Before being from Spain, Madrid was the unlikely capital of another kingdom located thousands of kilometers: Armenia

TO Leon v History played a bad pass. And that, by Carambolas of Historyended up turning Madrid into the capital of a kingdom located more than 3,000 kilometers away, south of what is today Türkiye. Sounds crazy, but if something is the story of León V (1342-1393), the king without the kingdom, stripped of his crown just a few months after ascending to the throne of The little ArmenianIt is precisely that: strange. After all, in just a few years he went from monarch to reo, from reo to “Mayor” of Madrid and finally lord of a French castle. To know its history we must go back to the Middle Ages and travel to the Anatolia Peninsula. There, in the region of CILICIA The XI and XIV centuries extended Little Armenianor Armenia Cilicia, a kingdom formed by refugees who had fled from the Selyuk invasion of Armenia. It was not particularly large, but a prominent role as an ally of the Crusaders and Christian bastion was played. León V (the brief and insistent) Or so it was at least until the time of his last sovereign, Leon V of Armeniawho barely had time to accommodate on the throne. The unfortunate was crowned in SIS in September 1374but just a few months later, in 1375he saw how the Egyptian Mamlucos took the capital. For him it was the end of his days (few) of glory. From the amenities of the court he became a prisoner in Cairo. There León spent a year, two, three, four … and so up to seven long springs deprived of liberty, during which lost his wife and daughterwaiting for some sovereign of Christianity to get close to their bad luck and pay their rescue. Little served. It did not matter to appeal to the charity of other kings or the church. The fate of León V only changed thanks to the mediation of the Franciscan Juan Dardel, who knew how to press the right rope with the kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula. It is said that the situation of León v moved enough to Juan I of Castilla as if to decide to intermediate in favor of the former sovereign of the little Armenian. The truth is that in 1382after seven years of captivity, León V regained his freedom and abandoned Cairo. What could a King do without the kingdom? What would time dedicate a monarch to whom he had given time to savor the throne of the throne? León had no doubt. He wanted to recover his crown. And for this purpose he undertook an international campaign in search of support. That long journey ended up taking him to the Iberian Peninsula. More specifically to Badajoz, where he met the hospitality of Juan I. upon his arrival León V met with Honors and gifts Gold, silks and jewelry, but not what I was looking for: help to recover the throne of SIS. Instead, the Castilian monarch offered him a curious (and generous) entertainment: he granted to the sovereign of Cilicia the manors of Madrid, Andújar and Villareal (Ciudad Real) “with all his breasts and rights and income.” As if that were not enough, he added an annual income of 150,000 maravedíes. So and against every forecast León became a tenant of the Real Alcázar de Madridconferring on the villa a new (and unlikely) range: The informal capital of the small Armenian. After all, the heart of a kingdom was where its cut settled. There was even more than a century and a half so that, in 1561Felipe II set his in Madrid, turning her into the capital of her domains. One thing was, however, the good harmony that Juan I and León could have and another very different than the Madrid were funny to be under the government of a foreign man who did not know and that nothing knew about his land. We know it because the anger of the town soon inspired some scathing and sharp coplillas On the Armenian sovereign, like the one he cried: “If the town was Silva, the lion would keep it, more is Castilian land, we do not want such a lord.” “They say that a Lord comes from Armenia, guide us God of such real favor,” he proclaimed Another of the topics that were singing on the banks of Manzanares. It was little for León to try to win the favor of the people down or send Real Alcázar. Juan I soon made it clear that the assignment of the villas was a timely gesture limited to the ancient Armenian sovereign, so that the title would not pass to his heirs. After the arrival on the throne of Juan I’s son, Enrique IIIthat link between Castilla and the Armenian It would blur even more. The reality is that León’s main interest seemed to be far from Manzanares, Castilla or the Iberian Peninsula. Although a few years had passed since his departure from SIS and despite his years of captivity in Cairo, there was an idea that was still obsessing León V: recover his kingdom. That was his great goal. From Madrid I had it difficult, so Leon soon packaging his things and going first to Navarra and later to France, where he received a not very different response to that of Juan I of Castilla. Carlos VI dedicated Good wordsostentatious gifts that included the assignment of the castle of Saint-Ouen … but nothing that allowed him to head an offensive that returned it to the court of SIS. The sovereign ended up dying some time later, in 1393, with about 51 years, without having reached his dream. In Paris he died. And in Paris he was buried. Before, yes, he wrote one of the most curious chapters in the history of Madrid, a city that over the centuries left him a peculiar and fortuitous? Tribute: His memory is linked mainly to the old Alcazar, where León lived several months Between 1383 and 1384. Armenia are far … Read more

Filling a Tesla Cybertruck with solar panels only costs $ 10,000. Its owners now have 7.5 kilometers extra of autonomy

We said when the Cybertruck tesla was presented than the larger and more disruptive electric car of Elon Musk’s company arrived with a Important overpricing and with less autonomy of the fiancee. Since then, sales have grown at an irregular pace. For a time it earned him to become The best -selling luxury vehicle In the United States but a few months later he found that they were not going to be able to continue selling the electric pick-up above $ 100,000 for an indefinite time. What is clear is that Tesla Cybertruck has become something like an “image vehicle.” It is not a purchase based on rationality Well, it is not the most comfortable car and, Not much less, the most capable outside the asphalt. It is a purchase that aligns the driver with the most outgoing facet of Elon Musk’s products. Part of the interest raised by Tesla Cybertruck is in its ability to adapt, supposedly, to any circumstance. His facet has been highlighted to spend a few days in the field (although his finishes to camperize the model Leave much to be desired) and has unleashed the imagination of the owners to the point of transforming it into A tower with wheels and metrallet. And with that last purpose, that of carrying out something unexpected, a company has proposed to increase the autonomy of electric car based on putting solar panels distributed throughout the body. It doesn’t seem the best idea. An extra ridiculous at a very high price The transformation of this tesla cybertruck It could be seen live During the past Ces of Las Vegas. There, the company Sunflare Solar presented the electric pick-up wrapped in flexible solar panels that aim to expand the completely electric autonomy of this electric car. Or, rather, we should say that the case may be free of charge for a few kilometers. Few, if we take into account the price of the transformation and the results that are presented in the best conditions. According to the company’s accounts, collected by Electreck, Sunflare aloner promises to be able to travel a few extra kilometers daily for the modest price of $ 10,000. They believe that with their flexible panels distributed throughout the body can be obtained up to 1.5 kW extra daily. Assuming a consumption of 20 kWh/100 km, we would be talking about just 7.5 kilometers. The figure is far from what Elon Musk who before launching his Tesla Cybertruck mentioned that it would be offered with the option of adding solar panels on the roof that would deliver up to 25 kilometers of extra autonomy. Something that, obviously, has not occurred. Who could make sense for? Well, we could imagine that if we want to camp using the Tesla Cybertruck for our trip we can always use the vehicle to feed different devices. In that case, 1.5 kWh of extra power will always be of great help since we will not be draining the battery at all. In fact, to the company that has presented this option specialized in the use of solar panels in the roofs of the homes but, also, On the ceiling of camperized vehiclesFor example. Of course, we must bear in mind that we are talking about an “improvement” that costs $ 10,000. And, to this we must add that the electric car was sold as a kind of vehicle to the proof of any damage. Its body, of steel, is designed to not suffer with the blows and cover the entire body of solar panels is to buy all the ballots to leave us good money if someone brushes our vehicle. The effectiveness of solar panels in vehicles is a pending task. At the moment, no one has managed to get a good enough performance for it to deserve to invest in technology. Manufacturers like Mercedes continues to study their possibilities But, until now, everything has remained in an auxiliary element for feed electrical devices of the vehicle without increasing consumption so the profit is minimal. Photo | Tesla In Xataka | The owner of a Tesla Model and has filled his roof of solar panels to load “up to 100 km”. It is not a good idea

France has thousands of kilometers of unused train tracks. So you are covering them with solar panels

Solar panels and wind turbines have placed us in a complicated decision: aesthetics or generating electricity? Beyond Impact on living beings of the environment in which these renewable projects are installed, it is undeniable that They have a huge visual impact. That’s why, New transparent solar panels for windows or hide them on roads They sound like a great idea. In Switzerland they have developed a project for Place solar panels on the train tracksand now France has copied the idea. Invisible panels. With the name of ‘Solveig Project’, the French rail operator SNCF It has developed, through its Arep subsidiary, a project to create a solar plant that can be deployed on the roads that the company controls. They explode about 32,000 kilometers of lines, so, if the project is successful, the potential is huge. The idea is simple, but ingenious: take advantage of the rails to install solar panels, while batteries and investors are stored in modular containers. For now, Solveig is a pilot project that has started with the installation of eight solar panels at the Achères Technical Center, where they will be tested for six months. Facilities. Having a storage solution such as containers, which include investors and batteries, it is possible for the company to transport these assets as far as it is needed. It also facilitates their installation. As Comment the Director of Innovation of AREP to PV Magazine, the development of a photovoltaic panel transport system through ISO containersas well as its installation on the roads, “it facilitates both the deployment of the panels and the reversibility of the installation.” The operation does not require a complex installation, since a mechanical arm is responsible for downloading the panels, which are subsequently fixed to the tracks to prevent the wind from moving them. And, being temporary, does not require foundations. In addition, the containers are modular and the rail infrastructure is not compromised. Self -consumption. The idea is that this solar solution feeds the internal consumption needs of SNFC, as well as local uses around the facilities. The potential is gigantic, but, although AREP considers that it is possible to export this solution to both Europe and the rest of the world, we must wait to see the results of the pilot project. In addition, the idea would be to implement this system in out -of -service railways, all to add energy to the network that operates SNCF, since 80% of the national trains of the same work with electricity. In addition, he has the commitment To deploy 1,000 MW for 2030, and fill the panel tracks would be a good support. Next steps. The following steps of the Solveig project will focus on improving system efficiency and reducing costs to make it viable on a large scale. Although there is still no definite calendar for industrialization, the potential is evident: SNCF has more than 113,800 hectares of operational land that could become authentic solar parks over rails. In short, if the project gives good results, it is only a matter of time before more countries are uploaded to this new “train” of renewable energy. And, speaking of Switzerland, they are very committed to not shaving their green fields and, apart from the panels on the train tracks, also They are installing them on road walls. We just hope this experiment Do not leave like the one on the solar roadalso in France. Images | SNCF, Arep In Xataka | The bats of Spain live times of uncertainty. The reason, according to the CSIC: the wind turbines

There are 2,838 kilometers of high risk and these are its locations

In 2024, 1,154 people died on Spanish roads, according to DGT data. It is the highest figure since 2018 and slightly higher than 2023 when 14 deaths were counted less. According to traffic accounts, 323 of these people died in rapid accidents and 831 deaths were counted on secondary roads. These ways are traditionally the deadliest. Although it is mandatory to drive more slowly and You can no longer exceed 90 km/hthe characteristics make an error paid. The road out It is still the main cause of death, with 479 deaths, followed by the frontal collision, with 252 dead. Both circumstances are common in accidents with fatalities on this type of roads. In recent years, the DGT has focused on the Mobile phone usedistractions And the speed. But from other organisms they also try to reinforce other ideas: the maintenance of some concrete roads or sections is insufficient. To do this, Race makes a report called Evaluation of the accident on the state road network. It analyzes which are the most dangerous sections in Spain and adjusts its accidents depending on the volume of traffic that goes through them to understand where it is more likely to suffer a fatal accident. The most dangerous routes in Spain According to the data collected by Race, 2024 was a bad year on Spanish roads. They point out that in Spain there were 3,510 fatal or serious accidents (there has been some fatal victim or some person has been seriously injured). It is a rebound of 17.51% compared to 2023 when 2,987 accidents that met these characteristics were recorded. The data is the highest since 2020 and breaks a downward trend which had been producing since 2009. In the last 15 years, only in 2019 there was a small increase in these accidents compared to the previous year and was only 0.30%. All these data are analyzed by Race who cross the number of accidents and their severity with the number of vehicles that circulate in that same section. In addition, they take into account some additional characteristics such as the maximum permitted speed limit, if the senses of the march are physically separated or the number of intersections and if they are at the same level or at different levels. Adding all these variables, a number that indicates the risk level is achieved. The highest corresponds to a value above 90, qualifying these sections as a high -risk section and where it is more likely to suffer an accident. The second range ranges from 53 to 90 points and is qualified as a medium-high risk section. Below, there are medium, half-low and low risk sections. Taking all this into account, Race ensures that 9.2% of the Spanish road network can be qualified as high or medium-high risk. In total, they total 2,838 kilometers distributed throughout Spain. Of these, 1,411.66 kilometers enter into the stretch category with a high risk of suffering an accident. The risk is much greater when we enter conventional roads. According to their data, there are 153 sections in Spain where the risk of suffering an accident is high, representing 8.37% of the kilometers that can be traveled by secondary road. And 148 sections are medium-high risk (8.10%). That is to say, 16.47% of the kilometers of a secondary road in Spain are framed within the medium-high or high risk category. With all these data, Race points out that the most dangerous sections of the Spanish roads (with more than 5 km in length and a average daily circulation greater than 2,000 vehicles) are the following: Road Home and End Autonomous Community Risk Index N-260 187,70-193.84 Catalonia 163.9 N-340 940.77 952.40 Valencian Community 159.7 N-6 516.30 523.40 Galicia 152.8 N-110 154.50 162.10 Castilla y León 152.8 N-345 0.00 7.20 Murcia 139.1 N-340 1,133,02 1,138.90 Catalonia 133.0 N-4 566.20 570.90 Andalusia 124.2 N-323 181,20 187.10 Andalusia 124.0 N-211 311,20 318.40 Aragon 118.8 N-111 234.70 244.60 Castilla y León 114.0 A-1A 40.60 46.60 Madrid 112.0 N-630 87.11 99.10 Castilla y León 111,1 N-630 556.50 565.30 Estremadura 110.7 N-631 0.00 5.00 Castilla y León 108.1 N-6 49.08 56.98 Madrid 107.4 N-325 9.00 20.15 Valencian Community 103.9 N-340 1,065.30 1,073.70 Catalonia 102.4 N-634 581.20 588.80 Galicia 100.1 N-123 8.00 14.60 Aragon 98.4 N-623 5.90 11.50 Castilla y León 97.7 N-123A 21,37 29.00 Aragon 94.5 Photo | Pricob ioan In Xataka | Spanish road numbers are not randomly placed: they obey a system that dates back to 1760

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