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We already know which will be the most expensive data center in the world. If Bill Gates paid it, it would be almost zero

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Already in 2024 we saw that infrastructure spending for AI was being insane. The trend has not relaxed, quite the opposite. Big tech continues to burn money as if there was no tomorrow (literally) and most of that spending is going to most valuable asset in the AI ​​race: data centers. How much do they really cost? Data centers in numbers Epoch AI has published Frontier Data Centersa complete database about data centers being built in the United States. Through satellite images, public documents and permits, they have obtained information about the estimated construction cost, as well as energy consumption and computing power. The award for the most expensive data center goes to Microsoft Fairwater, whose total cost It could reach $106 billion when completed in 2028. To put it in context, Bill Gates’ fortune is estimated to be 107 billion dollars. It would be fair to pay it. The forecast for Microsoft Fairwater even surpasses Meta Hyperion, the data center that It will be as big as the island of Manhattan which would cost 72,000 million. Next on the list is Colossus 2, by xAIwhose estimated cost is 44 billion dollars. It is closely followed by Meta Prometheus with 43 billion and the Amazon and Anthropic data center in New Carlisle with 39 billion. Epoch AI has collected more data, such as how much computing power each facility will have. This data is measured using the NVIDIA H100 GPUs for reference. They have also calculated the energy demand and who will be the main user of each of them. Below we leave you a table with the key information: Estimate DATE ESTIMATED cost ($) computing (EN gpUS H100) energy demand intended primary user microsoft fairwater September 2027 106 billion 5.2 million 3328 MW OpenAI meta hyperion January 2028 72 billion 4.2 million 2262 MW Goal xai Colossus 2 February 2026 44 billion 1.4 million 1379 MW xAI meta prometheus October 2026 43 billion 1.2 million 1360MW Goal amazon new carlisle June 2026 39 billion 770,000 1229 MW Anthropic oracle stargate July 2026 32 billion 1 million 1180MW OpenAI microsoft fayetteville March 2026 29 billion 920,000 1065MW OpenAI/Microsoft amazon ridgeland September 2027 32 billion 630,000 1008MW Anthropic Dizzying climb Looking at the case of Microsoft Fairwater, and always according to Epoch AI’s forecast, in March 2026 the investment will be $18 billion. A year later, in February 2027, it rises to 35,000 million, just four months later it shoots up to 71,000 million, to reach 106 billion in 2028. The price increase is dizzying and responds to several factors. The first is that the computational cost of training models has been increasing. For example, GPT 4 cost OpenAI over 100 million and rumors before the release of GPT-5 pointed to training rounds of 500 million each. Epoch AI also did an analysis on this and they estimated that the cost of training has multiplied by 2.6 year after year. On the other hand, there is the demand for GPUs, necessary for training the models and the most expensive component of all. An NVIDIA H100 GPU costs 25,000 dollars and its successor, the NVIDIA B200 also known as Blackwell, could be between 30,000 and 40,000 dollars. And this is just the GPUs, many are needed more components to get a data center up and running, such as power generators, high-speed networks or refrigeration, among others. The initial bottleneck was the shortage of GPUs, but it has been overcome by a more fundamental constraint: there is not enough power for so many chips. data centers They consume a lot of energy, Seriously, a lot. To put it in context, in 2024, data centers were already the 4% of United States electricity consumption and it is expected that Demand will double in the next five years. Nobody wants to live near a data center for one reason: mass consumption is raising energy prices up to 267% in nearby areas. Power supply has become a new choke point for the industry. Microsoft is already considering producing its own energy by creating nuclear power plants and others like Google and Amazon are considering taking data centers into space. Image | Microsoft In Xataka | AI data centers are an energy hole. Jeff Bezos’ solution: build them in space

The world has been wondering for years whether The Line is viable or a megalomaniac fantasy. The answer is becoming clearer

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You will like it more or less, but something cannot be denied to The Linethe ambitious ‘corridor city’ that Saudi Arabia wants to build in the middle of the desert: it does not leave anyone indifferent. After all, it is not every day that a 170 km long, 500 m high and 200 m wide metropolis made up of skyscrapers is built from scratch. Since the country’s crown prince presented the project, back in 2021the world has wondered if it is feasible or an extravagance doomed to failure. The question has continued to rage ever since, despite the start of works. Now it’s starting to become clear. What has happened? That The Line goes through turbulence. Although Saudi Arabia’s flagship megaproject has advanced on the ground, something that its promoters have made clear by sharing aerial imagesin recent days they have jumped several news that suggest that dark clouds appear on the horizon. Recently the Reuters agency informed that the priority now is to complete a first section of 2.4 kilometers, far from the 170 km that the project aspires to (its idea is to accommodate nine million people) or the structure that they wanted to have ready. looking forward to 2030. Meanwhile, other media talk about challenges or change of course. What exactly do we know? This is not the first news that suggest that Saudi Arabia was optimistic when considering the magnitude and schedule of The Line, but now they seem to confirm something important: the project (actually NEOM or the entire Vision 30 plan) is not immune to economic ups and downs and challenges in financing the works. This is how he revealed it a few days ago Reuters, which assures that Saudi Arabia plans to reorient its sovereign fund (PIF) of 925,000 million, a strategic financing lever, away from real estate megaprojects. While NEOM advocates large constructions, such as The Line, a futuristic ‘corridor city’ 170 km long, 500 m high and 200 m wide with the capacity to house nine million people, the new strategy would focus the PIF on investments with more sustainable returns in the short term. This involves logistics, tourism, AI or data centers. As remember The Timesthe Vision 2030 plan was based on a scenario in which a barrel of oil was trading at $100. Now it is around 60 and has not reached triple digits since 2022. What does that mean? “We spent too much. We acted at full speed. Now we have a deficit. We need to redefine our priorities,” he acknowledged. a few days ago a Saudi official at an investment forum held in Riyadh: Other sources speak directly of “course correction” and a scenario that requires being “more conservative” in investments. Even the country’s Minister of Economy, Faisal Alibrahim, has explained that they are “reorienting priorities towards the sectors that need it most.” “And today that sector is technology, AI.” Does that mean that mega structures are shelved? Jerry Inzerillo, an American executive who advises the crown prince, warns that he can’t go that far: “Don’t forget that nothing has been cancelled. It may just take a little longer. The ambition is still intact.” For now, at the end of 2024 the sovereign fund placed its investments in Saudi megaprojects in 56 billiona notable sum, but 12.4% below the previous year. Does it only affect The Line? No. The Line is not the only one that has seen its original plans complicated. The Times keep it up that the Trojena tourist hub may not be in time for the 2029 Asian Winter Games, as expected. The project would not actually be completed until 2032, which would have led South Korea to prepare to serve as headquarters in four years. There are other large developments in the country, such as the island of Sindalah or the district New Murabba of Riyadh, whose completion is expected in 2040, although without ruling out delays. Do you know anything else? Yes. Perhaps the most detailed ‘photo’ of where and what challenges the NEOM megacity faces I gave it on Thursday Financial Timeswhich published an extensive analysis with an illuminating headline: “The end of The Line: how the Saudi dream of NEOM fell apart.” The newspaper points out that, although the promoters insist that the city remains “a strategic priority” and it is possible to see the result of the works in the desert, the authorities have chosen to drastically reduce the first phase. Furthermore, among those who participate or have directly participated in the project there would be misgivings about its viability, as specified by FT. All this between calculations that place the final budget well above what was planned and figures that (at the very least) invite you to raise your eyebrow. For example, the staff interviewed by FT speaks of an enormous need for concrete (just the first 20 modules would need more cement than France produces in a year) and millions of tons of steel. This is without taking into account the logistical, transportation and time challenges or the services that The Line would require to provide for such basic issues as water, mail delivery or waste collection. Is it a surprise? Since the Saudi prince presented the project, years agoThe Line has aroused above all two emotions. Astonishment. And skepticism. The works have started and its promoters have shown that the project will not remain on paper, but another thing is its tempo and if it will reach the ambitious scale that was initially proposed. There are experts who have already warned that, if fulfilled, the vertical megacity will be a kind of hell for its residents. a few months ago transcended In fact, the authorities commissioned several consulting firms to carry out a strategic review of the project to confirm its viability or propose possible changes, a decision that the promoters rejected. Images | NEOM In Xataka | Years ago Alicante opted for an artificial island with a luxurious restaurant and taxi boat. It hasn’t … Read more

How the cerebral hemispheres shaped the Western world

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One day, around 1990, someone asked John Cutting to give a seminar at the Maudsley Hospital in London. cutting era a renowned psychiatristwith extensive clinical experience and who gave dozens of talks each year; but I didn’t really know what to talk about. So gathered some notes on the right hemisphere and its relationship with psychiatric disorders. The relevant thing, he said, It was not ‘what’ each hemisphere does, but ‘how’ each one sees the world. No one could imagine it, but for a young resident he had begun the task of his life. Although the story begins a little earlier When Roger Sperry arrived in Pasadena in 1954 was a little frustrated. He was 40 years old and had a wonderful future that was slipping through his fingers. In less than two years he had been a professor at the University of Chicago, head of Neurological Diseases and Blindness at the National Institutes of Health in Maryland, and a key player in the marine science laboratory at the University of Miami. But between delays, budget cuts and power struggles, no one had offered him anything stable. It’s true that Caltech had offered him a position with potential, but how many times had the same thing happened and, in the end, it had come to nothing? Everything changed when he met WJ WJ was a patient at White Memorial Hospital. There, in the early 1960s, a CalTech student, Joseph Bogenhad begun to perform commissurotomies to treat especially complicated epilepsies. The curious thing about this intervention that surgically ‘separated’ the two hemispheres was not that it worked (and improved the clinical symptoms of patients with the disease) but that on a day-to-day basis, the cognitive and functional weaknesses of patients with split brain are not easily distinguishable of those of a normal person. The divided brain Maxim Berg The patients’ deficits only became evident under specialized neuropsychological testing, and investigating the reason for this was a long and complex task that cost Sperry the 1981 Nobel Prize in Medicine. A decade later, John Cutting was giving a talk on the psychiatric implications of all this. In the auditorium, Iain McGilchrist I was stunned. In ’75, this young British man had won the “lottery”: one of the scholarships at All Soul College in Oxford and, a little later, a teaching position in the Oxford Department of Literature; seven years later, McGilchrist left the academy disappointed with the “gritty” approach to literary criticism. And he started studying medicine. First the degree at Southampton and, later, the specialty in psychiatry at Maudsley in London. It was there, it was then, when’The master and his emissary” (that Captain Swing now publishes in Spanish) took shape. It only took 20 more years to carry it out.. A book about the brain… In that colossal essay, McGilchrist explains that the pop view of the cerebral hemispheres (the idea that one is in charge of one thing and another of another) is a reckless simplification. The hemispheres hide something else: two complete and coherent ways of experiencing the world. Two forms that, here is the key, are incompatible with each other. The right hemisphere (on the one hand) has a predilection for the open, the contextual, the embodied: it prioritizes the living, the implicit, irony, ambiguity and the relationships between things. The left hemisphere (for its own) cuts, abstracts and fixes: it is excellent for procedures, for mechanisms; to break down problems, explain them and control them. The interesting (and important) thing is that McGilchrist insists that, actually. Both hemispheres participate in almost everything: what changes is how they relate to reality. They are two people (two styles of attention) whose Conversation gives meaning to civilization as we know it. …but a book about many more things. Because throughout the 1000 pages of ‘The Master and His Emissary’, McGilchrist takes us to an amazing journey through two millennia of art, science and politics as if they were the story of that conversation. There are times in which both ways of thinking coexist in harmony (such as the Renaissance); while there are other periods in which one or another of the styles prevails over the rest. It is a voracious, wild book. A book that wants to capture everything, that wants to account for everything, that wants to capture the ‘zeitgeist’ of each of the eras of humanity. Today, according to the British psychiatrist, we live an era dominated by the left hemisphere. Can a brain theory explain today’s world? The bet is risky, ambitious and very controversial. Since the first version of the book was published in 2009, criticism they haven’t stopped coming. From unwarranted extrapolations of available neuropsychological evidence to some cherry-picking in art, philosophy and politics to make the narrative fit perfectly. However, I think that all these criticisms (despite being accurate), miss the mark. The strength of ‘The Master and His Emissary’ is not in the evidence that supports it, it is in the power of its metaphors. And a metaphor is, we know well, little more than a flashlight. Something that, no matter how many shadow areas it leaves, we still need to see in the dark. And, in this case, its metaphor is more necessary than ever. It’s just what we need to understand something that, as a good literary expert, McGilchrist also knows. That we may be encased in a nutshell and consider ourselves kings of infinite space. Who was going to tell us that when Hamlet said this he was talking about our own brain? Image | notorious v1ruS In Xataka | When Darwin’s children fell victim to their father’s own laws of natural selection

The Japanese Shinkansen was the fastest train in the world until China defeated it. The reason: the “piston effect”

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In a very summary way, the piston in a four stroke engine It is responsible for moving the air inside to compress it and facilitate the burning or explosion of the fuel or to push it out of the combustion chamber. That is, it is dedicated to pushing the air up or down. Now imagine a train arriving in a tunnel at more than 300 km/h. Suddenly, the train goes from being outside to moving the air inside the tunnel. To push it to the bottom. Your movement It would be very similar to that of a piston. The train moves in a straight line and around it the tunnel would behave like a combustion chamber. That doesn’t seem like a problem. It doesn’t seem like it if we think that the air is simply pushed to the outlet where it is released without further problem. It’s also not a problem if your high-speed lines run over a bridge more than 100 kilometers long. But if you are a mountainous country and you have made the railway your star medium to move millions of people hundreds of kilometers an hour. Yes, you have a problem. Because the piston effect is pure physics and solving it to gain speed is not being easy. When they were the best In 1964, while Spain began to open up to the world, Abebe Bikila won his second Olympic Marathon in the streets of Tokyo. He did it wearing Puma Osaka shoes.nothing to do with the famous 42,195 meters that he covered barefoot in Rome to win four years before. We do not know if Bikila took that first Shinkansen that linked the cities Tokyo and, precisely, Osaka. The bullet train had begun to operate in Japan that same year, promoted by the Olympic Games in the Japanese capital. Then, the two cities were linked by a train that reached peaks of 210km/hbecoming the first high-speed line in the world. More than 60 years later, Japan is no longer the country with the highest number of high-speed kilometers of the world. Today it is China. It makes sense, taking into account that the country is huge, so if this means of transportation were promoted, sooner or later they would surpass their neighbors. Spain, by the way, also surpassed Japan in this area years ago. But it is very likely that something else has hurt Japan more. China is making the bullet train its flag. Its latest advances with the maglev, which levitates thanks to very powerful magnets to avoid friction with the track, has reached a combined speed of 896 km/h at the intersection of two CR450 trains. The problem for Japan is that China has a lot of money. And if it is necessary to build eight of the 10 longest bridges in the world to solve geographical accidents, they get to work. Japan has to deal with a lot of mountains and a more traditional system: tunnels. And that when you want to make a train pass at very high speed is quite a problem. When a train fully crosses the threshold of a tunnel, what is known as piston effecta problem that prevents increasing the walking speed further. The consequences are as simple as they are serious: loud explosions, breakage of equipment… and the eardrums of passengers. Upon entering the tunnel, the air is compressed and the movement of the train moves it towards the exit. However, some of that air rebounds and generates pressure changes that can be especially painful for passengers, even affecting their middle ear. When moving outside, a pressure wave is created that moves at the speed of sound and when the train leaves the tunnel, a shock wave and a sound explosion are created that, it is calculated, can be heard 400 meters away. It is known as tunnel boom. Japan is now experiencing a problem carried over from the past. Their trains are wider than the European ones but their tunnels are narrower. This was to reduce infrastructure costs but also to run less risk of landslides in the event of an earthquake. At first this was not a problem but when the speed of the trains increased they realized that they could not continue moving. In China, trains also use wide tracks like their neighbors but since they do not preserve inherited structuresthe new tunnels built are wider. This reduces the void effect produced with the entry of the train into the tunnel and, therefore, mitigates the problems for passengers. Furthermore, as less resistance is generated when the train passes, energy expenditure is also reduced. The solution for the Japanese is not simple. On the Tokaido Shinkansen, the first high-speed line (the one that connects Tokyo with Osaka), 13% of total kilometers They run inside tunnels. But the Sanyo Shinkansen line runs through tunnels half of the time. and he Hokkaido Shinkansen which is under construction (this line is only partially open) contemplates the roofing of 80% of the layout. The most effective solution that has been found to the problem is to produce trains with a very long and sharp nose. The aerodynamics tries to imitate the beak of the Kingfisher that can dive into the water generating minimal splashes. Following the same concept, the longer and sharper the nose of the train, the less resistance the train encounters at the entrance and the more gradually the pressure wave is generated. The other solution has been expand the section of the tunnel at its entrance. The “door” is wider and also has side openings that allow part of the air to escape. air moved by the train. This escape route generates a lower pressure wave, allowing the train not to cause unwanted discomfort to passengers and to travel faster. It has even been thought of hermetic trains with controlled pressure. During its tests, Japan continues to search for trains that can reach a top speed of 400 km/h. However, the structures inherited from … Read more

Many video AIs are learning to imitate the world. And everything points to an unprecedented “looting” of YouTube

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A square, tourists, a waiter moving between tables, a bike passing by in the background or a journalist on a set. Video AIs can now generate scenes in a flash. The result is surprising, but it also opens up a question that until recently was barely posed: where did all those images that have come from come from? allowed to learn to imitate the world? According to The Atlanticpart of the answer points to millions of videos pulled from platforms like YouTube without clear consent. The euphoria over generative AI has moved so quickly that many questions have been left behind. In just two years we have gone from curious little experiments to models that produce videos almost indistinguishable from the real thing. And while the focus was on the demonstrations, another issue was gaining weight: transparency. OpenAI, for example, has explained that Sora is trained with “publicly available” data, but has not detailed which one. A massive workout that points to YouTube The Atlantic piece gives a clear clue as to what was happening behind the scenes. We are talking about more than 15 million videos collected to train AI models, with a huge amount coming from YouTube without formal authorization. Among the initiatives cited are data sets associated with several companies, designed to improve the performance of video generators. According to the media, this process was carried out without notifying the creators who originally published that content. One of the most striking aspects of the discovery is the profile of the affected material. These were not just anonymous videos or home recordings, but informative content and professional productions. The media found that thousands of pieces came from channels belonging to publications such as The New York Times, BBC, The Guardian, The Washington Post or Al Jazeera. Taken together, we are talking about a huge volume of journalism that would have ended up feeding AI systems without prior agreement with their owners. runwayone of the companies that has given the most impetus to generative video, is highlighted in the reviewed data sets. According to the documents cited, their models would have learned with clips organized by type of scene and context: interviews, explanatory, pieces with graphics, kitchen plans, resource plans. The idea is clear: if AI must reproduce human situations and audiovisual narratives, it needs real references that cover everything from gestures to editing rhythms. Fragments of a video generated with the Runway tool In addition to Runway, the research mentions data sets used in laboratories of large technology platforms such as Meta or ByteDance in research and development of their models. The dynamic was similar: huge volumes of videos collected on the Internet and shared between research teams to improve audiovisual capabilities. YouTube’s official stance doesn’t leave much room for interpretation. Its regulations prohibit downloading videos to train modelsand its CEO, Neal Mohan, has reiterated it in public. The expectations of the creators, he stressed, involve their content being used within the rules of the service. The appearance of millions of videos in AI databases has brought that legal framework to the fore and has intensified pressure on platforms involved in the development of generative models. The reaction of the media sector has followed two paths. On the one hand, companies like Vox Media o Prisa have closed agreements to license their content to artificial intelligence platforms, looking for a clear framework and economic compensation. On the other hand, some media outlets have chosen to stand up: The New York Times has taken OpenAI and Microsoft to court for the unauthorized use of their materials, stressing that it will also protect the video content it distributes. The legal terrain remains unclear. Current legislation was not intended for models that process millions of videos in parallel, and courts are still beginning to draw the lines. For some experts, publishing openly is not equivalent to transferring training rightswhile AI companies defend that indexing and the use of public material are part of technological advancement. This tension, still unresolved, keeps media and developers in a constant game of balance. What we have before us is the start of a conversation that goes far beyond technology. Training AI models with material available on the internet has been a widespread practice for years, and now comes the time to decide where the limits are. Companies promise agreements and transparency, the media ask for guarantees and creators demand control. The next stage will be as technological as it is political: how artificial intelligence is fed will define who benefits from it. Images | Xataka with Gemini 2.5 In Xataka | All the big AIs have ignored copyright laws. The amazing thing is that there are still no consequences

be the tallest church in the world

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that the Holy Family It is an architectural jewel, there is little doubt. Which is one of the great icons of Barcelona and one of the obligatory stops for tourists who come to the city, either, as attested by the 4.8 million of visitors it received last year. Now Antoni Gaudí’s temple will be able to boast an added merit: being the highest church of the entire planet, a brand that has just been snatched from the Ulm Cathedral, which held that record since 1890. The key: a little big growth of its central tower. What has happened? That the world ranking of mega constructions has undergone an important change. Above all because of its symbolism for Barcelona, ​​Catalonia and Spain as a whole. Yesterday, almost on the eve of All Saints’ Day, those responsible for the works of the Sagrada Familia they hoisted a piece of the ‘Tower of Jesus Christ’ that has raised the height of the temple to almost 163 m. If the fact were not surprising in itself, it comes accompanied by a surprise for lovers of world records: it has turned the Catalan temple into the tallest church in the world, a merit that has been taken away from Ulm Cathedral. Why’s that? What the temple has just incorporated is part of the cross of the ‘Tower of Jesus Christ’, a centerpiece of the Sagrada Familia. More specifically what they installed on thursday The operators with a crane is the lower arm of the cross (7.25 m and 24 tons), which had arrived in July divided into four panels. Those responsible for the project detail that the piece has a double-turn geometry, a square shape at the base, octagonal at the top and a coating of white glazed ceramic and glass, materials chosen for their “luminosity and resistance to atmospheric conditions.” “Once completed, the cross will have a total height of 17 m, equivalent to a five-story building, and a width of 13.5 m,” they clarify. Why is it important? The Sagrada Familia takes almost a century and a half being built, an extensive period full of ups and downs and marked by milestones such as the death of the father of the project, the architect Antoni Gaudi (1926), the Civil War or the Covid-19 pandemic. Throughout this vast chronicle, the works have celebrated important milestones, but Thursday’s is especially symbolic. The reason? How has he been in charge of remember the Archdiocesan Church of Barcelona, ​​the new piece raises the glonal height of the temple to 162.91 meters. It is expected that in the next few monthsas the works are completed, the ‘Tower of Jesus Christ’ will take another growth spurt until reach 172 mbut the current mark has already been enough to turn the Sagrada Familia into a record building. And who had the record? Right now the tallest church in the world (recognized by Guinness World Records) is the Ulm Cathedrala Lutheran church located in Baden-Württemberg (Germany), built in several phases between 1377 and 1890 and which has a spire that reaches a height of 161.5 m. The difference with the Catalan temple is still minimal, but that will likely change in the coming months as the tower is completed. In summer the temple already conquered another milestone, also thanks to the pinnacle: it surpassed the Mapfre Tower and Hotel Arts and became the largest building from Barcelona. Its construction is possible thanks largely to the money that visitors pay to visit the temple. Last year the 4.8 million of visitors, 2.7% more than in 2023 and even above pre-covid data. Images | Holy Family 1 and 2 In Xataka | Gaudí planned a heavenly staircase for the Sagrada Familia. Fulfilling the project implies expropriating the neighbors

OpenAI has turned ChatGPT into mainstream AI. In the business world the game is being won by its great rival

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Anthropic is nowhere near as well-known as OpenAI, but its AI model, Claude, is gaining traction almost unnoticed. Perhaps because he is doing it in a somewhat more opaque sector like that of companies. at least like this I pointed it out this summer a study by Menlo Ventures that certainly paints an interesting picture for this corporate AI war. Overtaking on the right. The data of that company venture capital companies reveal that at the beginning of 2023 OpenAI dominated the business segment with its AI models: it had a 50% share, when Anthropic barely had 12%. In July the situation had changed radically, and while OpenAI had reduced its share to 25%, Anthropic had managed to grow it to 32%. Source: Menlo Ventures. Companies bet on Claude. According to data from OpenAI itself, the company already has 800 million users. A small part of them already use a paid subscription, and that has allowed annual revenue to rise to $13 billion by 2025. Of them, 30% come from companies. Anthropic itself points out that revenues in 2025 will be about 5,000 million dollars – although they may end the year with 9,000 – but 80% of them come from business clients, whose number now amounts to 300,000. The difference is notable. The programmers, protagonists. The Menlo Ventures report further argues that there is one type of professional user that is especially important in those numbers: programmers. In fact, Anthropic’s market share among developers is 42%, while OpenAI’s is 21%. A priori and according to this data, the developers’ preference is clear: they like Claude more than ChatGPT—and specific products, Claude Code and OpenAI Codex—when it comes to programming. Source: Menlo Ventures. Companies pay more easily. This reality seems to make it clear that for business users the benefits seem to be clearer and that is why companies do not seem to have qualms when it comes to paying for subscriptions to these AI models. Not only in programming, but for example in legal or administrative departments is where ChatGPT or Claude can improve productivity and save work for professionals, who pay to be able to use these options without the limitations of free plans. Even Microsoft signs up. Anthropic’s reputation is making companies traditionally linked to OpenAI also want to start betting on its models. This is what happened with Microsoft, which in September announced that Claude would be available in the Copilot suite in addition to ChatGPT. Meanwhile, OpenAI conquers the ordinary user. OpenAI’s approach is quite different. Although it obviously has part of its business focused on companies, its latest movements are very focused on attracting the largest possible number of users. The launch of Sora 2 and its social network Sora, and the recent presentation of the ChatGPT Atlas browser – which of course can also be used by professionals – indicate this. But. The data that puts Anthropic in this excellent position among companies comes from the Menlo Ventures study, but this company is an interested party because one of the startups in which it has invested is precisely Anthropic. Not only that, it is a common criticism among Anthropic users that their models are comparatively more expensive than those of competitors like OpenAI. These conclusions from the Menlo Ventures study may therefore be subject to suspicion. Image | Fortune Brainstorm Tech 2023 In Xataka | Anthropic has seen what OpenAI is doing with its circular financing and has decided that you only live once

A guy has been studying the diets of the oldest people in the world for years and is clear about what a good breakfast is.

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Dan “Longevity” Buettner is a controversial guy. He was the one who popularized the idea that five specific regions (Sardinia, Okinawa, Icaria, Nicoya and Loma Linda) had two things in common: a very high longevity and a diet with particular characteristics. Over time, the idea of ​​blue zones has been harshly criticized and rightly so. However, studying what people over a hundred years old were like, what habits they had and how they ate, has given us very interesting reflections. The importance of breakfast is one of them. We already know that breakfast is not the most important meal of the day. Although, of course, that doesn’t mean we can neglect it. Therefore, in a recent videoBuettner has given some recommendations. “The breakfasts of people who live longer do not include sugary cereals or greasy bacon,” he explained. On the contrary, the best breakfasts can be defined by three characteristics: it’s salty, it’s simple, and it’s rich in fiber. And it makes sense. For example, the evidence supporting fiber consumption. A diet with between 25 and 29 grams of fiber per day is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and even “all-cause mortality.” This is especially recommended in Spain where dietary surveys show the majority of the population below the recommendations. Something similar happens with “simplicity.” It’s not that more elaborate breakfasts are problematic per se. The fact is that the current rhythms of life make it easier for us not to complicate our lives and the “quick breakfasts” that the market offers are usually accumulate very high amounts of sugar (and salt). If we do not find simple and healthy alternatives, the drift will lead us to worse solutions from a nutritional point of view. Just the kind of things that “shorten” our lives. And then? Buttner makes some suggestions, of course: things like beans with rice, bread with avocado or even minestrone. That is, except perhaps the avocado (and thanks to the millennials), all the options are proposals that are somewhat far away from us – culturally speaking. However, breakfasts with legumes, whole grains and vegetables are not impossible. On the contrary, there are things “very much ours”, like tomato toast, that with a little care, would work as a scandal. What is clear is that, beyond Buttner, the available nutritional evidence is clear: we have to abandon cookies, cereals and other sweet breakfasts and adopt cheap, satiating and fiber-rich options. It doesn’t matter if it’s avocado and hummus or tomato, bread and olive oil. The important thing, as always, is to be more aware of what we eat. Image | Leti Kugler | Mae Mu In Xataka | Eating late in the morning is a bad idea. Now science knows better why

OpenAI is obsessed with making ChatGPT the best financial AI, and it makes all the sense in the world

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OpenAI has launched a secret project to train its artificial intelligence models on complex financial tasks, according to Bloomberg quotea medium that claims to have had access to internal documents. As the media shares, the company led by Sam Altman has recruited more than 100 former employees of large investment banks such as JPMorgan Chase, Morgan Stanley and Goldman Sachs to teach its AI to build financial models, one of the most time-consuming jobs for junior analysts. Project Mercury. As pointed out by documents to which the media has had access, this initiative pays $150 per hour to these contractors to write instructions and develop financial models of different types, which can range from corporate restructuring to IPOs. Sources Bloomberg assures that participants also have early access to AI that is being trained specifically to replace these types of financial tasks. A selection process almost automated. As well as detail From sources close to the company, candidates go through a 20-minute initial interview with an AI chatbot, followed by tests on financial statements and a final modeling assessment. Once in the program, contractors are expected to submit one model per week, prepared in Excel following industry standards, from margins to percentage format. Another way for OpenAI to become profitable. Although OpenAI recently reached a valuation of $500 billionthe startup still has not been able to be profitable. And the company is burning money to invest in all kinds of projects, while large data centers are built with excessive consumption of energy and water. And all this while the subscription of your users It is one of the few ways through which the company obtains direct income, something that currently does not pay off. Mercury can enable its AI to penetrate a key sector such as consulting and finance, while providing a new avenue for income. Investment banking. Just like point In the middle, banking analysts usually work more than 80 hours a week, especially when it comes to managing active operations, building detailed models in Excel for all types of tasks. For this reason, allowing them to choose a reliable language model for their tasks could save them a lot of time. The same old dilemma. According to some experts to whom he has had access the Fortune mediumconsider that a transformation is more likely than a direct elimination of employment. “I’m not convinced we’ll get rid of junior workers anytime soon, but I could imagine a world where the skill set we need them to have is different,” explains to the medium Shawn DuBravac, economist and CEO of Avrio Institute. The first wave of automation in banking. DuBravac esteem that in the next year firms will try to automate between 60% and 70% of the time that analysts currently spend on routine tasks such as cleaning data, formatting spreadsheets and building basic models. However, according to a McKinsey survey published in March, only 38% of organizations using AI predict that generative models will have little effect on their workforce size in the next three years. AI in banks. OpenAI already has important links with the financial sector. In fact, Morgan Stanley uses its technology in its wealth management division, and Altman’s company recently obtained a line of credit of 4 billion dollars from JPMorgan Chase, among other examples. What is also interesting is that JPMorgan itself is actively working on becoming the first “completely AI-powered megabank” of the world. Cover image | OpenAI and Lo Lo In Xataka | Anthropic has seen what OpenAI is doing with its circular financing and has decided that you only live once

The average price of Mb/s in each country in the world, arranged in a graph in which there is a unicorn: United Arab Emirates

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Accessing the Internet is a necessity. In an increasingly connected world and in which we trust practically all aspects of our lives to online applicationshave a good coverage and speed It has become something essential. In fact, a server “blackout” like him recently lived with those from AWS demonstrates to what extent we depend on this connection. However, although the Internet is global, there is a huge digital divide. To the point that there are some who pay a cent per Mbps… and others exceed four euros for the same amount. The graph. With data from We Are Socialthe graph prepared by Visual Capitalist compare the price of megabit per secondor Mbps, in more than 60 countries in 2025. Before commenting on individual cases, because there are very striking ones, it must be said that the estimate is that the average price of Mbps worldwide is around 45 cents. The global average is also around 40 euros, but as we can see in the data, there are countries above and below that completely distort that average. And something important to understand is that the price of Internet responds to infrastructure and population density (it is expensive to bring broadband Internet to remote populations), but also to factors such as competition and tax policies. One question: United Arab Emirates. The United Arab Emirates perfectly exemplifies those last two points. It almost seems incredible, but the price of Mbps in the country exceeds four euros. Data from We Are Social puts it at $4.31 per Mb/s, almost double what is paid in the next most expensive country: Ghana with its $2.58 per Mb/s. On average, an Emirati pays between 100 and 140 dollars just to have Internet, and the big question is what is happening to make that happen. The answer? Politics and competition. In the UAE there are only two companies that provide the service, so this lack of real competition means that they do not have a need to lower the price. Do you want Internet? Well, take it or leave it. Plus, there is the political part. The State forces operators to transfer up to 30% of their profits to the country’s coffers, and it is something that directly affects the price of the final bill for the consumer. The speed not bad (an average of 300 Mbps), but it is evident that the price is prohibitive for many, potentially generating the aforementioned digital divide. The Romanian secret. In it opposite side On the spectrum we have the countries of Eastern Europe, specifically in a country whose flagship company we know well in Spain: Romania and DIGI. The average prices for fiber optics in the country are around 10 euros and the price of Mb/s is just 0.01 dollars. Russia and Poland are not far behind, and what has caused this is precisely the opposite of what is happening in the UAE. After the fall of communism, dozens of private operators They began to deploy decentralized fiber optic networks. Taking advantage of community wiring in cities and building blocks, the “last mile” problem was solved, allowing Internet to be offered to a large number of people with minimal costs. It is estimated that almost 90% of Romanian homes have high-speed Internet and DIGI has exported that “policy” outside its borders, offering the longed for 10 Gbps at the price of 1 Gbps in countries like Spain. Above the dollar. Commenting on each country is a complex process because there are multiple factors that come into play, but I find it almost more interesting to see which countries are whose Mbps exceeds the dollar. In fact, these countries perfectly exemplify everything that comes into play when it comes to offering a cheap connection: Swiss: The average price is just over two dollars per Mbps due to the dominance of a single operator and the country’s salary structure: high salaries and, therefore, high maintenance costs. Kenya: averages about $1.54 per Mbps due to its poor fiber infrastructure that makes the country depend to technologies like starlink or the google balloons. Now, the competition is increasing little by little. Morocco: its $1.16 is explained by uneven infrastructure and just three companies that dominate the market. Australia: At its $1.33 per Mbps, the tremendously dispersed geography comes into play, with rural areas very far from each other. Germany: It is the one that is around a dollar per Mb/s and is not the fastest connection in Europe, far from it. In fact, it is a paradoxical situation as it is a power in Europe while having a worse cost/speed ratio than its neighbors. Reason? A large operator that dominates the sector and an old infrastructure, with many areas in which copper continues to be the trend. The Spanish situation. Within our borders, Spain has a comfortable position. There is enough competition so that prices are affordable, with an average of about 10 cents per Mb/s and 1 Gbps packages that are around 30-40 euros per month, depending on the company. Unlimited data is not uncommon on smartphones either. There are many companies that compete in a controlled and regulated environment, with obligations such as sharing infrastructure, and all of this has caused Spain to be a benchmark in the fiber deploymenteven in rural areas. In Xataka | How to improve your WiFi signal in seven easy steps

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