retire

There is a way to retire at age 63 in Spain. The key requirement is not age, it is pension

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Retiring at 63 is possible in Spain, although you have to meet a series of requirements very specific to be able to do it. All this is due to the network of possibilities that do not depend so much on your age, but on your pension or the years you have been contributing. The retirement age The minimum age in Spain has gone from 66 years and ten months in 2026 if you have contributed less than 38 years and 3 months, and to 65 years if you equal or exceed those years of contributions. Early retirements allow you to retire up to two years earlier, and that opens the door to being able to do so at 63, although only in certain circumstances. Three key requirements. To qualify for early retirement, you have to meet several requirements. First of all, you must have contributed to Social Security for a minimum of 35 years. Secondly, you must be a maximum of 2 years younger than your corresponding retirement age. And the third requirement is the key, because the pension you have left after applying the reducing coefficients must be higher than the amount of the minimum pension that would correspond to you when you turn 65 according to your family situation. The key is the pension and the reducing coefficients. With all this, what should be clear to you is that retiring at age 63 depends on the pension you will have if you do so, and that you will not be able to retire early at that age if you will have a pension that is too low. And when calculating the pension you will have, the reducing coefficients for early retirement come into play, whether voluntary or involuntary. These are percentages that are subtracted from your pension for bringing your retirement forward, and the more you want to advance it and the fewer years you have contributed, the greater the percentage that will be subtracted from your final pension. And these percentages are final, the pension you have left after applying them is the one you will receive for the rest of your life. In 2026, the percentages of the reducing coefficients for voluntary early retirement are between 2.81% and 21%. The percentage that you have left will depend first on the number of months in advance with which you request your retirement with respect to the ordinary retirement age. And secondly, it will also depend on what you have quoted. This second part is divided into four different sections. But so that it’s not too much of a hassle, this is the official table where they tell you the sections and reductions: In this way, that maximum 21% is taken away if you want to advance your retirement to the maximum, 24 full months, and if you have contributed for less than 38 years and 6 months. On the other hand, if you only want one month in advance and you have been contributing for more than 44 years and 6 months, your pension will only be reduced by 2.81%. Then, all that remains is for you to calculate your specific case in the retirement simulator of Social Security. There are other types of retirement. Everything we have told you is referring to voluntary retirements, but there are also other cases of involuntary early retirement. These are those that are due to external causes, things that you do not ask for, such as collective or objective dismissals, judicial resolutions of the contract and similar. This modality can lead to advancing the ordinary retirement age up to 4 years if there is a minimum of 33 years of contributions, and if you register as a job seeker at least 6 months before requesting it. But of course, this depends on each specific case. As for the self-employed, they can retire early voluntarily with the same conditions as employees, just as we have explained to you, with the same minimums and reductions. And then there are the officials, for whom it depends on the regime that corresponds to them. General Regime officials have the same conditions and requirements as employees, which we have already explained to you. And those in the Passive Classes Regime can voluntarily retire early at age 60 if they have been serving the State for 30 years. Image | pxhere.com In Xataka Basics | Request a card for Social Security retirees and take advantage of discounts

Having two jobs will have served to collect more pension. There is a fine print: you will not retire early

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Having two jobs is a way to have a better salary, and it also helps you when it comes to having a larger pension. when your working life ends. This helps you both in a present where aspects such as housing increasingly take up more of your salary, but also to have a future with more guarantees. However, there is also a small print that you should take into account, and that is that more hours worked have no influence when counting the days contributed. Come on, it can help you with the amounts in retirement, but not in the dates or times. What does multiple employment influence?. He moonlighting It is when a worker has two or more jobs as an employee, and both are included within the same Social Security regime. In these cases, each company contributes for the salary it pays the worker. Come on, you have several contribution bases for the same period of time. Beyond allowing you to have more money each month by having two or more payers, moonlighting also influences when calculating what you will receive in your future pension. Come on, it serves to have a greater retirement pension, since the contribution bases that you have generated in each company accumulate, and this influences when calculating the regulatory base of the pension. No, having two or more jobs for a couple of years is not going to make you collect a much higher pension, but if you keep these two or more jobs for several years, then it can make a difference. There is a maximum contribution base. However, another thing you should know is that you are not going to add salaries to your contribution base unlimitedly. There is a limit, and currently the maximum contribution base is 5,101.20 euros per month. This means that the bases of your different jobs cannot exceed that limit, it is the maximum. When it comes down to it, what this means is that if you have a job that is already close to that maximum contribution base, adding a second job will not affect what you earn in retirement much in the long term. But if you have a normal job that is much further away from that maximum base, adding a second job can really make a difference. Does not count towards retirement date. No, having more jobs and contributing more does not affect the retirement date nor does it mean that you can retire earlier. Social Security counts the days contributed by calendar dates, by the number of contracts or by the hours worked. Come on, if working 8 hours a day counts the same as working 16 hours, the second hardly makes you contribute two days instead of one. Therefore, if you have several jobs you will earn more money, and when it is time to retire you will have a larger pension. However, no matter how many jobs you have had, you will not be able to retire sooner. Another thing is that when you look when can you retire with the official simulator You see that, thanks to multiple jobs, early retirement suits you well and you decide on another option. But when it comes to what you need to retire, it won’t affect you. Image | Pexels In Xataka | In Spain, those over 65 years of age are working like never before. It’s not passion for work: it’s for retirement age

“As AI takes on more jobs, you’ll be able to retire earlier and work shorter workweeks”

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Bill Gates has been talking for some time about a topic that has become almost an obsession for the millionaire: what will happen to work when AI takes care of a good part of it. The technology magnate did so sitting in front of the Indian businessman and host of the podcast “People by WTF” Nikhil Kamath. During the conversationGates presented his concerns and predictions about the future of work, from the perspective of someone who has been away from the front line of business for many years and is close to retirement age (if that is the case). millionaires retire one day to be). “In 20 years, AI will have changed things enough that this purely capitalist framework probably won’t explain much anymore.” The shortage that Gates considers dead. The founder of Microsoft assures that “we have always had a shortage: a shortage of doctors, of teachers, of people to work in factories. These shortages will cease to exist. It will be a quite profound change, which will free up a lot of time.” That is, thanks to the implementation of AI and robotics tools, the deficit of professionals in certain areas will be reduced. The data agrees with the founder of Microsoft, at least in relation to the shortage of qualified labor in strategic sectors like the toiletor the teacher, for whom UNESCO foresees a shortage of 44 million primary and secondary education teachers by 2030. “For those of us who have been in a world of scarcity for almost 70 years, it is difficult to even adapt,” acknowledges the millionaire. Hands made of metal. Beyond the knowledge work that AI can develop, the veteran millionaire also spoke about the role of robotics and how robots will contribute to reducing people’s working hours and working lives. “You have to have extraordinary hands to do those things. We will achieve it,” says Gates about the work of robots in factories, construction and in sectors as physically punished as hotel cleaning. He’s not the only one who thinks so. NVIDIA CEO Jensen Huang estimates that humanoid robots could move a market of 40 billion dollars. Elon Musk, assured that by 2040, there will be at least 10 billion humanoid robots priced between $20,000 and $25,000. Still lacks real skill for perform with ease and reliability in an industrial environment, but investments and engineering are already at work in that direction, just as Gates predicts. Retire early: the old promise that seems to be moving away. The most controversial phrase in the interview, however, refers to the fact that employees will no longer need to have such a long career to access retirement, something that clashes head-on with the policies of delay in retirement age that many are applying countries of the worldamong which find Spain. “You will be able to retire earlier, work shorter work weeks, and that will require almost a philosophical rethinking of how time should be spent (…) We will have created, in a way, free intelligence.” Gates’ approach is not new at all. In 1930, the economist John Maynard Keynes predicted that technology would reduce the work week to just 15 hours. Almost a century later, a full-time worker in the US spends on average 8.5 hours to work on a working day, while in Spain it is dedicated between 40 and 37.5 hours per week. The promise of more free time has not been fulfilled for almost a hundred years.

What is the minimum age this year and how to know when you can retire

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Let’s tell you what it is the new retirement age in 2026since the minimum age has once again increased by 2 months compared to last year. Thus, if you are already close in age and want to know exactly from what years and months you can retire, you will have this information. We are also going to tell you how to know when you can retireusing a tool that will take into account your work history to calculate it for you. So, if you are going to apply for retirementyou will be able to know when you can retire and how much you will earn with this contributory pension. Minimum retirement age in 2026 The minimum retirement age in 2026 becomes 66 years and ten months. This represents an increase of two months compared to the retirement age we had in 2025, which in turn was 2 months higher than the previous year. This new change has begun to be applied starting January 1. And as for the change itself, this is because the retirement age is going to increase little by little over the next few years. You can review this update and how it will continue to change in our article with the retirement table. How to know when it’s time to retire To find out when it is your turn to retire, you can use the new web retirement simulator of Social Security, whose address is benefits.seg-social.es. Once you enter the website, Click on the section Retirement You will see where they ask what they can help you with. You will go to a page with all the procedures related to retirement. here, now press the button Access of the Retirement simulatorwhich will see you in a different colored window. This will take you to the retirement pension simulator page, where you will find several options. In it, simply press the button Simulate which will appear in blue. This will take you to the page where you will have to identify with some of the alternatives that the system offers you. You will be able to use the Cl@ve Permanent or Cl@ve Pinan SMS or via DNIe either digital certificate. Click on the option you want and complete the identification steps. Finally you will enter the simulator, where you will be able to edit and confirm your personal situations. When you do, you will be able to see your retirement pension simulation, where The exact date on which you can retire will be indicatedand the amounts you will receive when you finally do it. In Xataka Basics | Request a card for Social Security retirees and take advantage of discounts

France has begun to retire Windows from its administration. It is the beginning of his divorce from Microsoft, Google and Amazon

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Digital sovereignty in Europe has gone from being a theoretical concept to something increasingly tangible and desirable with respect to the technology we consume. It is no longer just a trend that is increasingly more individual people are tryingbut has also become an object of desire for administrations and companies. The path to becoming independent from big tech in the United States is not easy and while there are startups like Mistral who gets rich in the processthere is a state that has decided to take a brave step forward: France. In a global environment where data and infrastructure are geopolitical weapons, the French Government, through the Interministerial Directorate for Digital (DINUM), has launched an aggressive roadmap to regain control over their information systems, thus reducing the hegemony of non-EU technological solutions. And it has started with Windows. The decision. In a high-level inter-ministerial seminar, DINUM together with ANSSI, the State Purchasing Directorate and the DGE formalized the most ambitious commitment to digital sovereignty adopted to date by a Western European power. Or what is the same: France wants to exit the American technological ecosystem in a systematic, planned way and with specific deadlines. It is not an experiment, it is state policy. The guideline is clear: map and reduce dependence on technology suppliers from outside the EU. The measure is not a veto but rather a mandatory transition towards a model where public administration must prioritize local or open source solutions, especially in critical services and sensitive data processing. As has declared the Minister of Action and Public Accounts David Amiel: “ We can no longer accept that our data, our infrastructure and our strategic decisions depend on solutions whose rules, prices, evolution and risks we do not control.” Why is it important. From a systems engineering and cybersecurity point of view, the measure is vital for issues such as protecting against Cloud Act of the United States, the law that allows its authorities to access data stored in American companies regardless of where the servers are located. On the other hand, it guarantees that the state maintains its necessary technical capabilities to operate its own infrastructure without depending on proprietary “black boxes” and to heal itself in the event of a change in conditions or other external problems. But this phased migration is much more than an OS change: it involves dismantling the entire associated ecosystem, certificates and applications designed for Windows. It means rebuilding the digital foundations of the state from the roots so that they function with total autonomy and without foreign parts, without citizens noticing the change on the surface. Context. Our daily personal, professional and bureaucratic lives live in an ecosystem governed by hyperscalersthose technology companies like Microsoft, Google or Amazon that dominate storage and cloud computing. This mention is not random: they alone eat more than 60% of the cloud cake, as Statista collects. The increase in cyber threats and the US technological monopoly in the West and its increasingly invasive turn to the privacy of others have done the rest. France has been maturing the doctrine for years “Cloud au Center“. While the ANSSI audited the dependencies on critical infrastructures, its sovereign cloud was being forged as a real alternative. In addition, the European regulatory framework, with the NIS2 directive wave cyber resilience lawhas created the ideal breeding ground. With tools like TchapVisio, FranceTransfert and Socle Numérique (alternatives to WhatsApp, Teams, WeTransfer or Microsoft 365, respectively) France no longer only has a plan, but a real operational base on which to scale. The plan towards sovereignty. It is neither a toast to the sun nor does it have vague and diffuse measurements or distant dates, but concrete, tangible movements and which is either already being implemented or is scheduled to be completed before the end of the year: DINUM abandons Windows and migrates its jobs to Linux. It is the first central State agency to do so. Already underway. Migration of 80,000 agents from the Caisse Nationale d’Assurance Maladie (equivalent to Social Security) to sovereign tools: Tchap, Visio and FranceTransfert. Already underway. Migration of the health data platform to a reliable European solution. Scheduled for the end of 2026. Duties for each ministry: present a dependency reduction plan, which includes databases, antivirus, AI or collaborative tools. For this fall. Yes, but. France has a basic skeleton and a legal framework, as well as public-private coalitions to accelerate the transition through concrete and measurable public commitments. But it won’t be easy. Exiting Windows involves disassembling Active Directory and what is behind it, something that costs a lot of time and money. And migrating 80,000 agents to new tools is not so much a technology problem but rather a problem of implementing new management. Also, go out where. Many European solutions still do not reach the integration, ease of use and capacity (especially in AI) of American big tech, which implies a step backwards in terms of quality. But even if it were possible, moving from a proprietary infrastructure to a sovereign one implies an enormous investment in time, personnel training and data migration. Finally, maintaining and evolving our own infrastructure requires specialized and experienced personnel in a market where talent is scarce and expensive. In Xataka | The CEO of Mistral sends a message to Europe: the end of being the technological vassal of the United States In Xataka | Europe seeks to become independent from Microsoft Office. Your alternative is already here, but not without controversy Cover | Clint Patterson and Arno Senoner

when the boomers retire

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Although the teleworking rate in Spain has been doubled since 2019, in the last two years has stagnated around 14%. The return to the office that companies have promoted has caused the hybrid day to climb positions, while 100% remote days they are going backwards. However, according to a recent report from the US National Bureau of Economic Research, in the not too distant future this situation will once again shift towards remote work models. Specifically, the report places this change at the moment in which current CEOs retire of the Baby Boom generation. Young people love teleworking. According to the study of National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), workers in companies created after 2015 allow on average 27% more days of teleworking than those companies founded before 1990. For their part, self-employed professionals work from home more than twice as often as other workers. Researchers at Stanford University observed a pattern in data from 8,000 American workers ages 20 to 64, surveyed monthly through 2025. Startups often adopt technologies and ways of working that facilitate remote work from the start. As your age advances, the possibility of teleworking is progressively reduced. The age of the boss makes a difference. The study found a direct relationship between the age of the company’s CEO and the number of days its employees were allowed to telework. The younger the CEO, the more days a week teleworking was allowed to your employees. The data show a clear drop in required office days as the age of the manager decreases. This suggests that younger managers accept teleworking as something natural, not as an extra effort that slows down daily performance. “Employees telework more frequently in companies with younger CEOs,” the study’s authors noted. Relationship between the age of CEOs and teleworking time Source: NBER Boomer retirement will drive change. According to the researchers, as managers boomers and generation they retire Over the next decade, millennials and Generation Z will take over. This will make teleworking once again the norm, not the exception, despite the fact that the current policies of large technology companies such as Amazon or JPMorgan require going to the office five days a week. ​The NBER study concludes that this trend can mark a turning point when changing jobs for those who do not want to wait for their bosses to retire to work more days from home: if you want to telework more days, prioritize young companies with young bosses. Bosses who were trained remotely. As and how they stand out in Fortuneyounger CEOs are not only more aware of the importance of flexible hours and teleworking in the well-being of employees, but they have trained and developed their companies with tools such as Slack, Zoom or AI from the beginning. This generates companies that are digitally native by nature, where remote and in-person work use the same tools and processes. Mark Dixon, CEO of the coworking platform International Workplace Group (IWG), stated in an interview for Fortune that “embrace comprehensive technology, which includes flexible working, remote location, high levels of technology and using technology to get the most out of your people. Those will be the winning companies, because it is people-centric.” In Xataka | Neither tax incentives nor free daycare have managed to improve birth rates: teleworking has Image | Unsplash (Redmind Studio)

It reaches almost 10% of the market when Microsoft prepares to retire Windows 10

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Microsoft prepares to close the Windows 10 cycle. On October 14, 2025 will stop receiving security updatesa decision that places Millions of teams In a vulnerable scenario. Without those patches, any discovered failure could be exploited, something that worries both in the domestic and business. We do not talk about a minor recommendation, but about a change that affects the installed base of more numerous computers on the planet. The movement has put many users in the face of a complex dilemma. Migrate to Windows 11 It seems the logical path, but it is not always possible without going through the box. The system requires hardware compatible with technologies such as TPM 2.0 and a generation of relatively modern processors. Those who do not meet these criteria are forced to maintain Windows 10 No support or directly renew your PC, Although in some Microsoft markets have enabled exceptions that allow to extend one more year the reception of updates if certain conditions are met. What is happening with Windows 7 in the middle of 2025 September 2025 He brought an unexpected surprise. According to Statcounter records, Windows 10 decreased to 40.5% of the market, its lowest level since November 2017. At the same time, Windows 11 was headed with 48.9%confirming that the generational relief is underway. So far, evolution seems logical, except for a detail that especially caught attention. That detail is Windows 7. The system that was left without support in 2020 and that he even saw his update program extended in 2023 reappeared strongly. In a matter of weeks, it went from fees close to 3% to register 9.61% in September. The magnitude of the jump makes it difficult to imagine mass migrations towards such an old software, but the numbers are there. Before drawing precipitated conclusions, remember how these statistics are built. Statcounter does not access the Microsoft telemetrythe only one capable of offering exact figures. Your methodology is based In a code installed by more than 1.5 million web pages distributed throughout the world. Each visit counts which operating and browser system has been used, so that the percentages result from millions of daily interactions with third -party sites. This is an approach offers a very wide sample, but it is still a sampling. Statcounter ensures that it eliminates bots traffic and adjusts certain technical parameters such as Chrome pre -demand. The September graph leaves an obvious unknown. Windows 7 suddenly appears with a weight that I did not have in the previous months, which breaks the descending trajectory that It seemed definitive. What is behind that change? With the information available, it should only be recognized that there is no clear response and that any attempt of explanation would be speculative. The transition to Windows 11 is marked by security, and in that field the nuances matter. Microsoft repeats that maintaining a system without support is an exhibition, although it is also aware that the change is not always immediate. Therefore, together with the announcement of the end of Windows 10, it introduced mechanisms to give users a margin. Consequently, two ways have been established. For domestic users, At least in the European Unionthere is the possibility of receiving for a year more security updates when associating the equipment With a Microsoft account. Both in the particular and business field, the option of subscribing to the program of Extended security updateswhich guarantees up to three additional years of patches. These measures do not change the final horizon, but allow migration to a supported version. Ultimately, it is the users themselves who must assess what to do with their teams. Some will stretch Windows 10 as long as that extension lasts, others will make the leap to Windows 11 and there will be those who even consider alternatives outside the Microsoft ecosystem. Statistics offer a global photograph, but each case has its own nuances. The question is open: how will you manage the end of Windows 10? Images | Mendhak In Xataka | Google believes to have the key to compete with Windows, Linux and macOS in laptops. That key is called Android

There will be only one young man for every three professionals who retire

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Spain faces an unprecedented challenge with respect to generational relay of the current active population due to demographic aging. According to a recent one Study of the Observatory of the Professional Training of Caixabank Duiza and Orkestra Basque Institute of Competitiveness, in Spain there is a deficit of almost 3.5 million people under 30 years in the employed population to compensate for the weight of the population over 50 years of age than He will retire In the coming years. “There is a true demographic fire, only that it is not unforeseen, we have seen it on and extend,” declares to The avant -garde Mónica Mosa, researcher and co -author of the study. This mismatch among young people under 30 and over 50 years old It has doubled In the last decade, putting at risk the sustainability of many companies and economic activities for shortage qualified labor. Demographic differences in the working population. As the report points out, for each young person under 30 there are three workers over 50. This imbalance will make, for example, in a decade this proportion He moves To the price for retirement benefits, where a worker would support the benefits of several pensioners, increasing pressure on the pension system. In communities such as Asturias, for every 100 young people under 30 there are 257 over 65 years old, while in Castilla y León and Galicia this proportion exceeds 220 greater than 65 per 100 young people. These regions, characterized by being rural and with a High depopulation ratethey have added difficulties to attract and retain young labor in fundamental professions such as agriculture, livestock or forest agents, pillars of their local economy. The low birth rate. The main trigger for this situation is decline Birth rate in Spainwhich in the last ten years has dropped by 27%. The average number of children per woman is well below the necessary to maintain the population, which has gone from 9.11 born by a thousand inhabitants in 2013 to 6.61 births per thousand inhabitants in 2023. However, this rate varies considerably depending on the origin of the families, varying from the 8.30 births per thousand inhabitants of Spanish mothers at 16.05 of foreign mothers. Likewise, the study includes that the number of children per woman has also dropped from 1.27 in 2013 to 1.12 in 2023, being equally lower among Spanish women (1.09 children) than among foreign women (1.28 children). These last figures are a clear risk to the sustainability of the generational relief in the workplace, taking into account that at least 2.1 children per woman would be necessary to guarantee it. The impact goes by sectors. The shortage of young people especially affects sectors with traditional and technical trades such as electricity, plumbing, carpentry, manufacturing industry, construction or repair of vehicles. In this group of artisans and qualified workers record a deficit of around 500,000 young people to occupy the vacant positions left by the workers who retire in the next decade. In sectors such as public administration, difference is even more marked: For every 100 officials under 30 there are 690 over 50 years. This is one of the reasons why the Public Administration has stepped on the accelerator in the call for oppositions in which record figures have been reached. In the opposite pole, sectors linked to leisure and culture, Information and communications and hospitality are not affected by this mismatch in the generational relief since they attract a greater number of young people, contrasting with the low attraction of young professionals in industrial and administrative activities. Labor scarcity will impact the economy. The regions with the greatest presence of the most affected professional sectors such as Andalusia (Agriculture and Livestock) Catalonia and Madrid (industrial sectors), show the largest deficit figures of professionals in absolute numbers approaching (and even exceeding) close to half a million people. These communities stand out as the main focuses where the lack of generational relief will be more critical for the local and national economy since its active population percentage with respect to Spain’s total is also greater. Professional training as a key to relay. The report indicates The importance of professional training (FP) as a fundamental solution To face this deficit of new professionals in industrial sectors. According to their authors, the greatest imbalances are seen in the average grade, where there is a lower attraction of young people with respect to those of higher degree. In general terms, there is a lower generational gap among people occupied with FP. This is due to the ease of access to the labor market of young people studying professional training. However, the different branches of professional training must keep attracting young people during the next decades to balance the current deficit. On the other hand, the lack of young people trained in the care sector, whose growth is linked to demographic aging, and the talent migration of the abroad health sector complicate the balance in the generational relief. The report underlines the importance of achieving “young people stay in the territory” and connect their training with the business fabric to ensure effective relief. In Xataka | Talent scarcity has chronified to an extreme point: 75% of companies do not find what they are looking for Image | Unspash (Gabor Szuhan)

They are going to retire later than ever, but nobody wants to hire them

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In Spain, the employment situation of the workers over 50 years It has become especially worrying, since they represent an increasing part of registered unemployment. At the same time, the investment of the demographic pyramid forces to extend work life delaying The retirement age to guarantee the Pension sustainability. In other words, the labor market is cornering workers over 55, between chronic strike and a more and more distant retirementwhich only adds tension to the state coffers. Retire later. Statistics and projections on the population coincide: Spain must increase the ordinary retirement age if you want to avoid the collapse of its pension system. According to A study of the BBVA and IVIE Foundation, the aging of the population and the delay in the incorporation into the labor market of young people will force retirement to delay even 71 years due to the fall of active contributors and the progressive increase in pensioners. The OECD too This diagnosis reaffirmspointing out that the employment rate will fall 10.3% from here to 2060 if measures such as the regularization of immigrants that complement young people, or the greatest labor integration of workers over 55 years. It is precisely in this second aspect where the focus would be to be focused more urgently. Less young, more seniors. According to Official datathose over 50 already suppose approximately 47% of the unemployment recorded in Spain, which represents more than 1.14 million unemployed people in that stretch of age. On the other hand, in percentage terms, this group has a 10.35%unemployment rate. The data seems contradictory since the age segment that brings together 47% of the total unemployment, only records a unemployment rate of just over 10%. We have the explanation in the demographic pyramid. Such and as he clarified The economistthis range of over 50 years has gone from having 3.8 million active workers at 8.1 million in recent years due to the aging of the templates. Hence its unemployment rate seems less. In contrast, the range of younger workers has a lower volumealthough it suffers a higher unemployment rate. The latest Active Population Survey (EPA) sample That those under 25 have an unemployment rate exceeding 26.53%, but total around 451,000 unemployment workers, that is, less than half than those over 50. More senior unemployed. These data leave us a photo in which there are less young people entering the labor market, but more and more employees of more than 50 years excluded, which generates a scenario of labor shortage. The Official reports of the Ministry of Labor point to the lack of digital qualification and the difficulties in the recalification of those over 45 as the main barriers to senior employment, especially in sectors such as banking, industry or large technological ones, where template adjustment processes They have focused In older workers. The INE figuresThey confirm that the group of over 55 years has doubled its weight in the labor market in the last fifteen years, but its vulnerability to long -term unemployment and its expulsion of professional training processes has also increased. Retirees at 55. The direct consequence of this doors closure is that a good part of Those over 55 years old They end up touring a path that combines periods of unemployment, subsidies and, ultimately, early retirement or involuntary. According to the SEPE, the reality is that the State assumes, several years in advance, the costs of these subsidies and subsequent retirement benefits for almost half of the current labor mass, in part because companies continue to consider someone 55 years “too old” to be productive, despite the fact that there are hardly any young people available available To take your relief In many strategic sectors. Greater life expectancy for them. The goal of Expand working life of the workers, in addition to maintaining an active labor mass that is cited, is to balance the retirement age Regarding life expectancy. In other words, do not do without workers when they are still physical. However, excluding workers from labor market What can and want to workonly aggravates the situation by adding an average of 10 years more the dependence of these workers of the public coffers. In Xataka | From the “great resignation” to “great prejubilation”: the labor market loses the experience of those over 55 years Image | Unspash (James Hose Jr)

Online trade was supposed to retire supermarkets. The reality is that in Spain they do not stop opening

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Despite all its uncertainties and The unknowns sown by the tariff war, 2025 promises to be a good year for the supermarket sector. At least if we trust Growth forecasts and shared figures A few days ago by Asedasthe Spanish Association of Distributors, Self -Services and Supermarkets. According to their estimates, during the first four months of the year 244 stores have opened in Spain, 25% more than during the same period last year. Not just that. The sector expects to say goodbye to 2025 with 850 new establishments. If confirmed, the map of establishments distributed throughout Spain could exceed the 26,000 barrier. A figure: 778. He arrives at the majority of cities and large municipalities in the country to verify the trend, but besieged, the employer of the sector, has put figures: In Spain there are more and more supermarkets. According to their latest annual report, in 2024 they opened 778 new stores that raised the total map of points of sale of the country (self -services, super and hypermarkets) to 25,585. Once the closures are discounted, that leaves a “Net growth” of 352 businesses with respect to those operated in 2023. And how will this year go? Although 2024 closed with a map of the sale map, the inaugurations rhythm was somewhat lower than that of recent years. In 2024, 778 openings were registered, but in 2023 they were 787 and the previous year 889. Asedas, which Agglutina To companies such as Savoramas, Aldi, Covirán, Día, Lidl or Mercadona, hope that this “slight descent” is “passenger”. The reason: So far this year the association has already registered 244 openings, 25% more than during the same months of 2024. Their forecasts pass because the year ends with 850 new premises. Changes in the sector. Beyond its opening data or the size of the National Park, The report Asedas is interesting because it leaves some ideas about the trends that govern in the sector. The most interesting probably is that the supermarket format “strengthens itself as the most successful”, compared to others such as self -service or hypermarket. The association also requires that more than half of the stores (about 50.6%) “They are framed in proximity and coexistence formulas.” Interesting is also the speed with which the market changes. Asedas estimates that since 2021 almost a quarter (23%) of the network has been renewed or renovated. For the collective the key to that “dynamism” connects mainly with associative trade, such as franchises and cooperatives, which in 2024 were behind approximately 60% of the openings. “They have a great impact on the rural world, since a third of these inaugurations occurred in municipalities with less than 10,000 inhabitants,” They emphasize. “Regional leaders”. Another of the keys to the growth of the sector is, In Asedas opinionin the “regional leaders.” In fact, in its report, the focus on 25 companies (audited in total 320 companies) that increased their average commercial area from 2021, which far exceeds the general tendency of the sector, which also grew, but only 4.3%, were audited. It is not the first to point in that direction. In 2024 Kantar He already pointed out in Another sectorial study How the super regional were planting the white brands and large chains. “In a context of market stability, the organized distribution sector has registered a 0.6% growth in volume during 2024, mainly driven by short assortment chains and regional supermarkets,” Kantar collected in February, in February Another report in which he calculates that regional ones have reached a quota of 18% after having grown 0.7 points. The reason: its supply of frescoes, personalized service and expansion to new geographical areas. Pending rural. Asedas slides another interesting idea: despite the urban exodus, their data shows that in Rural the retail Food continues to register more openings than closures. Between 2020 and 2024 he estimates that they have opened their doors 1,117 new stores In municipalities with less than 10,000 inhabitants, which means that almost a quarter (23.6%) of the openings were concentrated in rural environments. The employer also highlights the role of small businesses and family chains with networks of 10 or even less stores, although the truth is that smaller businesses do not always endure the thrust of the chains. Kantar slides That the growth of the “organized distribution sector”, including regional supermarkets, has been achieved in part by the “volume transfer” from the “traditional trade”, which has punctured almost 4%. Their February data They corroborate that operators with the highest market share in value are Mercadona, Carrefour, Lidl, Eroski, Dia, Consum, Alcampo, Aldi and IFA. Among the nine bind a quota that touches 70% of the market. In total Asedas estimates that the sector set has 25,585 active establishments (14,486 supermarkets, 10,589 self -service and 510 hypermarkets) that give direct employment to about 414,100 people. The annual investment in new construction of the Round collective between 1,000 and 1.3 billion of euros. Are all opportunities? No. Despite the opening data or the increase in the benefit (together the main companies added 2,141 million of euros in 2023, with an ascending profitability curve), the sector also faces challenges. The main one: although the business expect to growwill do it in a very competitive scenario. “In a market that barely grows in volume, the challenge is to gain share of other competitors. It requires having a clear and differential value proposal, which attracts and fidelize better to consumers and exploit roads of inorganic growth,” Comment to The avant -garde Enrique Porta, consumer partner and retail of the KPMG audit. Another key is to adapt to new market trends, such as less and less weight relative of the hyper, or adjust the size of the network to the demand. After all, although the sector expects to register hundreds of new openings throughout the year, which could even raise the points of sale above 26,000, Nor is it alien to closures, layoffs and readjustments. Images | Alcampo and Eroski In Xataka | In … Read more

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