tells

The creator of the new Game of Thrones tells how to do something different

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Yes, of course there was talk of ‘game of thrones‘. In the presentation of the new HBO Max news for 2026we had the opportunity to find out what awaited us from the platform’s most popular franchise in the coming months. We look at new images of the third season of ‘The House of the Dragon’, which will arrive in a few months, but above all, there was talk of the imminent premiere on January 18 of ‘The Knight of the Seven Kingdoms, an unexpected turn in tone and visuals for the franchise. A change of third that, if it proves anything, is that we have ‘Game of Thrones for a while’. ‘The Knight of the Seven Kingdoms’ is the third television project in the Westeros universe created by George RR Martin and is based on the short novels that make up the ‘Tales of Dunk and Egg’ cycle. They narrate the adventures of a wandering knight and his young squire located between ‘The House of the Dragon’ (72 years later) and ‘Game of Thrones’ (172 years before), in a time where the Targaryens still occupy the Iron Throne but the dragons are now only a distant memory. The protagonists are Ser Duncan the Tall, Dunk (Peter Claffey), a humble and tall knight, and his squire Egg (Dexter Sol Ansell), who actually hides his true identity as Aegon Targaryen, the future Aegon V. With a shorter and more concentrated format, with six half-hour episodes in its first seasonthe tone promises to be brighter and more adventurous, moving away from palace conspiracies and battles to focus on this journey through the paths of Westeros. And what we saw gave us the impression of an aesthetic identical to what we expect from the franchise, but with humor that borders on parody. This series serves to make it clear that there are many ‘Game of Thrones’ in ‘Game of Thrones’. We will see death, darkness and violence, but also gags typical of a sitcom. All while remaining a strong visual bet in the purest HBO style: costumes, photography and settings are on par with what we have seen in ‘The House of the Dragon’, and it is just as violent. A surprisingly talkative Ira Parker told us about all this, showrunner of the series. To make his own, distinctive version of the books, Martin says he did what the showrunners of the previous series did with the original work: “process it in your own style.” That is to say, “you are not looking for anything specific, the new style comes naturally according to your personality.” For example, Parker affirms that there is a lot of himself in the protagonistwhich “comes from the shittiest corner of Westeros.” What happens to him is that “all these princes, kings and queens he meets seem a little absurd to him. And he doesn’t really know if people are making fun of him or not, if they are serious or not. And from that situation many comedic scenes arise naturally.” And that’s why “this series is a good starting point for people who didn’t watch the original series because it was very dark. We take them by the hand on a lighter and kinder path to Westeros. And then it becomes the Westeros we know.” Because If there’s one thing fans don’t have to worry about, it’s fidelity to the original book. Parker says that from the first conversations with HBO and Martin himself, “the idea was that the story is the story. The story of these novellas, the beginning and the end, that’s what we’re going to tell.” But above all, respecting the original spirit: “That’s the fun of these books. Anyone can die at any time.” And also, according to Bloys, “with a final battle scene that is on par with what has been seen in ‘Game of Thrones’ or ‘House of the Dragon’.” And although Parker appreciates Bloys’ words, he makes a distinction: “the series identifies with Duncan to the point that everything, our music, our photography, our action and also our budget, is a reflection of someone who rises from nothing. Of course, there are great, very careful and epic series in this world. We are not one of them. We do what we can, like Duncan.” However, the heart of the series is not in the violence, but in “the relationship established between Duncan and Egg, which we have tried to take care of as much as possible. “We have two extraordinary actors who are basically good friends, that is, they became friends during filming, and we show that on the screen, we show a friendship that is forming.” In fact, he only has words of praise for the great discovery of the series, young Dexter Sol Ansell. He says it was the first audition for the character he ever saw, and he immediately wrote to the casting director: “I said, ‘Oh, perfect. He’s done it. He’s nailed it. What do we do now? Shall we hire him?’ and he said we had to go through a slightly longer casting process. We did, we ended up going back to that first audition. Dexter is a really special kid. He’s the best child actor who has ever lived on planet Earth.” In Xataka | George RR Martin asked ChatGPT to write ‘Game of Thrones’. He did it so well that he is going to end up before the judge

The Universe is already shutting down, and that only tells us what its end will be like.

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Just like us, when we get older we leave the party behind and begin to lose energy, something very similar happens to the universe. And in the past the cosmos had a frenetic youth with an era known as ‘Cosmic Noon’10 billion years ago, where literally everything was a fireworks party with colliding galaxiesgas compressing and a great birth rate of our stars. But this party is coming to an end. With this simile, we come to the conclusion that the Universe is entering a great decline, as has pointed out a gigantic study led by the Euclid Collaboration that points out that the Universe is not only cooling, but appears to have stuck at a “retirement temperature.” How to do it. The question is mandatory, since understanding the health of the cosmos can be complex. That is why scientists choose to look at the ‘dust’ that exists throughout the galaxy and is the raw material for silicates and metals. with which the stars arise. The good thing is that this powder has a fundamental characteristic: it heats up. In this way, when many new stars are forming in a galaxy, a very intense light is radiated that heats up the dust that surrounds it. That hot dust, in turn, emits a weak glow in the form of heat: far infrared light, which is precisely what we can measure from our planet. Many tools. To make this measurement, a combination of observatories was used, such as Euclid, an ESA telescopewhich is creating the largest 3D map of the Universe and to do so provided an unprecedented census of 2.6 million galaxies. This information, together with old detections of far-infrared light, has been used to average the heat signal of thousands of galaxies of the same age and mass to obtain an incredibly precise average temperature reading. What it tells us. In this way, there is a direct correlation that tells us that a galaxy with its hot dust is a ‘factory’ of stars at full capacity. But a galaxy with cold dust is something that is already in decline and stable. The study confirms that in the “fever” of the Cosmic Noon, the galactic dust It reached average temperatures of 35 Kelvin (-238 °C). But as the Universe aged and star formation plummeted, that temperature began to drop. And this is where the key discovery comes. The study indicates that the temperature does not continue to drop indefinitely. After a certain point (8 billion years ago), the temperature stops falling and stabilizes. Specifically, it has remained ‘stuck’ at -249.95 °C. Because. What has basically happened is that the ‘thermostat of the Universe’ has changed from youth mode, where many stars were forming, to old age mode, where the dust warms up with the population of stars that exists, which is logically much colder. This finding is crucial because it shows that the temperature of the dust, for the first time, has become independent of the mass of the galaxy. It doesn’t matter if it is a large or small galaxy; If it is in our time, its dust is around 23 Kelvins, or what is the same: -249.95 ºC. Although 23 Kelvins is the new norm, it is just a pit stop on a much longer journey. This study is further proof that we live in a Universe in decline, dominated by dark energy that accelerates its expansion. In this way, as space stretches, galaxies will become more isolated and their raw material will be depleted. That is why the future (although we will not see it) is that the old stars that maintain this stable temperature are going to die. It’s like those embers that emit constant heat to be able to cook in the fireplace, which go out little by little until it becomes completely cold. The final destination, although billions of years away, remains the “Cold Death” of the cosmos: a state of maximum entropy where the temperature will reach Absolute Zero (-273.15 °C) and all activity will stop forever. Images | Jeremy Thomas In Xataka | Forget the Matrix: a new mathematical proof settles the debate over whether the universe is a simulation

Each one tells a different future, and all seem likely

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Are our works by removing us? That is one of the great fears What we have about the impact of artificial intelligence In society. The question is important and inevitablebut today there is no way to answer it with certainty. And it is not because we are not trying to do it. The AI ​​(say) is priming with the newly graduates In early August a reported report In The Atlantic He warned of something worrying: the unemployment rate among the newly American graduates was growing. Among the possible causes, a slow recovery was cited from the pandemic, but also a more disturbing one: that AI is used to solve the tasks that those newly graduates made in their first jobs. Wait, maybe AI is not replacing anyone. Shortly after, another study of the Economic Innovation Group titled with sarcasm “AI and works: the last word (until the next one arrives)” precisely raised the opposite situation. After analyzing several jobs theoretically exposed to the impact of AI, they detected that changes in unemployment rates were practically null or non -existent. According to those responsible, the AI ​​is not at the moment taking our work, and if it is doing, the impact is for now very small. A third study to liar more things. And of course the story did not end there, because a few days ago it appeared A new study led by the well -known academic and economist Erik Brynjolfsson. Here the research seemed to confirm the hypothesis of the first study cited: the AI ​​is impacting on employment, but not on the world: only in that of the newly graduated from the university. Young people have it more difficult, adults do not. According to their data, young people between 22 and 25 who start working as software developers or customer service agents They were having difficulty finding employment Because the IAS begin to occupy these positions instead. Thus, in the works most exposed to AI, these young people have seen 6% less employment, when other age ranges have increased the employment rate between 6 and 9%. On the one hand, the Economic Innovation Group study pointed out that there is hardly any impact between unemployment rates in theoretically expued work to AI. A difficult situation to explain. These three studies raise a confusing reality: is the work taking away, or not? Two of the studies do point to this focusing on young people who finish their university studies and look for a first job. Analyst Noah Smith contrasted That data and asked a question: how is it possible that companies are not hiring so many young people, but are increasingly hiring engineers of more than 40? There is a plausible, but not definitive explanation. On the other, the Brynjolfsson et al. (2025) reveals that the exhibition does exist, but only for the newly graduated young people between 22 and 25 years. The AI ​​as a complement to who knows and as a substitute for the one who does not. These studies that point to a real impact on the use of the youngest could be explained with a theory: companies are seeing that AI can in effect resolve “basic” tasks that the newly graduated, previously resolved, So there is a substitution effect. But they are also verifying that AI can also help workers with experience improving their productivity, so there is an effect of complementarity, of “co -pilot” of the worker. If that is true – and for the moment it is difficult to know – we have an important problem. Theories. Bharat Chandar, one of Brynjolfsson’s collaborators, explained In an independent article that “AI is exceptionally good in the type of knowledge that can be learned from books or that constitute the core of formal education.” But it also pointed to another possibility: that for companies it is easier to avoid hiring new employees than to let those already existing in an adjustment period that is affecting sectors such as software development. And now how I win experience? These first works of the newly graduated have always been crucial to gain experience and train in the professional field, but if AI begins to impact these jobs, the danger is that the quota of experienced professionals with experience It looks reduced. Companies will enter A dangerous vicious circle: If they do not form new employees, they will not gain experience that then serves to make them more productive. The possible transformation of the “first job”. This impact could break that cycle that we followed before to gain experience at work, but does not mean that there are no future options. In fact, you can make this experience gain accelerate. If companies hire newly graduated but they know how to take advantage of AI tools to learn and gain much faster capabilities, companies will have an opportunity on that scenario. Here correct and supervise the AI ​​- for example, so that it is aligned with the objectives of the company – and provide a creative resolution of problems assisted by AI can also contribute many integers in these young profiles. Image | Sigmund In Xataka | There is a university career whose employability is approaching 100%. It is also one of the least studied

Domotizing with sensors seemed good idea. After several days of testing, Ana has discovered what almost no one tells

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What can go wrong when you try to domote the kitchen and bathroom … even little by little? Well, many things, as you will discover In this new installment of ‘Domotize or die in the attempt’. Ana has proposed to move forward with her connected house, but what seemed a more or less simple installation of sensors It ends up becoming a succession of failed tests, network errors, double -sided tape and various frustrations. In this episode, the goal is clear: protect the water leak house and automate bath lighting, but the process will not be precisely fluid. Nor short. Not simple. Before entering flour, the first logistic obstacle had to be overcome: shipping. One of the packages with the essential sensors had been lost, which kept the entire process in pause. “It seemed that today’s video was not going to arrive, but finally the package appeared,” says Ana, resigned but relieved. With everything already at home, the installation starts: water sensors at key points such as sink or dishwasher, and a first attempt to leave the presence detection system ready in the bathroom ready. What follows, of course, is not a manual installation. Tape, tests and patience: Home automation is taking pace The first sensors to settle were those of water leaks, and the kitchen was the test field. Ana located the three most critical points: sink, dishwasher and washing machine. He prepared to make tests in real conditions. The result was a constant strip and loosen between theory and practice. “It has taken a little more than I expected”, Says after seeing how the sensor does not react instantly to contact with water. From there, homemade adjustments begin. Place the device as centered as possible, trust that it does not move with the passage of the aspirating robot and wait for the time, the time comes, it really works. Everything pointed out that the Valve Controller would be the perfect brooch: a system that, when detecting a leak, would automatically close the passage key. It made sense, it was well thought out and seemed to fit the logic of the rest of the sensors. But when trying to install it, the thing was twisted. Ana discovers that, despite having the pipes in sight, there is not enough space to place the device. “My joy in a well,” summarizes, with a mixture of rage and resignation. The concept was ideal, the impossible execution. It will touch it back. After the reverse with the valve controller, Ana focuses on the other great objective of the episode: install a LED strip behind the bathroom mirror and accompany it with a presence sensor that activates the light automatically at night. It sounds simple, but only in theory. You have to look for the exact placemake sure that you do not activate with cats, find free plugs, and deal with an app that does not want to collaborate. “Ok, great. It’s a bit slow, but it works,” he says when, finally, he gets everything to react … although not quite as he expected. From there, it is time to test, move the sensor, adjust settings and fight with home automation. Will you get it ready? That is another story. After so much effort, Ana manages to launch her night lighting routine in the bathroom. The sensor detects the movement and lights the LED strip … although not always with the desired speed or precision. Sometimes it takes, sometimes it is activated for no reason. “It works, I would tell you that between 85 and 90 % well,” he acknowledges. It is not perfect, but functional enough to keep it installed. Will it end by polishing the failures? Is it enough when they return from the trip? In the video we see how everything has evolved. With part of the system already underway, Ana begins to think about what is coming: a trip, plants, cats … and the terrace, which stays as a pending task for the next chapter. In the next episode we will see how the house prepares for be outwith automatic irrigation system. At the moment, there is something that is still unresolved: the happy water key controller. “I thank you infinite to leave me a comment to see if I can solve it,” he says, leaving the door open to someone having the answer she has not found. And yes, if you want to see how all this ends, The full video awaits you on the Xataka YouTube channel. Images | Xataka In Xataka | The supreme clarifies all doubts about placing gunshot with camera at home. It all depends on whether they record and where it points

If your intuition tells you that “more intense color are richer,” science has good news for you

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Cardiovascular diseases follow being the main cause of death in the worldbut this scourge can begin to control thanks to the most colorful foods of the supermarket. A new and thorough review study systematic published in Nutrients has put the focus on carotenoidsthe Natural pigments that give their vibrant color to fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes, carrots or spinach. What are exactly carotenoids. Carotenoids are a group of more than 600 compounds that plants, algae and some bacteria produce naturally. They are responsible for the red, orange and yellow tones of many foods. Among the best known we can highlight the lycopene that is very present the tomatoes, the beta-carotene that is in carrots (and can get to give us an orange color on the skin) and the Lutein o Zeaxantine that are in green foods. Components of great importance for humans. Humans cannot produce these carotenoids, as with some vitaminsso we depend on the diet to obtain them. But his fame is not free: they act as Powerful antioxidantsneutralizing the free radicals they produce Oxidative stress and ends up damaging the cells and the genetic material itself. In addition, the study highlights its anti -inflammatory properties or its ability to improve the cholesterol profile by reducing oxidation of ‘bad’ or LDL cholesterol. This is something very relevant, then The oxidation of LDL is the trigger to form the atheroma plates In blood vessels, which is a key risk factor for Atherosclerosis. That is, the hardening and obstruction of the main arteries of the organism that can finally cause a heart attack. Evidence on the table: real food vs. supplements. The researchers, led by a team from the European University of the Atlantic in Santander, analyzed 38 of the most relevant studies published in the last decade to answer a key question: does the carotenoid intake prevents cardiovascular diseases? But beyond this, they also wondered if The supplements that can be found work or a varied diet is better. Having them in blood is associated with a healthier heart. The observational studies of cohorts that followed large groups of people for years, are quite consistent: those who had higher concentrations of serum carotenoids presented, in general, a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. Specifically, there was an inverse correlation with hypertension, the rigidity of the arteries and several inflammation markers. This suggests that a usual consumption of rich foods in these compounds is a good cardiovascular health indicator. Do carotene supplements work? This is where the thing is complicated. The studies that gave the participants carotenoid capsules showed results that were often contradictory. On the one hand, when the lycopene was given in supplement, he recorded an improvement in the endothelial function of patients who already had cardiovascular disease, but not in healthy volunteers. In the case of lutein, a triglyceridesand with beta -carotene the significant effect was null. This is something that surprised the researchers, but even more they were amazed to see that by providing several carotenoids together the effect was more effective than with the use of an isolated carotene. This already gives us an important clue. Real food wins the game. The clearest verdict came from dietary intervention studies. When participants were provided with foods such as tomato or carrot juices, or they were indicated to increase the consumption of fruits and vegetables in the diet, the benefits were more notable and consistent than with the pills. Interventions with tomato juice in lycopene managed to reduce key inflammatory molecules in atherosclerosis, while increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables improved antioxidant capacity of “good” or HDL cholesterol. In this way, scientific evidence suggests that carotenoids have to be consumed in ‘groups’ to have a greater effect. The conclusion is clear: we must not replace the vegetable. On many occasions we try to supplement what we do not like with herbalist treatments. This is not ideal in this case, since the cardioprotective effect of the carotenoid seems to be amplified with other compounds that the original food such as fiber or vitamins presents. But it also adds to the need to complement it with other fruits and vegetables. And you don’t have to become obsessed with tomato and carrot in this regard. There are a lot of fruits and vegetables that can be included in the diet in a varied way so as not to end ‘hating it: peppers, pumpkin, broccoli or kale are some of the examples we find. Time is vital for your protection. As in medicine, the effects are not usually immediate when a change in the habits of a patient is made. In this case, long -term observational studies show the strongest results, that is, It is the sustained habit of consuming these foods What really protects the heart. A good diet is fundamental. This conclusion is no secret to us, since there are many studies that point to important benefits of following a good diet. For example, the Mediterranean diet It can help us stop the aging of the brain. Although it is also a reality that there are many diets such as potato diet either Miracle diets In general, they are a pathology to face it in the absence of nutrients or a subsequent rebound effect. Images | Claudio Schwarz Kenny Eliason In Xataka | We have just discovered one of the best kept secrets of the Mediterranean diet: its compounds

We have centuries studying the different types of clouds. What tells us the shape and color of these atmospheric phenomena

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The atmosphere of the earth hides about 12.9 billion liters of watermore or less. And a good part of that water is in huge clouds that we see fly over our heads as if nothing. These huge atmospheric objects captivate our imagination in childhood, but we often stop thinking about them during our day. Knowing them can help us pay attention to them. What is a cloud The clouds are essentially water, a lot of water. Steam -shaped water, small drops and Even small ice crystals that remain in suspension in the atmosphere. This water becomes visible when condensed, generating a contrast with the blue of the sky. The clouds circulate in the atmosphere dragged through the differences in pressure and the wind that they generate. They also move as a result of the land rotation itself, since the solid surface of the earth does not rotate in the same way as the atmosphere. The clouds can be of very different types that we classify according to certain conditions, such as the height to which they occur. For example, when the clouds are formed at surface height, we do not even usually refer to them as such, but as a fog. But the fog is still a type of cloud. How a cloud is formed The atmosphere keeps water vapor, small H2O molecules that are mixed with the other gases that make up the atmosphere. The amount of water that the atmosphere can store in the form of gas depends on factors such as temperature and pressure. There is a threshold from which the atmosphere Water “sat”and that is when this water can begin to accumulate. This accumulation is good when the amount of water increases or because atmospheric conditions make the threshold reduce, and implies that the molecules go from being a gas in suspension to form microscopic water drops. When these drops, still in suspension, accumulate, the clouds are formed. Types of clouds and characteristics The clouds are usually classified according to two fundamental characteristics: Your altitude in the atmosphere and its appearance. According to its altitude, three types of clouds are distinguished (with an additional case), groups that the State Meteorology Agency (Aemet) call of “high floor” (the highest altitude), of “middle floor” (intermediate altitude) and those of low floor (those of minor antura), to which we must add the clouds of vertical development. There are different terms with which referring to these clouds, for example we can speak sympleously of high, medium and low clouds. High floor clouds The high -floor clouds are those that are at heights between 5 and 13 kilometers on the ground, and include cirro, circoum and cirrostrates. Cirrus: According to Explain Aemetcirrus are clouds of the high floor, separate and “in the form of white and delicate filaments, or banks or narrow, white or almost white bands.” Cirrus. Piccolonamek, Commons. CIRCOUM: It is a thin layer of clouds, white and shadowless, “very small elements” in the form of grains or undulations. Circummers. King of Hearts. CIRROSTRATE: These clouds for their part acquire the appearance of a “cloudy veil”, also transparent and rather white, only that this type of clouds covers the sky, totally or partially, producing “halos.” Cirros and its characteristic halo. SeanMack Medium floor clouds The clouds of the middle floor are located at heights between two and seven kilometers, and can also be of various types: altocumulos, high, and nimbostratos. Altocúmulos: The altocumulus are already located at medium heights. It is a bank or cloud layer that can be white or gray. Its structure can varybeing formed by “tiles”, “rounded masses” or “rollers”, structures that, in turn, can be “partially fibrous or diffuse,” Explain Aemet. Altocumulos. Bidgee Altostrates: This layer of clouds usually has gray or bluish colors, it can also have a fibrous appearance, it is characterized by totally or partially covering the sky allowing to distinguish vaguely, but unlike cirrostrates, it does not produce halos. Altostrates. Famartin. Nimbostrates: These clouds form an already dark gray layer, with “appearance veiled by rainfall or snow precipitation”, rainfall that usually falls from it more or less continuously. Nimbostratos. Famartin. Low floor clouds The low floor clouds are those located at heights of up to two kilometers and can be of two types: strata and strata. Stratocumulous: Again clouds that can acquire a gray color, or, on other occasions, whitish with dark parts. Stratocumulous. DjClimber. Strata: Generally gray clouds, uniform base (relatively), which can produce drizzle. The halos in this cloud only occur when very low temperatures are reached. Strata. Couch-Scratching-Cats. Vertical Development Clouds Finally, vertical development clouds can also be of two types: clusters and cumulonimbos. Clusters: These are clouds that arise in isolation, dense and well -defined contours. These clouds develop vertically with the form of “protuberances”, “domes” or “towers.” Clusters. Piccolonamek. Cumulonimbos: Finally, the cumulonimbos are clouds that Aemet describes as “Amazacotadas and Dense”, of vertical development “in the form of a mountain or huge towers.” On his cusp, a top “smooth, fibrous or striated.” Cumulonimbos. NOAA/AOML/Hurricane Research Division. How much water is there in a cloud? The clouds are ethereal objects, “cotton” and with a density low enough to keep afloat at a certain height in the atmosphere. However, they are also huge, so the amount of water they can house is enormous. A few years ago, a group of researchers proposed answer the question How much water is in a cloud. The truth is that the answer can vary greatly since the volume of these atmospheric phenomena can be the most diverse. However, the team made an estimate based on a 0.5 grams of water per cubic meter of cloud. The team took as reference an average cluster, an cloud that would have a cubic shape and a kilometer long. The result: this imaginary cloud would contain about 500 tons of water. Larger clouds, of course, would be able to house an even greater amount of water. In Xataka | “We are changing the clouds”: … Read more

Your pension tells a very different story

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In Spain, those who have worked as self -employed are that, upon reaching retirement, The amount of your pension It is significantly lower than that of its equals employees. This situation, a priori, seems entirely unfair, since, for setting a more or less close example, an autonomous electrician who works alone, will charge a salary similar to a salaried electrician for his work, and both pay a social security price that will then determine the amount of his Retirement pension. However, the main difference between the two is that, in the case of the wage earner, a part of that price is assumed by the company that hires it, while the autonomous does not do so in the same way. That difference is what causes the self -employed to retire a pension much smaller than employees. Difference of pensions between employees and autonomous. The difference between retirement pensions of salaried workers and self -employed remains considerable in 2025. According to the official data Of the Ministry of Inclusion and Social Security, the average pension of the self -employed is 1,008.8 euros per month, while the employees of the general regime receive 1,665.5 euros per month on average. A relevant aspect is that this difference is even greater depending on gender. Autonomous men receive an average pension of 1,150.10 euros after retirement, while women receive 863.97 euros. This inequality is also due to the quoted years and the sections chosen during working life according to the data collected by Social Security. On average, this is a monthly difference of 657.72 euros in the retirement pension and more than 9,200 euros a year between both groups. The monthly quota: key to inequality. The pension gap between salaried and self -employed workers remains stable in the historical data, and has an obvious reason: most self -employed opt for the minimum contribution base to maximize their monthly fee. As can be seen in the lower picture, in the case of wage earners, both company and worker assume a certain percentage of the price for the employee, starting from a contribution base, being the company who assumes most of that cost and enters it in the Social Security on account of its employee. GUY Company Worker Total Common contingencies 23.60% 4.70% 28.30% Intergenerational Equity Mechanism (MEI) 0.67% 0.13% 0.80% Unemployment (indefinite contract) 5.50% 1.55% 7.05% Unemployment (temporary contract) 6.70% 1.60% 8.30% Fogasa 0.20% 0% 0.20% Professional training 0.60% 0.10% 0.70% However, the calculation of the self -employed contribution base is not made based on the salary he receives as in employees, but based on their net benefit and, depending on that amount, is welcomed by the adequate fee section. That section defines its minimum contribution base, although the autonomous can choose to quote for a larger base. Broadly speaking, so that a salaried salaried salaried salary is 1,600 euros, its contribution base must be about 2,000 euros. On the other hand, the autonomous electrician who works only from our example that receives the same net salary of 1,600 euros, will have a monthly fee of about 300 euros, but Your contribution base It will be about 960.78 euros. That implies that both charge similar wages, but the autonomous quotes for a much lower contribution base. Quotation sections and its minimum and maximum bases. THE PROBLEM: Most quote the minimum base. According to the Ministry statistics, of the 3,436,929 freelancers that exist in Spain, 2,858,865 are quoted for the minimum base for their net income or by 1.5 of the minimum base. Only 72,935 would be quoting for a base near what an salaried worker would have, which would be something close to 3 times or more than the minimum base. Returning to the example of our autonomous electrician with a net profit of 1,600 euros, it would be limited to a maximum price of 1,700 euros, which would mean an increase in its monthly fee to about 534 euros. The self -employed do not pay more quotation. In a first glance it may seem that an autonomous has a greater economic pressure than a wage earner. However, both contributions are close to 30% of the contribution base (it is an approximate percentage since it varies depending on the type of contract, sector, etc.). The main difference is that, as can be seen in the quotation box above, in the case of the wage earner the company assumes a higher percentage than the wage earner (although all part of the Gross Employee salary), while the autonomous is a company and employee in turn, which is perceived a greater impact on the relationship between net benefit and contribution base. How to save that gap. Since the totality of the quota of the contribution falls on the autonomous, to excessively elevate the monthly fee (and therefore its contribution base) to collect a retirement pension near a wage earner it is a great considerable economic effort. So it is best to increase the price base progressively as it is approaching The retirement ageto quote for the largest possible base in recent years to raise the amount of the pension. The amount of the final pension is calculated on the contribution basis of the last 25 years quoted (300 months) and, if the base has always been low, the resulting benefit is insufficient compared to employees, which are quoted according to their real salary. Therefore, in more than 60% of the Spanish provinces, the Medium Retirement Pension Of the self -employed barely exceeds 1,008 euros per month and in no community the autonomous retirement pension is equal to the minimum interprofessional salary in 2025. In Xataka | Germany has had an idea to retire does not become urban legend: pension plans for six -year -old children Image | Unspash (Matt Bennett)

Every time someone tells me that his mobile is slow, I know where to look: the “paper” of WhatsApp

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WhatsApp’s storage is something problematic for a long time. So much that, over time, those responsible have had to develop different forms of release conversations spacevideos, photos and audios on our smartphones. Today they are enormous help, because I have proven that unless we install giant games or we love to carry a good videos library in 4K, the greatest enemy of our mobile is the WhatsApp download folder. Every time someone tells me that his mobile is slower, the first thing I do is look at how much free space he has. And bingo: WhatsApp is usually The biggest glutton in iOS and Android. WhatsApp tricks and tips to hide you to the fullest and maintain your privacy WhatsApp vs Storage, a not solved historical conflict. WhatsApp problems with the space occupied by their files come from the time when the iPhone had 8 GB and it was normal for Android to use internal storage and microSD cards. “That is the solution, more storage,” we thought. But no, unlike Companies like Samsung and its ‘hacks’WhatsApp never allowed their files to move to secondary memory, so releasing memory was generally deleting files or moving them. In the latter case, however, they stopped appearing linked to our conversations. That storage devourer called WhatsApp. A full mobile, a slow mobile. As the storage is filled, the performance of a low device. It is so in telephony, in tablets, in classical computer science or on televisions. An operating system and its applications need a minimum space to execute reading and writing operations. When the storage is almost full, modern systems try to release space by erasing caches and other temporal files, but where there is not, it cannot be taken out. In computers it was also important to have free space for the use of virtual memory, but with the Virtual RAM extension which include many manufacturers, the problem is also aggravated in mobiles. The recommendation: Disable this function That neither Google itself advises to use, because it wears the memory. In 2025 there are good solutions. Unlike what happened in its beginnings, today WhatsApp does have Good solutions to free space. Before looking at a capture like the superior, it meant frustrating and deleting video by video, photo by photo. Today, after detecting that a mobile is so full, the first thing I do and advise is, inside WhatsApp, go to ‘Settings – Storage and Data – Storage Administration’. Once we have selected the files to erase, the right appears down to the right. There we will find ourselves A complete menu where the application informs us how much space is occupying and how it distributes it. First, it shows, without ordering, files of more than 5 GB. Entering is a great filter to find some large attachment that will quickly help free space. It is also very useful the ‘forwarded of many times’ section, as it is very common for us to get the same video forwarded from different groups, and WhatsApp duplicates them. If we scroll, we will reach the space occupied by the conversations of our individual groups, chats or channels. By selecting each of them, we will see which files occupy more by order, and we can make a quick selection and delete, from the paper icon to which the red arrow of the upper image points. Get to reach this point. Deciding what to delete can be exhausting, no matter how easy the WhatsApp assistant is given to us. So it is best to avoid a situation in which WhatsApp ‘eats’ 32 GB, as in catches. How to achieve it? WhatsApp itself gives us the advice: ‘Activates temporary messages’. If we do it in our groups or chats, the messages will be deleted after 24 hours, 7 or 90 days, according to us. The occupied space will also be released after that time. If we want everything to still not be deleted automatically, but we want to better manage space, in ‘storage and data’ we can also Disable file automatic downloadchoosing according to file type if we want nothing to be downloaded automatically (which would be the ideal option for WhatsApps full of photos of groups that we do not consult), or only in Wi -Fi or Wi -Fi and mobile data. In ‘Settings – Storage and Data – Automatic file download’ we find the option to choose which files we want to be downloaded automatically. If we select ‘never’ we will totally control what our space is invaded and what not. On the iPhone, personally, too unleash the option ‘Save in photos’ that we find in ‘adjustments – chats’. I do it because that function makes all WhatsApp photos also go to the reel of iOS, which doubles them without any use for me. Other people, yes, choose to activate it for backup apps such as Icloud or Google Photos keep everything in the cloud. This WhatsApp option in iOS avoids duplicate files on the reel. If the deactive, the photos will continue to be on WhatsApp equally. More radical solutions. That WhatsApp storage can become a problem is not something invented. Personally, I have come to deal with mobiles that had 70 GB occupied by WhatsApp. When he has come to occupy so much, and we do not mean goodbye to everything, there is a magnificent more radical option such as ‘Export Chat’, which generates, if we want, a file compressed with all our conversation (in flat text) and all our files. In each of our conversations and chats we can export the historical content, choosing to save files or only the text. The pity is that there is no import option. It works very fast, so in seconds we can have the file in our memory, ready to be sent to a PC where we can have all the text, audios, videos and other files in the group. The background problem. WhatsApp is eaten a lot of storage, it’s true. But the real … Read more

The data suggests that Germany works less hours than Spain. The reality of your labor market tells another story

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The reduction of working hours and how to face it is an issue on the debate table in a good part of the world. In Spain, the reduction of working hours is in Parliamentary Processing Phase and it is expected that at the end of the year a working day of 37.5 hours per week will be carried out. Countries like Germany, United Kingdom or Portugal have performed pilot tests of the four -day work week to evaluate The effect of that reduction. However, why is the reduction of working on if, according to 2023 data of Eurostat, in Spain the Real workday Average is already 36.4 hours a week, while in Germany is 34 hours a week? The key after that figure is in the quality of the employment of each country and reveals that, even if it may seem, a worker in Germany does not work less hours than in Spain. The middle days. In response to Eurostat data, indeed, the days in Germany seem to be shorter than in Spain, with 36.4 hours a week in front of the 34 hours of Germany. However, if we segment that data by type of day, the expected thing would be for working hours to maintain the same proportion. Nothing is further from reality. By differentiating the Eurostat data Between full time and part -time day we find that the average number of usual weekly hours in the main employment in full -time is 40.2 hours a week in both Spain and Germany. Something similar happens when differentiating the part -time Where Spain leaves an average of 20.3 hours a week, while on average part -time workers in Germany do 21.8 hours. So, if the days of Spain and Germany are not so different, why is there such a remarkable difference in the average? The key is in the quality of the labor market. Precariousness. According to him Press report Prepared by an expert council appointed by the Ministry of Labor and Social Economy in 2022, 42% of workers in Spain suffer some kind of precariousness (Submployment, temporary contracts, low wages, etc.). Despite that, after the 2022 labor reform, it changed The contract model expanding the use of the contract full -time indefinite. According to the 2023 INE data13.3% of the workforce in Spain worked part -time. That is, the data indicate That in that year, 15,454,000 employees worked full -time, while 2,580,900 did it part -time in Spain. Instead, the German labor market is much more fragmented in that aspect. In 2023, 31% of this country’s workers worked part -time, According to data of the Federal Statistics Office. This difference in full -time employment and part -time contracts makes a big difference in the calculation of the final average of weekly hours worked, since both variables are taken into account. Active retirement. To this is added the enormous success in Germany of the model of “Minijobs“, in which workers complement studies or retirement with part -time jobs for a few hours a week. official dataaround 13% of retirees between 65 and 74 years in Germany, they continue working, either out of economic necessity or by personal choice. On the other hand, in Spain that percentage drops to 4.08% of the retirees who choose to continue working with some or none modification in your workday. Average working life in Europe. Source: Eurostat That makes, according to Eurostat dataGermany’s working life is 39.6 years, while in Spain it is 36.3 years on average. That is, a good part of German workers work less hours a week in part -time jobs, but they do it for more years than Spanish workers. In Xataka | Some researchers have analyzed the working day in Spain: the same thing that 40 years ago is worked, but in worse jobs Image | Eurostat

How to unlock ancient iPhone when they are deactivated and tells you to try again in years

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Let’s explain How to unlock the old iPhone They have operating system versions prior to iOS 17. From that version you can configure the iPhone so that if you put the security code bad many times you can restore it or the iPhone is reset. But with the previous versions that does not happen. In versions prior to iOS 17, if you make many mistakes with the security code the iPhone is blocked for several minutes, or even hours. And in some extreme cases, for many years. That is why we are going to tell you the alternative you have if it has happened to you on an ancient iPhone with a system before iOS 17. I already warn that it is not a perfect solution, since requires restoring the iPhone. This means that you will lose all the data in it if you did not make a backup before it was blocked. But well, at least you can use it again. Recover an iPhone blocked for years When you have an iPhone blocked completely and extremely, with a message telling you that you have to wait several years to recover it, the only easy way to recover it is Restore it completely on your ownlosing all the data that is not in a backup. For that, you will need to have a mac with macOS 10.15 Catalina or posterior and the Finder tool. If your MAC has macOS 10.14 MOJAVE or a lower version, you need to have itunes installed. You can also do it with Windowsas long as you lower the application Apple devices. Now, you have to Force the restart of your iPhonewhat is known as a hard reset. To do so, press and release the volume up button and then lower it, then hold the ignition button until the off option appears. If your iPhone has an Home buttonthen just hold the ignition button until the screen shows you the option to pay. Now, connect the iPhone to your computer with a cable. In doing so, open the application Finder, iTunes either Apple devices Depending on the computer you have as we explain at the beginning. When you access the screen, click on the iPhone icon on the list of locations. This will take you to your iPhone’s options, and you must click on Restore To do it on the device. This will begin the process of restoring the iPhone, format it to delete all data and reinstall iOS to stay as if you just bought it. It is possible that in the process you ask you to write the iPhone security code, but if you do not remember you can use other methods such as the password of your Apple account.

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