controls the rest of the country’s large ports, has denounced that this exception leaves users unprotected and creates a dangerous precedent, by making the operating company the only one that provides a public service without direct supervision of the State. The organization has already announced that it will appeal the decision. Cosco, sovereignty and red lines. The Chinese company Cosco Shipping, majority shareholder and operator of the port, has rejected any insinuation of loss of sovereignty and maintains that Chancay remains fully under Peruvian jurisdiction and subject to its laws, with the presence of police, customs and environmental authorities. For China, the US accusations are a political maneuver and a discredit campaign, while for Washington the problem is not only legal, but strategic: who controls, de facto, South America’s great gateway to transpacific trade. Peru trapped between two powers. The country is thus in an uncomfortable positionwith China as its main trading partner and the United States as a strategic ally and military partner, even designated as a main non-NATO ally. While Washington negotiates the construction of a naval base a few kilometers from Chancay, Beijing consolidates its influence economy around the same enclave. The result is a nation located in the middle of a major geopolitical battle, one where a port infrastructure has become the symbol of a difficult choice: take advantage of an economic opportunity without this giant door to the Pacific ending up conditioning its sovereignty and its international room for maneuver. Image | cosco In Xataka | China has been building a megaport in Peru for eight years. It has just been released to revolutionize South America In Xataka | €10 order, €30 tariffs: the EU has just approved the mother of tariffs for Aliexpress, Shein and Temu

We have spent 30 years forgetting how things are made. Now China has the keys to the matter and the West is in panic

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For the past three decades, Western democracies have operated under an intellectual mirage. Elites, blinded by a neoclassical bias, assumed that control of intellectual property, financial instruments, and software code constituted the pinnacle of value creation. In this worldview, physical processes—the “dirty work” of mining, refining, and manufacturing—were considered low-margin commodity services that could be outsourced to low-cost jurisdictions without strategic risk. As Gillian Tett explains in his Financial Times columnthis cognitive bias allowed China to dominate global supply chains with little protest. The material deterioration of the West. The essence of the current problem is defined by investor Craig Tindale in his essay “The return of matter”. In it he argues that the West has suffered “strategic disarmament” by dismantling its national productive economy in favor of quarterly financial efficiency. As Tindale details, he fell into the “raw material paradox”: believing that possessing the raw mineral is equivalent to possessing the usable material. While the West possesses vast geological deposits, China has monopolized the “Midstream,” that is, the heavy industrial capacity to refine, smelt and purify these materials into useful forms. Without this capability, a lithium mine in Australia or a copper mine in Arizona are simply quarries for a Chinese smelter; They are not strategic assets for the West if Beijing has the keys to access them. The data is there. The data of the Chinese industrial domain are, as investor Craig Tindale describesoverwhelming and unprecedented in history, consolidating what he calls “processing sovereignty”: Gallium: China controls approximately 98% of global production, a material that is essential for AESA radars, 5G networks and the semiconductors of the future. Rare earths: The Asian giant dominates 90% of chemical separation capacity – the true technical “separation wall” – and more than 90% of the production of NdFeB magnets, vital for electric vehicle engines and defense systems. Graphite: Control more than 90% of the production of graphite anodes, the indispensable component of virtually all lithium-ion batteries. Magnesium and Polysilicon: Your control extends to 90-95% of magnesium casting (key for aluminum alloys) and 95% polysilicon necessary for solar energy. As Tett points outwhile the West became obsessed with software and services, China was quietly building the physical infrastructure that today gives it a massive competitive advantage in the race for artificial intelligence and the energy transition. This physical reality is what has forced the Trump administration to try to redraw the energy map by taking Venezuelan crude oil, desperately seeking to regain control over the “matter.” The electric wall of AI. This physical reality has revealed that the race for Artificial Intelligence It’s not just a question of code or chips. The digital leadership of the West is now encountering the physical limit of cheap energy. Satya Nadella, CEO of Microsoft, and Jensen Huang, director of Nvidia, agree that the biggest current problem is not the excess of chips, but lack of electricity to connect them. On this board, China has gone from being a dependent petrostate to becoming the first “Electrostate” in the world. Beijing now produces 2.5 times more electricity than the US and builds 74% of all current solar and wind projects on the planet. By investing massively in electrification, China is expanding an infrastructure that could give it a definite advantage in the AI ​​race. The Venezuelan trap. Against this backdrop, Donald Trump’s administration has accepted the importance of physical matter, but seems determined to fight with tools from the last century. The taking of Venezuelan crude oil seeks to consolidate the reserves of Venezuela, Guyana and the United States are under US influence, which would represent close to 30% of the world’s oil reserves. according to a JPMorgan report. However, Venezuelan oil alone cannot solve the AI ​​problem. As Gillian Tett warnswhile Washington asks the world to buy 20th century infrastructure (fossil fuels), Beijing offers 21st century infrastructure (renewable energy and high voltage networks). In addition, Venezuelan crude oil is “mortgaged”: The country owes up to $60 billion to China under the oil-for-loans model, and its infrastructure is in ruins. The skills gap and the clash of “clocks.” Rebuilding industrial sovereignty is not just a question of money. The West has closed its heavy industrial capacity for thirty years, causing a “human bottleneck”. Metallurgists and process engineers who know how to adjust an unstable furnace or a chemical separation train are retiring without relief. Tindale further postulates a conflict of time horizons. The “Western Financial Clock,” which requires quarterly profits, has destabilized the “Industrial Clock” (which requires decades of investment) and the “War Clock” (which requires immediate reserves). While China’s clocks are synchronized by the state, the West remains trapped in short-term financial efficiency. Towards a rematerialized sovereignty? The JPMorgan report suggests that the US has won the short-term battle for Venezuelan crude oil. But, as Gillian Tett concludesrisks losing the global strategic war for the energy that will power AI. Tindale’s thesis is blunt: a civilization that financializes everything ends up sacrificing the material base that keeps it independent. If the West does not rebuild its foundries, refineries and factories, it will renounce the material sovereignty that sustains democracy, becoming a simple “quarry” rich in resources but poor in capacity in the face of a rival that already holds the keys to the physical world. Image | freepik Xataka | Venezuela has something much more valuable than oil and the US knows it. The big problem is that he doesn’t know where he is.

Give the keys of their war ships to Spain

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While the shipyards in Ferrol continue to take giant steps to have the frigate of F110 class In the delivery planned by 2028, several hundred kilometers from there, in the surroundings of Cádiz, we also begin to work on the facilities of Navantia, who seems to move forward with a firm step to be in the world showcase as a reference construction company. It is no small thing: United Kingdom has given him the keys to the future of his Navy. A historical precedent. Yes, for the first time in recent history, a British war ship will be built largely outside the islands, with Spain as the main destination of manufacturing. The decision responds to the Harland & Wolff shipyards In Belfast, famous for having lifted the Titanicthey are not yet prepared to face a contract of 1.6 billion pounds Awarded in 2022. The agreement, which from the beginning raised suspicion for the participation of Navantia, breaks with the tradition that the ships of the Royal Navy are built in the United Kingdom or in British territories, revealing Weaknesses of the country’s military industrial base. The role of Navantia. The Spanish state company confirmed that most of the construction of the first logistical support ship of the Royal Navy will be carried out in its Cádiz shipyardsleaving Harland & Wolff only the construction of the bow at its Appleor headquarters, in England. The centerpiece of the helmet, which should be manufactured in Belfast, will be executed in Spain along with the rest of the ship, which has aroused criticism of analysts That they warn that, if this precedent is consolidated, the three units could end up building in their entirety outside the United Kingdom. However, Navantia insists in which the plan is “realistic” and maintains that the three ships should be finally assembled in Belfast if everything follows its course, with delivery planned in 2032. The workers leaving the Harland & Wolff shipyard in 1911. In the background you can see the Titanic bow Industrial crisis and foreign investment. The truth is that Belfast’s inability to enter production up to at least 2026 has forced the initial plan. Navantia He has committed 115 million pounds in the modernization of the British shipyards, of which 90 will be used specifically to the support ship project. The Spanish company He defends that this investment will provide Harland & Wolff for the necessary capacities to compete in future British naval contracts, such as the six amphibious assault ships and versatile support (MRSS) that the Navy contemplates acquire in the coming years. However, critical voices They point out thatalthough the British taxpayer pays a premium to sustain local shipyards, a substantial part of the added value is transferred to Spain. Political controversy. No doubt, the agreement has divided opinions in the United Kingdom. Some accuse the Ministry of Defense of to have been deceived With the promise that the ships would be “made in Britain”, while unions like GMB and Unite have avoided ruling at the moment. From Norirlandea politics, the reaction It has been pragmatic: The delay in Belfast is labeled, but it is accepted that having modernized facilities will allow competence of equal conditions in the future. For its part, Navantia Underline which is incorporating apprentices in the region and ensures the support of local workers. The tradition of “Brisionh Build.” To understand the climate that is breathed with the news in the United Kingdom we must go back in time. Since the end of the 19th century already throughout the 20th century, the Royal Navy defended An unwavering principle: His warships had to be built on British soil, both for reasons of national security and to keep alive that strategic industrial fabric that was Pride of the country. During The Victorian erashipyards such as Portsmouth, Devonport, Barrow-in-Furness or Belfast Harland & Wolff themselves became Naval power symbolscapable of producing battles, carriers and world reference submarines. Even in the moments of greater industrial globalization, London insisted In that the construction of combat ships should remain under national control, convinced that a war ship built abroad would be vulnerable to sovereignty commitments, industrial espionage or technological dependence. The empire and autonomy. The United Kingdom maintained this policy even in times of economic difficulty. After World War II, when the imperial decline and the energy crises of the seventies eroded the British economy, it continued to bet on the local construction of frigates, destroyers and aircraft carrier. The programs Invincible and Type 42developed between the seventies and eighty, they were built entirely in British shipyards, although at a high cost and with notable delays. London justified those expenses as an investment in Strategic autonomy: Ensure that, before a crisis, it did not depend on foreign suppliers to maintain the operation of their Navy. National pride. In this context, Harland & Wolff In Belfast it occupied a symbolic place: not only and as we said, for having built the Titanic, but for being one of the large industrial centers in the United Kingdom. Your declineaccompanied by mass closures and loss of jobs, was seen as a symptom of the loss of British naval power. For decades, successive British governments sought formulas to keep them alive through military contracts, aware that a shipyard who dies rarely resurrects. Hence, the news that a British warship was built mostly in Spain is perceived as a breakdown of a historical tradition and a symbolically painful concession. Implications for the “British” defense. The three support ships that Today they are news (classified as warships since its conception in 2020) They are intended to provide ammunition, fuel and supplies to the British fleet in prolonged operations. Its strategic importance is considerable, at a time when Royal Navy seeks reinforce your ability expeditionary and guarantee logistics autonomy in high intensity scenarios. Therefore, that much of its construction (time will say if the majority) is carried out in Spain reflects both the limitations of the British military naval industry and the growing … Read more

languages, experience and higher studies the keys to double it

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The debate on whether wages have increased enough for workers Do not lose purchasing power He has been on the table for more than five years. A ELABORATED STUDY by Infojobs He has revealed that during the first semester of 2025, the average salary offered in Spain – that is, the figure in employment offers – has reached 27,552 euros gross per year, which represents a 2% increase compared to the closing of the previous year. An analysis that coincides With the data of CaixaBank Researchwhich figure the interannual increase in wages in August 2025 at 1.9%. An insufficient increase. The Employment Platform has analyzed the offers published during the first half of 2025 and has detected an advance in the salary average that companies offer in their job offers. This increase occurs in an economic context marked by year -on -year inflation of 2.7% in August, according to INE dataand a GDP growth forecast Around 2.5%. The Infojobs report clearly indicates that the 2% increase in the salaries offered is insufficient against prices rise, so the purchasing power of households suffers. The progression of the salary offered evidence that the salary improvement fails to compensate The increase in life: the salary increase observed during the first half of 2025 has been lower than 3% that the same platform registered at the end of 2024 and barely greater than 1.6% of 2023. Thus, the general salary evolution must be considered in parallel to the Accumulated loss of purchasing power suffered in recent years. Again, academic titles make a difference. The arrival of AI has caused some Technological gurus consider that having higher studies already They are not so important. However, the Infojobs and unemployment data They point out that higher degrees do have a great impact on the quality of employment to which it is accessed. The report emphasizes that having a higher education degree is one of the main factors for Improve remuneration offered, especially in technical profiles and positions of responsibility. Thus, a technical electronics engineer goes from an average salary offered from 25,568 euros to 31,831 euros when the offer requires higher degree, which represents an annual gross difference of 6,263 euros. In management positions as logistics director, the report indicates that the salary offer increases by more than 6,000 euros with respect to the base when such educational level is required. In this way, the higher degree translates into a greater capacity to access already salary improvements. Experience is a degree … and you pay. Professional experience becomes another fundamental element To improve retribution Base on the offers published by companies. According to the data collected, accredit between two and four years of experience allows access to offers with higher wages, especially in health and technological fields. For example, in the Nurse post Responsible for general care, the average salary can reach 52,802 euros when experience is required, which is more than 15,000 euros compared to the base salary. In other technical positions, such as ICT network administrator, the difference is close to 7,000 euros; Specialization and work experience are crucial to access more competitive salaries in the Spanish labor market. Know languages ​​opens doors. Talking languages ​​is Another skills that allow access to jobs with better salary, especially in technical sectors and positions related to internationalization. According to the study, offers to cover the vacancy of an industrial electrician can move from an average remuneration of 27,891 euros annual gross to 43,747 euros when it indicates that it is indicated that Languages ​​are requiredwhich means an increase of more than 15,800 euros. For an electromechanical engineer, the difference can exceed 13,000 euros gross per year. Paradoxically, in the hospitality sector, where Language domain It is almost essential, the salary increase is less valued than in technical positions, assuming an annual salary improvement of 3,300 euros for the position of restaurant director. Studies, experience and languages: The Blessed Trinity of Employment. The data suggests that, although it is true that by separate any of these skills it achieves Improve job remunerationthe combination of the three allows to achieve the greatest salary progression. When the three powers are added in an offer, the average remuneration can exceed more than 20% the reference salary for that position. In the case of IT analysts, the combined progression places the average salary at 43,980 euros, almost 6,800 euros more than the base remuneration indicated when the offer does not indicate any of those requirements. Also in industrial and administrative areas the effect is considerable: for example, the average salary of accountants goes from 25,583 euros to 31,144 euros, which represents 5,561 euros apart. Thus, the sum of titration, experience and mastery of languages ​​constitutes the decisive formula to access the highest wages. In Xataka | If the question is which countries have more workers with higher studies, the answer is not Spain Image | Unspash (Yitzhak Rodriguez)

The fastest factory keys in the world

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On the southeast coast of South Korea there is an installation that has somewhat redefined what the mass production of cars means. And it is that the Hyundai plant in Ulsan is not only the largest vehicle factory in the world if we talk about extension, but has managed to integrate manufacturing, quality control and global distribution in such an efficient process that today is capable of producing A new car every ten seconds. The figures speak for themselves. With a manufacturing capacity of 1.5 million vehicles annuallythis installation almost doubles all the production of vehicles of countries like Italywhich has about 23 different factories. To put this productive capacity in perspective, the ULASAN plant could have covered 98% of all sales of new cars in Italy during 2024. Image: Hyundai The secret is in integration. What makes Ulsan unique is not only its size, which reaches more than 485 hectares (the equivalent of 680 soccer fields), but its revolutionary concept: it is the only automotive plant in the world Integrated own port. While other factories must transport their vehicles to external ports, here the cars pass directly from the production line to the ship, eliminating dead times and logistics costs. Mass production. The installation houses five operational factories plus a motor and transmissions plant, with production lines that work 18 hours a day. 17 different models are manufactured, from the Hyundai Santa Fe and Tucson to the entire Genesis range. In fact, a sixth exclusive plant for electric vehicles will open during the first quarter of 2026 To produce genesis. From the line to the ocean in minutes. After passing the quality controls, the newly finished vehicles are directed to a huge parking lot next to the dock. There, specialized drivers They carry them on huge transport ships by steep ramps. Once the load is finished, these same drivers run away on foot and go up to an Hyundai Saria to go to the next vehicle lot. Complete urban transformation. The magnitude of the project has completely transformed the region. When Hyundai began the construction in 1968, Ulsan was a fishing village of 30,000 inhabitants. Today it houses 1.1 million people, and has become the industrial center of South Korea. The presence of Hyundai is so significant that there is even a highway with the name of the company’s founder, and hospitals, schools and restaurants proudly carry the name of the brand. Giant numbers. Every 24 hours A loaded ship comes out of the port of Ulsan. 75% of the annual production is exported to more than 200 countries, with destinations such as California, which receive up to 6,000 vehicles in a single ship after 13 days of crossing through the Pacific. The plant uses 34,000 people directly, more inhabitants than the entire city had when the factory was founded. An unrepeatable model. “This unique way of producing and exporting cars saves as much money and time, and it is the key reason why Hyundai can manufacture so many vehicles every year,” assured A person in charge of the plant. An efficiency model that began in 1968 as a small assembly installation where Ford Cortina was assembled by hand, and today represents the cusp of large -scale automotive production. Cover image | Hyundai In Xataka | “In five years there will only be five brands”: the XPEng CEO is clear about the future apocalyptic of Chinese cars

An researcher proposed a game to Chatgpt. What he received in return was functional keys from Windows 10

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Sometimes, the most effective is the simplest. That thought Marco Figueroa, cybersecurity researcher, when last week decided to test The limits of Chatgpt. The proposal was as innocent as disconcerting: a riddle game, without technical attacks or explicit intentions. Instead of seeking vulnerabilities in the code, he focused on language. And it worked: he managed to make the system return something that, according to himself, should never have appeared on the screen. The result were generic key installation of Windows 10 For business environments. The key was to disguise him. What Figueroa wanted to check was not if he could force the system to deliver forbidden information, but if it was enough to present the right context. He reformulated interaction as a harmless challenge: a kind of riddle in which AI should think of a real text chain, while the user tried to discover it through closed questions. Throughout the conversation, the model did not detect any threat. He responded normally, as if he were playing. But the most critical part came at the end. When introducing the phrase “I Give Up” – I rindo – Figueroa activated the final answer: the model revealed a product key, as it had been stipulated in the rules of the game. It was not a casual carelessness, but a combination of carefully designed instructions to overcome the filters without raising suspicions. The filters were there, but they were not enough. Systems such as Chatgpt are trained to block any attempt to obtain sensitive data: from passwords to malicious links or activation keys. These filters are known as Guardrailsand combine black lists of terms, contextual recognition and intervention mechanisms against potentially harmful content. In theory, asking for a Windows key should automatically activate those filters. But in this case, the model did not identify the situation as dangerous. There were no suspicious words, or direct structures that alerted their protection systems. Everything was raised as a game, and in that context, the AI acted as if it were fulfilling a harmless slogan. What seemed harmless was camouflaged. One of the elements that made the failure possible was a simple obfuscation technique. Instead of writing directly expressions such as “Windows 10 Serial Number”, Figueroa introduced small HTML labels between words. The model, interpreting the structure as something irrelevant, ignored the real content. Why it worked (and why just worrying). One of the reasons why the model offered that response was the type of key revealed. It was not a unique key or linked to a specific user. Apparently it was a generic installation key (GVLK)such as those used in business environments for massive displays. These keys, publicly documented by Microsoft, only work if they are connected to a KMS (Key Management Service) server that validates network activation. The problem was not only the content, but the reasoning. The model understood the conversation as a logical challenge and not as an attempt to evasion. Did not activate its alert systems because the attack did not seem an attack It’s not just a key problem. The test was not limited to an anecdotal issue. According to Figueroa himself, the same logic could be applied to try to access another type of sensitive information: from links that lead to malicious sites to restricted content or personal identifiers. Everything would depend on the way the interaction is formulated and whether the model is capable – or not – to interpret the context as a suspect. In this case, the keys appeared without their origin being completely clear. The report does not specify whether this information is part of the model training data, if it was generated from already learned patterns, or if external sources were accessed. Whatever the road, the result was the same: a barrier that should be impassable ended up giving up. Xataka with Gemini | Aerps.com In Xataka | Granada promised them very happy with their new degree of the university. Until his feet stopped

My keys are random characters and I have a hard time remembering them. Unless you use one of these password managers

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Do you have the same password for all your accounts or do you use a different? The truth is that the second is the best we can do in the event that some website has some vulnerability, but that can leave us with a problem: remember all passwords. In fact, it has happened to me, so it can be very useful to have a good Password manager. But … What is a password manager? A password manager is an independent program that is responsible for safely storing the passwords that we choose. In this way, once we register it, it will be saved and allow us to log in to the account without writing the password again. There are free services, but also other payment that offer a greater number of functions and, of course, of better advantages. In this article we will talk about Some of the best password managers, with their prices and differences. Proton Pass If we are going to choose a password manager, Better to do it by taking a discount, right? Proton Pass not only offers different monthly plans with its peculiarities, but also right now has a discount on all its subscription plans: Pass plus monthly by 4.99 euros a month instead of 4.99 euros. Annual Proton Plus by 2.99 euros a month instead of 12.99 euros. Pass Family by 4.99 euros per month instead of 6.99 euros. * Some price may have changed from the last review All of them have some similar tools, such as cloud storageextreme end encryption, the possibility of saving passwords or email encryption, calendar, cloud storage and VPN service. Here we leave you a table with some of the differences between the subscription plans: Pass plus monthly Annual Pass Pass Pass Family Tools Unlimited alias of Hide-My-Email Integrated 2FA authenticator Safe link exchange Unlimited credit cards Dark Web monitoring Advanced Accounts Protection Your personalized domain for alias Additional mailboxes for alias Unlimited alias of Hide-My-Email Integrated 2FA authenticator Safe link exchange Unlimited credit cards Dark Web monitoring Advanced Accounts Protection Your personalized domain for alias Additional mailboxes for alias 6 Pass Plus accounts Administrator panel for your family Price 4.99 euros / month 2.99 euros / month 4.99 euros / month Obviously, Proton Family offers greater users. Yes, it is more expensive, but it can be interesting if what we are looking for is to use the service on different devices. Pass Plus monthly can be interesting to prove the annual plus tools and Pass has the best value for money by staying the monthly for half that with respect to Pass Plus monthly. PUREVPN PUREVPNas its name indicates, it is mainly a service that offers a VPN tool, although it also has many other security related, such as the password manager. Taking into account that the standard service does not offer the password manager, we would have two modalities: Pure VPN Plus for $ 2.96 per month (2.52 euros to change), with VPN service and password manager. PUREVPN MAX for $ 3.33 per month (2.83 euros to change), with VPN service, password manager, Dark Web monitoring, unlimited ESIM data and data eliminator. * Some price may have changed from the last review Bitwarden Another option that can be interesting is Bitwardena password manager who, although it is true that it has a free modality, has two subscription modalities with more tools. Of course, it is more focused on companies than individuals, although that does not mean that it cannot be useful: The biggest difference between Bitwarden Teams and Bitwarden EnterpriseIn addition to the price, Enterprise offers a family plan and recovery administrator. Bitwarden Teams for 4 dollars a month (3.40 euros to change). Bitwarden Enterprise for $ 6 per month (5.10 euros to change). * Some price may have changed from the last review Dashlane Finally, Dashlane It is another service that, despite being more expensive, also offers a good assortment of tools. Mainly it is a password manager service, but depending on the subscription modality that we choose we can have more or less functions, although in this case they are more focused on companies: Password administrator by 8 euros per month (with annual billing). It includes access protection of employees with unlimited passwords and optimization of security controls. Omnix by 11 euros per month (with annual billing). Includes password administrator, intelligent alerts and additional protection against Phishing. * Some price may have changed from the last review Some of the links of this article are affiliated and can report a benefit to Xataka. In case of non -availability, offers may vary. Image | Linus Mimietz in UnspashProton Pass, Purevpn, Bitwarden, Dashlane In Xataka | Why it is dangerous to connect to public wifis and what you should do to protect yourself In Xataka | Antivirus in Windows 11: What are, differences between free and payment and the best for your PC

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