Mobile Tech & Gadgets

A map to lie to Russia

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Ukraine wore months imploring to the United States to leave rhetoric to go to action. The first sign that something was changing in Washington happened a few days ago, when it was airing that Trump was seriously thinking Send Tomahawk missiles To kyiv. Now, a budding agreement has given the most drastic turn that is remembered in the American postureand has the channel to change the contest. A strategic turn. The Trump administration has given A drastic change in his position towards war in Ukraine. After months of trying to negotiate the fire with Putin through economic incentives, the US president has Authorized for the first time The delivery of intelligence for KyIV Russian energy infrastructure attack with missiles and long -range drones. He objective is Hit refineries, pipelines and power plants to deprive the Kremlin of its main source of income, weakening both their economy and its ability to sustain the military offensive. This turn coincides With statements In which Trump assured that he is possible that Ukraine recovers all occupied territories, which marks a break with his initial rhetoric of territorial concessions. The long -range dilemma. It We count yesterday. Washington now studies whether to accompany that intelligence with armament much more powerful. The more striking option It is the delivery of Crucero Tomahawk, with a close range of up to 2,500 km and large destructive capacity. They are also considered cheaper and more modular alternatives, such as Anduril Barracuda or the new ones EXTENDED RANGE ATTACK MUNIONSalready approved in significant quantities. Germany, France, the United Kingdom and Italy They have sent own cruise missiles, while Berlin Keep blocked The Taurus despite the insistence of their military in which Ukraine must be able to attack in depth. Ukraine, meanwhile, advances with own projects Like Long Neptune and Flamingothe latter a cruise missile of enormous reach and explosive load that aims to produce on a large scale to further press Russian defenses. The Ukrainian “gift. The other great pillar of this new approach is unmanned technology. A Ukrainian delegation arrived in Washington to negotiate A historical agreement that will allow the United States to access kyiv’s experience in mass production of drones. A frame of up to 50,000 million dollars Five years, with the capacity to manufacture millions of units annually when the war ends. The Ukrainian drones (From cheap FPV to The Magura Navales capable of demolishing Russian fighters) have demonstrated be innovativeflexible and much cheaper than Western systems. United States, whose industry manufactures very sophisticated models, but in limited volumes, seeks with this pact catch up on In a capacity that Ukraine has taken much further. Implications The call “Drone Deal” would include technological transfer formulas, from royalties to the creation of subsidiaries on American soil. Ukraine would produce at much lower costs than those of the West, while the United States He would get proven systems in combat and ready to climb. In return, Kyiv expects compensation in the form of advanced weapons such as The patriotthe Himars launches, The attacms or even latest generation fighters. The agreement would also serve to strengthen the political relationship with Trump, which had sometimes shown doubts about the level of support for Ukraine but now seems to bow towards deeper strategic cooperation. A moving board. He American turn It is framed at a time when Russia intensifies attacks against Energy infrastructure Ukraine, anticipating a new winter of pressure on the civilian population. At the same time, Moscow complaint That NATO’s intelligence and resources are used directly against them, while observing with restlessness the possibility that western long -range missiles are delivered to Kyiv. In parallel, Europe reinforces your role: Some countries increase their investments in the Ukrainian military industry and others, Like Germanythey finance in depth attack capabilities. The combination of new intelligence, massive drones and potential long -range missiles indicates that the war could enter into a different phasewith Ukraine looking to hit in the most sensitive for Russia: the energy that feeds Its economy and finances its war effort. Image | National Police of Ukraine, Nara In Xataka | Something has gone out wrong in Ukraine. So much, that the drone war has reached the most unexpected place: Türkiye In Xataka | Ukraine has invoked what Russia vetoed since the beginning of the war. And he told the US to tighten the button: Tomahawk

What is, how it works, main novelties, and when will it be available

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Let’s explain What is Sora 2 and what are its main characteristics. We will also tell you what differences with the previous version this new step forward in the creation of videos by artificial intelligencethat comes from the hand of the same creators of Chatgpt. Let’s start remembering you What is Soraso you know what we are referring exactly. Then, we will tell you the main characteristics of its new version, as well as the differences with its predecessor and some other things that you should take into account, such as When will it be available To be used in Spain. What is Sora 2 and how it works Sora is an artificial intelligence model developed by Openai. Just as this company has created Chatgpt to answer your questions already by text Dall-e To generate images through your Prompts, Sora creates videos from your text requests. Come on, it is an AI to create videos from scratch. This artificial intelligence is very similar to the models that create images, and at the same time is based on the technology of language model such as GPT. First is capable of Understand what you ask with a natural languagesince it has been trained to understand the way we talk and express ourselves. After understanding what you have asked in a prompt, Sora will proceed to create videos in which what you have asked for is seen in motion. And what is more will create videos with synchronized audio From the text instructions that you give. With this new version of Sora you will be able to upload an image that you want, then create a video from it. Besides, you are also going to Be able to use your own face and your voice To create videos with her. Sora 2 is accompanied by a social applicationsomething like a kind of Tiktok specialized in creating, sharing or mixing videos that have been generated from artificial intelligence. Main characteristics of Sora 2 As expected in the new version of an artificial intelligence model, Sora 2 has improved his realism When creating images. The physics of their compositions has also improved, making object movements and interactions more realistic. With these improvements there is a real step forward in the creation of videos by AI, with much more realism. Sora 2 too Add synchronized audio to videos. Come on, that in your prompt you can add a script, so that AI can make that if you believe a person speaking to hear her with her voice. In addition to this, You can also add sound or ambient sound effects To improve the atmosphere of the scenes you generate. This artificial intelligence has also added a characteristic called Cameos. With her, You can use your own photo and your voice To create videos in which you appear speaking. Come on, just as with those of creating images you can use your face, with Sora you can also use your face and voice to make the videos. When you do this you will have to verify your identity so that Sora makes sure that a face and a voice with consent is being used. Of course, you can also give permission to other people or friendships so they can insert you into their creations. Varied visual styles have also been added, so that you can specify that the videos have a realistic, cinematographic, anime, and some others. Thus, you will better understand the type of video and the way you expect to see. Sora 2 also improves your ability to create videos with complex instructions, which include several shots, changing styles or that maintain common elements between the scenes. When will it be available Sora 2 is currently in the test phase, and is only available in the United States and using an invitation. There is still no concrete date For the arrival of its final version, or for when it begins to be available in countries like Spain. At the moment, if you are going to use Sora in Spain You will have to settle for the previous version. Sora 2’s application is not yet available in Spain. At the moment its initial deployment has been carried out in the United States and Canada, and only in the iOS operating system. Openai has also promised to extend it to more countries, but there are still no dates. This service starts free of charge but with limits in its use, which depend on the computing capacity you have at all times. Come on, how many people are using it. But as evident, if you have chatgpt payment plans you can use it with higher image quality and less limits.

Bathing in Rome was not a priority. Until the elites of the empire discovered the luxury of the Termas de Trajan

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At present, daily hygiene is (or it should beat least) something we assume with total normality. But in the times of the Republic of Rome, the bathroom was not considered as A priority. The Personal hygiene It consisted of little more than washing your arms once a day and the rest of the body every nine or ten days. At the end of the 1st century, a new trend inspired by classical Greece was gaining importance among the privileged classes of Rome, which began to build spaces dedicated to the pleasures of the bathroom in its lavish villas. The ones were born Balnea that worshiped to the Salutem per Aquam or health through water. Submerging in water bathtubs at different temperature went from being a mere practical requirement to wash, something more playful that fit as a glove with the enjoyment of the patricians and other wealthy class. The challenge: get the greatest and most luxurious hot springs of the empire Marco Vipsanio Agrippa was the first ruler of Rome to which it occurred to build a huge Balneum in the Mars field as a meeting and entertainment place for the citizens of Rome. However, unlike Balneumwhich were deprived, these public water baths will receive the name of Themaereaching Our days like Termas. Agrippa, without knowing it, had started a career with its predecessors in which each new ruler wanted to leave their mark with some larger, more luxurious and most ostentatious hot springs than those of his predecessor. Trajan, as a good Sevillianhe knew the benefits of a good bath to cool off the heats and relax at the end of the day, so he entered the rag in the competition by building an authentic architectural and technological wonder of the ancient world. Ruins of the Termas de Trajan If we could Travel in time to ancient Romewe would meet the sumptuous Trajan Termas. Considered as An architectural wonder delivered to the luxury and well -being of those who visited it. These places offered numerous attractions for the entertainment and health of citizens: saunas, bath pools, Palestras, libraries, porches and gardens decorated with everything luxury of detail. However, although in most cases the cost of the entrance was available to the majority of citizens of Rome, only the wealthiest and powerful could pay all the pleasures and luxury offered by these facilities. The hot springs were inaugurated in the Oppio hill in 109 AD covering the void of public bathrooms left by the fire of the Domus Aureaof Emperor Nero. The Trajan Termas They were a real display of architectural innovation that Integrated the latest in Roman air conditioning technology and opulence in the decorations and mosaics. Mosaic with sandals in hot springs. “Salvom Lavisse”, a bath is good for you In the structure of its construction it was innovated with the development of lighter materials to achieve a equally resistant concretebut much lighter and permissive with heat based on volcanic rock either Tufo Giallo. The wooden structures, which served as fuel for the previous hot springs, were replaced by slender advocated ceilings and large interior spaces. The whole occupied the triple of the surface that its predecessor with some 111,000 square meters of luxury dedicated to body cult. The water supply was guaranteed by a complex aqueduct that brought the water from different sources of the Bracciano lake located 40 km from Rome, and was stored in huge deposits near the theater enclosure with a capacity of eight million liters of water. Trajan thermal complex plant Enjoy a bath in that sumptuous temple dedicated to hygiene and health was A luxurious and relaxing experience. The thermal complex was designed with an impressive architecture and offered a wide range of services and comforts to enjoy. The operation Upon entering, he passed by the NATATIO A large pool with which the first visual contact with the water was had, but that was visited until the end. Before, it should be passed through the APODYTERIA or common dressing rooms. From that point, the visitor passed to the Palestra Fully naked or smeared in essential oils to worship the body exercising the muscles or participating in ball games. Moment that many used to achieve political favors or influences between high society. Columns on which the ground rested. Eustolian house. Cyprus Then, the Thermal circuit It continued through heated rooms with an elaborate system in which the exposure of the sun’s rays was combined through large double windows, and a system of “radiant soil” raised on a series of columns that was heated by the circulation of hot air under the ground, the walls and the vaults. The wealthiest could enjoy massage services with scented oils and ointments and even body hair removal executed by slaves Hot water pools (Caldolarium) and temperate (Tepidarium) were conditioned using the same underground boilers with which the air that acclimatized the entire enclosure was heated. These boilers warmed a large bronze container with inverted turtle shell that came into contact with the base of the bathtub Caldolarium and circulated hot water by convection until The whole pool had the same temperature. Maximum resources optimization, with the same fire air and water heated. The thermal circuit ended with a bathroom in the four cold water pools of the huge central basilica of the Termas de Trajan. In them you could share the bathroom, the conversation (or what arises) with the rest of the hot springs, it was already allowed entry of both men and women. The route ended in the NATATIO who welcomed the visitor. This was one outdoor pool With an approximate depth of one meter, with which the visitor left his luxury and well -being reverie to return to his routine, which Rome did not do in one day. Unfortunately, fate wanted all this wonder of ancient Rome to succumb under a fire. An even greater project emerged from its ashes: the hot springs of Emperor Caracalla … but that is another story. In Xataka … Read more

For years summer is synonymous with gastronomic parties. In Galicia, hoteliers believe they are unfair competition

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If you travel to Galicia in summer it is likely that in addition to beaches, seafood and tourists In search of the best cove in which to plant your umbrella, find something else: Gastronomic parties. There are tens. To hundreds. From entrance spring to Autumn well advanced It is possible to meet throughout of the region quotes dedicated to percebe, Carneiro Ao spongrazors, Albariño or hamburgers, between a long long etc. They are so many and so many people move in Ribadeo (In the province of Lugo) local hoteliers and merchants They have said enough. The reason: where others see a mass celebration they have detected something else, one “unfair competition”. In a place in Galicia … Ribadeo is a small town of the Eastern Mariña (Lugo Province) of somewhat less than 10,000 inhabitants. However, in summer thousands of tourists attracted for their heritage, landscape, gastronomy, environment and especially their great jewel: The beach of the cathedralsone of the great natural monument of the Peninsular North. The INE calculates that only between June and August were housed in the hotels of the municipality 28,200 travelersthousands of potential clients for shops, coffee shops and restaurants in the town. Local trade … and something else. The fact is that in Ribadeo (as in many other villas in Spain) there are not only stores and bars. Throughout the year and especially in summer, fairs, markets, gastronomic parties are held … events organized in the most central streets and squares and that capture the interest of neighbors and visitors. The large dating calendar serves for the people to be more attractive, but the local merchant association (Acisa Ribadeo) He just lifes his voice to alert that not everything is positive. In his opinion also represents a “unfair competition” For businesses that work throughout the year, not only in summer. “Without Control” celebrations. The matter is serious enough for the organization to have been treated as a great point of the day in a Extraordinary Assembly held this week. Has even dedicated A reportunanimously ratified and in which he exposes why (in his opinion) the celebration “without control” of this kind of quotes undermines its profitability. “It includes the arguments for which Acis emphasize. “Acisa is not against the celebration of these markets and events, what we reject is that they be held without control, on the poorly appropriate dates and with excessive durations,” claims The Association Manager, Jesús Pérez. “In recent months, events with little planning have been held, without transparency with respect to the promoters or the purposes to which the benefits are dedicated, becoming scheduled every little time and in the middle of high season. This implies direct and unfair competition for local trade and hospitality and a deterioration of the ribadeo image.” Why’s that? Acisa complaint That kind of specific quotes “take advantage of the work that takes place throughout the year” to boost the people and capture visits. And they also do so by taking advantage of the high season and “the best locations” of the town in exchange for “minimum or null taxes for the benefits they get.” “The rates that pay for occupying public roads are in many cases symbolic, ridiculous or non -existent,” Crows. In summary, merchants and hoteliers feel that the fairs stand up during the high season while they are responsible for serving, paying rent and taxes and generating employment in the town throughout the year. “In addition they do not always comply with the basic regulations, such as the issuance of purchase tickets, nor are they subject to health, labor or fiscal controls. They do not generate employment in the municipality and use municipal services such as works, hooks of light or cleanliness, which we pay all ribadenses,” Pérez argueswho also clarifies that these celebrations “do not contribute anything new” to customers. “The products and services they offer can be found in local businesses with higher quality.” The debate, served. That in general (not only in ribadeo) the markets, festivals and gastronomic parties They attract people It is difficult to discuss. The key to Acisa is when and how they are celebrated. And especially the impact they have on small businesses entrenched in the town. Hence they speak of a “direct unfair competition” for entrepreneurs who do assume fixed expenses, taxes and “normative obligations” that, denounce, “are not always assumed by the organizers” of that kind of appointments. “They seek to place themselves in the moments of greater tourist influx in ribadeo, taking advantage of the previous effort and investment made by the sector to attract visitors to the town,” insists The collective. Moreover, in its report it warns that “in many cases” specific events “lack clear planning” and transparency, which can compromise “the tourist image” of Ribadeo. “Prioritize improvised and very poor quality activities compared to the value of trade and local hospitality.” What do they suggest then? In Your report Acisa demands “order, regulate and compatible” these events with the “legitimate interests” of the merchants and hoteliers of the town. They even speak directly of limiting authorizations to “protect the local economic fabric”, restricting permits for those appointments that enter direct competition with local businesses or extend for too many days or repeatedly in the same year. Aware that fairs, festivals and markets help to boost the town, even suggests rethink the calendar of the celebrations. What in practice translates into organizing them “preferably” outside the high season or dates in which the flow of customers, such as Holy Week, summer or Christmas months, “when local trade and hospitality already make an extraordinary effort to meet the demand.” “We don’t need them”. “Ribadeo does not need this type of event in high season. We consider that they can be held promptly in low season following the premises collected by the report prepared by Acisa,” its president concludesCarmen Cruzado. The group leaves out the bag, yes, the events of a solidarity and non -profit nature and those with a limited duration, a … Read more

A genetic megaestudio reveals to what extent we continue to know little

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Epilepsy is a disease of which We have a lot to investigate To be able to better understand everything behind. And little by little we are advancing in them. Specifically, an international team of researchers has put in check the idea that autism is only one type. In a study Published in Nature, it has been revealed that autism diagnosed in the early stages of life has a genetic development profile different from that which is diagnosed late. This finding not only explains part of the Huge diversity Within the spectrum, but it forces us to rethink how we understand, diagnose and investigate. What did we know. Until now, it was known that the age of diagnosis of autism varies greatly. Although it can be detected from 18 months, many receive their diagnosis in late childhood or even adulthood. It was thought that this was mainly due to social factors, clinical or the subtlety of symptoms. However, this new study shows that there is something deeper: a different genetic basis. The discovery. The study, which has been categorized as one of the greatest facts in history, analyzed the genetic and behavior data of more than 45,000 autistic people in Europe and the United States. The results are clear in this case: the polygenic architecture of autism can be divided into two great genetic factors that correlate with the age of diagnosis of this problem. Early diagnosis. This is the first factor and occurs when the genetic profile is associated with an earlier diagnosis and greater difficulties in social and communication skills during the early age of childhood. Interestingly, its genetic correlation with other mental health conditions such as ADHD It is moderate but significant. Late diagnosis. In the event that it is not done in the early stages of life, we are already in another genetic factor different from the first. In this case it is much more difficult to have socio -emotional and behavioral reactions during adolescence. The most striking thing in this case is that it presents a moderate to high genetic correlation with ADHD and other psychiatric pathologies such as depression, anxiety or post -traumatic stress disorder. In this way, as explained Varun Warrierneurologist at the University of Cambridge and main author of the study in statements To El País “the truth is that we did not expect such wide genetic variation between the profiles stratified by age at the time of diagnosis.” The behavior. These genetic profiles correspond to two different development trajectories observed in the participants. Using birth cohorts data, the researchers identified two patterns. The first is the one that arises in early childhood and is categorized by difficulties that appear soon and remain stable or decrease slightly in adolescence. People in this trajectory are more likely to be diagnosed in childhood. In a second point there is the one that arises in late childhood where people present less difficulties of young people, but these increase significantly when they grow until they reach adolescence. Why is it important. Uta Fith, one of the most expert in development disorders of the University College London, summarizes it for the SMC portal: “The article demonstrates that autism is not a unit condition. It makes it clear that children diagnosed early and those diagnosed later constitute two very different subgroups.” Fith goes further and directly attacks misinformation: “It is time to recognize that autism has become a disaster drawer of different conditions. If you talk about an ‘autism epidemic’, a ’cause of autism’ or a ‘treatment for autism’, the immediate question should be: what kind of autism do we speak?”. This discovery right now helps to explain why previous genetic studies on autism and ADHD showed contradictory results. The answer was in the average age of diagnosis of the samples used: at the highest age of diagnosis, the greater the genetic correlation between autism and ADHD. The weight of genetics. According to the investigation, the common genetic variants explain about 11% of the variation in the diagnosis age. It may not seem like a very high figure, but as Warrier clarifies, “it is similar or superior to most other factors that we have evaluated: concurrent language delays, intellectual disability, sex, socio -economic status of parents …”. In fact, individual sociodemographic and clinical factors rarely explain more than 15% of this variance. This does not make the rest of the diseases related to the disease less important. Access to Health, gender bias (Women are usually diagnosed later because they learn to disguise their behaviors), stigma or social camouflage remain crucial to understand when a person receives their diagnosis. In short, this study forces us to change the singular for the plural. Perhaps in the future let’s not talk about autism, but about autisms, each with their own genetic bases, development trajectories and support needs. A crucial step to offer more personalized help and to silence scientific populism that seeks unique and simple causes for a deeply complex condition. A very complex moment. Right now autism is in the mouth of many people, not only because Autism diagnoses is increasingbut also by Donald Trump’s statements that He blames to take Paracetamol In pregnancy as a risk factor of having this disease. Images | Alireza Attari Warren Umoh In Xataka | Bill Gates and the autistic spectrum: a family revelation that sheds light on its personality and success profession

Many are still convinced that Instagram listens to the microphone. The app of the app has wanted to set the subject

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In a meeting between friends you talk about making a weekend getaway, rural houses and whether it is worth renting a car. Hours later, when Instagram opens, ads appear for travel agencies, car rental portals and route recommendations. The feeling that The mobile “hears us” It is installed easily. In this context, Adam Mosseri, head of Instagram, published a video to disassemble that myth and explain why we see ads that seem to guess our conversations. Meta has almost a decade denying sharply that their applications access the microphone without permission, but doubts never disappear at all. Now the discussion returns to the front line because The company has announced thatas of December, conversations with their artificial intelligence assistant will also be part of the customization of ads and recommendations (this change will not apply, at least for now, in the European Union). The denial and this novelty have communicated almost at the same time, which adds a striking nuance to the message. Mosseri says they don’t listen to us, while finishing another key novelty The closeness between both communications did not go unnoticed. Instagram head chosen a personal tone, even light, but at the same time he wanted cut the suspicion that the application listens to its users. He presented that statement as a starting point on which to build his explanation. His words were clear and it is worth reproducing them in full: “We do not listen to you. We do not use the microphone of the phone to spy on. If we did, it would be a serious violation of privacy. In addition, we would exhaust the battery of the device and noticed it, and you would even see a small light in the upper part of the screen that would tell you that the microphone is on.” For Mosseri, what seems to really be the effect of four quite common situations. One possibility is that before talking about a topic and lor we have sought without remembering it. Another is that someone in our environment has done it and the platform takes it as a indication. It can also happen that the announcement has appeared before and we did not pay attention, but that it later sneaks into the conversation. And the simplest explanation of all remains: it is a mere coincidence. “I want to reiterate that we do not listen to your microphone. I know that some of you are not going to believe me no matter how much I try to explain, but I wanted to make things clear. I am sure that the comments in this publication will be a bit intense. We see you soon. Paz.” It was not the first time that the company was trying to settle the suspicion. In 2016, Facebook said that did not use the phone’s microphone to guide ads or to change what appears in the Feed. Two years later, in an appearance before the United States Senate, Mark Zuckerberg was asked directly on the subject and rSponge With a “no” just as sharp. Years later, Meta support website itself included A document on the same line. Click to watch the video on Instagram Doubts about possible listening also led the academic community to test it. In 2017, a group of researchers from Northeastern University analyzed more than 17,000 Android applications, including those of Facebook, to check if they activated the microphone without the user knowing. After months of evidence, They found no evidence What happened. They did observe other data collection behaviors, but do not listen undercover. The authors themselves clarified, yes, that there were scenarios that were left out of their study. Beyond the studies, there is a technical aspect that should be remembered. In current mobiles, both in iOS and Android, any application that wants to use the microphone You need explicit user permission. In addition, when an actor appears active on the screen (a color point or a warning in the upper bar) that immediately points it. These notices, together with the extra battery consumption that would involve permanent listening, make it difficult to hide an undercover use of the microphone without the user noticed. The persistence of this myth is better understood if the context is observed. The directed advertising is so precise and so difficult to decipher for the average user that it is easier to attribute it to a microphone on than to an invisible data network. Our memory also influences. To this is added the history of mattress controversies in privacy. Images | Brett Jordan | Xataka with Gemini 2.5 | Screen capture In Xataka | I’ve been hooked to Sora 2 for two days: I’m generating absurd memes where I am the protagonist and I can’t stop

Openai signs with Samsung and SK Hynix for a potential chips demand of 900,000 wafers per month. It is an absurd figure

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In Seoul A package of agreements was closed which reflects how far the career for artificial intelligence is coming. Openai sat down with Samsung and SK to advance his project Stargate And the companies pointed to a goal that surprises on its own: 900,000 DRAM wafers per month. The plan, according to the parties, goes through reinforcing memory production and studying new data centers in South Korea. All this was announced after a series of meetings of Sam Altman, business leaders and President Lee Jae-Myung himself. The appointment at the Seoul presidential office brought together Sam Altman With the leaders of the aforementioned Asian technological conglomerates, in the presence of the president Lee Jae-Myung. The tone was shared: Korea seeks to consolidate as one of the three global powers in artificial intelligence and OpenAi needs to anchor its Stargate project in regions with technological muscle. This lace explains the interest of both parties in formalizing agreements that cover from the memory supply to the construction of new data centers, with a long -term view. An objective that can tension the entire memory sector The volume that has been put on the table is disproportionate if compared to the market. According to Techinsightsthe global capacity of production of 300 millimeter DRAM was about 2.07 million per month in 2024 and would grow to 2.25 million in 2025. reaching 900,000 would mean about 39% of all that capacity. No individual manufacturer reaches such a figure alone, so that the magnitude of the agreement reflects both Openai’s ambition and the growing pressure to ensure the supply of advanced memory. Signed documents include preliminary commitments to expand memory production and evaluate additional infrastructure in South Korea. Among them is the participation of Samsung SDS in the development of data centers, as well as Samsung C&T and Samsung Heavy Industries in its design and construction. The Ministry of Science and ICT contemplates evaluating site outside the Metropolitan Area of ​​Seoul, and SK Telecom has signed an agreement to study the viability of a center in the southwest of the country. It is also proposed to explore the deployment of Chatgpt Enterprise and API capabilities in corporate operations. A key point in all this is in the difference between using and training a model. When someone consults a chatbot, infrastructure of inference is activated, much less demanding. But to train a new generation system, thousands of chips are needed working in parallel, each accompanied by High performance memory modules. This scale multiplies the need for servers, cooling systems and electrical power. In that context, guaranteeing hundreds of thousands of wafers per month does not seem an excess, but a way of ensuring that the next wave of models has the necessary material support. Stargate Data Center in the United States Openai’s computing muscle relies on huge draft alliances. With Oracle and SoftBankthe company prepares five data centers that would provide several capacity gigawatts. Nvidia, meanwhile, has announced that it would invest up to 100,000 million dollars and that would give access to more than 10 gigawatts through their training systems. Openai’s trajectory is not understood without Microsoft, his first great partner. The Initial bet of 1 billion in 2019 and the subsequent investment of 10,000 million gave access to the Azure cloud, Key to train models They promoted Chatgpt. Over time, however, Sam Altman’s company has begun to reduce that dependence. The last movements mark a change of course towards infrastructure in which OpenAI has more direct control, a way of making sure they are not conditioned to a single supplier. It should be remembered that many of the ads remain preliminary. Letters of intention and memoranda mark the will to advance, But concrete details have not yet closed. At the scale that Stargate raises, the risks are evident: from bottlenecks in the production of high performance memory to energy availability to feed facilities of several gigawatts. To this are added the necessary permits and the complexity of coordinating projects with so many actors. At the moment, the signed opens a path, but it remains to be seen what materializes and in what deadlines. Images | Sam Altman | Samsung | SK Hynix | Xataka with Grok In Xataka | I’ve been hooked to Sora 2 for two days: I’m generating absurd memes where I am the protagonist and I can’t stop

Millions of Spaniards consume benzodiazepines to sleep at night. They do not know that it is an poisoned candy

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On July 13, 2010, two days after Spain won the World Cup in South Africa, a Facebook user He putas the name of a group of that social network a phrase for history as a title of a group of that social network: “I am Spanish, what do you want me to win?” He talked about sports, of course. But if I had to choose a non-sports land to beat almost any other nationality, I would have (sadly) clear: The consumption of benzodiazepines. And if we talk about sleeping medications, I would bet on Lorazepam. A medication … paradoxical. Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine of intermediate action. In general terms, it works in the brain as a specific agonist of most subtypes of the Gabaa receiver. That is what makes it act as anxiolytic, sedative, muscle, anticonvulsive and amnesic. But, generalized (and even if the lormatazepan is better), it is prescribed to sleep. Why does it help to sleep? This medication facilitates Conciliation (helps to fall asleep), increases the total sleep time (in the first shots – therefore, treatments of more than four weeks are not recommended) and reduces night awakenings. It is, as it is easy to see, a resource very helpful to a problem increasingly widespread. And why is it ‘paradogical’? Because those ‘benefits’ have costs. To start, leave hangover. Being an intermediate action drug, it can leave some drowsiness or stunning after awakening. But that is little. The worst thing is that it modifies sleep architecture. In essence, the deep sleep phase and the ReM phase tend to reduce. That makes the sleep more continuous and less repairing. As The Uxoa Olaizola Pharmaceutical“Maybe you sleep, but your brain is not resting.” As if that were not enough, you can create addiction. This is better known and, in fact, it is one of the problems with the benzos. About 10% of the Spanish population has consumed them without a recipe, and 7.2% do so daily. We have a problem and it is quite serious. “75% of Spaniards wake up at least once At night, and 3 out of 10 directly affirm that they suffer from insomnia. “And, eye, the scientific evidence available tells us that we tend to think that we sleep better than we really do. Reality, surely, is much worse. And he will go more; With all its consequences. Lack of sleep is related to immunological problems, Metabolic, Cardiovascular emotional and cognitive; With disorders such as diabetes or of the obesity. Not just that sleeping little causes us to be more tired and irritablebut Raise our stress levels And it makes us Assume more risks And make more wrong. Hopefully not to mistake on this. Image | Shane | Roberto Sorin In Xataka | Science has been trying to find out what is the best time to go to sleep. And it is already close to an answer

What has been shot is the rest of the bill

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The receipt of natural gas becomes more expensive with the arrival of autumn. On October 1, a new upload of the natural gas receipt entered into force. The last resort rate (TUR) is scanned on average 13.2% in homes and between 12% and 20.1% in neighborhood communities, According to the resolution published in the Official State Gazette (BOE). The climb occurs in full start of the heating season, an especially sensitive moment for families that depend on gas to heat their homes. More increases? Each quarter, the Ministry for Ecological Transition always updates the TUR. The mechanism is automatic: if the cost of the raw material varies more than 2%, the rate is updated. And this October, the combination of three factors has been decisive: Seasonal gas: each fall is incorporated into the calculation because in winter the demand increases. Only that component causes the cost of the raw material to shoot 24.9% compared to July. International markets: Actually, base gas has reduced 6.5% thanks to the Brent drop Already a stronger euro against the dollar. But that respite has been buried by seasonal surcharge. The tolls and regulated charges: that finance transport and distribution. According to the OCUthis year they have risen strongly, especially in the fixed term of the invoice, which in some cases has shot up to 43%. In summary, although in the part of the international markets there has not been a disruptive change, the regulated adjustments and the entrance of the winter gas have ended up pushing the upward rate. How much do I have to pay for gas? The answer depends on how much each home consumes. The regulated rate (TUR) is divided into sections according to the annual use, which allows to easily identify what rate corresponds to each case: Tur1: up to 5,000 kWh/year. They are normally homes that only use cooking gas or for the hot sanitary water. In this section, the fixed is € 3.93/month and the variable in € 0.045/kWh. Tur2: Up to 15,000 kWh/year. It is the most common rate in families that use gas for both hot water and heating. Here the fixed rises to € 8.11/month and the variable to € 0.043/kWh. Tur3: Up to 50,000 kWh/year. It is applied in large homes with intensive heating or in small businesses. The fixed is € 18.82/month and the variable drops to € 0.039/kWh. In more practical data, According to the OCUan average home with 9,000 kWh a year goes from 553 to 619 euros per year, that is, 66 euros more in a single quarter. On the other hand, in neighboring communities there are special rates (Tur4 to Tur11), ranging from 50,000 kWh to very high consumption. Here the increases are higher: from 12% to 20.1%. Tur4 rises 15%, Tur7 19.2%and Tur11 20.1%. The hardest blow will be received by those who use the gas for heating, since the fixed term is paid every month although it is not consumed. Even so, the OCU emphasize that the Tur It is still cheaper than many free market rates, where some customers even pay twice. Beyond the invoice. The increase in gas does not affect only the families that use it for heating or hot water. It also conditions the electrical system. After the blackout of April 28, Red Eléctrica reinforced the use of combined gas cycles to give stability to the network. And what was born as an emergency measure has become the new normality: when solar and wind generation falls, The support continues to put the gas. This explains a paradox: Spain produces more renewable energy than ever, but not being able to store it sufficiently, gas enters to meet demand and ends marking prices. In other words: although the electricity and the gas invoice are different, the role of gas in the system makes both connected. There will be more changes in the future. And we already count it in Xatakabetween 2028 and 2032 eight million gas counters will be replaced. The new ones will be intelligent, will allow real -time readings and reduce fraud, but they will also cost more: the rent will go from € 0.58 to € 1.10/month, about 6 euros more a year for each home. The government defends that, in the long term, it will be saved on consumption and emissions, but in the short term it will be another rise in the invoice. The look set in January 2026. When the rates will be checked again. Everything will depend on the contribution of the gas, the euro against the dollar and the regulated tolls. But the context does not invite optimism, since the EU has extended the obligation to store 90% of the gas, which maintains pressure on demand. In addition, the Spanish electrical system will continue to need gas as supportat least until 2026, because there is not enough storage or intelligent networks. Finally, investments in digitalization and modernization (Accountants, batteries, micro -redes) will bring more fixed costs for consumers. In short, the gas will remain a volatile terrain and, although the regulated rate continues to be the most competitive, it is not a safe refuge. The increase in this October recalls that energy continues to mark the pulse of the family economy and that, until there is a system capable of storing and taking better advantage of renewables, gas will continue to dictate the rules of the game and invoice. Image | Freepik Xataka | Natural gas has become essential in the AI ​​era, and this chart exposes countries with the largest reserves

The main work of the creator of ‘Doom’ remains to explain how demons exist ‘doom’

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John Romero’s enthusiasm is contagious: we agree that his main work, although he continues to devote himself to programming, is essentially to explain the ‘Doom‘. And it does it great. Romero is not only very aware of the essentials for the history of the piece he created with the rest of Software idbut he knows perfectly why, today, he is still the favorite video game of many fans. And he told us with hairs and signs in the Comic-with Malagawhere he came to explain what, in his opinion, the essential bases of the DNA of the FPS genre were. The original ‘doom’ is considered today a technical feat for many reasons that Romero himself was in charge of getting ourselves meticulously, but from the first minute, he made it clear what in ID knew that he had to have the game to shine above his competitors and his venerable predecessors: an infernal speed. He tells us that “we needed to design new techniques to create light and dark in a 3D world. And how to do it with very high frame speeds, which was the biggest obstacle: try to do it very fast” To get at that speed First they had to invent a new way of making 3D: “For a time ‘doom’ looked like what we had done in Wolfenstein 3D, because we mentally still there, doing things as they were done before us.” And how were things done before? “Wolfenstein’s walls were 90 degrees completely illuminated. But in ‘Doom’ there were stairs, dark corridors, immense open spaces, lots of monsters, and nobody had never seen anything like that before. We had no references. So we could only create, test, invent and try to improve it little by little.” Everything points to amounts of demential work, and Romero confirms it: “And the speed was not everything. The sound, the multiplayer (‘doom’ was the first in high speed, and with different ways, cooperative and Deathmatch), allowing people to modify the game and change it. And, well, all these things happened in a single game. And on top of that we wanted to launch it for Christmas. “A real madness, but he does not doubt a second to remember that schedule and design it” was very fun. “ History matters There is a very widespread topic, which is that ‘doom’ has no history, and indeed, the argument is of a minimum density, but That does not mean that he does not strive to convey an atmosphere and a narrative. “There was a general history,” Romero tells us, “for which we inspire ourselves in D&D. I always try to make games different from everything that players have experienced before: with ‘Wolfenstein 3D’, no one had faced Nazis like that. In the ‘Castle Wolfenstein’ ‘on which we rely, 11 years before, you had to camouflage yourself as Nazi. And if not, you were detained without the possibility of response. And we said: ‘Let’s put in this game a frontal confrontation with the Nazis’ “ And that philosophy translates into ‘doom’: “We could not have a science fiction game in which we only kill aliens, because that was what was expected. What could we do to be different? The idea of ​​’Doom’ emerged from the ‘Dungoons & Dragons’ campaign to which we had been playing for years and that ended because the demons multiplied they multiplied with everyone What existed. And they adding elements to the mixture: “We were inspired by the movie ‘Aliens’ in the space marines and Fast action, that tension, suspense and terror of having so many things moving around youwanting to kill you. And then evil for black humor, shotgun, chainsaw and attitude. “Finally, it is time to ask for an impossible. We ask Romero to make a total summary of ‘doom’, of his influence and impact. Why do we keep talking about the game decades later? “We can divide its influence into two branches: technical and cultural,” he says. “Technically, we boost the industry towards the 3D. When things have been successful for a long time, it is not easy to overcome them. And in the eighties, the lateral displacement games had been very popular and a lot of personalized hardware was created to manage this genre, such as the Super Nintendo or the friend.” Thus, “Domestic computers and consoles wore incredible dedicated chips. A lot of work was invested in R&D to manufacture these things. And huge companies, multimillionaire companies, launched these things to the market. But we think: “We are going to go to 3D, people are tired.” But there were no graphics cards, so we had to try to make my best with what we had. Technology at full speed Another important technical aspect in ‘Doom’ is the integration of the multiplayer in the game: “Today the game that does not carry multiplayer is rare, but then the strange was incorporated. Our intention was not only to take it, but to integrate it into everything we had already created for the individual mode. We put that multiplayer mode during the last three months of the game development, when we thought” shit And we schedule it in a hurry. And culturally, how did ‘doom’ mark the environment? Romero lists some details (“Heavy metal had never been heard in a commercial game”), but stays with two aspects that certainly changed everything definitively. On the one hand, ID launched instructions to freely modify the game, which generated a community around it: “We launched the game in 1993, and In 1997 we published all source codesyou could take the game and do everything you would like with him, without consulting us. Moreover, we get involved in the community and that helped it grow out of control. “ And that was from the same concept of the game: “We created it thinking that people could change the game at will, so that it was modifiable, and we published all the data explaining how to modify the levels and others. So, … Read more

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