Month: August 2025

Microsoft prefers its own 7 that a 10 of OpenAi. The 13,000 million invested in Openai have just gosses meaning

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Microsoft has launched Mai-1his first model of the fully developed at home. This In the 13th position of Lmarenabelow those of Anthropic, Depseek, Google and, of course, OpenAi. It is not the best model and is not even close, but that could be exactly what Satya Nadella had in mind. Why is it important. Technological do not need absolute excellence to master markets. They need control, integration and margins. Microsoft has understood it since the time of MS-DOS: it is better to have a sufficiently good product than to depend on the excellence of others. Windows was never the best operating system. Internet Explorer was not the best browser. Excel is the best, but it took years to overcome Lotus 1-2-3. All, in any case, ended up dominating their markets because Microsoft controlled development, distribution and, above all, integration with the rest of their ecosystem. The money trail. The 13,000 million that Microsoft has invested in Openai They begin to seem less one bet and more a university enrollment. Microsoft has paid for: Early access to GPT technology while building its own infrastructure. Time to learn what works in the pressure of being pioneers. Instant credibility of offering “the best model” through COPILOT. A perfect excuse to build large gpus clusters that now uses for Mai-1. Suleyman has made it clear: they have trained Mai-1 with 15,000 gpus H100 (Grok uses 100,000, to compare) and have a new generation GB200 cluster operational. This infrastructure was not built to run OpenAi models. It was built for this. The current situation. Mai-1 does not compete in gross abilities. But it has advantages that Openai can never offer: Microsoft completely controls development. They can optimize it specifically for Windows, Office and Azure without asking anyone permission. They can adjust costs, latency and capabilities according to their exact needs. The voice is important. Mai-Voice-1 generates a minute of audio in less than a second with a single GPU. They do not need to be the best in text processing if they dominate The interface they believe of the future: The voice. Yes, but. A model in the 13th position remains a model in the 13th position. Business users who pay thousands of dollars for co -pilot surely expect the best, not “good enough.” Microsoft knows it and that’s why they are not replacing GPT-5 immediately. Mai-1 is gradually introduced in “specific use cases” while improving. This is its 1.0 version. GPT-5 is the fifth great iteration of OpenAI. They have room to grow. The decisive moment. The true test will come when Microsoft has to choose: renew the agreement with OpenAi or bet on their own models? With Mai-1, Microsoft has shown that it has a viable alternative. It does not need to be better than GPT-4. You just need to be good enough for the 250,000 million annual revenues of Microsoft not depending on Sam Altman’s whims. In a negotiation, the best position is to be able to get up from the table. Microsoft has just bought the chair. In Xataka | China’s self -sufficiency test in chips for AI is already here: it has not bought Nvidia or a single H20 GPU in the last quarter Outstanding image | Microsoft

Nvidia has become the most important company in the world. His problem is that he has all the eggs in the same basket

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In Nvidia everything goes on wheels, but Not even enough for Wall Street. The latest quarterly results report has once again demonstrated Eun Eun Exceptional Power, but be careful. The most important company in the world –by stock marketat least – has an Achilles heel. A dangerous concentration of customers. He Official document With the financial results, it refers to a “risk of concentration” of the great clients of Nvidia. The situation is really worrying, because Six customers They accumulate 85% of all income from the company: 10,750 million dollars – Customer A (23% of total ingreoss) 7,480 million dollars – Customer B (16%) 6,540 million dollars – Customer C (14%) 5,140 million dollars – Customer D (11%) 5,140 million dollars – Customer E (11%) 4,670 million dollars – Customer F (10%) The problem goes more, no less. If we only look at the two most important customers, A is responsible for 23% of Nvidia and B revenues of 16%: 39% of income therefore come from only two clients. A year ago the two largest Nvidia clients were responsible for 14% and 11% of income, 25% in total. These data raise an inevitable question: who is who in that client cast. And the answer is not simple. Direct customers … Nvidia makes a distinction between those clients to whom he refers to the document, and that are divided into two large groups, the first is that of direct customers, which are not end users of their chips, but companies that buy the chips and that mounted them in complete systems or on plates that then sell to data centers, infrastructure suppliers in the cloud or final cloud. Among the examples, they indicate In CNBCwould be Foxconn, Quanta or Dell. … and indirect customers. This is where those companies would enter that we are all thinking and use these chips – which they buy from direct customers – in Your gigantic data centers. Microsoft, Openai, Meta, Google, Tesla/Xai and Meta – and even Oracle – are clear candidates, but again, it is impossible to know for sure who is on that list of great buyers. But the two most important are direct. What they do indicate in Nvidia is that customer A and B are direct customers, so they are not theoretically none of those great technological ones. But those definitions of Nvidia are somewhat diffuse, and the company states that some direct customers buy chips to create systems for their own use, so Any of the Big Tech I could enter that definition. To curl the curl, Nvidia said that two of its indirect clients each of them were responsible for 10% of their total income, but above all through the purchase of systems from customers A and B. OpenAI in the pools. In Nvidia they talked about “an AI research and development company” contributed with a “significant” amount of income both through direct and indirect customers. Here are more candidates, but one of the strongest would be Openai, especially now that he is working In the Stargate project. But the situation is dangerous. Be as it may, depending on both so few clients is delicate and creates a dangerous dependency chain. Thus, Nvidia depends on intermediaries that in turn They depend on a handful of technological giants. The company’s destination is in the hands of two buyers who represent almost 40% of their business, but the risk is not only for Nvidia, but for the entire technological ecosystem that depends on their chips. There are not only companies, there are countries buying gpus. Another of the curious data of this report is the one that tells us about how Some foreign governments They are also buying chips massively. In fact, the company expects to enter 20,000 million dollars in these “Sovereign” projects with countries that try to create their own models and artificial intelligence infrastructure. Image | Sharon Waldron edited with Google Gemini In Xataka | Microsoft had a saved secret. His new AI model for Copilot is the clearest statement against Openai’s domain

What is really happening with AI and mental health

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A woman named Kendra has gone viral in Tiktok. The reason? It is probably the first case of psychotic outbreak fed by the AI ​​we are seeing live and direct. A teenager He discussed his suicide plans with chatgpt and His parents have sued Openai. They are only two recent cases, but there are more and more news that blames the cause of provoking delusions or even deaths. We already saw that reality is much more complexbut it is clear that there is a debate on the effects of AI on our mental health. What is happening? The Adam Raine case. They tell it in the New York Times. Adam began using Chatgpt to help him with his homework, but later his conversations took a dark turn. After his death, his father reviewed his mobile and discovered that he had been asking the details about how to commit suicide. Although Chatgpt identified the messages as dangerous and insisted several times to seek help, Adam managed to skip these warnings by telling him that he was not really going to do it, but was collecting information for a story he wanted to write. His parents have sued Openai arguing that the AI ​​validated the “most harmful and self -destructive thoughts” of his son. The Kendra case. Since the beginning of August, Kendra is one of the hottest conversation issues in Tiktok. It all started when, in a series of several tens of videos, he told how his psychiatrist had manipulated her to fall in love with him. For the situations he narrates, for experts it is evident that Kendra suffers some kind of personality disorder. The striking thing is that he constantly went to Chatgpt, whom he nicknamed “Henry”, to validate his delusions. Arrived a point, Chatgpt did not tell him what he wanted to hear and began to use Claude, the AI ​​of Anthropic. Kendra does not consider that its use of AI is dangerous, on the contrary: in This video ensures that it is a prophecy. Worry. AI is in the spotlight for many reasons and the impact it can have on our mental health is one of them. Cases like those we have described are the most striking because of how alarming they are, but they are not so common. There are other use cases, such as the tendency to resort to AI as if it were a psychologist wave Emotional dependence caused by the apps of “Companions AI”that they are popularized and have aroused a wave of concern. New studies are also emerging in this problem, such as East of Stanford University which concluded that therapy chatbots They tend to be complacent and in cases of risk they can reinforce delusions instead of questioning them (as in the case of Kendra). The response of authorities and defense groups It has not been expected. Alarm voices. The American Psychology Association (APA) met with the US authorities to give the alarm to the growing use of psychological therapy chatbots. The organization expressed its Concern against deceptive practices like the chatbots that are passed through real therapists. They demand education campaigns to inform consumers and that applications integrate mandatory security measures for users who are in crisis. The ‘Center for the Fight against Digital Hate’ has also demanded a stricter regulation. In his Report ‘Fake Friend’ They presented how fragile the safeguards of the chatbots IA, all from the point of view of a vulnerable teenager (the case of Adam Raine is a clear example of this). They ask that the age verification be enforced, that designs that manipulate emotionally and make independent audits of the IA tools are prohibited. They are not the only ones. There are more organizations that are alerting this problem as Mental Health Europethe WHO And even the General Council of Psychology of Spain. Legal measures in the US. Although you still cannot talk about a federal regulation, there are already several states that have taken measures. This is the case of Illinois, where a Law that prohibits the use of AI in psychological therapy. In Utah they have opted for a more transparency oriented approach and In their law they establish that users must be informed Clearly when they are talking to an AI. In New York they have prepared A law that will enter into force in November and will require that the partners notify users repeatedly that they are interacting with a non -human entity. In addition, these colleagues must have a system that detects risk of self -injury or suicide and remits users to help lines. In California there are A law proposal that wants to prohibit “interaction maximization strategies that emotionally manipulate users.” If it ends up, it would be the first law that regulates the design mechanisms that encourage the dependence of these tools. And the European Union? In Europe we have the AI ​​ACT that He entered into force a year ago. The law defines four risk levels With specific regulations for each one, including an “unacceptable risk” that would lead to the prohibition of technology in question. In matters related to mental health there is nothing concrete, but In article 5 We see that it prohibits any system that uses “subliminal techniques” to manipulate people so that “causes that it causes physical or psychological damage.” The AI ​​is also prohibited to “infer emotions in people”, although it includes an exception if it is for therapeutic purposes, which is somewhat ambiguous. The measures of the companies of AI. In the case of companies, although practically all have some type of security for cases such as these, the reality is that Openai is the one who has detailed their measures most, partly because the success of Chatgpt makes them the ones who are usually in the spotlight. Let’s see what each one says: Chatgpt: After the news of Adam Raine’s suicide, OpenAI has confirmed that it will add additional parental and safeguard controlslike users can contact an emergency … Read more

It barely costs 2 euros per month

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We are very accustomed to buying online. It is really comfortable: we can “visit” dozens of stores without leaving home. The problem is that, taking into account that Cyber ​​attacks are increasingly commonthere is a possibility that Our data ends in the hands of criminals around the world. Even in regards to our bank information. Can this be fought in some way? The reality is that yes, being also very simple if we use a VPN. There are free options that can get us out of trouble at some point, but better bet on a payment that is quality. There enters surfshark: A VPN that barely costs 1.99 euros a month. Surfshark Starter Subscription – Monthly * Some price may have changed from the last review Buy on the Internet safely with a VPN Free VPN, as we have said above, are very useful. The problem is that, at the time of truth, they work slowing down our Internet traffic. If we take into account how cheap we get a VPN as surfshark, the truth is that it is very worth the investment. It is a small price that, in return, gives us A very useful and simple VPN to useboth on PC and mobile devices. In fact, speaking of devices, we will not have any problem. With a single subscription to this VPN we have the possibility of install it in an unlimited number of devices. In this way, we can protect our Internet traffic wherever we are, it doesn’t matter if it is at home or in an unknown Wi -Fi network, such as a hotel. This tool is included in the Starter Plan, which is what the subscription is called. In addition to the VPN, the plan includes an additional tool that is called ALTERNATIVE ID. It is very useful: it serves to create a series of fictional data that we can use to register on websites where we do not want to give our real information. As we say, having a quality VPN barely costs 1.99 euros a month. In this way, having this starter plan for two whole years has a total price of 47.76 euros, a fairly attractive price if we take into account all the time we will have it with us. Although well, that time in practice is even greater, Since surfshark offers three extra monthsso it will really be 27 months. Some of the links of this article are affiliated and can report a benefit to Xataka. In case of non -availability, offers may vary. Images | Sumup in Unspash In Xataka | Why it is dangerous to connect to public wifis and what you should do to protect yourself In Xataka | Antivirus in Windows 11: What are, differences between free and payment and the best for your PC

The data is at maximum, the hoteliers insist that there is crisis

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On their way to become The Great Resort From Europe, the Spanish tourism sector has encountered an unexpected dilemma: receives Many visitorsmany. So many in fact that he walks towards the barrier of the 100 million travelers International, but … does that translate into more money for hotels, restaurants and other businesses that live from tourism? In the hospitality they begin to rise voices that warn that no, a complaint that sounds with special strength in one of the most busy (and iconic) destinations throughout the country: Mallorca. And that is a problem. Accustomed to records. Talking about tourism in Spain for a long time is to make it of great figures. Even records. In 2024 the country He pulverized his brand of foreign visitors, this year aspires to overcome the barrier of one hundred million And there is studies that predict that in the medium term, by 2040, Spain will be the great ‘resort’ of the world, surpassing in an influx of tourists iconic destinations such as France, the United States or Italy. And the reality is that The data of demand that leave observatories such as the INE point in that direction. A growing sector. The information we have is still incomplete and there is a lot of year ahead, especially if we take into account that Christmas has gained weight as Tourist active In much of Spain, but the first data suggests that in 2025 the sector is maintaining its good streak. According to the INE tables, between January and July The country’s hotels hosted 67.1 million visitors (sum of national and foreign), 1.2% more than last year, which was already a good exercise for the sector. Overnight stays have also increased. And how is summer going? Promises. In July the flow of Spanish travelers grew by 1%, that of non -residents 2.1% and in general the hotels dispatched 1.8% more overnight that in the same month of 2024. The rates also respond well: the hotel price index grew up last month last month 5% in annual rate. The above are data that reflect only the “hotel establishments”, so they leave other accommodations with an important weight in the sector, but serve to have an initial idea of ​​how the campaign is evolving. Fantastic, right? Yes. And no. INE data reflect a growth trend, but over the last weeks voices have been heard They warn that the greatest influx of tourists is not always accompanied by a greater expense in hotels, restaurants, agencies, excursions and other sectors that feed on tourism. Although in June the INE did identify a sensitive increase (+5.5%) In the total expenditure of foreign tourists, a Google search arrives to understand that the photo in July is more diffuse or, at least, it changes from one region to another. Yesterday Vigo lighthouse explained How the main city of Galicia continues to earn visitors, although these are left less money in business. It is not something that happens only there. A few days ago We told you How in San Juan de Luz, in the French Basque Country, hoteliers are receiving a change in travelers’ habits, more and more given to make their own pícnics instead of going to eat at restaurants. In A statement released yesterday by hospitality in Spain, its president slides some data that, although confirming that the summer campaign is not being bad, it does not reach the forecasts of the industry. Businesses had their box 5% grow. And everything points that it will not be so. “Without meeting expectations”. “It is a good summer for tourism, but without meeting the expectations we had marked and the forecast we had with the first months of the year. It is true that we have more foreign tourists, it is true that there is a very considerable volume of tourists, but there is a change of trend. The average ticket in our establishments is going down,” José Almeida reflectsresponsible for hospitality in Spain, for whom this trend is explained by several factors, such as gradualization of national tourism, the increase in the cost of life or the influence of Tourist flats. Earrings from Mallorca. If there is a collective that is noticeable that summer is not marching as expected is that of the hoteliers of Mallorca. The Regional newspaper Last minuteBased in Palma, has published A good number of articles in which It echoes of the restlessness of the sector. In July the Hotel Business Federation of Mallorca (FEHM) warned of a puncture in the tourist influx in certain areas, especially in Capdepera and Sóller, and the president of Mallorca Caeb restoration even I went one step further: “This year will close hundreds of restaurants in Mallorca.” According to Your calculationson the island there are areas that have seen how the volume of diners collapsed a forceful 40%, which has even forced some restaurants to holiday their waiters in full high season. WELCOME, “Diesel tourists”. They are not the only comments that are heard in one of the great tourist destinations in Spain. Tourist transport refers A 20% drop in July and August, the Balearic Islands indicate a similar decrease in hiring excursions and nightlife speaks of lower collections in northern Mallorca or even Magaluf. “In Mallorca we have diesel tourists: they walk a lot and spend little,” Ironiza Recently Pepe lying, from CURTURthe Association of Tourist Merchants and Businessmen of Mallorca. What do the figures say? That something happens in Mallorca. Aena already gave a first clue when publishing her Traffic balance of July, which in a context of general growth wrote down a stagnation in the volume of palm passengers, with -0.1% less of traffic that during the same month last year. And now the most recent INE data on hotel occupancy corroborates it: in July the influx of travelers on the island of Mallorca fell a slight 1.22% and overnight stays 0.35%. The setback was more accentuated in Palma, while if we talked about the set of the … Read more

Nvidia is ready for the chip for the need to survive in China. Who is not ready to let him sell is the US government

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The journey in China of the Nvidia GPU for artificial intelligence (AI) H20 He has been full of ups and downs. Since this chip reached the Chinese market in mid -2024 its sales 50% quarter to quarter grewwhich positioned it as The most successful Nvidia product of recent years. However, this era of bonanza lasted little. And it is that in the middle of last April the US Department of Commerce decided impose export restrictions To China of the H20 GPU. After several weeks of negotiations with the US government Nvidia got the export license that he needed to sell his GPU for the H20 in China, but the joy lasted little. And it is that the Chinese government has vetoed this chip. And he has done so that the administration of the cyberspace of China, which is the main Internet regulatory body in this country, is thoroughly investigating this GPU because it suspects that it could incorporate a rear door of difficult location by Chinese experts. Nvidia engineers have been working on a new GPU for several months for expressly designed for the Chinese market. It will be called B30A And on his shoulders he will rest, neither more nor less, the future of the company led by Jensen Huang in China. This chip must necessarily meet two conditions. On the one hand it has to be more powerful than the GPU H20, and, in addition, it must satisfy the restrictions imposed by the US Department of Commerce. Otherwise Nvidia will not get the export license you need to be able to sell this chip in this Asian country. The future of the B30A GPU in China right now is uncertain Chinese companies that are dedicated to the development of large AI models are trapped. On the one hand they are being forced to deal with the export restrictions of the GPU imposed by the US government. And, in addition, they are subject to their own dependence on American technology. A priori the optimal solution for them would be to stop buying Nvidia and other US companies their chips for AI, and getting “comparable” GPUs proposed by Huawei, Change either Moore Threadsamong other Chinese companies. Jensen Huang has just recognized that his next GPU will take to arrive in the country led by Xi Jinping However, as explained in your article to Foreign Policy The American analyst Kyle Chan, the scenario they face is more complicated than it seems. And it is that abandoning Nvidia in practice is very difficult. According to ChanTencent, Bytedance, Alibaba and other Chinese companies They prefer GPUs for Nvidia Because its performance is greater, especially when facing the training processes of their AI models. However, they especially opt for the chips of this American company thanks to CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture). Most of the AI ​​projects that are currently being developed are implemented on CUDA. This technology brings together the compiler and development tools used by programmers to develop their software for NVIDIA GPUs, and replace it with another option in the projects that are already underway it is a problem. Huawei, who aspires to an important portion From this market in China, it has Cann (Compute Architecture for Neural Networks), which is its alternative to CUDA, but for the moment CUDA dominates the market. In these circumstances, the B30A chip that is putting to point Nvidia has all the meaning of the world. Presumably It will be half powerful that the most advanced GPU this company currently has, The B300 chipbut, even so, it is reasonable to assume that will overcome performance of all the chips for the developed in China, especially when facing the training processes of the AI ​​models. This is the best asset that Nvidia has, but Jensen Huang has just recognized that its next GPU will take to arrive in the country led by Xi Jinping. And it will not be because it is not ready. It will be because the US Trade Department will take long to give it approval, if it finally gives it. What is happening to Nvidia in China is a full -fledged soap opera. Image | Nvidia More information | Reuters In Xataka | The US gives Huawei a great opportunity: to get its new chip for AI with the Nvidia market in China

Most of his audience is very young

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Leticia Sabater’s career has given us at least two surprises. Who was going to think that the girl who touched the kids “at noon, joy” in them say that glorious Spain of 1992 I was going to end up singing ‘La Salchipapa’. But there is double impact: who was going to tell us that the singer of ‘La Salachipapa’ was going to become a Kitsch icon from the wild Tecno, taking good revenues from her indescribable songs and filling fair enclosures with the summer agenda full of bowling? Well that: who was going to tell us. The mythical Telecinco. What to say about Telecinco of Xuxa’s timethe momchicho, ‘vip night’ and ‘speaking is understood the basca’. Well, there was also Leticia Sabater. In 1990 he presented his first children’s program, ‘Do not miss it’, with Enrique Simón, but since 1991 he has already started tumbos for different Telecinco programs: ‘Breakfast with joy’ (1991-1993), ‘At noon, joy’ (1992-1993) and ‘Live the Compis’ (1992). Although he would still present some more children’s program in TVE, they would be those that would give him fame, since it was the containers where successful series such as ‘Lupin’, ‘Knights of the Zodiac’ or ‘Super Mario Bros’ were issued. Serious things. When Telecinco left behind the times of ‘Oh what heat’ And he turned to a less strident program, Leticia Sabater’s career went through a hiatus from which he left in a program of the local Channel 7, ‘dangerous lies’ (among others such as ‘Danube Azul’, ‘Your second honeymoon’ or even a child, ‘snack with Leticia’). The result was a memorable shout showinsults and embarrassment on set remotely inspired, in local TV version (with all that implies) in another television cathodic legend, Jerry Springer’s program. Although Leticia’s career would still have rope on television, in many competitions, realities and special interventions, let’s stay with ‘dangerous lies’. That turn towards the adult public friend of the knife and the desire, and very aware of the calaña of what he is seeing gave him the key to the next step of his career. The sausage. Not a decade ago ‘The sausage‘He entered our lives, and it seems that he has always carried there. But who has almost always the music of Leticia, who launched a few success albums between children and youth audiences in her telecinquera stage, with successful themes such as’Your favorite neighbor‘. Since 2011 adult music is reoriented, with a trchante version of ‘He went away‘And issues clearly oriented to the gay market, such as’ Mr. Policeman ‘and’ Gay Universe ‘. However, nothing prepared us for the sauspapa, a virtually amateur production song and clearly oriented to conquer the throne of the summer song, Latin -style Latin -style subsection of King Africa, to which the song imitates without complexes. But it was a funny crash with Lalachus (who tweeted “for the fans of Kuala Lumpur de Leticia Sabater” and the artist, the artist, Thinking that he had insulted him“Huala Lampur replied will be your motherfucker”) what viralized ‘La Salchipapa’ arriving in the following days to three million views. New milestones. Since then, Leticia Sabater has tried ‘The Polvorrón‘, ’18 centimeters dad’ or ‘Brown me on the turkey‘, who musically approach the involuntary experimental pop of FLOS MARIAE. The funny thing is that despite being such a clear product of niche, Leticia Sabater has considerable popularity:. With One million followers on Instagramits concert agenda is always full: in the summer of 2024, for example, He gave 24 concerts only in Aragon. With a 2500 euro cache for a set of six songs, Leticia Sabater is far from being a Freak further. This is Leticia’s youth. Undoubted Millennial. That success is what has led him to put 10,000 people in a tent Installed in Biota, a town of 800 inhabitants, and the images of their concerts leave no doubt about their predication among the youngest. The ability to earn that audience comes, without a doubt, to embrace without complexes its category of Camp and Kitsch vehicle capable of transcending generations, becoming for example a meme with its Participation in the musical ‘fronze’ in a circusreplicating the success of Disney’s ‘Frozen’. Generation Z values ​​content that is authentically extravagant, not simulated, and flees from the cool poses spent Millennials and previous generations. Leticia Sabater’s ability to generate visceral reactions of laughter or rejection and his lack of pretensions give you a Halo of authenticity than the most young people appreciateinheriting the passion for internet culture by personality without filters Of so many Influencers. So much later, Leticia Sabater conquers the kid. Header | Leticia Sabater In Xataka | We already have a measure to determine whether the AI ​​or a human editor is faster: fried eggs with blue yolks

Science has divided us into two types of brewers

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He beer taste It is certainly quite peculiar. We are many people who agree that the first time we tried this drink, the taste Not that we would like muchbut that in the long run ended up. But tastes go further: there are people who He likes a beer guy and others prefer to opt for another type. Science wanted to give light on this. Confirming what was suspected. A recent study Made by a team of scientists from Ohio State University, it has shed light to what many thought, not everyone perceived the taste of beer in the same way. The investigation, presented at the meeting of the American Chemical Society in Washingtonreveals that whoever consumes beer is divided into two different fields, and everything is reduced to chemistry. An investigation as objective as possible. To get to this conclusion, the researchers recruited 135 beer enthusiasts and gave him 18 different types of beer Lager In three tasting sessions. These beers are characterized by using yeasts to Ferment at low temperature and that need a longer time to give the final result. The result is the characteristic transparent gold color. To guarantee objectivity, all beers had a similar percentage of alcohol and a similar level of bitterness. The participants evaluated in this characteristic case as the sweetness and intensity of the aroma, while the researchers used mass spectrometry to identify the chemical compounds that predominated in each of the beers. From here it was only crossing the data collected. Two divided factions. The results were surprising, since the tasters were divided into two very clear groups according to their preferences. A group preferred beers with more intense and complex flavors, while the other opted for the softest and most subtle. Interestingly, the beers that one group described as their favorites, the other placed them in the last positions of their ranking. A great disparity, which in the end makes sense in chemistry. What differentiates these two groups of ‘brewers’? The answer is in your sensitivity to certain chemical compounds. Intense flavors lovers showed a preference for the Furaneolwhich is a compound associated with the aroma of strawberries and jam. On the other hand, those who preferred the softest flavors bowed to the ETYL-3-methyltiopropionato that provides pineapple notes. This second group, in addition, showed an aversion at high doses of α-terpineol, a compound with pine aroma. Good news for the beer industry. These findings are not just a curiosity for beer fans, but also open a world of possibilities for the beer industry. According to Devin Peterson, researcher at Ohio State University and study director, “this research allows us to better adapt the products to the different consumer cohorts.” In this way, brewers could develop beers specifically designed to satisfy the palates of each of these two groups. The rise of craft beer in Spain. In a market like Spanish, where Artisanal beer is increasingly present in our day to daythis type of studies takes on a special relevance. Artisanal beer producers, which are characterized by their innovation and their search for unique flavors, could use this information to create new variables that fit consumer preferences. Although, the artisanal beer sector in Spain still represents a small portion of the total market, Its constant growth It shows that there is an increasingly interested audience in trying new things and getting out of traditional industrial beers. The key to success for these small brewers lies, to a large extent, in their ability to connect with consumers’ tastes and science can be a great ally in this regard. There is science behind what we know. The perception of flavor is a much more complex phenomenon than might seem to the naked eye. The neurogastronomya discipline that studies how our brain creates the perception of flavor, teaches us that this is a multisensory experience. Not only does taste influence, but also smell, sight, touch and even the ear. Our past expectations and experiences also play a crucial role. For example, the same wine can know different if we drink it in a plastic glass or in a glass, or if we know its price in advance. In the same way, the way we perceive a beer can be influenced by its label, the shape of the vessel or even the music we are listening to at that time. Images | Elevate In Xataka | The last extreme idea in beer fermentation has nothing to do with alcohol. It has to do with murderous bees

This is how companies live the Laliga IPS blockages

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In early March Fernando Arancón, director of The world orderHe noticed that his website ceased to be inaccessible. “At first the web fell and we didn’t know why,” he tells us. They soon knew the reason. The culprit was LaLigawho was ordering Mass and indiscriminate blockages of IPS of Cloudflare. They, like many other businesses based on online sites and platforms, use Cloudflare services to distribute their contents efficiently but also to protect themselves from bots attacks. Reputational damage matters, and much That, however, began to condemn them: “Every time there was an important game, the web fell”Although he points out that he did not do it for all users, logically because there were operators who did not apply those blockages so drastically. From that moment on, Arancón explains that “there are weeks in which we have four days the fallen website in the most traffic hours.” They especially notice it on weekends, but also when there are Champions. Fortunately for them the impact is somewhat less than that it might think because “we do not have many advertising income, we rely on the subscription model”, but still that impact exists. “We cannot quantify the impact,” he explained to us, because there is no easy way to do it and measure how many subscriptions have not been completed because they do not have the website available, but It is evident that the impact exists and “it is embedded in the windows in which these great matches are broadcast.” But what they received, especially at the beginning, were complaints. Their subscribers contacted them to launch messages of the type “go service, I pay for this?”, What of course worried those responsible for this medium. “At first we had to do an important exercise to explain to the audience what was happening.” That effort had its result, because “people have ended up understanding.” 30% less traffic The problem affects many more legitimate businesses. He told us about it Uxío Fraga (@Uxio_ntc), founder and CEO of Bitcoin materiala company that has created a bitcoin purse. As in the case of Arancón, Fraga explained that they began to notice the cuts from the beginning, in March: “It was very clear that something happened.” Initially they thought it was a passenger problem. “We thought it would be solved, that Cloudflare would take action,” but little by little they realized that the problem was not cloudflare, but rather of LaLiga and the operators, which not only did not maintain the IPS blocks, but that they were increasing them. For Bitcoin material, which lives from the sales of its Bitcoin wallets, the impact has been enormous. “In weekends, traffic falls 30%”stood out, and that logically affects access to a store on which they depend and in which they cannot sell their products if the web is not accessible. As in other types of business, the problem for Fraga is that there are no easy ways to solve the problem. Cloudflare has become a giant that is especially useful when avoiding attacks on service denial (DDOS) and other types of attacks made with bots. They are considering trying to Google CDN, but doing so is a technical challenge and they don’t know if that can be the solution. Meanwhile, yes, Fraga showed his concern about the situation: “That a judge has given white letter to this is an aberration“Fortunately, your user and customer community is very faithful and have not received complaints although the issue is commented, but once again the impact is there and there is little that those affected, whether companies or not, can do. They tell thunder. This well -known company develops products oriented to the NAS segment, but these days it is also noticing the impact of the problem. There are several users who have complained about the impossibility of using the products properly, and the firm itself ended up denouncing the problem and trying to explain to users what was happening. There are many users trying to inform the general public with Complaints and comments at X When these blockages are produced. In LaLiga not only do they seem to have reinforced their attacks, but they are legally threatening Cloudflare customers that share IPS with IPTV service websites that are used to watch football illegitimately. The operators, meanwhile, continue to respond to customer complaints explaining that the blockages do not depend on them, and that they are obliged to meet the requirements of justice. A justice that already He dismissed the Amparo resources presented by rootedcon and cloudflare separately and still does not raise solutions. The legal process, now in the hands of the consitional courtit can be extended remarkably. The solution to the problem for those affected is too risky: if they deactivate cloudflare on their platforms They are exposed to cyber attacks They can end up being even more harmful to their businesses, so they are usually with their hands tied. For users, yes, The solution is very simple: It is enough to use a VPN – even one free – to geolocate its IP simulated in another country and thus skip these blockages, which only affect Spanish IPS shared in Cloudflare. In Xataka | “Every time there is football, the website falls”: the collateral effects of LaLiga blockages in thousands of users

Telework promised freedom to work from anywhere. Finance and cybersecurity have cut off his wings

by

Although teleworking has lost some bellows In recent months, It has consolidated as a common option for many companies that offer flexibility and balance Between personal and professional life. However, as pointed out in A publication From LinkedIn Sandra Díaz González, Cazatalantos and Human Resources consultant, it is common for companies to condition that flexibility demanding that remote work is always done from the same place. It is not a whimthese limitations respond to various legal, organizational and security reasons that companies are obliged to comply with. Continuous or sporadic remote work. First of all, it is possible to make a distinction between the teleworking that is carried out constantly and full -time, of the one that takes place sporadicallyhow can it be During the summer or at specific times. Both require a previous agreement Between the company and the worker, but these conditions can become more restrictive as the case may be. In the first case, when the teleworking develops full -time, companies are much more restrictive in terms of the place from which it works since, as we will designate later, security factors, taxation or availability must be taken into account. OK To what is published by Self -employed and entrepreneursNot communicating the change of address from which teleworking can lead to a dismissal appointed by the Superior Court of Justice of Madrid. In the second case, in which teleworking is done occasionally, it will be enough for which company and employee establish a series of basic communications security measures given the sporadic character of remote work. Telework without risks. Law 10/2021, also known as Teleworking Lawit establishes that companies must take responsibility for the Occupational Risk Prevention even when that work is done at a distance. This implies evaluating and guaranteeing that the space from which telework meets the necessary conditions for Protect health and safetyof the employee in the same way that is done in the office. The company is obliged to verify that the job at home or in another fixed place is properly equipped and that the environment does not generate health risks No work accidents. These demands explain the need for the teleworking place to always be predictable and known by the company, avoiding changing spaces that hinder these measures. Communications and data security. Another fundamental reason why some companies condition the teleworking to be made from a fixed place is the Sensitive information protection and security in digital communications. Connect from the wifi network of a cafeteria, a hotel or a library does not always guarantee Data safety that are transmitted or of the servers to which it is connected, as the Cybersecurity Guide on Teleworking Published by INCIBE. Data protection regulations require that companies can implement controls that guarantee the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the data that are handled, more when working outside the central offices. To mitigate that risk, companies must facilitate Security software and establish limits for those incoming connections that are made from unregistered locations. Taxation for digital nomads. Teleworking allows employee to live anywhere in the world. However, the company must submit certain tax criteria when that employee has its Residence in another countrygenerating Additional tax obligations and possible legal conflicts. This consideration does not apply when an employee works remotely during a punctual trip, but when it takes place for a good part of the year. In that scenario, the Treasury could consider that the employee does not reside in the country and apply a different fiscal policy. Such and as they explain From the union to use, this situation would also lead to the company incurring a breach of the cross -border teleworking laws for social security contribution. For these reasons, many companies limit the possibility of teleworking under the condition of doing so within the national territory, thus avoiding economic sanctions and administrative problems. Teleworking near the office. The model of hybrid work It is the most used by companies that offer job flexibility to their employees, allowing them to work between one and four days remote, but maintaining a certain level of face -to -face in the office. By establishing that teleworking is always from a place near the office (the same city or community), the company ensures the Logistics and Organizational Management of its template at the time of Schedule meetings or corporate events. In Xataka | Digital nomadic visas: the countries hook to attract the best digital talent without paying the cost to keep them Image | Unspash (Johnny Africa)

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