supposed

Citizens were not supposed to pay the closure of the nuclear, but there is already a hole of 11,600 euros on the bill

by

Closing nuclear is not just a political decision, but also an economic problem. The dismantling bill and radioactive waste already exceeds 20.3 billion euros, and the debate between electric and government has only started. An invoice that does not stop growing. According to Enresa’s memorythe public company in charge of dismantling, the total expected cost already reaches 20,367 million euros. The majority corresponds to the dismantling of the reactors, with 17,520.5 million, while waste management and spent fuel, the so -called “electric rate”, adds 2,846.8 million. The rest of the activities, such as the management of the enusa fuel factory in Salamanca, complete the invoice. The fund that finances these operations, nourished with contributions from the electricity, accumulated 8,677 million at the end of 2024, after the 30% rise in the valuation rate since July of last year. This means that it only covers 43% of the planned cost, leaving in the air a gap of 11,690 million euros still to finance. The plan that changed everything. The 7th General Radioactive Waste Plan (PGRR), Approved at the end of 2023was a change of stage by definitely abandoning the centralized temporary warehouse project (ATC) in Villar de Cañas. Instead, waste has been chosen in independent temporary stores (ATI) located in each central, waiting for deep geological storage (AGP) that should be ready in 2072. The PGRR extends the forecasts up to 2100 and delays the total closure of the nuclear park until 2035with Trillo and Vandellós II as the latest plants in going out. To this is added the legal obligation to annually review the forecasts, which adjusts the costs to inflation and the new technical conditions. Electric against rates. The companies, headed by Iberdrola and Endesa, say that operating under this cost scheme is unfeasible. Both have presented resources in the courts against the increase of 30% of the Enresa rate and have claimed millionaire compensation. Besides, They have requested that the closing calendar be reopenedarguing that prolonging the useful life of the reactors would relieve pressure on the electrical system. According to a report by the consultant EY cited by Nuclear ForumSpain supports the highest nuclear fiscal burden in Europe, with 27.3 euros per megavatio hour in specific encumbrances, which in the opinion of companies places them at a clear disadvantage against other countries. The red line of the government. The Executive maintains its position: the costs of dismantling and management of waste will not fall on consumers. The minister for ecological transition, Sara Aagesen, has responded to electricity with three conditions for any extension of the nuclear park: that does not involve additional costs for citizens, that supply security is guaranteed and that plants strictly comply With the standards of the Nuclear Safety Council (CSN). The Government insists that there are no formal negotiations to extend the lives of the centrals and accuses companies to try to transfer their invoice to the whole citizenship. The Secretary of State for Energy, Joan Groizard, summarized the position In statements collected by eldiario.es: “They want part of the dismantling costs to be paid among all, and we will not transfer it to the whole citizenship.” Forecasts and uncertainties. Costs can continue to grow. The French case is a notice as they have advanced at eldiario.es: The Andra agency reviewed in 2025 the cost of the AGP Cigéo between 26,100 and 37,500 million, an increase of up to 60% compared to 2016. In Spain they have prepared The 9th R&D Plan (2024-2028) of Enresa It includes 31 million in research to develop containers, confinement materials and recover fuel. A modest figure compared to billions at stake, but key to preparing the future AGP of 2072 and reducing long -term risks. In addition, Spain faces this solo calendar within Europe. While France, Sweden or Switzerland choose to expand the life of their reactors or even promote new projects, the Spanish PGRR maintains a plan of Progressive closure without planned extensions. A debate that goes beyond closing. The balance of the electrical system is also present. This summer a paradox has been evidenced: historical record of solar production in Europe, but invoices fired by the lack of storage and the need to resort to gas in night hours. In that hole is where the nuclear has played so far a stable backup role, but does not solve that background problem: it only postpones the closure, it makes the costs more expensive and aggravates the inheritance of waste. The dilemma is clear: can you do without it before the network is prepared to guarantee the same stability without firing the price of light? For the Government, the response is to accelerate renewables, storage and interconnections. For electricity, to keep the nuclear live longer. Image | Unspash Xataka | The largest nuclear fusion project on the planet has survived the setbacks. This is the date on which Iter should be ready

The renewables were supposed to lower the electricity bill in Spain. At the moment it continues to go up

by

Before the blackout of April 28, the numbers in the production of solar energy reached amazing levels: Spain was 100% renewable. After the situation, Spain shines again exceeding 10,500 GWh of generation in July with solar and wind energy. However, not everything is good news because an energy paradox appears to solve: why has electricity not been cheaper? A green record that does not show in the pocket. According to provisional Red Electricity data (REE) published by the energy analyst Pedro Catuelin July more than 10,500 GWH per month were reached combining solar and wind generation. The graph disseminated by Catuel in its social networks makes it clear: Spain is producing more clean energy than ever. But while the sun shines and the wind blows, the cost of electricity rises again. In mid -July, the average price of light stood at € 164.06/MWh, According to Ree figures collected in Xataka. Getting down to € 102.85/MWh the day after that figure, but only for an hour was really affordable. And there is the paradox: with more renewable than ever, The price should lowerbut it doesn’t. If there are more renewable, why do we pay more? The answer is technical, structural and political at the same time. As we have already explained in Xatakaduring the noon – when the solar generation is maximum – there is a surplus of energy and the price collapses. However, when the sun falls and there is still demand, the system needs firm support. And that support today does not give the renewables: gas enters. And with him, the bill was the one who shot the price. To this time dependence is added another problem: the lack of storage. A good part of the renewable energy generated cannot be saved or transferred efficiently and ends up losing. Electric Red has confirmed that in some points of the network up to 30 % of the renewable generation due to infrastructure saturation has been wasted. And as if this were not enough, since January it has re -applied the complete VAT of 21 % to electricity, after years of reduced by the energy crisis. This, added to the increase in natural gas in international markets, has further increased the invoice, As the Nordy marketer has alerted in his analysis of the rise in light in 2025. There is a turn of events. It is true that VAT has risen and there is an obvious lack of storage. However, since July 15, Spain It has been three weeks without generating electricity from coal. It is the first time that happens in more than 140 years, where this source was also functioning as a support element. According to The Energy newspaper has detailedthe latest thermal plants – Boño, Soto de Ribera and Los Barrios, all of EDP – have been out of operation. Only Alcudia (in the Balearic Islands), as a timely reserve. Generation structure with/without CO2 eq emissions. (GWh) | Source: Red Electrica España So will prices go down? The intention is, but the execution encounters politics. Royal Decree-Law 7/2025, which collected key measures to avoid future blackouts and reinforce the network, was rejected in Congress On July 22, with 183 votes against. The standard included self -consumption incentives, more control over electricity and an impulse to energy storage. Without that legal framework, the Spanish electrical system remains vulnerable and rigid. There is a clear saturation: only 1 in 10 new facilities manages to access the network, although there is unused technical capacity. In the medium term, the government expects to launch capacity auctions before the end of the year, to keep gas plants as support as batteries and other technologies. But this, as the employers of the sector warn, will take time. The route map is more than clear. And the road is quite long: more storage, intelligent networks, decentralization, demand management. The challenge is not only to generate more renewable energy, but make it useful when it is most needed. And that requires investment, infrastructure and political decisions. Meanwhile, the paradox continues: we have cheap energy at noon, but we cannot use it at night. The invoice, as always, does not expect. Image | HPGRESEN Xataka | Spain was supposed to have a “antiapagones” plan. It has encountered an insurmountable obstacle: politics

The agents were supposed to go for AI in another dimension in 2025. As with other things of AI, it was only supposed to

by

2025 was going to be the year of the AI ​​agents. They have said personalities such as CEO of Nvidia either Sam Altman. The main companies dedicated to AI have presented their agents: Anthropic, OpenAI, Google… the agents AI aimed to be The great revolution This year, but what we are seeing leaves enough to be desired. More and more voices are lowering expectations. Experts in creating hype. If the AI ​​gurus are experts, it is to generate expectation. At the beginning of the year, Altman said that the agents were going to transform the labor in 2025. Six months later, He clarified his speech: “IA agents are behaving as Junior employees.” Now, The year of the agents will be 2026but perhaps this is not a realistic prediction either. Not so quickly. More and more voices are calling for calm. In The Algorithmic Bridge They talk about the hype that has been given to AI agents and how it is contributing to being lost confidence in the sector. And, wanting to run a lot generates false expectations and ends up disappointing. One of these voices is that of Andrej Karpathy, Openai co-founder and responsible for Ia in Teslaso some of AI, knows. Karpathy calls for calm: “There are many people too excited about AI agents.” The promise. After the boom of the language models, the AI ​​agents are presented as the next great evolution. While a chatbot can only ask for one task, an agent can plan larger tasks autonomously. For example, an AI agent could manage the stock of a store, controlling what is needed and orders to suppliers, all autonomously. On paper, agents are very powerful tools and pose a very serious threat to many jobs. Reality. If 2025 is leaving something clear about the AI ​​agents, is that They fail more than a fair shotgun. Have already been put into practice in several cases such as Creation of this fictitious company either This experiment which Anthropic carried out. The result has been disappointing. One of the points at which they failed is when looking for the Internet. For example, one of these agents left a task to complete because a pop-up appeared on the screen and failed to close it. When they leave their surroundings, agents tend to fail more because they find information that they do not control, as in the case of pop-up. Another type of agents, such as Claude Code, work in a closed environment and are much more reliable. Another limitations is the time they can be working. Has been seen as AI agents make a mistake in a task, are chained in the successivecausing the solution to be compromised and echo all the work. And this worsens the longer working. A possible solution to this problem would be put to work in parallel in order to contrast and find the optimal solution. Your time will come. IA agents are not ready to function autonomously and replace a 100%worker, but that does not mean they will not reach that point. In fact, they are already improving. According to This researchAI agents are increasing the time they can work autonomously in a task with a 50%success rate. In 2024 the time was 8 minutes and is currently already in 1 hour. If they continue to improve in a sustained way, by 2027 they can work four hours in a row. Karpathy compares him to his first trip at a Waymo Robotaxi in 2013: “We have spent 12 years and continue working.” We are not in the year of the AI ​​agentsbut “the decade of the agents. This will take a long time. We have to do it carefully. This is software, let’s be serious, ”he warns. Image | Gemini In Xataka | A group of experts in AI attended a party in a mansion. The topic of conversation: what will be when AI ends humanity

Online trade was supposed to retire supermarkets. The reality is that in Spain they do not stop opening

by

Despite all its uncertainties and The unknowns sown by the tariff war, 2025 promises to be a good year for the supermarket sector. At least if we trust Growth forecasts and shared figures A few days ago by Asedasthe Spanish Association of Distributors, Self -Services and Supermarkets. According to their estimates, during the first four months of the year 244 stores have opened in Spain, 25% more than during the same period last year. Not just that. The sector expects to say goodbye to 2025 with 850 new establishments. If confirmed, the map of establishments distributed throughout Spain could exceed the 26,000 barrier. A figure: 778. He arrives at the majority of cities and large municipalities in the country to verify the trend, but besieged, the employer of the sector, has put figures: In Spain there are more and more supermarkets. According to their latest annual report, in 2024 they opened 778 new stores that raised the total map of points of sale of the country (self -services, super and hypermarkets) to 25,585. Once the closures are discounted, that leaves a “Net growth” of 352 businesses with respect to those operated in 2023. And how will this year go? Although 2024 closed with a map of the sale map, the inaugurations rhythm was somewhat lower than that of recent years. In 2024, 778 openings were registered, but in 2023 they were 787 and the previous year 889. Asedas, which Agglutina To companies such as Savoramas, Aldi, Covirán, Día, Lidl or Mercadona, hope that this “slight descent” is “passenger”. The reason: So far this year the association has already registered 244 openings, 25% more than during the same months of 2024. Their forecasts pass because the year ends with 850 new premises. Changes in the sector. Beyond its opening data or the size of the National Park, The report Asedas is interesting because it leaves some ideas about the trends that govern in the sector. The most interesting probably is that the supermarket format “strengthens itself as the most successful”, compared to others such as self -service or hypermarket. The association also requires that more than half of the stores (about 50.6%) “They are framed in proximity and coexistence formulas.” Interesting is also the speed with which the market changes. Asedas estimates that since 2021 almost a quarter (23%) of the network has been renewed or renovated. For the collective the key to that “dynamism” connects mainly with associative trade, such as franchises and cooperatives, which in 2024 were behind approximately 60% of the openings. “They have a great impact on the rural world, since a third of these inaugurations occurred in municipalities with less than 10,000 inhabitants,” They emphasize. “Regional leaders”. Another of the keys to the growth of the sector is, In Asedas opinionin the “regional leaders.” In fact, in its report, the focus on 25 companies (audited in total 320 companies) that increased their average commercial area from 2021, which far exceeds the general tendency of the sector, which also grew, but only 4.3%, were audited. It is not the first to point in that direction. In 2024 Kantar He already pointed out in Another sectorial study How the super regional were planting the white brands and large chains. “In a context of market stability, the organized distribution sector has registered a 0.6% growth in volume during 2024, mainly driven by short assortment chains and regional supermarkets,” Kantar collected in February, in February Another report in which he calculates that regional ones have reached a quota of 18% after having grown 0.7 points. The reason: its supply of frescoes, personalized service and expansion to new geographical areas. Pending rural. Asedas slides another interesting idea: despite the urban exodus, their data shows that in Rural the retail Food continues to register more openings than closures. Between 2020 and 2024 he estimates that they have opened their doors 1,117 new stores In municipalities with less than 10,000 inhabitants, which means that almost a quarter (23.6%) of the openings were concentrated in rural environments. The employer also highlights the role of small businesses and family chains with networks of 10 or even less stores, although the truth is that smaller businesses do not always endure the thrust of the chains. Kantar slides That the growth of the “organized distribution sector”, including regional supermarkets, has been achieved in part by the “volume transfer” from the “traditional trade”, which has punctured almost 4%. Their February data They corroborate that operators with the highest market share in value are Mercadona, Carrefour, Lidl, Eroski, Dia, Consum, Alcampo, Aldi and IFA. Among the nine bind a quota that touches 70% of the market. In total Asedas estimates that the sector set has 25,585 active establishments (14,486 supermarkets, 10,589 self -service and 510 hypermarkets) that give direct employment to about 414,100 people. The annual investment in new construction of the Round collective between 1,000 and 1.3 billion of euros. Are all opportunities? No. Despite the opening data or the increase in the benefit (together the main companies added 2,141 million of euros in 2023, with an ascending profitability curve), the sector also faces challenges. The main one: although the business expect to growwill do it in a very competitive scenario. “In a market that barely grows in volume, the challenge is to gain share of other competitors. It requires having a clear and differential value proposal, which attracts and fidelize better to consumers and exploit roads of inorganic growth,” Comment to The avant -garde Enrique Porta, consumer partner and retail of the KPMG audit. Another key is to adapt to new market trends, such as less and less weight relative of the hyper, or adjust the size of the network to the demand. After all, although the sector expects to register hundreds of new openings throughout the year, which could even raise the points of sale above 26,000, Nor is it alien to closures, layoffs and readjustments. Images | Alcampo and Eroski In Xataka | In … Read more

Cryptocurrencies were supposed to “become” independent “from the power of states. The US has just killed him

by

Donald Trump has just given the green light of cryptocurrencies that will be part of the Strategic cryptocurrency reserve in the US. His arrival involves the failure of the foundations on which Bitcoin and the rest of cryptocurrencies were created: a free “decentralized” economy of the power of governments. The strategic cryptocurrency reserve. In July 2024, Wyoming Senator Cynthia Lummis presented A bill for the creation of a “Bitcoins Strategic Reserve”. This reserve would be generated from the differentials between the Federal Reserve and the Treasury of the United States, investing that surplus in Bitcoin or other cryptocurrencies to maintain stable value. Lummis’s first proposal was to take control of 1 million bitcoins, 5% of the existing total. The objective of obtaining a large volume of cryptocurrencies is that, a state state or entity (in this case USA, although it can be extrapolated to any other country) Acquire and keep A significant volume of cryptocurrencies. This volume will serve as alternative financial support in situations of economic crisis, geopolitical tensions or steep fluctuations in the value of traditional goods and assets. The contradiction. The creation of this reserve makes the states a safeguard of stability in the price of cryptocurrencies due to the predictability of their public investment plans, or executioners of your investors When they decide to get rid of their enormous positions. Trump already showed his intention to take control of Bitcoin using this formula, As reported Reuters. In short, as gigantic market whalesstates would take control of the value of crypts as they do with gold, or with the Intervention in the Fiat currency. They only have to change their behavior with respect to that currency and its value will grow or devalue. When Trump has given him his support, the price of cryptocurrencies has grownwhen the Biden administration retired it, They collapsed. The problem: cryptocurrencies do not exist. The opposite voices To the measure approved by Donald Trump to create a national cryptocurrency reserve, they point out that, unlike other reserves, cryptocurrencies are a purely speculative instrument in which its value depends on what the buyer is willing to pay for him. States use their national strategic reserves (oil, gas, gold, grain or vaccines) for shock the impact of increasing of those assets before their Supply shortagegeopolitical crisis, etc. That is, they have an impact on the supplies and services of their citizens. Instead, a cryptocurrency reserve would only benefit those who have investments in chiptomyned, regardless of whether they live in the US, China or Mozambique, such and as they point out from Financial Times. “The background would give Bitcoin speculators the security that when the crisis arrives, the State will use this fund to rescue them,” said Ramaa Vasudevan, professor of Economics at the State University of Colorado to Inventopedia. The US decides the winners. With the creation of this US strategic reserve, the supposed freedom of cryptocurrencies has been conditioned by the choice of certain currencies, which ensure their stability and future growth, compared to others that do not have that support, As you remember in CNBC. Adam Blumberg, co -founder and Vice President of Advice Services of Enclave Group pointed out the enormous contradiction that exists in a government (especially that of a superpower such as the US) Control an asset Decentralized “In the next elections a new administration could arrive that needs to find money to pay debts or social security, and could sell the reservation (cryptocurrencies) were not created for that and puts too much power in the hands of the federal government, which is always in a cycle of four or even two years,” said the expert. End of the dream of freedom. As Bloomberg pointed out In one of its publishersthe origin of cryptocurrencies was to allow people to make economic transactions without centralized intermediaries such as banks or governments. With the creation of this or other state reserves, what we are are are active and controlled by the governments and agencies of those who tried to flee that invest in them the money of all citizens (they want or not invest it). In Xataka | Bitcoin has broken records in 2024 and has fired the fortunes: there are 95% more cryptocurrency In Xataka | There are 22 milmonaries for cryptocurrencies in the world. Only six of them are to invest in Bitcoin Image | Flickr (Gage Skidmore), Unspash (Art Rachen)

Online trade was supposed to end the shopping centers. Reality has been just the opposite

by

The combination of online trade boom and the Platforms of Ecommerceadded to The misgivings that came from the US and THE MAZAZO The pandemic made the shopping centers face a particular (and threatening) ‘storm’. There was even talk of “Apocalypse of retail“. That is left behind. Or at least this is suggested by the figures that handle the commercial areas of Spain. In addition to grow in sales and activitythey have become an appetizing candy in the eyes of investors, one that moves hundreds of millions of euros in transactions. And there is a round data that demonstrates it: 1,000 million. Complicated years. Pandemia hit enough sectors and business models. And shopping centers They were no exception. Between health restrictions and changes in consumption habits, during the worst years of COVID-19 its managers suffered a Influence collapse of customers and a collapse in Sales. As in other industries, although in the case of large surfaces that scenario was added to another more structural cariz threat: the competition of the Ecommerce and platforms such as Aliexpress. Was who wondered If the shopping centers would have a future in a world in which trade and entertainment changed driven by Amazon or Netflix. In the US they even coined the term “Apocalypse of retail“. From there a fear expanded that He arrived in Europe (and Spain) despite some experts They warned Already at that time that the sector was different here from the American, with an average density of commercial areas lower than that of the US market. From ugly duckling to swan. That scenario seems to be behind. The salmon press carry months suggesting itbut the most forceful test left it a few days ago A chronicle of Five days in which a significant fact is provided: 2025 has started with five operations of sale of shopping centers from Spain to the point of caramel and adding, together, around one billion euros. The data is interesting for its volume. But also because it shows that, despite the catastrophic scenario that was painted years ago, when there was talk of the “apocalypse of the retail“And the threat of electronic commerce, shopping centers continue to interest investors. As suggests The chronicle of Five days, The data suggests that the old “real estate duckling” will become swan. What operations are? These five operations on track and in which relevant news is expected during the first half of the year are starred in centers distributed by the country. The Economic newspaper speaks of Mediterranean space (Cartagena), Corridor Park (Torrejón de Ardoz), the 50% of the capital from Madrid Xanadú (Aroyomolinos), Bonaire (Aldaya) and Alcalá Magna (Alcalá de Henares). Each case has its peculiar, route and actors, but share a common denominator that says a lot from the sector: they all point to draft operations, for high amounts, nine digits. Its sum would in fact around the one billion. And the most curious thing is that the figure does not seem to respond to a specific interest in shopping centers. The AECC data They show that in 2024 there was already progress in relevant transfer and investments for more than 900 million. The key: profitability. It is not surprising that 2025 start with such a scenario. The operations of the shopping centers are moving investmentthe sector It has managed to grow both in billing and in traffic throughout the last year and appraisals – after the scenario that was lived in 2022 and 2023 – are attractive enough to awaken the appetite of investors. The economic return they aspire is also tempting. Five days Precisethat transactions are closing to a profitability between 7 and 8%, which exceeds other assets, such as offices Prime or the house for rent. “The commercial centers market is at an optimal time. Investors are aware that assets offer a ratio between very attractive risk and profitability and we are facing a window of limited opportunity to benefit from these conditions,” He pointed in 2024 Augusto Lobo, Capital Director Markets Retail de Jll Spain. “Again at the radar”. In July the financial firm BNP Paribas Real Estate launched A similar message When talking about Spain. “The shopping centers are again in the radar of investors,” he summed up in Your balance July after remembering that during “a long period” the activity in the sector retail He had focused on other types of premises, such as commercial miles (High Street) or food. The keys to change: good sales and influx figures and “profitability that begin to be attractive.” Throughout the last months they have been published Several balances that They reflectIn fact, shopping centers have thrown out of the sector retailagglutinating a good part of your investment. “In the years before the pandemic it seemed that the segment of physical stores was falling and that the Ecommerce I was going to monopolize the sector as a whole. However, it has been shown that the sector retailIt is very resilient and still has a lot to offer “, Cristina Macarrón commentsfrom Castilana Properties, to Five days. In 2025, with good mouth taste. The shopping centers have started 2025 with a good foot for another reason, beyond the millionaire transactions in the trees: despite the most pessimistic predictions of the “apocalypse of the retail“, In Spain, large surfaces are gaining traffic and billing, a trend that probably also influences investors’ prospects. The last Cushman & Wakefield data They show that sales on these surfaces grew 3.5% in 2024, an increase very similar to that registered in the influx of customers, which was 3.4%. Another positive percentage for the sector is the occupation of commercial spaces, which has reached 95.4% of the GLA, the gross alleged surface. They are good data, especially if one takes into account that in 2023 the sector (commercial centers and parks) had already raised its sales by 9.6% year -on -year, with 52,051 million eurosachieving its historical maximum. Images | Intu xanadú and Welovebarcelona.de (Unsplash) In Xataka | A 109 -meter … Read more

Log In

Forgot password?

Forgot password?

Enter your account data and we will send you a link to reset your password.

Your password reset link appears to be invalid or expired.

Log in

Privacy Policy

Add to Collection

No Collections

Here you'll find all collections you've created before.