collapse

Nuclear power plants have a very valuable resource so as not to collapse if electricity fails: the “flex” strategy

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The refrigeration system of The reactors of nuclear centrals It has a fundamental purpose: to guarantee that Fuel bars will remain at all times within Its operating temperatures range. If this parameter increases excessively they could melt and trigger a serious accident. To avoid it Conventional nuclear reactorslike those we have in Spanish nuclear plants, have a triple cooling circuit. The primary circuit consists of the vessel that contains the fuel bars and a deposit known as heat exchanger. The hot water from the vessel circulates between both deposits thanks to the action of a pump, so that it cools in the exchanger before returning to the vessel. This circuit is closed. In addition, the heat exchanger acts as a steam generator, so a second circuit is responsible for introducing the cold water inside that, when coming into contact with the hot water of the primary circuit enters boiling. From there the necessary steam proceeds to transfer to the turbine the kinetic energy that will make it possible to obtain electricity thanks to the action of the alternator. Once the fluid crosses the turbine the water steam is cooled and condenses inside an additional tank to promote the appearance of water in the liquid state that will be introduced again in the heat exchangerthus giving rise to a second closed circuit known as secondary circuit. Again a pump is responsible for the water to circulate between the condensation tank and the heat exchanger. So far we have described two different closed circuits, the primary and the secondary, but we have left a loose end. In order for the water vapor of the secondary circuit to be condensed inside the condensation tank it is necessary to introduce in the latter cold water. And to do so it is necessary to resort to a third circuit known as external cooling circuit. The water of this last installation comes from the sea or from a river near the nuclear power plant, hence it is necessary to accommodate this type of centrals near one of these two natural resources. In modern nuclear centrals flexibility and redundancy are everything As we have just verified, so that the water that acts as a refrigerant element circulates correctly inside the primary and secondary circuits the action of at least two pumps is necessary, one for each circuit. And, of course, the pumps need electricity to function, like many other elements of the nuclear reactor, such as the pressor, the external cooling circuit pumps or the safety injection pumps. We explain everything in more detail in the article that we dedicate to The control rooms of nuclear centrals. Portable equipment allows all these functions to be performed without having to depend on exterior power supply After Fukushima The safety of all the world’s nuclear power plants was reinforced. They underwent very important stress tests during which all the central parameters were reviewed, especially those that were related to what had happened in Fukushim Baskets on the electricity grid. And once everything was reviewed, the incorporation of a series of measures to mitigate and prevent such accidents was standardized worldwide. This strategy is known as “flex”, which is the flexibility apocope. Nuclear centrals have been designed to Prevent Design Base accidents. This philosophy consists in thinking about what can happen with the purpose of implementing security measures to mitigate them in case they occur. What happens is that in practice, of course, there are accidents that you can not have planned, so in addition to the security systems prior to Fukushima, a series of portable equipment that allow all those functions from outside without having to depend on exterior power supply have been incorporated. They are totally portable and autonomous equipment that are already incorporated into all nuclear plants, and that can also be transported from one central to another in case of need via helicopter or through the military emergency unit (UME). In addition, there are also A central warehouse in Technatom Madrid where there are portable equipment that could be transferred in two or three hours to any Spanish nuclear power plant. As we have just seen, the redundancy of the equipment is also a crucial strategy in nuclear facilities. However, there is another resource that is even more important: The security culture. The training of all people who work in a nuclear power plant is individualized and permanent throughout their professional career. In Xataka | China and Russia have an extremely ambitious plan: in 2028 they will build a nuclear power plant on the moon In Xataka | This nuclear reactor is different from everyone else. It has been expressly designed for data centers

Current people with AR-15 rifles preparing for a social collapse

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People preparing For “the worst” It has long existed. The followers of this movement are call preppersand as the name implies, they are ready for the end of the world not to catch them off guard. The movement has been mutating slightly over time, there are even levels according to the wallet, since millionaires also want keep on your luxuries even in a bunker. The latest: geopolitical drift and natural catastrophes have their own survival team: the “prepared or professional citizens”. The citizen ready. As we said, in an era defined by global uncertainty (wars, pandemics and extreme climatic phenomena) a new figure has emerged in the United States: the so -called “Citizen prepared”a more structured and socially accepted kind of evolution of the traditional prepper. This current, in the marginal past, has become an increasingly visible movement, made up of civilians without paramilitary affiliations that train with the same seriousness as elite units. I told it in a report The New York Times through a scene that served as an example of the movement. In a Florida forest, ten men, including pilots, a nurse and an executive, participated in a class called Full Consender Minutemanwhere they were instructed in military techniques under the guardianship of the veteran of the Christopher Eric Roscher Air Force, who between Christian prayers and shooting practices with an AR-15, prepared them to face What he calls “The worst day of their lives.” This constant alert attitude against a possible social, economic or military crisis is no longer exclusive to conspiracy or bunker survival; Now it includes professionals, parents and common citizens seeking self -defense, tactical efficiency and community. Civil training industry. The rise of “prepared citizen” has generated a growing business and cultural ecosystem. Companies Like Barrel & Hatchet Trade Groupfounded by Roscher and his partner Tyler Burke, offer from combat training to programs on mental resilience against disasters. Your digital presence (through of YouTube, Instagram, podcast And even Online store) amplifies its scope. In parallel, creators such as Ben Spangler, former army and founder of @TacticalforgeThey popularize patrol techniques and ambush in social networks, attracting an audience that does not seek to militarize, but to understand defensive tactics. Its clientele, mostly civil and without experience in combat, consumes manuals of military instruction, buy compromise and topographic maps, and train as a team as part of a self -managed community. Here it is not about undercover militias, but about tactical knowledge networks, organized by affinity and purpose, which reflect a demilitarization of military knowledge and its transfer to the domestic sphere. Diverse expanding movement. Although many of these initiatives are born from fear of an institutional collapse or urban violence, not all are oriented towards armed self -defense in a strict sense. In this regard, there are organizations Like Protect Peacefounded by Danielle L. Campbell after the death of his assistant in a shooting in 2017, which represents a more community version of the prepared citizen. Your approach Combine training With weapons, first aid training and distribution of Naloxone in vulnerable areas, in addition to promoting radio amateur licenses to maintain communications in case of emergencies. Your mission is not to prepare to repel an invasion or resist an oppressive government, but Weave local support networks Given everyday violence. Yes, you want also, far from the apocalyptic narrativeits proposal is pragmatic and social: building community from preparation, not from isolation. Organized cooperation. The Times told In his report that what distinguishes the citizen prepared from the average owner of weapons is not arsenal, but the mentality and the sense of belonging. It is no longer just about having a rifle, but about knowing Use it with disciplinecoordinate in groups, identify risks and plan answers. The medium consisted of examples such as that of Josh EppertVice President of a construction company in Tampa, who joined the training of Barrel & Hatchet during the pandemic, not by paranoia, but by practical conviction: if he has weapons, he wants to dominate them with responsibility. Seen this way, this new profile does not aspire to become a kind of Rambo nor to fight ideological wars, but to face natural disasters or social disturbances with a minimum of competition and, perhaps, temperance. In a country where possession of weapons It has historically been a symbol of individualism, this new wave prioritizes collective learning and shared strategy. A cultural response. For the environment, the boom of the citizen prepared must be understood as a cultural response to the GUARANTEES GROUP institutional in the United States. Faced with the perception of a state unable to protect its citizens (either in front of hurricanes, pandemics, urban violence or geopolitical instability), a kind of organized self -sufficiency logic emerges that converts uncertainty into motivation. Tactical training, medical knowledge, communication practices and the cultivation of community ties are seen as insurance before a volatile future, and what was previously marginal has become more visible. Under that prism, the prepared citizen It no longer seems like a lonely with provisions in the basement, but an active member of a growing network that trains, reflects and acts, although not to unleash chaos, but to survive him. Image | 7th Army Juint Multinational Training Command In Xataka | That the apocalypse caught you in the jacuzzi. Luxury bunkers become fashionable among millionaires In Xataka | The engineer who has built a post-apocalyptic Internet in case our collapse civilization

The collapse of shelter values ​​such as the US dollar and debt

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The American treasure bonds, considered for decades the safest asset in the world, are suffering The biggest mass sale since 2001when Puntocomwith yields that exceed 4.5% in the ten -year bonus and touch 5% in thirty years. This shake is not a simple technical adjustment. This directly questions the dollar and the US debt as a safe refuge in moments of global economic uncertainty, precisely when Trump’s commercial war with China and other countries reaches historical levels with the tariffs of Up to 104%. Why is it important. The collapse of the American bond market also has implications for Europe and Spain. If investors lose confidence in the dollar and American bonds, two contradictory scenarios are possible: European risk premiums could shoot themselves by infection, making financing for governments and Spanish companies. Or paradoxically, Europe could benefit if investors look for alternatives to the dollar, lowering our debt. The current situation. What began as a technical problem in the bond market has become a crisis of trust. The coverage funds carried out by arbitration operations with American bonds (known as “Basis Trade“) are being forced to sell in mass, shooting the yields and causing a vicious circle. The ten -year bonus from the United States has gone from a 3.87% yield to early April to More than 4.5% In just a week. The bonus at thirty years has touched 5%levels not seen in more than a decade. The type curve has been invested extremely, with a difference of 30 basic points between two and ten years bonds in just a few hours. Between the lines. This phenomenon is the structural change reflex. After decades as an indisputable world reserve currency, The dollar and the American bonds are being questioned as a result of Trump’s aggressive tariff policy. China, Japan and the United Kingdom, main foreign American debt holders And precisely countries especially affected by tariffs, they can be using their bond reserves as an economic weapon, selling them in retaliation. At stake. The stability of the global financial system now depends on how central banks respond. The Federal Reserve could be forced to make emergency cuts in interest rates or implement programs for buying bonds similar to Those used during the 2008 crisis. If these measures fail, the consequences would be serious: increasing credit for companies and families, destabilization of stock markets (some already vulnerable), and potential global recession just when the economy recovered from Post-pandemic inflation. Meanwhile in Europe. Here the public debt yields have also triggered sympathy. British bonds have reached 5.6% yields – levels not seen since 1998–and the pressure on the Spanish and European debt is inevitable if the situation continues to deteriorate. The European Central Bank and the Bank of England could be forced to advance or intensify its type cuts to contain damage, especially if the European economy begins to show signs of contagion. For Spain, with A public debt exceeding 100% of GDPa sustained increase in financing costs would threaten the government’s budgetary and investment plans. Just when they are most needed to cushion the impact of the commercial war. The money trail. The financial world has taken a historic turn in just one week. If the American treasure bonds cease to be the safe shelter par excellence, we enter an unknown territory for the global economic system. When what seemed impossible happens, panic can become a self -fulfilling prophecy. It does not seem to make sense and ask whether there will be consequences or not, but rather how deep they will be and who will pay the invoice. In Xataka | The United States created modern globalization. Now he has become his main devastating Outstanding image | Xataka

The great fortunes are bleeding with the collapse of the bag. Warren Buffett has hit his old recipe again

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Financial markets are living A moment of maximum turbulence causing the value of the actions in all markets in the world to collapse from its opening. According to Bloombergsince Thursday, the 500 greatest fortunes in the world already They have lost more than 536,000 million dollarswhile its companies record falls valued by more than 5.4 billion dollars, As he pointed out Reuters. However, meanwhile chaos and justifying the nickname of “Oracle of Omaha”, Warren Buffett seems to have anticipated the collapse taking the appropriate measures to minimize losses. Buffett is the only one whose fortune is not written in red numbers. The devil knows more by old … When Warren Buffett began to get rid of his positions in Some of the main technological ones They were shot in the stock market, many thought that the veteran investor had lost their heads. They continued without understanding anything when the veteran investor accumulated the more than 325,000 million dollars that he obtained from their sales, and He preferred to pay taxes for them to invest again. Today, those who laughed, don’t laugh so much. As stock indices such as S&P 500 are minced– With a collapse of 17% since its February peak, and the Nasdaq falling more than 20% – Buffett’s decision to bet on liquidity and low -risk assets demonstrates its ability to Read the market with enviable precision. His movement has not only allowed him to protect the capital of Berkshire Hathaway, but also increase your own fortune In a context where the vast majority of Milmillonarios is registering losses in the assessment of their assets. As a good veteran In this investmentBuffett’s recipe for these moments of uncertainty is not very different from the one that applied in previous stock market crises: “There is simply no way of knowing how much actions can fall in a short period. However, when important falls occur, they offer extraordinary opportunities for those who are not limited by debts.” In a Opinion article for The New York Times In 2008, the millionaire gave another track about How to anticipate and act before moments like the one we are living: “A simple rule dictates my way of buying: being afraid when others are greedy and being greedy when others are afraid.” After capitalizing a good part of his actions, Warren Buffett now You have the portfolio to overflow with cash and ready to take advantage of generalized falls to buy the best bargains. Therefore, now all eyes are put in the next Buffett movements. The big fortunes lose, but buffett resists The main fortunes record losses so far this year except Warren Buffett. Source: Bloomberg The impact that the announcement of The commercial war that has begun USA has especially hit The technological magnateslike Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos, whose fortunes have been reduced in 130,000 million and 45.200 million Of dollars, respectively, in what we have been in 2025. Larry Ellison, meanwhile, has left 42.1 billion dollars after the last falls and Mark Zuckerberg has lost 28.8 billion so far from 2025. Faced with this scenario, Warren Buffett’s fortune has remained out of generalized losses. Berkshire Hathaway class B actions even They have risen 7.7% this yeardespite suffering a slight correction in the last week, the result of the widespread fall of international bags. But it keeps its green counter so far this year. While others suffer the impact of the international exhibition of their portfolios and the fall of technological ones, Buffett did the homework in 2024diversified their investments to focus on sectors less exposed to imports and with a strong presence in the United States, such as insurance, energy and transport. Buffett not only withdrew a good part of the money from Berkshire Hathaway investors, but also chose to invest that liquidity in short -term treasure bonds, whose profitability has recently increased, thus raffling the collapse of the markets. In his Annual letter to shareholders February, Buffett explained that these bonds offer a “predictable gain” and one effective volatility protection of the market. This approach allowed him to avoid the generalized losses that have affected investors exposed to sectors such as technology, where Apple – one of the old jewels of their portfolio – dropped 28% since its peak, due to their high dependence on China. “Berkshire’s shareholders may be sure that we will always display a substantial part of their money in shares,” he said in his letter, although he adds that, as always, his goal is Companies with good foundations. In Xataka | In January, a group of millionaires supported the US president: they have already lost 209,000 million dollars in their mandate In Xataka | In 2000 Amazon fell 80% in the stock market. Bezos’ response leaves a clear lesson: we must not trust the markets Image | Unspash (Maxim Hopman), Flickr (Fortune Live Media)

Before Tesla’s collapse, Elon Musk already presses for an agreement between Europe and the United States

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The tariff war triggered by Donald Trump has unleashed chaos in the bags. From the United States to Asian bags through Europe. Everything falls and the perspectives are not good. And, along the way, we begin to see the consequences that are hardly affecting technological and automotive. One of the most marked is Tesla, who lives in his own chaos. April 2. Just five days ago Donald Trump unleashed the storm. It was April 2 in the United Statesthe edge of midnight in Europe and were already well entered in April 3 in Asia. The announcement of imposing tariffs with a flat rate of 10% to almost all countries in the world and elevate them to those that the president of the United States considers that they are doing special damage to his country unleashed chaos. Since then, the consequences have happened. Europe warns that April 9day in which the new tariffs should go into force if nothing remedies it, will vote what measures it takes against the United States. China has also made it clear that April 10 Equal 34% tariffs That the Trump administration has imposed them if they do not withdraw before or reach an agreement. The chaos. Since then, The bags have been immersed in chaos. Since last Friday, when China answered the United States, the drop in the bags was confirmed. Collapses in the United States of 10%, the Nikkei playing minimums since 2023 or the German stock market falling almost 10%. In Spain, Ibex35 is falling 5% and has already fallen more than 10% since the Chinese reaction was announced last week. Since Donald Trump announced the new economic measures, there are great losers in the commercial war. Apple, who was trying to diversify its production and partially leave China, has lost 15% because Tariffs will continue to impact in countries where it has been carrying its production. Nvidia has suffered similar falls and Microsoft has fallen 5% since April 2. Other of the companies that are suffering most are the textile -related. Nike has left more than 10% in the last five days and between April 2 and last Friday almost 20% had left but the shares have rebounded. Adidas has also fallen almost 20%. Under Armor exceeds 15% fall. LVMH (which has luxury brands such as Loewe) has left more than 12%. The automakers. But there is a sector that tariffs especially impact. The entry of cars to the United States and parts to produce cars within its borders It is taxed with 25%. Steel and aluminum, keys in this sector, also now cost 25% more. That has made shipments from Mexico and Canada paralyze or that some plants have already begun to Send your workers home with the aim of reducing production. From Trump’s announcement, Honda has fallen more than 10%, Toyota approaches 15% fall. Stellantis approaches 20%. Mercedes, Volkswagen or BMW also leave more than 10%. Benefit? Tesla was one of the few companies that I could get unscathed from the situation. Everything that sells in the United States manufactures it internally and its shipments to China are almost exceptional. Almost everything he sells in China produces it in China. In terms of trade between the United States and China, the company would have no problem. Yes there is clouds that can worry. China has taken years to allow Tesla to operate with advanced driving aid system. For this he has forced him to associate with Baiduwhat Elon Musk’s assumed aware that it is A key piece in the puzzle of its future economy. It remains to ask if China can press by cutting the tap to concrete companies. Tesla can be key since the use of data for autonomous driving are extremely sensitive to the Chinese state and does not want them to leak to the United States. Alleging these same national security concerns, from the United States they want prohibit the entry of Chinese cars or with Chinese sensitive pieces to the country. A strong fall. In spite of everything, the fall in Tesla’s actions are being considerable. On April 2, Tesla’s shares were quoted above $ 280. Today they are paid at $ 239 in a drop of approximately 15%. However, the data reflect the enormous volatility of Tesla’s actions. That same day April 2, the shares had started a little above $ 250. The alleged strength against the rivals caused the shares to rise in price but The data of your first quarterthe Chinese reaction and the rumors of Elon Musk of the United States Government have left the shares below the aforementioned 240 dollars. A crack. It is the one that has opened between Donald Trump and Elon Musk. The billionaire and owner of Tesla said he expected an agreement between the European Union and the United States. “They should advance ideally, in my opinion, towards a situation of zero tariff, effectively creating a free trade zone between Europe and North America,” he said in a video connection during a league congress, the ultra -rightist party led by Matteo Salvini and that Try to get to the Government of Italy. Words picked them up The avant -garde and opens a crack between Elon Musk and Donald Trump’s speech that had so far walked together. Just when Elon Musk is losing a fortune with the fall in the price of Tesla’s shares and everything indicates that Your departure as Executing arm of mass dismissals In the United States it will be sooner rather than later. Uncertainty. The truth is that fluctuation in the price of shares Between advertisement and counting related to the tariffs filed between the United States and China they obey the volatility of Tesla shares and the response of investors guided by the latest news rather than to the real economic background of the company. However, it is true that deliveries in Q1 of 2025 have been very bad. In China they seem to have recovered the usual rhythm after modernizing the … Read more

We already knew that Spanish wine was on its way to collapse. What we didn’t know was that drought was going to accelerate it so much

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At this point of 2025, say that Spanish wine is on its way to disaster It cannot surprise Nobody. However, it is inevitable that, reading phrases like that, let’s think it is exaggerating. Soon we examine the data, we see that the coup can become huge. Two news that is better understood together. The first is from July 25, 2024: The earliest harvest Within Jerez’s framework since there are historical records. That is to say, For more than 130 years. As the winemakers themselves said, They saw that “In July the grape was already at its optimal point (the 10.5º Baumé demanded) and that if we expected more I was going to lose weight and deteriorate.” The second news is a couple of months later: the production of wine from the United Kingdom has doubled in a very short time and, in fact, the surface planted with vines has increased 75% in the last five years. This is very rare in a place where (despite have vineyards from Roman times and produce commercially since the 60s) the vines have never been good for cold and bad weather. Both news are the beam and the underside of a huge problem: the huge impact that climate change in the main wine regions of Europe has. And, especially, in Spain. A global problem that affects us especially. Traditionally, there are two planetary areas indicated for the cultivation of the vine: the one between the 30th and 50th parallels of the northern hemisphere and that located between the 30th and 40th in the south. The problem is that, like The National Institute for Agronomic Research predicted In France, around 2100 those areas will be completely blurred with the double “very warm” days of the historical average. According to a study published in Nature Reviews Earth & Environment In March 2024up to 70% of the current wine -producing regions could face a substantial risk to lose their suitability for viticulture. In that drawer we are. In Spain, as defends happiness in Herralde, researcher at the Institute for Agrifood Research and Technology of Catalonia, towards the end of the century “the water deficit could reach 200 liters per square meter.” That is, in many wine areas “half of the rainwater that is now available in a year may be missing.” Things are changing. “I have gone from harvesting to do it in a short sleeve and always looking at the sky. My father does not remember in all his youth or a hail storm and now they come to us in September shattering the harvest and even in spring, sweeping that of that year And the next one, because it takes all the yolks “, explained in Rioja2 Berta Valgañónfarmer and producer of the denomination of qualified origin Rioja. And when we say that “time is crazy” we are not entirely aware of what it implies. As Olivia García pointed out “In winter it does not snow, (…) in February it is hot and the plants begin to sprout before but the risk of frosts extends to May (…). In spring it hardly rains and summer is totally dry.” The result is that, when “the harvest arrives so hot that the level of sugar and acidity becomes totally unbalanced.” It is not uncommon. “In a reference period from 1972 to 2005 we have found that, for example, in the Penedès region the increase in average annual temperatures has already reached two and a half degrees,” explained of Herralde in the country. Estimates are terrifying. At the end of 2022, the Reading University published a report where it was concluded that “a fifth of the United Kingdom could have adequate climatic conditions to cultivate Chardonnay grapes in 2050”. But instead, “according to A study conducted over 15 years In vineyards from different areas of the world, 90% of current cultivation areas will not be suitable within a few years. “ To this we must add the problem of water. Not only is water missing at very important specific moments, but As Jordi Pastor defendedmost winemakers already grow with an amount of water lower than optimal. As with the olive tree, the agricultural strategy is to migrate production towards irrigation and, in fact, while 20 years ago the percentages of irrigated vine Today I already touched 50%. And yet, the situation is very complicated … With the available data of the denominations of Catalan origin, we can say that sprouting and flowering are being advanced around 11 days compared to half a century ago. But in addition, “the main cycles of the vineyard (sprouting, flowering, curd, envre and harvest) are faster, those phases are shorter.” Is What we saw too Within the framework of Jerez and In the rest of wine areas from Spain, Greece, Italy or southern California. France, much less affected, too He has seen him The ears to the wolf. … that goes beyond the future. This April, Freixenet presented an ERTE for 615 workers for drought. As they explainedit was an “exercise of responsibility” to “guarantee the operability of the business” in the face of grapes due to the lack of rain. Regardless of the details of that specific case, the truth is that the labor, financial and industrial ramifications The problem is here. And he will not go anywhere. How do we do the wine? “Spain will be a little suitable place to make wine, which means that wine production will not become impossible, but it will be increasingly difficult according to the degree of global warming,” defended Sébastien Zitoresearcher at the Institute of Vineyard Sciences and Burgundy Wine. He is right. Therefore, the world of wine Work already in a hurry for looking for solutions. And the truth is that the struggle to maintain profitability is not the only problem. After all, this environmental pressure also attacks the personality itself of the wines. Can Spanish wines survive while being themselves on the way? Image | Trent Erwin | Climate Resanalyzer In … Read more

The risk of collapse of the Ría de Arousa

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Seafood “Made in Galicia” has jumped today The headlines of The Guardianbut for a reason that will hardly glad any of the workers who are dedicated to slaughter on their coasts to collect berobe, clam or mussel. In a public act and with official data In hand, Platform in Defense Da Ría de Aruous (Pdra), brotherhoods and groups of mussel producers have just launched a ‘sos’ in the face of the collapse of the amount of seafood they extract from the estuary. Their data reflects a clear billing fall, but also something else: in its coastal strip today much clam, shoes and mussels that years ago. What happened? That in the Ría de Aruous, The most extensive from Galicia and usually generous In mollusks and crustaceans, a full -fledged ‘SOS’ has just launched. A few days ago the Platform in Defense Da Ría (PDRA), Brotherhoods and professionals in the musical sector organized a press conference To share a series of data that reflect to what extent the catches have lowered on their coasts. They are not the first to raise their voice. The sector has already Some time handling data worrying At the regional level. Two months ago Vigo lighthouse He informed that the sector has had to deal with the worst mussel harvest of the decade, with a 23% drop in 2023; and in October The Galician mail He spoke that in the Galician markets a 46% less octopus had been auctioned, attending to their weight. DATA FOR REFLECTION. The data broken down by the brotherhoods and PDRA are strong enough to have called attention of the British press. And rightly. Beyond the prick of sales, which in 2024 stayed in 69 million In the rains of the estuary, far from the average of 85.2 million recorded the previous five years, the seafood collection balances are alarming. In 2024 the production of berobe descended to minimums, with a 93.7% drop with respect to the average of the 2019-2023 five-year period. In net terms, he stayed in just 19 tons. And things were not much better in the captures of fine and slug clam. If compared to the same period, more than 85%were reduced. In general, the production of bivalve fell 44.7% With respect to the 2019-2023 period. “Progressive deterioration”. For the pdra the reading that these figures leave is clear: they speak of a gradual degradation of the area, a reality of which they have been warning. ” “(The estuary) is suffering a progressive deterioration that is reflected year after year, in the loss of tons of bivalves, millions of euros, of Permex and with the seafood banks without recovery capacity”, They warn. World power. What happens on the Galician coast arouses interest beyond the autonomous community or Spain because, such as remember The Guardian and claims the own Xuntaits sector plays a key role internationally. “Galicia is the first world power in cultivation and marketing of mussels and is placed second after China in terms of production and extraction of this bivalvo,” they point out from the regional executive before recoding that by their coast they are distributed 3,337 batsmost in the Aruous estuary. Of them usually starts around 40% of the European production of the Bivalvo. A campaign to forget. The balance for those responsible for managing the bats is not precisely flattering either. Waiting for last year’s final data, 2023 left a balance of 178,065 tons of mussels sold for just under 120 million euros, the lowest figure in the last quarter of the century, Remember eldiario.esand far from the good results harvested in 2022. Xunta herself recognizes that it is normal for the bats to be distributed by Galicia every year more than 250,000 tons. And what is the reason? Producers They speak of the contamination generated by the wastewater treatment stations (WWTP) and spills of the factories, a diagnosis in which Marta Martín-Borregón seems to coincide, by Greenpeace Spain, in statements a The Guardian. “The main cause is the contamination from the waste expressed to the estuary, coming from agriculture and factories, such as canvas.” “The waters of the estuar are normally cold and the currents contribute many nutrients. With the warm -up of the seafood there are no assembly in warm waters.” That scenario, Martín-Boregón emphasizesit goes especially to the mussels and threatens the “collapse” of the sector dedicated to the marshal. When analyzing the fall in production of bats They are usually pointed out the lack of seed and the high temperature. “We need to help us”. The phrase It is on this occasion of María del Carmen Besada Meis, responsible for the Fishermen’s Brotherhood of San Martiño, in the Ría de Arousa, and that these days he shared his frustration with the British press. In his opinion one of the keys to the situation with which they have to deal with is Climate change And the torrential rains of recent years, but cries out: “What we would like is for someone to come and do adequate investigation.” “We are shellfish, we do not know what the solution is, so we need scientists to help us,” emphasize. Hence, Pdra, Brotherhoods and Mussel producers demand the Xunta de Galicia that intervene “urgently” in the sanitation and regeneration of the Ría de Arousa. Those affected demand that the problem addresses “Serious” And they show their rejection of two projects that, according to their critics, would affect the regional ecosystem: the Altri plant projected in Palas de Rei and the Tour and pine mine. Images | Jose Luis Cernadas Iglesias (Flickr), Juantiagues (Flickr) and Manuel MV (Flickr) In Xataka | Spain loves Galician Cigalas very much. So much that it has taken them practically to extinction

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