Month: May 2025

Temu has been an advertising reef for years for the US Big Tech. That ended

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In February 2024, the 58th edition of the Super Bowl was held, and during the break a very special announcement was issued. It was titled ‘Shop Like A Billionaire‘(‘ Buy as if you were a billionaire ‘) and published it Temuthe Chinese e -commerce giant. That turned out to be a swan song more than anything else, because this Chinese company (along with others like Shein) now has a very complicated future in the United States. Temu’s advertising expenditure on Big Tech collapses. As revealed In The New York Timesin the two -week period that began on March 31, Temu spent 31% less on Facebook advertising on Facebook, Instagram, Tiktok, Snap, X and YouTube of what did it on average on those platforms in the previous 30 days. The data are from the Consultant Sensor Tower, who also stressed that Shein also lowered her advertising investment: 19% those two weeks compared to the average in recent periods. Temu and Shein spent barbarity. Both companies were two of the large sources of advertising of the US Big Tech. According to The Wall Street JournalTemu invested 2,000 million dollars in advertising in goal in 2023, and was also one of the great advertisers in Google. In The New York Times they cited an equally striking estimate: according to Bernstein Research data, Temu spent 3,000 million dollars in marketing in 2023. Picture drop. But the panorama has changed radically. On April 5 Temu represented 19% of all ads published in Google Shopping in the US, but that figure fell to 0% a week later. Shein went from 20% to early 0% on April 16, according to data from the Tinuiti consultant. Apps fall into rankings. So far the mobile apps of Temu and Shein used to be among the 10 most downloaded in the United States. Now his popularity is falling, and they have left that top 10. Target warns. Susan Li, CFO of Meta, said in a recent conference with investors that some Chinese electronic commerce companies – without specifying – had reduced their advertising expenditure. Last year Chinese advertisers generated 18.4 billion dollars of target revenues. That represented 11% of the total and twice what was achieved in 2022. Pessimism is spread. Snap indicated after presenting financial results that “a subset of advertisers” had cut the advertising expenditure due to changes in shipments to the US. They did not want to provide estimates for the current quarter indicating that tariffs generated uncertainty. Google also showed its concern: its business director, Philipp Schindler, explained that changes with “obviously causing a slight setback to our advertising business in 2025”. The end of “of minimis“. Donald Trump, president of the United States, He signed in April an executive order for which the rule is put in the end of minimis. This exception has allowed for years that packages with value below $ 800 can enter the United States without paying taxes. It is a mechanism that platforms such as Shein or Temu have used to offer really competitive prices in their merchandise, but others such as Amazon, Etsy or Ebay have also benefited. Trump already warned. In February, the US government began its particular tariff war against China, imposing 10% tariffs on all types of Chinese merchandise. The end of the exception of minimis -carrying almost a century Activa – was actually an announced death, and its impact is huge, both in China and in the US. Trump momentarily suspended the exception then, but it is now when it is disabled indefinitely. Temu stop sending to the US. The Executive Order has caused Temu stop all shipments from China to US buyers. As they point out In CNBCa CNBC spokesman has indicated that all sales in that country are now managed by local sellers and are completed from the country itself, precisely to prevent tariffs from affecting those sales. Before the change, buyers tried to buy Temu products sent from China They faced each other At “import rates” between 130 and 150%, which caused many of those products to fold their price. Image | Goal | Freerlaw In Xataka | Chinese companies have found a “shortcut” to dodge US tariffs: re -estate in South Korea

an old F16 fleet that do not fly

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Last week, what the United States had been chasing since Trump was re -elected president. Washington reached an agreement around access and mineral exploitation Strategic and rare earths of Ukraine. Under the same, the United States obtains preferential rights and investment capacity On the natural resources of the nation (including titanium, zirconium, graphite, gas, oil and manganese) in a framework that aims to boost the reconstruction of the country devastated by war, without imposing any debt to Kyiv. For its part, the United States has reactivated help in the conflict. A new pact. The main instrument will be The so -called Investment Fund for the United States – Ucrania reconstruction, a binational entity with the same representation of both parties that will manage new licenses without affecting pre -existing companies or previously compromised budgets. For the Ukrainian authorities, the agreement represents a Investment -based alliancetechnology and shared autonomy, not in economic subordination. The logic of the agreement. One of the most striking elements of the pact is the explicit elimination of any type of Debt obligation from Ukraine to the United States. This gesture dissipates, a priori, Trump’s recurring criticisms about the “lack of compensation” for US military assistance, encrypted by the president in 350 billion dollars (figure “something” different from other levels). Ukrainian Minister of Economy, Yulia Svydenko, stressed that the agreement The legal status does not change of public or private companies of the extractive sector and that the income of the fund will be nourished only from new licenses, ensuring that current public funds will not be touched. Technology and deterrence. Although the agreement did not detail explicit commitments on military aid, both the official narrative and political statements They already pointed to a renewed willingness to support by the Trump administration. For Zelenski, the agreement opens the door to sustained flows of investment and technological transfer not only for economic development but also For defensive purposes. Svydenko indicated that the United States will help attract Key technologies that support the fight against Russia, with possibilities open to projects such as air defense systems. From Washington, the message is unequivocal: the agreement is also an instrument of strategic pressure and firm alignment in front of Moscow. Treasury Secretary Scott Besent declared that the firm represents A clear sign to the Kremlin that the United States bets in the long term for a free, sovereign and prosperous Ukraine. Trump, meanwhile, defended the pact as a way to protect US investment and reinforce the Ukrainian position in front of a “much larger and more powerful” Russia. The first “package”, in fact, It is on its way. F-16 unusable. Yes, the United States has begun to send to Ukraine F-16 fighters retired and non -operational, stored in his famous “Boneyard” of Arizona. The underlying idea is that these are used as a source of crucial spare parts for the growing F-16 fleet donated by European countries. The gesture, confirmed by the American Air Force after the appearance of images that showed involved and partially dismantled fuselages being loaded in a AN-124 Ukrainian In Tucson, it marks a new stage in the complex maintenance logistics that requires the use of these veteran Western fighters in active combat against Russia. The sent aircraft lack essential components such as engines, radars or wings, which makes them unusable in flight, but their value resides in the pieces they do, many of which are scarce in Europe. Transportation, destined for Rzesów-Jjaka, the Key Logistics Center In southeastern Poland for the transit of military aid to Ukraine, it reinforces the hypothesis that these F-16 will be integrated into the support system and not into the operational inventory. An international fleet. It is estimated that Ukraine will receive up to 85 F-16 in flight conditions: 24 from Netherlands, 19 of Denmark, 12 of Norway (which will also donate 10 additional exclusively for spare parts) and 30 promised by Belgium. However, part of these aircraft will go to pilot training at the F-16 formation center in Romania, which further reduces direct availability for combat. Before the loss of units in the front (two fighters They have already been shot downwith the death of their pilots In defensive missions) and the logistics difficulty involved in maintaining an old aircraft fleet, the supply of fuselages dismantled from the United States represents a strategic relief in terms of maintenance, although it does not expand direct offensive capacity. Configuration and tactical capacity. The F-16 Ukrainians have been deployed both in Air-Aire and Aire-Fetierra missions, using missiles AIM-9X and AIM-120 AMRAAM for air defense, in addition to GBU-39/B guided bombs mounted in Racks Bru-61which allows them a capacity Surgical of in -depth attack. Configurations have also been seen with three external fuel tanks, necessary to maximize autonomy in the absence of aerial refueling, and electronic warfare systems such as The AN/ALQ-131that reinforce survival in hostile environments. Units include internal electronic improvements specialized in threat detection and display of countermeasures. Cemetery of fighters as a vital source. The Base Davis-Monthanwhere the official “Boneyard” Air Force is located, still retains hundreds of F-16 fuselages in a variable state. Namely: 150 of model A, 27 of B, 143 of C and 22 of the D, although much of them are not suitable for flying again. Many of the reusable specimens have been diverted to functions such as aggressive airplanes for the Navy and the Air Force or converted into aerial targets QF-16 For training. Moreover, this progressive exhaustion of useful stocks has caused even the United States to extend the useful life of active service, while resisting, for now, the idea of ​​delivering blasting units to Ukraine. Limited supplies. Plus: the slowness in the delivery of F-16 by European allies, such as He has recognized Belgiumis due in large part to the shortage of spare parts. The technical demand that involves putting these fighters (even more so in a previously structured Air Force around Soviet platforms) converts the arrival of parts into an urgent need. … Read more

Spain wants to be the paradise of the data centers. The blackout has complicated that ambition

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Spain aspired to be The great HUB of data centers in Europetaking advantage of our surplus electrical capacity and the abundant physical space that we have available outside the large metropolitan areas. But The recent national blackout has exposed the structural vulnerabilities that could make this ambition derail, as analyzed The confidential. Why is it important. The data centers could attract up to 49,000 million euros in investments, representing a new form of industrialization for a country that has seen its traditional productive fabric diminish. In figures: The contradiction. The Spanish model has A difficult tension to solve that the blackout has put on the table: On the one hand, the commitment to renewable, necessary but variable. On the other hand, the nuclear abandonment plan, precisely those that give stability to the network. Yes, but. The data centers exceeded the blackout, as well as hospitals or radio stations, thanks to their support generators. However, the risk is in the perception of international investors. Seeing that a national blackout is a real possibility in Spain because it has already happened is something that can make them question their reliability about the Spanish system from something as basic as the energy supply. The competition. France, neighboring country, is the most notable rival: it is developing A data gigafactoría backed by the State and financed by United Arab Emiratesfed by a network where 70% comes from nuclear energy. Spain recovered from the blackout in a few hours – with some hard consequences along the way -, but perhaps it costs him more to recover from the problem of perception generated by such an event. The one who questions If you can guarantee basic stability that this industry demands … or if investors will prefer destinations with greater energy certainty. Outstanding image | Claudio Schwarz in Unspash In Xataka | “11 signs that you have ADHD and you don’t know it”: more and more people are self -diagnosis of mental health problems

Nothing’s last launch is gorgeous and, now, you can take it with headphones for less than you think

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If you are looking for a mobile with a different design from the rest, those of the Nothing brand stand out in front of the other terminals in the market. Now, at Amazon, you can get a pack composed of the Nothing Phone (3A) with Nothing Ear headphones (A) on offer. Specifically, it is available for 373 euros. Nothing Phone (3rd) 128 GB + Nothing Ear (A) * Some price may have changed from the last review A perfect pack for those looking to change mobile He Nothing Phone (3A) It is a terminal with 6.77 inches AMOLED screen and offers FullHD+ resolution (of 2,392 x 1,080 pixels). It offers an adaptive refreshment of 120 Hz and reaches a peak brightness of up to 3,000 Nits. The brain of this mobile is the processor Qualcomm Snapdragon 7s Gen3 and comes with a storage capacity of 128 GB. Your photographic system is made up of a Triple 50+50+8 mp rear camera and a 32 MP striker. Works under the nothing os 3.1 operating system (based on Android 15) and its battery admits fast charging of 50 W. It is a dual sim and comes with the iconic LED system (called Glyph Interface), which characterizes the firm. Regarding pack headphones, Nothing Ear (a) They stand out for their light weight of only 4.8 grams each. Although they also attract attention by Integrate Chatgpt. They have three -level adaptive noise cancellation and their battery lasts up to 40 hours. The best accessories to protect this mobile Boerhang compatible with Nothing Phone 3A * Some price may have changed from the last review Yenwen Screen protector for Nothing Phone 3A, 2 pieces tempered glass with 2 pieces chamber lens * Some price may have changed from the last review Some of the links of this article are affiliated and can report a benefit to Xataka. In case of non -availability, offers may vary. Images | Nothing In Xataka | The best mobiles, we have tried them and here are their analysis In Xataka | Nothing Phone (3rd) vs nothing phone (2a). What a mid -range mobile choose according to your tastes and needs

California project is being a real nightmare

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The United States has been dreaming of its high -speed train decades. The plan was ambitious, even poetic: Connect San Francisco and Los Angeles in less than three hoursreduce emissions, revitalize rail transport and demonstrate that the country could also compete with Europe and Asia in mobility of the 21st century. But what should be a symbol of modernity has become one of the most chaotic and discussed infrastructure projects of the country’s recent history. It all started with illusion. In 2008, California voters approved 10,000 million dollars in bonds to take the first big step. The objective was clear: a high speed line that would travel the state from north to south at 354 km/h. The, optimistic calendar, spoke of 2020 as an opening date. But 2020 arrived and passed. And 2025 is also happening, With just 35 kilometers ready To start placing the tracks. There are no trains. There are no operational stations. And what remains ahead seems, the less uncertain. Delays, cost overruns and uncertainty Today, the estimated total cost of the project exceeds 106,000 million dollarsmore than triple the initial budgeted. The layout has been reduced. The promise of joining Sacramento with San Diego It has been parked, and all the focus is now in a much more modest section: about 275 kilometers in the central valleybetween Merced and Bakersfield. A segment with low population density and a debatable impact in terms of real mobility. Why is it costing so much? There are many answers, and apparently any simple. The acquisition of private land has been a nightmare. In addition, the transfer of public infrastructure, such as pipes, electric lines or high steps, has triggered costs. But the most decisive has been the lack of stable financing. The project has been advancing to trumpets, based on fragmented budgets, partial promises and conditioned aids. Without a clear road map and with federal support that has varied according to the White House in turn, the work has accumulated delays, cost overruns and frustration. Even so, there are advances. At the end of 2023, after receiving a historical injection of almost 3.1 billion dollars by the federal governmentCalifornia High-Speed ​​Rail Authority took a key step: he published in January 2024 the list of finalist suppliers for the manufacture of their electric trains. The two selected companies are Alstom and Siemenstwo giants of the railway sector with more than accredited experience in Europe. The idea is clear: acquire trains capable of overcoming the 350 km/h, designed from scratch for this layout, and adapted to the specific needs of California. But the project is not limited to speed. There is a remarkable and unusual effort to think about the travel experience from the first moment. In Sacramento, A real scale model has already been built of one of the wagons, made of wood and foam, to visualize every detail of the interior. The model has been used to collect suggestions from experts in accessibility, engineers, public leaders and user associations. And the proposals go beyond the obvious: from large adapted toilets to emergency buttons accessible from the ground in case of fall, through areas for families, capsule compartments for those who seek privacy and spaces specifically designed for accessibility. California has also taken advantage of a structural advantage: his wagons will be wider than those of conventional trains in the United States, which will allow broader corridors Without sacrificing space for the passenger. The intention, according to the rail authority, is that this is a high -speed train designed for all. A really inclusive train. For the moment, There are more than 25 active works in the Central Valleywith about 1,500 workers deployed daily. 422 miles of the future route have been cleared, at least on the environmental level. And more than 50 structures have already been built: bridges, viaducts, high steps. But most of the project is still in the air. The financing to finish the central section must be closed before mid -2026. And although the current CEO, Ian Choudri, says they are on the right track to achieve it, either by private investors, federal loans or new bonds, the time runs against it. Especially if the Federal Administration changes sign and rethinking to keep the funds already committed. The Department of Transportation, under the leadership of Sean Duffy, has announced a complete audit of the project. THE OBJECTIVE: Determine SI California has fulfilled the commitments assumed Upon receiving federal money. The threat is clear. If there are no sufficient solid advances or guarantees, these funds could be reallocated to other states with more mature projects. The pressure, once again, is huge. The contrast with other countries is painful. Japan built his first Shinkansen in the 60s. Spain has been expanding its bird network more than three decades. Morocco has since 2018 its high -speed train between Tangier and Casablanca. In the United States, Acela remains the closest thing, with 240 km/h peaks on roads that cross tunnels of the nineteenth century. In California, everything is complex. The layout crosses agricultural areas, urban nuclei, protected land. Despite the promises, agreements and models in a real scale, there is a risk that the project appears: to continue being a dream. And yet, there is something in the original idea that continues to resist. A kind of conviction that, if ends, this train You can mark a before and after. Not only in California, but in the entire transport network of the country. Images | California High Speed ​​Rail In Xataka | The C919 Comac

Modern oil did not invent anything. China already extracted natural gas 2,000 years ago and transported it by bamboo pipes

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Possibly, many consider that oil industry And modern gas, with its platforms, deep wells, pumping systems and distribution networks, is a creation of the nineteenth century onwards, one associated with Western industrialization. And although they are not entirely wrong, the truth is that there was already a nation that had developed techniques for drilling, extraction and transporting energy resources with a simply amazing level of sophistication. That nation was China, and he did it a thousand years before Edwin Drake will pierce the first commercial oil well in 1859. Before the crude. As we said, although the collective imaginary places the beginning of the exploitation of hydrocarbons in the industrial revolution From the nineteenth century, history shows that ancient civilizations had already developed surprisingly advanced techniques of energy extraction. In fact, in the Chinese province of Sichuan, more than one millennium before the first commercial wells in the United States or Russia, entire communities already They pierced the earth To get brine And, later, natural gas. The salt searchvital for food conservation and human nutrition, led Chinese engineers to devise sophisticated Performant drilling systemsoperated with bamboo towers, pulleys, jump platforms and specialized metal tools that remember, in many ways, those used in the modern oil industry. Challenging your time. The wells, initiated during the PERIOD OF THE COMBATING KINGDOMS (480–221 AC), reached depths of up to 250 meters already in the Tang dynastyand exceeded the kilometer in the nineteenth century, long before the West even dreamed of such achievements. For each phase of the process they were used Different Broks (Fish tail, silver or horseshoe ingot) adapted to the type of rock. I also know They developed solutions for problems such as broken bits or collapsed wells, using ingenious technologies such as elongated bamboo tubes With fin valves, hydraulic cements based on Tung oil, and shutter with expanded straw. Then, around 1050, the introduction of flexible bamboo cables It allowed to achieve greater depths and simplify the operations a little more. By 1835, the Shenghai well reached officially The 1,000 meters deepa milestone in the world. From the byproduct to the energy treasure. Everything changed at a given time. During drilling in search of brine, workers began to run into Natural gas bagsinitially seen as dangerous or useless. But over time, that gas (mainly methane, often mixed with hydrogen sulphide) was recognized as energy resource and used for lighting, heating and, above all, to feed the boilers that evaporated the brine. This transition became crucial when deforestation prevented continuing to use firewood. The need promoted the invention of the call Drum Kang Penwhich allowed to extract and separate simultaneously gas and brine, and early carburetor that mixed gas with air to achieve more efficient combustion. In turn, the old perforators also included geology rudiments, placing gas wells in high areas and brine in valleys, according to the formation of underground bags. Industrial Network Without Pare. Over the centuries, the region was filled with bamboo towers, merchant ships and an infrastructure that included hundreds of kilometers of pipes Bamboo built completely. Far from being rudimentary, those pipes were precisely sealed by tung oil cement and braided rope, which made them surprisingly stagnant and durable. To get an idea, in the 1950s they were still operational More than 95 km of these conductions. A complex system that transformed Zigong and other cities into industrial, commercial and cultural centers. The operation was so extensive that it required uninterrupted shifts and written legal contracts (some of the first in the history of China) to distribute tasks and resources. Historical and legacy. The scale and sophistication of the Sichuan gas field eclipsed other premodern operations in Europe or Central Asia, such as those of Naples or Bakú. Beyond the volume produced, the most notable was the continuity and efficiency of the system itself. Even today, the region produces some 30,000 million cubic meters of gas annually, in many cases from perforated wells centuries ago. However, the work is still dangerous: in 2003, an explosion of gas near Chongqing He killed 233 people and left 9,000 intoxicatedbut the accumulated experience over almost 2,000 years avoided a major catastrophe. That technical and human legacy is, in fact, honest in the Shanxi Salt Museumwhere original tools and detailed models are preserved that document an industrial feat advanced to their time by millennia. If you want too, the Sichuan history Not only does it rewrite the origins of oil and gas in a certain way: redefine what we consider possible in ancient civilizations. Image | Thomas dependb, CSEG In Xataka | In its effort to extract oil, China is beating records: it has drilled a well -deep well In Xataka | 2025, a raw year: the sanctions to the Russian ships and the tension with China are raising the price of oil

We have new clues about the coexistence of Sapiens and Neanderthals. We have found them in Burgos

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The transit of a Europe dominated by Neanderthals (Homo Neanderthalensis) to a world in which our species, H. sapiensit was already the only human species is one of the most intriguing periods in our evolutionary history. We do not know how Neanderthals disappeared nor do we have many details about how they coexisted with our species. It is not necessary to go very far to find clues about how this coexistence was. Arlanzian culture. An international team, in which researchers from the universities of Valladolid, Burgos or Alcalá have participated, I discovered recently the clues of a prehistoric culture that had passed so far unnoticed. A culture they have called Arlanziense. This prehistoric culture has been baptized Ashí in reference to the Arlanza River, in whose Valley is Cueva Millán (located in the municipality of Hortigüela, Burgos). It is in this cave where the site that the Arlanzian culture has gone to the discovery can be found. The period associated with this prehistoric cultural tradition, explains the team responsible for the study, is associated with the transition between the Middle Paleolithic and the Superior, occurred between 50,000 and 40,000 years ago. This period is marked precisely by another very different transition, which saw the Neanderthals of the European continent disappear and the passage to the era of modern humans. Jump in time. Until now the clues we had placed this change in a much more recent period. Until now, the first cultures of the Upper Paleolithic (Auriñaciense and Châtelperroniense) dated a period between 43,000 and 40,000 years ago. The disappearance of the Musteriense culture, which we consider typical of the Middle Paleolithic, would have occurred between 45,000 and 37,000 years ago. However, the findings in the Cueva Millán force us to delay even more this transitional period between the Middle and Higher Paleolithic, after finding evidence of a culture with features of the Paleolithic medium before the Auriñaciense and Châtelperroniense: the findings would place it between 43,000 and 40,000 years ago. Unique combination The team responsible for the study explains that the artifacts found in the Cueva Millán site and the techniques associated with its production allow to “define” this new culture. A clulture, the Arlanziense, whose features highlight the “standardized production of small stone projectiles for hunting.” The details of the study were published In an article In the magazine Scientific Reports. Doubts to be resolved. The transition from the Middle Paleolithic to the superior is traditionally marked by the arrival of the H. sapiens But the responsible team indicates that the story can be somewhat more complex. As indicated, the site cannot be associated with one or another species, which opens the door to the possibility that the Neanderthals had adopted techniques and objects of the sapiens. Although we do not have concrete evidence, this would be a plausible hypothesis in that case. Transition between species. The Millán Cueva Site and its Arlanzian culture could help us understand not only the transition but also the coexistence of humans and Neanderthals in the Iberian Peninsula. We know that coexistence between both species globally left A genetic imprint that still lasts in ours, and we have found vestiges of this hybridization in other places of the Peninsula. In Xataka | If the question is “when the Neanderthals and the Sapiens were crossed,” we now have the answer: about 47,000 years ago Image | University of Valladolid

We thought that the olive oil sector was so broken that the olivers were losing 270 million euros. Is more than double

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When Jesús Cózar, general secretary of UPA Andalucía, gave a press conference saying That “the olive growers have stopped receiving 270 million euros in the month of March, or what is the same, more than 8 million daily, due to the current situation of ruin prices in origin,” many raised an eyebrow. That’s the milkmaid accounts, they said. Now a team from the University of Jaén, the University of Córdoba and the Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training has calculated the alleged imbalance of the oil market and a clear conclusion has arrived: Cózar fell short. Market imbalance? In general terms, we can conceptualize the olive oil market as if it were a huge equilibrium machine: the final price of the oil arises from a balance in which many things intervene; But above all, the total stocks and the expected demand. If there is little oil, as happened in recent years, the price tends to rise until the demand fits the amount there is. If there is a lot of oil, it occurs just the other way around. Well, with that principle in mind, we can evaluate whether the market is unbalanced: that is, if the price is above or below what it should be. That is what they have measured. After weeks and weeks with the fly behind the ear, the Provincial Council of Olive Oil of the Provincial Council of Jaén requested a report on the current market situation. To evaluate the real situation, the UJA/UCO/IFAPA team has used a series of new computer analysis models of imbalances. According to your conclusionsthe price of the AVE in origin should be between 5.55 and 6.14 euros/kg. The fork is due to the fact that some data are still missing and the final production can reach between 1.29 and 1.5 million tons. What does this translate? Basically, the 270 million euros spoken by the Secretary of the Andalusian UPA are an anecdote: what the Spanish olive groves are ceasing to receive are 626 million euros. From October to March, the average price at source in these months has been € 4.49. That is, one euro below the minimum estimated price in the study. What is happening? They don’t even know. A few days ago, Juan Luís Ávila, the head of the Olivar de Coag sector He wondered “What is happening in the market so that prices remain artificially low.” In fact, he is preparing a complaint with the National Markets Commission and the competence to find out. Why is it interesting? Because All this situation (That arrives, remember, at a particularly delicate moment for the olive industry after years of crisis and hoping that this year would be resolved) is very complicated: it is still clear that, Despite the weight of Spain in the sectormarket mechanisms are easily alterable. And not even in contexts Where we have the “pan for the mango”there are useful instruments to have it controlled (or even know that everything is working correctly). Image | FERI TASOS In Xataka | In the middle of the largest commercial chaos, olive oil seems immune thanks to a factor: consumption in Spain

‘The Eternaluta’ is a masterpiece of science fiction. But the story of its creator gives him an absolutely unique background

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Netflix’s new science fiction series, ‘El Eternalauta’, has a very emotional story for comic fans: not only is it based on a legendary cartoon whose adaptation to cinema and television has been frustrated on countless occasions, but its creator owns a biography that makes its humanistic background, but tragic. This is the story of ‘The Eternaluta’ and its creator, Héctor Germán Oesterheld. The production that opens Netflix is ​​an Argentine series, such as the original comic, and has the prominence of an international fame actor like Ricardo Darín. It has occurred under the supervision of one of Oesterheld’s grandchildren and is the end point of a long list of attempts to adapt a comic that in Argentina has an extraordinary fame. Hence the prestige of the directors who tried to adapt it on previous occasions. In 1998, he assumed the Adolfo Aristarain project (‘A place in the world’, ‘Martín (Hache)’) among other directors such as Gustavo Mosquera (which ended, yes, embarking on a long journey to stand up a biopic of Oesterheld, which has not yet curdled). The project was frustrated due to lack of financing. In 2008 the possible adaptation was reactivated, in a film that would direct Lucrecia Martel (‘The Holy Girl’). Martel distanced himself from the project due to conflicts with the Oesterheld family and the adaptation was canceled. Finally, Netflix began the production of its ‘eternalauta’ in 2020although the filming was interrupted by the pandemic. THE IMPORTANCE OF ‘THE ETERNAUTA’ With a very modern point of view, the story of Oesterheld, drawn in its first phase, in 1958, by a superb Francisco Solano López, tells an extraterrestrial invasion that begins when a mysterious lethal snow on contact with the skin annihilates most of the human beings. The offensive will increase with the appearance of insectoid beings, cascarudes, servants of higher intelligences that will unleash a mixture of intrigue and action where we will have even walks through parallel dimensions. Cascarudos are not the last border of the alien invasion: the protagonist and an impromptu land resistance group will face an alien disturbing who has numerous fingers around the hand (which wins his appeal of hand), and that It is only the servant of even superior and unknown aliens. It would be said that Oesterheld senses an alien presence in the way of Lovecraft, with entities for those who do not assume the slightest threat, but nods them at our level and injects them very understandable intentions. This stage is published in Spain By comic planet. ‘The Eternaluta’ Illustrated by Solano López The adventures of ‘The Eternaluta’ would not end there. A decade later, in 1969, and with Radicalized Oesterheld in his political commitment, the author would script By Penguin). It essentially tells the same story, but with explanations for the invasion much more politicized. Later, in 1976, an official sequel would arrive, set in a desolate and apocalyptic future, a consequence of the ravages we saw in the first installment. I would draw her again Solano López. After her, with missing Oesterheld, we would see multiple sequelae, often with the participation of the original cartoonist. But … What does ‘the Eternaluta’ have to have become an absolute classic of the Argentine comic? When Oesterheld did not know what his destiny would be, the first ‘eternauta’ can be read as a local version of ‘The War of the Worlds’, but with bulls references to the policy of the moment: In 1955 Perón had been expelled from the Argentine government in a coup d’etat led by military. This first version of history is more humanistic than politics, and as Roberto Bartual details In your newsletter on comics And he launches the message that “there are good and bad on all sides”, allowing even demonstrating some compassion for the villains. It has all the meaning that this white and harmless version is the one that takes the Netflix series as a reference. ‘The Eternaluta’ Illustrated by Breccia However, the authentic combative content of ‘The Eternaluta’ would come in the second version that Oesterheld would re-guide and illustrate Breccia: in it, invading aliens have reached a pact with foreign powers. In the 1969 version, the villain of history is imperialism that a few years later would cause coups in Chile in 1973, and later again in Argentina, in 1979. The humans of this version of ‘El Eternalauta’ are the countries of Latin America fighting for their independence. And there is more. The sequel ‘El Eternalauta II’, again with Solano López to the drawings, tells how men and women live in caves to escape the invasion. It is impossible not to think about the authentic oesterheld, which This second part of ‘The Eternaluta’ ended in hiding. The end of the story is absolutely bleak and turns the iconic eternal, with his diver glasses to protect himself from lethal snow, an anti-authoritarian resistance symbol. Even much later, in the demonstrations against the Financial Corralito at the beginning of this century, posters were seen with the images of the Eternaluta remembering their rebel spirit and, above all, denouncing the leaders of any sign that betray their own. ‘El Eternalauta II’, illustrated by Solano López Oesterheld’s fate The radicalization of the creator of ‘The Eternaluta’ would start shortly after the publication of the first version of the story: Oesterheld would begin to fill their stories of criticisms of capitalism and colonialism, reaching a script to political sign as clear as a biography of Che in 1968, before his collaboration with Breco. In the seventies he would join the Montoneros (the second part of ‘El Eternalauta’ ended in hiding, dictating the scripts he later received Solano López, exiled in Spain), and the last thing that was learned of him is that he was arrested in 1977 by the military dictatorship. It was last seen in a clandestine detention center, and as happened with so many other Argentines, from that moment to be part of the list of arrested and missingvictim of Argentine state terrorism. … Read more

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