summer

A Falcon 9 has been roaming through space for more than a year. An astronomer believes it will crash into the Moon in summer

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An upper stage of a SpaceX Falcon 9 has been orbiting uncontrollably for more than a year and astronomers indicate that it will end up crashing on the Moon next August. Although at first it may seem serious, the truth is that it does not represent any danger to us. However, that does not mean that the event has once again revived the debate on the space junk and what may happen in the future if the Moon ends up being inhabited. What is going to happen and when. On August 5, at 8:44 a.m. (Spanish peninsular time), an upper stage of a Falcon 9 rocket will collide with the lunar surface at approximately 8,700 km/h, which is equivalent to about seven times the speed of sound. The prediction It was published by Bill Grayprofessional astronomer and developer of Project Pluto software, a widely used tool for tracking near-Earth objects. According to Gray, the impact will occur in the surroundings of Einstein crater, on the edge of the visible side of the Moon from Earth. Where does this piece of rocket come from? The stage in question, cataloged as 2025-010D, is the upper part of the Falcon 9 that launched two private lunar landers on January 15, 2025: the Blue Ghost from Firefly Aerospace and the Hakuto-R from the Japanese company ispace. The first achieved the first completely successful commercial lunar landing in history, touching down at Mare Crisium on March 2, 2025. The second lost contact with Earth during the descent maneuver and crashed. Meanwhile, the rocket’s upper stage continued to orbit. With more than 1,000 observations accumulated since launch, Gray assures There is no doubt: it is this piece of the Falcon 9. Why can’t it be seen from Earth. Although the Moon will be visible to much of the Western Hemisphere at the time of impact, Gray warns that the flash will almost certainly be too faint to detect with ground-based telescopes. The researcher himself remembers what happened with the LCROSS mission from NASA in 2009, when a Centaur stage deliberately impacted the lunar south pole to study the ground and yet no flash could be observed from Earth. The scientific value, if any, will come from further study of the fresh crater left by the impact. No danger, but with a warning. The stage measures 13.8 meters long and 3.7 meters in diameter. Since the Moon does not have an atmosphere, the device will reach the surface intact. There is no risk to lunar infrastructure, rovers or ships in orbit. Still, Gray account which “does highlight a certain lack of care in the way in which remnants of space hardware are disposed of,” he writes in his report. There is a relatively simple technical solution, and that is that with a little more planning and some extra fuel, companies that launch rockets could send these stages to heliocentric orbits (around the Sun), where they would pose no threat to either the Earth or the Moon. Now it matters more. Both the US and China plan to multiply the pace of their lunar missions during the second half of this decade, with the aim of installing semi-permanent bases near the south pole of the Moon. The United States aims for annual missions with Artemis IV and V from 2028; China wants have your own taikonauts stepping on lunar soil before 2030. More missions means more rockets, more unreused upper stages, and therefore more space junk orbiting near the Moon. If there were people or infrastructure on the surface then, things would get serious. It’s not the first time it happens. Gray stumbled upon another rocket stage a few years ago. In 2022, he predicted that a piece of rocket would hit the Moon on March 4 of that year, getting the time right within seconds and the location within just a few kilometers. Gray had initially identified the object as another stage from a Falcon 9, but it turned out to be a booster from the Chinese Chang’e 5-T1 rocket. This time, however, continuous monitoring since launch rules out any doubts. Cover image | SpaceX and NASA In Xataka | We have found something that astronomers have been searching for decades: the precise edge of the Milky Way

we have “summer storms” in the middle of April

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The good news is that AEMET has assured us of calm and peaceful mornings. The bad news is that AEMET has assured us of afternoons with evolving clouds that deliver locally strong showers, with storms, hail and very strong gusts of wind. The funny thing is that this pattern (warm mornings, afternoon convention, and hail cells here and there) is the very definition of “summer storm“The worrying thing is that, well, we are in April. “More typical of June than April.” That phrase from Rubén del Campo, spokesperson for AEMET, has appeared in (at least) four different statements so far in April alone. And that alone is indicative that something is happening. What is happening and what is really new? AEMET forecasts they talk of “a week between April and May with atmospheric instability.” They refer to this pattern that explained: subtropical air on the surface, cold air at altitude and a lot of humidity in the environment (due to the temperature of the seas that surround us). It is the perfect recipe for a convective party. In fact, there are eight different communities with warnings of various types for locally strong storms and coastal phenomena. This episode is the end of a roller coaster of temperature rises and sudden drops that have made April 2026 the second warmest (more than 70 records broken) since 1990. Thinking about it, it’s not so strange: we are seeing how the climate calendar is shifting. Climate change? AEMET, as usual, is cautious when it comes to directly attributing this episode to climate change (if there are no scientific studies on the subject). However, we know that global warming “increases the probability, intensity and precocity” of situations like these. What we can expect. Beyond this week of rapid and internal storms (with possible hail episodes), no one knows anything. We are approaching what may be one of the episodes of Most intense El Niño in recent decades and time is completely dislocated: making medium-term predictions is becoming more difficult every day. What does seem clear is that the world is changing and that, no matter how much we want to escape the problem, we are not prepared for it. Image | Benbaso – Xataka In Xataka | Some say worrying about climate change is a “first world problem.” A macro survey proves him right

There are 3 fewer days of frost and 5 more days of summer each decade

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Mountains are one of the first thermometers on the planet: they respond earlier, do so intensely and more visibly than any other terrestrial ecosystem to global warming. What begins happening at its summits anticipates what will come later to the rest. The Pyrenees are no exception, in fact they work like a huge natural laboratoryone of the most documented in Europe. And the data they provide is anything but good. He Bulletin of Climate Change Indicators of the Pyrenees prepared annually by Meteocat and coordinated by the Pyrenean Climate Change Observatory (OPCC) confirms it: the warming of the mountain range is not something punctual, but structural. What is happening in the Pyrenees. That they are warming asymmetrically and accelerated, with summers exploding at a rate that doubles the rest of the year, which has direct and different consequences on the ecosystem. Jordi Cunillera, head of the Meteocat climate change team, goes even more into detail: on the southern slope the trend is also drier, adding additional water pressure on the southern ecosystems. In data. The list of indicators and the 65 years of monitoring show clear and worrying trends. From 1959 to 2024: Increase in average annual temperature of 1.9 °C. By seasons: while in winter the increase has been 1.4 °C, in summer it has been almost double (+ 2.7 °C) Steady increase in tropical nights. There are 20 fewer days of frost and 32 more days of summer per year. Every decade: There are 3 fewer days of frost with colder winters There are 4.9 more days of summer (temperature above 25 ºC). The temperature increases +0.30 ºC. Why is it important. Firstly, because of the solidity of the research: it does not measure specific variability, but rather the structural and accumulated transformation of the Pyrenean climate over 65 years. The Pyrenees are a climatic island for alpine species that do not have the capacity to migrate further north or higher, a true gem in flora and fauna with endemisms particularly sensitive and vulnerable to changes in temperature. Thanks to its rugged terrain, it has been able to preserve certain spaces from direct human activity (from tourism to agriculture), but it cannot escape this indirect effect. On the other hand, the Pyrenees are also a tap for southern Europe: the accumulated snow and ice feed rivers such as the Ebro, the Segre or the Garonne during the dry season, on whose flow millions of people, irrigated hectares and river ecosystems depend. It is true that precipitation remains stable, but if it gets hotter, water stress increases: evapotranspiration skyrockets, the soil loses moisture faster and terrestrial ecosystems enter a situation of progressive summer water deficit. The system becomes less resilient to disturbances, such as fires. Context. The study is part of the work of the Pyrenees Working Community, which through the Pyrenean Climate Change Observatory seeks to unify the data of the Spanish, French and Andorran states through the LIFE project Pyrenees4Climate. This international cooperation effort is essential as ecosystems do not understand political borders and climate change requires joint actions. In addition to climate monitoring, its objective is to implement the Pyrenean Climate Change Strategythe first European initiative of its kind designed specifically for a transboundary mountain bioregion. The project has established 16 key recommendations, including a “Pyrenean Forest Emergencies Protocol” to share cartography, meteorological data and crisis communication. The report highlights that differences in regulations between the three states slow down the response, which is why they urge the interoperability of physical means and improve protocols to be more resilient to climate change. How they measure it. The scientific robustness of these results is based on the analysis of 12 temperature series and 26 high-quality precipitation series, strategically distributed throughout the mountain range. The different research teams use the period 1961-1990 as a historical reference to calculate anomalies and ensure that the observed trends are statistically significant. The work team is led by Meteocat and has the collaboration of affected organizations such as AEMET, Météo-France, the Andorra Meteorological Service, IPE-CSIC or Euskalmet for a complete and unified view. Among the indicators studied are the average annual temperature, seasonal variation, frost days, summer days, tropical nights, warm and cold spells or water stress. These indicators respond to internationally standardized definitions by the World Meteorological Organization, which allows comparison with other European high mountain studies. The impact on the ecosystem. One of the most serious effects is anoxia in mountain lakes: as surface water warms and winter ice reduces, the natural water mixing cycle is broken, leaving the bottom without oxygen. This phenomenon puts at risk the survival of invertebrates and microorganisms that are the base of the trophic chain in these sensitive aquatic ecosystems, something that is happening, for example. in the Ibón de Marboréin the Aragonese Pyrenees. The Pyrenean glaciers have lost 96% of their glacial surface since the 15th century and the future looks even darker: 4% are will be extinct by 2050. On the other hand, the more intense heat is causing the snow to melt earlier due to the arrival of intrusions of Saharan dust associated with warm air masses from Africa: when dust particles are deposited on the surface of the snow, it absorbs more energy instead of reflecting it, thus accelerating its fusion, as explains Meteored. In addition to being a climatic indicator, the disappearance of the Pyrenean cryosphere means the irreversible destruction of a habitat and a hydrological function on which the entire chain of ecosystems rests, from high mountain lakes to wetlands many kilometers ahead. In Xataka | If we want to know how climate change will affect the Pyrenees, we do not have to look at the heat or the snow. You have to study the caves In Xataka | The Pyrenees have become a huge meteorological laboratory: torrential rains have multiplied by four in Spain Cover | jolumurcia and Myrabella

an “early summer” arrives in April

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In April 2023, an anomalous warm episode broke absolute records from across the southwest. The thermometers marked 38.8 degrees in Córdoba, 37.4 in Morón and 36.9 in Seville. It seemed like an isolated event, something related to the El Niño event that was about to begin that May. But not. Summer arrives this weekend in much of the country. What does AEMET say? According to the agency“temperatures are expected to be noticeably higher than normal for this time of year, especially the maximum temperatures that will be more typical of early summer.” And no, it is not an exaggeration: according to ECMWF data, a large part of the southwest of the peninsula and the Ebro valley will be in the 99% percentile compared to the 1991-2020 reference period to date. That is, we are going to experience one of the warmest temperatures ever recorded for April 20 in those areas. The first heat wave of the year? No, the temperatures will not reach that high. It must be remembered that, from a technical point of viewthermometers should read temperatures that would be high for July and August for three days in a row. Obviously, although the weekend is going to be very hot for the month of April, we are not going to reach those extremes. However, that does not mean that it is not dangerous. It is well documented that the first warm events of the year are the ones with the greatest risk because they usually catch us off guard. It is true that 30 degrees will be more uncomfortable than dangerous for most citizens; But it is good for the most vulnerable to pay attention. Spring is not what it used to be. Not even a year as strange as this one is free from this type of phenomenon. And that’s driving farmers across the country crazy: If a couple of weeks ago the frosts crushed the cropsthis Saturday the heat will do its thing. Just when the grain heads, the stone fruit set and the late flowering of the olive tree occurs in the south. January 2026 has given us many reasons for optimism, but it is very difficult to face the future without seeing all the meteorological setbacks that lie ahead. Image | BenBaso | Xataka In Xataka | AEMET has just made it official: Spain faces its first risky heat wave of the year this weekend

It is so expensive that Spaniards can no longer spend the summer there.

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With summer almost (almost) around the corner, we Spaniards begin to think about where to spend our holidays. That has little new. What is curious is what the INE reveals about our behavior when planning these trips: we think less and less about national destinations, without leaving the country, and we look more abroad. The question is… Why? The low cost they make it easier for usTrue, just as true is that the tourism market is no stranger to generational change and changes in trends. There is however another key factor: the cost of spending the summer in Spain. It has risen so much and so fast that sometimes it makes more sense to travel to the Caribbean either Indonesia. Where do we Spaniards travel to? The question arises, but fortunately we have a valuable tool to answer it: the INE. Recently its technicians published a report on “resident tourism” that leaves a couple of curious conclusions. When we travel, we Spaniards do it above all through our own country. In fact, ‘domestic’ (national) trips meant in 2025 87% of the totalfar from the 13% destined abroad. That’s logical. The surprise comes when we go down to the detail, to the trend. What does the data say? The INE estimates that in 2025, residents in Spain will carry out 175.7 million trips4.7% less than in 2024. However, the ‘puncture’ did not affect all trips equally. The drop was concentrated in those that had a domestic destination, whose flow contracted by 6.1%. Those made abroad experienced the opposite trend, with a growth of 5.2%. The trend was even more pronounced during the last quarter of the year: between October and December the flow of trips to destinations within the country itself fell 7.1%. Those made abroad rose 7.2%. Year Spanish trips without leaving the country Spanish trips abroad 2020 96.45 million 5.07 million 2021 135.69 million 7.20 million 2022 155.25 million 16.13 million 2023 166.60 million 19.29 million 2024 162.81 million 21.62 million 2025 152.94 million (-6.1% year-on-year) 22.75 million (+5.2% year-on-year) Is it the only indicator? Perhaps Spanish tourists think less about Spain when planning trips, but in return foreigners do so much more. In 2025 they visited our country almost 97 million of international tourists, a historical figure that maintains the growing trend registered since the health crisis. They increased over all visitors from the United Kingdom (19.1%), France (12.8%) and Germany (12%). As for the most popular destinations, Catalonia, the Balearic Islands, the Canary Islands, Andalusia and the Valencian Community stand out above all. This flow was in turn reflected in the money billed by the sector. Last year, direct spending exceeded 175 billion euros, 5.2% more than in 2024, although the trend is again very different depending on whether we are talking about national or foreign tourists. While spending associated with foreign tourism grew at a rate of 7% the national one stagnated, declining a slight 0.3%. Is it something new? Yes. And no. The data itself is new and updates the ‘general picture’, but the trend comes from behind. If the hotels in Spain have already managed to increase their flow of overnight stays about 5% In 2024 it was not due to the greater dynamism of domestic tourism, but rather due to the avalanche of foreign clients, whose demand skyrocketed by 7.5%. The same thing happened (although more cushioned) in 2025: the Spanish hired 0.2% less of hotel rooms while travelers from other countries demanded 1.6% more. They are not the only clues that tell us about a new reality: as tourist destinations in Spain become more expensive, driven in part by travelers from countries with greater purchasing power (in the case of the United Kingdom, France or Germany), more and more Spaniards choose to go abroad. It is not at all surprising if we take into account that sometimes spending a week in a country of the Southeast Asia or the Caribbean It costs them the same as doing it in the Balearic Islands or the Canary Islands. Are the prices that close? That’s how it is. At least if we go to the most extreme cases. In 2025 Mabrian made a study which demonstrates it with a specific case. After searching different options, their technicians concluded that the average price of the plane ticket to visit the Balearic Islands amounted to 142.77 euros. Added to this was an average price per accommodation of 285.72. In the case of Bali the ticket rose to 238.97 euros, but in exchange the cost of the hotel remained at 99.26. The agency made similar comparisons with Sicily, Algarve and Atalya. The conclusion was always the same: flights abroad were more expensive, but the difference with the Balearic Islands was compensated by including accommodation. Other similar analysis from Destinia, also published last year, showed that the 2,726 euros paid per couple in Menorca or 2,694 in Mojácar barely differed from the 2,883 in Punta Cana or 3,094 in the Riviera Maya. Is there price data? Yes. And from different sources. One is the INE, which calculates that in 2025 the hotel price index increased on average by 5.1%which raised the average daily billing of the accommodations per occupied room to 127.7 euros. The other indicator is offered by the firm Cushman & Wakefield. According to your calculationsin 2025 the average price per night in a hotel in Spain rose to 166.1, 4.8% more than in 2024 and (above all) “a new all-time high.” In the Balearic Islands, Marbella and Benidorm the increase was around 10%. It’s not just that hotels are becoming more expensive in Spain, it’s that they are doing so faster than those in the rest of Europe. “Spain’s 4.8% growth is well above that of Europe as a whole (1.2%) and is also higher than that of southern Europe (3.5%). In terms of revenue per available room, Spain continues to be one of the leading destinations, with an increase of 5.5%, surpassing European growth … Read more

Your t-shirt from 15 years ago is better preserved than the one from last summer for a very simple reason: the yarn

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Among the things that are no longer what they were cotton t-shirts take center stage. That’s because we have physical evidence: almost all of us have some cotton garment from years ago with better look than a newly purchased one. Why is this happening? For technological development. Like any industry, the textile industry seeks to be more efficient, to achieve more with less. What is sacrificed in the process is quality. However, all is not lost and those great t-shirts from before can still be found, if you know what to look for (and when you finish reading this article you will). In the case of cotton fabric, quality is determined by two variables: The raw material. The spinning process. Let’s start with the raw material. The best varieties of cotton are Sea IslandEgyptian, Egyptian American and pima. Its fibers exceed 32 millimeters in length, and are fine and resistant. Despite this, its production volume is ridiculously low in proportion to international volumes: only 3%. The problem is that it grows slowly and its harvests are small. 90% of world cotton production belongs to the type American Upland. Within this variety there are different levels of quality, depending on the thickness and length of the fibers, but these do not usually exceed the 25 millimeters. The problem is the yarn Depending on the quality of the fiber, one spinning process or another is used, causing the fabrics to improve or worsen greatly. The vast majority of advertising t-shirts or brand t-shirts fast fashion They use a yarn called “open end”. What does it consist of? It is a technology developed in the ’60s. in Czechoslovakiacreated specifically to take advantage of low-quality, short-fiber cotton. It is very similar to the manufacture of cotton candy: the fibers spin in a giant drum and if you start pulling on a rope, they wind around it, creating the thread. (Keagan Henman/Unsplash) A T-shirt made with “open end” cotton has a less soft touch, breaks faster and pills after a few washes. The explanation? If we greatly enlarge the photo of such a thread, we see that it looks like a tangled skein, with many ends sticking out. It is precisely these ends that form the balls. The problem is not only the use of short-staple cotton. In addition, in the process it is damaged even more: with the rotation of the drum, any imperfection on its surface functions as a bladechopping up the fibers. To improve the quality of this yarn, surgical steel drums have begun to be used. Its surface is very smooth, which reduces breakage. This is how, for example, t-shirts are made. Fruit of the Loom marked with the Belcoro seal. Improving the “open end“ The next level of quality is the threads ring spun. In its manufacture, medium-length fibers and an older technology are used, which imitates manual spinning: the cotton is carded to eliminate impurities and to align the fibers that are then twisted and stretched. The result is a smooth, uniform thread, with few protruding ends. A fabric made with these threads is much more resistant, hardly pills and has a pleasant touch. It is used by brands such as Gildan, Russel or Anvil. But the maximum level of quality in t-shirt fabrics is ring spun combed cotton. For this type of fabric, the highest quality fibers, the longest, are reserved. In addition to following ancient spinning technology, this cotton includes an additional step after carding, combing. In this process all the shorter fibers are removed, discarding up to 15% of the cotton. A fabric of this type is resistant, has a smoother and more uniform surface and is softer to the touch. They are easy to identify, because the inside label usually says “combed cotton.” However, a loss of 15% of cotton cannot do anything other than make the material more expensive, so they are also the most expensive. (Jason Leung/Unsplash) The brands that use this type of fabric are American ApparelSol’s, Bella & Canvas. Even so, it is advisable not to blindly trust brands. Not all t-shirts from a producer are made with the same cotton. What is not very relevant to the quality of a t-shirt is the information that many of us use: the weight of the fabric. A thick, heavyweight, knit t-shirt open endit will be of poorer quality and will last less than a thin combed cotton t-shirt. Comparing the weight of the fabric makes sense only within the same quality. So if you are looking for a cotton t-shirt like the ones before, the ideal is to ask about the type of cotton it uses. If they say “combed cotton”, it is the best you can find. If they say “ring spun”, you will get a much higher quality than what you are used to. If they tell you: “What cotton? 100% cotton”, you will be able to provide all this information and differentiate between poor quality t-shirts and those that will last a lifetime. Image | https://unsplash.com/es/fotos/variada-ropa-hung-en-perchero-3JAOcgZ_ZXU In Xataka | Converse sneakers were once the symbol of the millennial generation: now they have been in free fall for years In Xataka | France had maintained the monopoly on luxury perfumes for centuries: Arab countries are taking it away

a summer with even more tourists

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If we have learned anything at this point, it is that wars are like dominoes. Once one begins, a series of springs are activated that expand its consequences. In less than two weeks, what began as a bombing by the US and Israel in Iran has ended up escalating to a conflict in the Persian Gulf, has mined the image security that nations such as the UAE, Qatar and Kuwait have built for years and has triggered the price of oilthreatening to infect the rest of the economy until reaching shopping baskets. Now this earthquake could have another unexpected effect: increasing tourist demand in Spain, a country that has been chaining for years record numbers and aspires to surpass the barrier of one hundred million of international visitors. Of wars and travelers. It has little of mystery. When you go on vacation (and pay for it) you look for rest, good food, comfort, landscapes, heritage, beaches, museums… The “menu” may vary from one tourist to another, but what it does not include (usually) are kamikaze drones and the constant threat of attacks by an Islamic regime, which is what is happening now in the Gulf. What began as a US-Israeli offensive in Iran has ended up escalating in a matter of days to affect neighboring countries such as the Arab Emirates (UAE), Qatar, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia, directly hitting their economies. The example of the Emirates. It is not just that Iran is punishing its Middle Eastern neighbors for their more or less veiled support for the US, it is that Tehran has known how to hit where it hurts most. Your attacks have affected to energy installations and planted the instability in the Strait of Hormuz, turning oil into a weapon of war; but they have also undermined the image of reliability that nations like the UAE have built for themselves (with a checkbook) for decades. The clearest example Dubai probably leaves it. In just one week it went from being the world’s mecca for expats to seeing foreigners paying hundreds of dollars or driving for hours and hours to cross the border with Oman and leave the country. It only took a series of Iranian attacks that forced the operations of the hubs Dubai and Abu Dhabi airports. Less reliable destinations. A few days ago Mabrian, a company dedicated to analyzing tourism markets, asked how the Iran war is impacting the sector and obtained a series of striking conclusions. The main one is that the attractiveness of the Persian Gulf destinations has been seriously affected. Especially in the eyes of travelers from two key markets: Europe and the US. To be more precise, the Perception of Safety Index (PSI) plummeted by 81 points (out of 100) in Bahrain, 56.7 in Oman and 54.9 in Qatar. In all three cases the indicator marked minimums. Although they have come out somewhat better, the scenario is not buoyant for the UAE (-48.3 pts) and Saudi Arabia (-13.6). At least that was the photo at the beginning of March, after the attack that killed Ali Khamenei. A contagious trend. The most curious thing is that not only the countries directly hit by Iran are penalized. Others that are more or less nearby and with powerful tourism sectors do the same. Mabrian appreciate a shock wave that has reached Egypt, Jordan and Türkiye. “Although they are not involved, they experience a ‘contagion’ side effect attributable to their proximity and perceived exposure as part of the conflict’s sphere of influence.” The case of Jordan is especially serious. Barely a month ago his PSI marked 77.6 points out of 100. When Mabrian published his new reportOn March 6, that indicator had plummeted 30.3 points, although with “gradual signs of recovery.” Despite its distance, Türkiye’s PSI had also suffered, losing 25.8 points. In the case of Egypt, which shares a long border with Israel, the perception of security decreased 7.8 points. A turbulent market. That countries like the UAE, Bahrain, Jordan, Turkey or Egypt lose attractiveness for tourists is curious, but… Could it affect Spain and other European countries in some way? For Mabrian the answer It is clear: yes. A week ago the firm appreciated “the first signs of change in European and American tourist demand”, a “detour” of travelers who choose to look beyond the Middle East. And that directly involves Spain. “The escalation of conflict in this region is beginning to redirect demand from major European markets and American travelers,” comments Mabrianwhich warns that the trend is more pronounced among US travelers. After the attack on February 28, Kuwait’s PSI contracted in that market by 87.3 points, that of the UAE by 79.2 and that of Arabia by 17.8. Even Egypt fell 32.6. The company warns that the short-term outlook is not rosy. Where to travel? That is the question that many tourists will probably ask themselves in the coming weeks. For the company, the answer is clear: customers from crucial source markets, such as the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy or the US, will be “redirected” to various points. Either they will look for destinations closer to their own countries, which would favor Spain especially in the case of Italians and Germans, or they will explore options in Asia. Mabrian warns Yes, this last trend will be conditioned by the price of the flights. Destinations such as Thailand and Sri Lanka have not been immune to the shockwaves of the Gulf War either. Over the last few days, news of European tourists has circulated (including spanish) that have been affected in those destinations. Not because they suffer from the direct impact of the conflict, but because their connections with Spain depended on stopovers at airports in the Middle East (Dubai, Doha…) that have been hit by Iranian forces. Mabrian still appreciates a third possibility and that is that there is some demand that shifts towards “substitute” destinations such as South Africa, Maldives, Peru or Brazil. Canceled trips. Mabrian is not the … Read more

Sandisk has risen 1,000% in the stock market since the summer. Its advantage is called Kioxia

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In just five months, Sandisk shares have soared 1,000% in one of the most astonishing recoveries in Wall Street history. The company has been the latest big beneficiary of the AI ​​boom and the rush to build data centers full of advanced AI chips… and also the memories that accompany those chips. That’s where Sandisk’s great asset comes in, called Kioxia. Value of Sandisk shares in the last six months. Source: Google Finance. Without knowing it, SanDisk was ready for the revolution. HBM memories were traditionally the favorites to accompany GPUs that were the great “brain” of AI, but the scarcity of these components with high bandwidth has meant that the spotlight has been focused for a few months on DRAM and NAND memories, two types of storage in which sanDisk is a dominant player. Like other manufacturers in its segment —Micron is one of the outstanding—, SanDisk has suddenly found itself in a situation that benefited it enormously. free money. The memory chip market works like a commodity market in which leverage can be significant. That means that when prices rise, companies like SanDisk don’t need to invest in new factories or employees to earn more — although they can build them if they deem necessary. It is as if for Micron or SanDisk this phenomenon is equivalent to “free money” because they are receiving much more income for the same products they sold a year or two ago. Not even they themselves expected it: SanDisk CEO David Goeckeler talked about the rise of AI in June, and commented “We try to estimate demand. We think demand is good. What we need is to get supply to match that.” He couldn’t anticipate what would happen with memories starting in September. DRAM and NAND memory prices are skyrocketing from the end of 2025. Source: Sherwood. The key alliance: Kioxia. In recent times SanDisk has grown significantly in your solid state drive business (SSD) for enterprise data centers. But it also maintains a historical strategic alliance with the Japanese company Kioxia, which allows it to obtain NAND chips at a much lower cost than its rivals. The profit margin skyrockets, and so do the shares on the stock market. A relationship with ups and downs. The relationship between Sandisk and Kioxia (formerly Toshiba Memory) is based on a Joint Venture from more than 20 years ago focused on the development of NAND memories. This alliance has achieved advances such as the memories BICS Flash (with 3D storage technology), the wafers that leave their factories are shared between both companies. Kioxia went through a difficult time after Toshiba’s financial crisis and failed merger attempts with Western Digital. They survived all this, and together with Sandisk now the Japanese company controls 30% of the global NAND market. Some win, others lose. The investment fund Elliot Management pushed in early 2025 for SanDisk will separate from Western Digital. They believed that at that time it was worth about $20 billion—as when he bought it a decade ago—, and that fund sold its stake just before the total market explosion. Today that stake would be worth more than $340 million. Bad business for users. But in addition to that background, the ones who have it most complicated are the users, who will continue to suffer the consequences of this phenomenon for months, and perhaps years. Neither Micron nor Sandisk/Kioxia appear to have any intention of significantly expanding production capacity. They already did this during the pandemic and that caused excess inventory when demand fell after confinement. Now they do not want to expose themselves to the same thing, and there is talk that the price increase will continue throughout 2026 and may let’s take a long time in seeing memories at prices “like those before”… if we end up seeing them. Image | Igor Shalyminov In Xataka | Japan has taken out the checkbook to once again dominate the chip industry. Prepare a plan of 325,000 million dollars

Asturias has the electrical network so saturated that a simple failure would be enough to put the supply in check this summer

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A year ago everything indicated that Asturias was going to become the new Spanish energy storage hub. But these plans, which were going to help integrate renewables, alleviate the grid and attract industry, collided with reality. Today, the panorama is very different. Not only has the region paralyzed new storage facilities, but an official report has just confirmed a more worrying diagnosis: Asturias is saturated with energy, but does not know where to put it. In short, the central area’s electrical grid is at its limit. The CNMC uncovers the problem. The trigger It is an apparently technical conflict between EDP (Hidrocantábrico Distribución) and Red Eléctrica de España for access to the Carrió substation. As local media have reportedthe distributor requested to replace two transformers to increase its capacity from 513 MW to 665 MW, but REE rejected it, arguing that the network could not supply so much simultaneous demand. This rejection took the case to the National Markets and Competition Commission (CNMC), which issued a resolution with a forceful message: the transport network in the central zone is saturated, it cannot grant new permits, there is “relevant overcapacity” and there is a “risk to the security of supply in the event of a simple failure, in the summer season.” Furthermore, the commission itself recognizes that the case dates back to 2007, when the separation between distribution and transportation occurred and assets were transferred to REE without documenting the guaranteed access capacities. As the official report explains, for years REE and EDP operated “as always”, but with opposite interpretations about how much capacity was really assured for the Asturian network. What does it mean to be saturated? Although it may seem like a technical concept, the CNMC has detailed in its report a more precise image of what is happening. To begin with, saturation means that the network cannot grant even one more access. The regulator detects a “total saturation of capacity, without the possibility of granting new access or connection permissions.” This means that no new industries, no renewable parks and no storage projects can connect: the grid is literally full. Added to this blockage is another underlying problem. The central Asturias network does not meet the minimum legal criterion known as N-1, which requires guaranteeing supply even if a key component fails. However, the CNMC itself confirms that this requirement is not met: If a transformer or main line falls, there is no alternative path capable of absorbing the energy, making any incident a potential risk. The situation is even more delicate according to the data. The regulator’s report indicates that two large electro-intensive consumers already absorb 686 MW, to which we must add the 200 MW that EDP needs to feed the distribution network. In total, more than 800 MW connected. The problem is that the safe capacity in summer – when the lines perform worse due to high temperatures – is 754 MW. In other words: there is more connected power than the network can safely support. And the room for maneuver is practically non-existent. According to the CNMC, if Cardoso’s 400/220 kV transformer failed, the entire area would be supplied only by a 220 kV line that does not support current consumption in summer. In practical terms, this means that any simple failure could trigger a real supply problem in the middle of the summer season. The point is that there is energy, but it cannot be moved. The paradox is evident: Asturias wants more renewables, it wants batteries, it wants to electrify its industry and it wants to attract new strategic projects. But all this growth requires a robust electrical grid with margin. And right now, that margin does not exist. Carrió’s transformers could handle more power, yes, but that is unimportant if the lines that connect them are already at their limit. Even the future conversion to gas of the Aboño thermal power plant —designated by the Principality as future relief— does not solve the current problem, because the bottleneck is in transportation, not in generation. How did we get here? In addition to the historical conflict between REE and EDP, a chain of factors have aggravated the situation. One of the most decisive is the increase in power assigned to some large industrial consumers. In 2022, Red Eléctrica granted an electro-intensive customer an increase of 132 MW, reaching 450 MW of power between Carrió and Tabiella. The regulator clarifies that this decision did not violate the regulations, but it does highlight the lack of coordination with EDP, which was not informed and saw how the capacity margin of the area was exhausted practically at once. Added to this problem is another longer-term problem. As El Comercio remembersthe necessary reinforcements for the central network have been planned for more than 20 years, but were never executed. The result is that Asturias faces industrial electrification and the growth expected for the coming years with a network that has not been updated at the pace of demand. The evolution of the local generation. The situation is complicated as cogeneration, a key technology for producing electricity and heat near industrial centers, has collapsed. According to figures published by El ComercioAsturias has lost 82% of cogeneration production in six years. This implies less energy generated at source and, therefore, more need to bring electricity from outside through a network that is already saturated. The economic and environmental impact is also notable: 60 million euros less industrial turnover and 230,000 additional tons of CO₂. And now what? The Asturian Government insists that the problem will be resolved with the 400 kV central ringa gigantic infrastructure included in the energy planning for 2030. This ring will double the electric transportation capacity in the metropolitan area and will allow it to absorb the planned industrial growth. For its part, Red Eléctrica you already have authorization for the new Cardoso substation, key to that ring, with an investment of 26.5 million euros. However, the CNMC warns that the problem is … Read more

After renting swimming pools during the summer, a new business is on the rise in Madrid: private terraces in winter

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In a chalet in Boadilla del Monte, a group of friends drinks their wine as the afternoon falls. In the center of Madrid, a couple celebrates a birthday on a stranger’s terrace. In Lavapiés, a group of twenty-somethings toast in a room. In all cases, there is something in common: none of them are owners, but for a few hours they can pretend that they are. Madrid is rented in fragments: swimming pools in summer, terraces in autumn and lounges in winter. The everyday turned into a stage, intimacy turned into a product. Renting all year round. What started as a summer curiosity —renting private pools by the hour— has become a new form of urban leisure. Platforms like Cocopool, Born as the “Airbnb of water”now they also rent interiors for the rest of the year. However, behind this fashion there is something deeper than a simple leisure trend: an attempt to buy a life. aestheticthat ideal of calm, natural light and well-being that we see every day on social networks. From the dip to the shelter. Renting pools by the hour is still very popular and there are more and more platforms where you can choose where to take your next dip. What seemed like a seasonal business has become deseasonalized. In 2022 Cocopool launched as the “Airbnb of swimming pools”. Now, as explained by its CEO Gerard Xalabardéthe company has come up with “new verticals that cover the same needs the rest of the year.” In autumn and spring, users can rent terraces and gardens; in winter, private lounges with fireplace, sofas and equipped kitchen. In Madrid, the company has 15 interior spaces and 62 terraces or gardens, with prices ranging from 15 to 300 euros, depending on size and luxury. The average cost is around 32 euros for interiors and 34 for terraces, according to company data. The wish of a life aesthetic. This boom not only responds to a practical demand, but also to an aesthetic desire. Renting a well-kept terrace or a designer living room is not just about seeking comfort, but —as Xataka Home explains— “engage in an aspirational lifestyle, even if just for a few hours.” What used to materialize in Pinterest photos or TikTok videos is now experienced in the flesh: a garden with garlands, a light wooden table, a blue pool without background noise. According to Trendsthe phenomenon aesthetic It combines nostalgia for bygone eras with an obsession with the visually perfect: a life that seems orderly, beautiful and under control. In parallel, one could speak of “silent luxury” as the new form of exclusivity: minimalism, noble materials, neutral colors and absence of ostentation. In other words, renting a beige living room is not just leisure: it is a little aesthetic therapy to escape, for a few hours, from everyday clutter. “All for hours.” Pool rentals were just the beginning. The logic of sharing has been extended to almost any experience: terraces, gardens, living rooms, naps and even weddings. But beyond business ingenuity, there is a clear drift: the capitalization of any redoubt of private life. The intimate becomes the stage, the everyday becomes the product. Fewer and fewer things escape the logic of express rental. What was once shared among friends is now reserved with a card. What was rest is now sold as an experience. However, there are also those who find in these platforms a practical solution, not a fantasy. aesthetic. In a city where the flats they shrink and houses rarely allow more than six people to gather, renting a terrace or living room for a few hours can be a reasonable—and affordable—way to celebrate a birthday, a family reunion, or a meal with friends. Not everything is posturing: sometimes there is simply a lack of space. Although, in the words of geographer Vicent Molins, “Madrid has become a product.” And economist Juan Torres López warns that this trend “erodes urban ties and deepens inequality,” because it turns coexistence into business. In other words: if everything can be rented, everything can no longer belong to us. A copy of a copy. In just five years, Spain has gone from renting other people’s beds with Airbnb to renting moments of life: a pool, a terrace, a nap or, soon, a wedding. Everything is offered by the hour, everything is measured in experiences. Platforms like Cocopool, HolaPlace or Nap & Go They capitalize on a shared desire: to experience what we see on networks, even if it is for a while. A more orderly, beautiful, more aesthetic. Maybe, as El País warned“the brand grows, but the city gets worse for those who live in it.” Or maybe we’re just learning to put a price—literally—on what used to be free: the feeling of belonging, of having something of your own. Because, in the end, that life that we so long for on screens is nothing more than a copy of another copy. And we, paying to imitate her, are also a little bit. Image | FreePik Xataka | Neither air conditioning nor fan: the best thing to cool off in summer is a swimming pool. On these platforms they are rented by the hour

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