Spain

Mediterranean waters are so hot that Spain will suffer the consequences again: more hail

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Heat is one of the great protagonists of this advanced start of summer, but a tough competition has come out thanks to the periodic storms that continue to condition the peninsular meteorology: hail. A week ago The storms surprised with huge balls, and it seems aimed at repeating the story. A complex panorama. Summer began with an alternation between warm episodes and atmospheric instability that has given way to An even more complex situation. A “all at once” that may seem disconcerting, but that could actually make quite sense because of some atmospheric dynamics. Looking at the Mediterranean. A few days ago We pointed out that the Mediterraneanand more specifically the Western Mediterranean, was at a remarkably higher temperature than what would be normal on these dates. Something that can condition the meteorology on the mainland. Today The predictions They continue to warn of an important risk storms in areas of the west peninsular, especially inside the Valencian Community. As some experts point out, both facts may be more related to what it seems. From heat to hail. The precedent can be found in the tanizades of the summer of 2022 (some hailstorms who came to leave a deadly victim), Explain in Twitter The physicist and disseminator German JJ. The German himself was a member of the team that last year published An article In the magazine Geophysical Research Letters in which he analyzed the 2022 event and the link between the surface temperature of the Mediterranean and the hailstorms. The study showed that the appearance of Supercells It was the result of the influence of an “unprecedented” amount of available connective energy. “The intensity of the storm was influenced by the abundant atmospheric energy and the humidity of the warm sea (…). When we exclude the warm sea factor of the simulations, the hail was made smaller,” explained the team in its study. Probable, not sure. The study was the result of many months of analysis focused on the particular case of 2022. A similar effort would be necessary to confirm the relationship between the present situation of the Mediterranean and the storms we are seeing these days. “An extremely warm sea does not directly explain very virulent storms. What it does is to enhance that, under favorable atmospheric conditions, they acquire a more aggressive behavior, giving extra and quality energy,” He clarified German. Where, how and when? Faced with such a convulsa situation, the State Meteorology Agency (Aemet) Maintain various notices For adverse phenomena: while in the west peninsular the predominate notices will be due to high temperatures, in the east it is the notices for rain and storms that colors the map. Today’s list of notices includes several areas in orange notice by high temperatures, which will be concentrated in the Guadalquivir Valley and surrounding areas: from the Sevillian countryside to the Cazorla region and the safe one the maximums could reach 40º. In Xataka | We do not know anything about El Niño at this point of the year. That is a meteorological mystery … and good news Image | ECMWF / David Trinks

In 2007 Spain forced men to take longer casualties to take care of their children. Act then fertility fell

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Throughout the last two decades Spain has taken several steps to extend the casualties by paternity among men. Gave one key in 2007another followed that extended its reach In 2017 and Four years ago He advanced again in that same direction to match the permits enjoyed by the women and men who have just had a baby. But … how do these casualties influence birth? Are they harmless? Do they accelerate it? Do they slow down? And if so, what is the reason? Now we have Some keys. Question of Paternity and Birth Low. A few years ago the researchers Farré Lídia and Libertad González They asked themselves an interesting question, especially for governments (more and more) that they are fighting against birth crises and seek greater equality in homes: how do the casualties affect paternity to fertility? Do they influence the probability that a couple has more children in the short term? And if so, in what sense? To respond to these issues, they analyzed the birth data published by the INE between 2005 and 2013 and were set at a specific date: March 2007, which was when it was approved The legislative change which allowed men to take paternity permits of 13 days, expandable to 15 in cases of multiple births. Until then only parents were allowed to absent A couple of days. Since then the regulatory framework It has varied quite considerably, first with a change that expanded the casualties In 2017 And then, four years ago, with another for match the permits of mothers and fathers. Even so, what happened 2007 continues to offer a valuable opportunity to assess the impact of the casualties. And what did they discover? Farré and González captured their conclusions in An academic article Posted in 2019 in Journal of Public Economicsa piece that suggests that the two -week paternity decline released in 2007 had several effects on the Spanish society of the following years. Some expected. Others, not so much. Among the latter the most curious is that these permits delayed the subsequent fertility of couples. That is, the parents who took the decline took longer to have other offspring than those who had no permits. A key horizon: six years. “We show that the introduction of two weeks of paid permission paid in Spain in 2007 led to an increase in the spacing of births, which may have led to a lower number of subsequent births between older couples”, summary Farré and González in Your article. “We discovered that the parents who were entitled to the new paternity permission when they had a child in 2007 took longer to have another compared to those who did not have that right. We also show that the couples with permission were less likely to have another child the six years of age following the application of the reform.” And what are the causes? The million dollar question. In Your articlethe researchers slide some keys. One is the effect that the new paternity casualties have in the distribution of domestic tasks (including parenting) and how that is reflected at work level. As Farré and González explain, despite the fact that women’s opportunities have been improving in recent decades, they “continue to spend more time to unpaid and care work than men.” When that cast is balanced thanks to permits, women can devote more time to paid jobs and boost their careers. And how does that influence fertility? For women it is a greater resignation to have more children. “The greatest participation of parents in children’s care could have improved the labor insertion of mothers, as reflected in their highest employment rates after childbirth, which could have increased the opportunity cost of having an additional child,” Clarifies the study. To this is added that the more parents are involved in lower upbringing are the differences between men and women in the eyes of an entrepreneur. THE OTHER GREAT KEY: PATERNITY. During their study the researchers appreciated another factor: after the 2007 reform the men simply seemed less interested in expanding the family with more children, at least in the short term. “The men reported a lower fertility after the reform, which could be due to the fact that the period of decline aware of the total cost of having children,” collect the study. “Spending more time with your children could have modified their preferences in favor of quality (instead of quantity).” Does it affect insertion? “The men who have benefited from the new paternity decline are less will summarize The UB, to which Farré is linked. The report leaves another interesting idea: although the rate of use of paternity decline was high, it does not seem to have affected men at work level. In what the casualties have influenced is in the involvement of men in child care, increasing the time they dedicate to parenting, and the labor perspectives of women. “Mothers presented higher employment rates six months after childbirth and were prone to request a family leave.” Does inequality influence? Although it is based on data several years ago and focuses on the specific case of Spain, the study is interesting because, their authors remember, the effects they observe on fertility could “generalize” other countries in the south and east of Europe in which women carry much of the responsibilities of the home. In the case of Spain, The report recalls that until 2007 men barely resorted to parental permission and imbalance in the distribution of domestic tasks and the raising of children was very accentuated: at least between 2002 and 2003, they dedicated 4.2 hours a day to home work and child care, more than triple than they, who barely invested 1.3 h. “These characteristics could have contributed to the introduction of the paternity license to be more effective, increasing the child care time of the parents and the linking of women to the workforce, perhaps with the side effect of reducing the desired fertility of men in relation to … Read more

In Spain a book is published every six minutes. It is the symptom of a bubble that does not stop inflating

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When talking about the health of the editorial industry in Spain, publication figures are usually used to justify the good condition that the book business lives. However, rapid accounts lead to thinking perhaps just the opposite: excess launches may be hypertrophy the bookstores, which are suffocated by a series of very uninjury side effects. How much is published? The Latest public data from the Ministry of Culture They speak of 92,000 books a year with ISBN, that is, more than 250 books a day. Every minute, six books. And that telling only the launches with legal deposit, that is, we do not count the self -edge (last year, it was around the three newspapers … By author) For platforms as widespread as Amazon. That do not count as part of the editorial cake but add thousands of potential titles per month to the mountain of slopes of the troubled readers. Success is what is sought. Why so much novelty? There are a number of reasons that make up a very complex ecosystem to explain this production overdose. On the one hand, it is an editorial strategy for compensate for the fall in sales by book: except Bestsellers And specific successes, the books sell less, the runs are lower and the publishers multiply their offer to cushion it. From there comes a constant publication and search of that new success that supplies the previous one. The fact that Increase global income Although the runs fall, it is proof that The strategy works. Oihan Iturbide, former Editor, counted in the jump that “the editorial industry looks more like a fast food chain than a restaurant with a good homemade menu: the key is in volume, not in quality.” Many are. On the other hand, there is the proliferation of new publishers: In 2024Spain had approximately 3,160 active publishers. It does not imply a very notable change with respect to previous years (comparable to 2016, and notoriously less than 3,564 of 2009, year with Spain in a very different economic context). Of these, only about 2,000 publishers launch more than 10 titles per year, and only 13 exceed 700 annual titles. Is it a note of diversity and vitality of the sector? Yes. But also of the enormous contrast between the large Spanish editorial groups (Planet and Penguin Random House, more Santillana in the educational field) and the rest: According to the Federation of the Editors Guildthree out of four books come from these groups. The distribution fish. This overproduction atmosphere (Rubén Hernández, by Errata Naturae, Talk about those 92,000 books per year “One third is returned to the darkness of the stores and is probably guillotine”) is contaminated with the complex distribution system in Spain. This is also Hernández: “The publisher publishes with a price (…) of 10 euros and it is sent to the distributor. The bookseller buys it with a discount close to 35%, from which he obtains his benefit, and pays 6.5 euros to the distributor, which stays 2 euros and pays the remaining 4.5 euros, that he does not pay him, but offers him a loan. “ The snowball continues to grow: “In turn, the distributor claims to the editor of his 4.5 euros, which he does not pay him, so he contracts a debt. And to reimburse it, the editor has no choice but to invest the 4.5 euros he has won (but he must) in another book that, after arriving at the bookseller, activates his credit, while the distributor enters another 2 euros. Book, the editor and the bookseller receive debts or credits. A vitiated system very similar to a bubble that continues to grow without brake. Are all bad news? No: the evidence that it is published too much allows publishers to realize that The situation can become unsustainable. Possible solutions to Very vicious system of returns in bookstores. The excess of supply is not bad in itself, unless it leads to overproduction and atibor the system until it is bursting. It is obvious that six books per minute are too many, but … who is the first to start with the cuts? Header | Photo of Pierre Bamin in Unspash In Xataka | Adult books are therapeutic. But behind there is a framework of demands, plagiarism and complaints

Spain has presumed for decades of consuming more fish than anyone in Europe. Now that has entered into crisis

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Spain is surrounded by almost 8,000 kilometers of coast, it has a profuse cuisine in dishes based on fish and maricos and its fishing sector generates every year tens of thousands of jobs and billions of euros. Not to count on how weird the town (at least in the coastal areas) that does not have a market in which to buy a hake, a golden, trout, mussels or a good fresh lubina. Despite all that, Spain is less and less a country of fish. Its weight on the refrigerators is descending. A lot. And for a long time. A percentage: -4.3%. He last report of the government about fish consumption does not leave good news. In March we Spaniards have bought 2.9% less than during the same month last year, a bad fact that really hides another worst: what has “punctured” really is the consumption of fresh fishing, which has fallen 4.9%. In fact, that percentage has been softened in part due to an increase in frozen fish, which has grown around 4%. The thing does not improve when we expand the focus. If we analyze The last mobile year (from April 2024 to March 2025) The consumption of marine products in general has fallen 2.7% and that of fish in particular 4.3%. The behavior of frozen products during that period was somewhat better than that of fresh merchandise, but still both have lost weight in purchase baskets. The protagonists: cod and gold. The report allows you to go further and take a look at how the different products have responded throughout the last year. And there are some that go particularly poorly stopped. Golden purchases have collapsed 23.5% and mackerel and cod around 21%. In general it has also been a bad year for seafood, molluscs and frozen and fresh crustaceans, although more cooked varieties have been bought. “They click” the preserves and win other products, such as salmon or smoked trout. One question: Is it a punctual fall? No. And that is the big problem. The sector It takes time Seeing how fish consumption falls, which has already taken him to claim to institutions measured to reverse that trend. Under the “fishing products” label enters a range of foods that range from fresh or frozen fish to the seafood or preserves and not all evolve the same, but statistics show that, together, consumption is going back. According to government data, in 2003 the per capita consumption of products related to fishing touched the 27.8 kilos per year And in 2009 he even reached stroke the 30 kg. In 2013 that same data was already in 27.2 kgbefore the pandemic had fallen to 22.5 kgin 2023 marked 18.9 And last year that same average had descended to 17.9. Now the last map report with the March values ​​lead to think that the trend will remain this exercise. A figure: 19 million. Those of the Ministry are not the only data that account for the fall in fish consumption in Spain. In October the statista portal published Another report which reflects the same trend from a somewhat different perspective: that of tons of fish consumed in the whole country. Its tables reflect that if in 2023 consumption amounted to 887.4 million kilos, last year that data had already descended until it was 868.3, which reflects a fall of 19 million In just one year. The consumption curve has been descending since 2009, with a slight rebound in 2020, coinciding with the pandemic. The great unknown: Why do you go down? The million dollar question. And it does not have a simple answer. One of the possible keys is the price. The statistics Officers also show that, on average and in general terms, fresh fish comes out more expensive than meat of the same type. The latest map report also reflects that throughout the last year, between April 2024 and March, the average price of fish -related products had increased 3.5%. The technicians of calculating that in March fresh fish increased 4.9% compared to 2024. Another key: education. Fish is not, however, the only thing that has become more expensive. In recent years he has also done it (and sometimes clearly) The meat. Hence, when explaining the trend It is indicated Often other factors, such as changes in consumption habits, a certain ignorance of the product, the search for more comfortable options or the loss of habit, especially among the youngest, to go to the markets to buy fish. A report On the subject elaborated a few years ago by the Ministry and AECOC in fact identifies four profiles of young people in front of the fish: that of those who reject it flat, who are inclined to other options such as meat, a more “pragmatic” profile that is not willing to invest the time it requires buying and cooking fish and the “distrustful”, with doubts about the origin or conservation. A notice: “It is essential”. With that backdrop a long time ago that the fishing employer demands to institutions that promote fish consumption. In 2023 the Secretary General of Cepesca insisted that it is “essential” to promote healthy eating and support sea food. “We still do not understand why the consumption of fishing products with VAT reduction,” I cried. In his favor the guild has the advice of the health experts, which They advise Eat between three and four rations every week. Images | Grupo Eroski S.Coop (Flickr) and Doğan Alpaslan Demi̇r (Unspash) In Xataka | There is so many demand for fish in China that has opted for drastic measures: two “aircraft carrier” as a hatchery

And it is something that has serious consequences in Spain

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In just three weeks we have seen several warm episodes and what is more, some experts already foresee the arrival of the first heat wave of the year. However, these temperatures that await us are not the only heat that Meteorologists interest. And there are good reasons behind. A very hot Mediterranean. The Mediterranean Sea is reaching temperatures that we had not seen in at least four years and considerably higher than what would correspond during these days of the year. The Data offered by SOCIB (Observation and coastal prediction system of the Balearic Islands) indicate that the temperature is above not only the average of the temperatures observed at this time in the period 1982-2015, it would also be above the 90th percentile of the observations and the data recorded in recent years. According to the socib data compiled on June 12, on average, the surface of the sea presents a thermal anomaly of 2.26º Celsius above what on average would be at this time during. Different areas, a similar story. The situation is especially striking in the Western Mediterranean, where thermal anomaly reaches 2.65º. In the surroundings of the Balearic Islands the sea surface is located at an average of 3º above the average, with the waters of the National Park of the Cabrera archipelago registering an anomaly of 3.18º. Although in the Eastern Mediterranean the thermal anomaly is lower in absolute terms (1.9º), it also exceeds the 90th percentile of the data compiled at these dates between 1982 and 2015. Something similar occurs in the sea of ​​Alborán, one of the few areas of the Western Mediterranean than with a lower growth than 2º (1.64º specifically), but also above the percentile. What is happening? According to Explain the meteorologist Duncan Wingen in Meteoredthere are three factors that have taken us here. In the first place, the absence of winding wind, a “natural refrigerator” that cool the sea facilitating the evaporation of surface water and the outcrop of the coldest and most deep waters. Second, the stability caused by subtropical anticyclones that have dragged warm air masses and left clear skies. Finally, it should also be taken into account where we came from: according to the Socib datain recent years the surface temperature of the Mediterranean has been almost constantly above the average. In fact, the last time temperatures were seen below this average was in April 2022. The forecasts. The situation seems to change, at least not better. According to the models From the European Center for Middle Term Meteorological forecasts (ECMWF), towards next Wednesday, a part of the central Mediterranean near Naples could show thermal anomalies between 4.5º and 5º. A significant part of the Central Mediterranean and the Alborán Sea for their part could show anomalies above 3.5º. The forecasts still get worse if we advance until Monday 23: ECMWF models calculate that broad areas of the Western Mediterranean could present thermal anomalies of between 5th and 5.5º. Towards that weekend the bulk of thermal anomaly could move to the east. It could be then when normality would return to the Western Mediterranean, even with a slight cold anomaly in areas near the coast. It should be noted that these are medium -term forecasts so uncertainty must be considered. Why does the Mediterranean matter so much. The question of why meteorologists are interested so much for the temperature on the high seas has to do with the fact that it affects what happens on the mainland. High maritime temperatures make warm and humid air rise in the atmosphere. This favors the appearance of storms with greater destructive capacity. Surely the best example of this we will find the hurricanes but the Mediterranean also has examples Beyond the appearance of hypothetics Medicanes o Mediterranean hurricanes: Danas or “cold drop” are examples of the virulence that storms can reach in the Mediterranean basin. In Xataka | It never rains to everyone’s taste: we have just discovered that rainfall has wreaked havoc on the Galician octopus Image | ECMWF / Florian Osmers

Jaén conquered Spain for its olive oil. Now he has conquered Europe with his drones

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Jaén has achieved a New milestone related to drone flight at European level. For the first time in Europe, a control transfer operation (Handover) has been carried out in full flight without interruptions in the link. The importance of the operation lies not only in crucial applications that have this type of flights for the transport of medical supplies in remote areas, but in how they have achieved it. What happened. In the Jiennense olive grove, between Beas de Segura and Villacarrillo, its Atlas Alpha and Atlas Bravo centers have carried out successfully The first European drone control transfer operation. Those responsible for the project describe a flight in which a protagonist has participated a UAS Tarsis (non -manned fixed -wing system) of 75 kilos, accompanied by two multi -pile drones and three Spanish flight teams, in collaboration with the University of Seville. The goal? Show the viability of unmanned air systems in transport of health material in remote or difficult access areas. But the key is not in the objective of use, it is on the flight itself. Why is it important. It is the first time in Europe that an operation of this draft is performed. Until now, it had never been possible to transfer the full flight control of a fixed wing drone with these dimensions between two stations separated by 23km. This flight represents an important advance in the future of drug transport in remote areas and a break between the barriers of distance: the limitations cease to be a problem if the transfer of the drone is successful. Why is it so difficult. Dron’s operations are limited by their radius of scope: If the aircraft moves away from its control stationGoodbye flight. Hence the importance of achieving a real -time control transfer and without interruptions. But this goes beyond the technical side. The milestone here is not the distance, it is the relay. The “Handover” is not just a transfer of flight mechanics, it is a transfer of legal and operational responsibility. This project shows that, in the future, a drone managed by a company A can go through space and transfer flight responsibility to a company B. The U-Space. To make this transfer possible, the European Union has a set of services and procedures framed within what it calls U-spaceits traffic management system for drones. When operating under this framework, each operator must register their drone, present their flight plan and obtain real-time digital authorization through the U-Space system, under the supervision of the common information provider (CISP), in this case the Spanish ENAIRE. This flight was not a simulation, but a real test with multiple actors of how it is possible to coordinate a control transfer operation under an U-SPAC infrastructure. It shows that it is viable to climb this model to other missions with low altitude drones, from health logistics to surveillance, agriculture or emergencies. Europe had not achieved it. Jaén has been the first to achieve it, although in Europe efforts are being focused to minimize reach losses on long distance flights. Galicia has designed U-Space cells in the ports of A Coruña and Malpica To connect two points in the same management and Valencia space too Drones for logistics operations in its ports. The Jiennense project will not be the only one. This is a project at European level, and it is planned to develop throughout eight Spanish autonomous communities: Andalusia, Aragon, Canary Islands, Catalonia, Valencian Community, Galicia, Madrid and Navarra. Image | ENAIRE In Xataka | China conquered us with its cheap drones. Now the price of its pieces is shooting for a reason that is not accidental

Chery believes that China can get the same quality as Europeans in half of time. And in Spain it is working

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Speed ​​and adaptability. Those are two of the pillars on which Chery’s strategy is based on Europe. The company has broken into the Spanish market with force despite having a handful of models distributed among three different companies. Lilian Xiong, Vice President of Chery, explains why these Chinese brands have managed to advance so fast. “We need three or four years”. That is time, according to Xiong, those who need to build a car like omoda 9 “since we design the initial concept until we have the model.” Words pick them up Business Insider in an interview with the board. In it, he explains that his ability to adapt and speed are two of the great differences that exist with Europeans. And, in fact, The round trip between Europe and China It is a good example of how this is happening. While in Europe, Chinese cars do not stop gaining land, in China the western ones lose it by Not knowing how to adapt to the tastes of the local market. We know what they are talking about. As we explain when Xiaomi presented its novel interior For the Xiaomi Yu7, in Xataka We have had the opportunity to know the speed with which Chinese brands work. In informal talks, workers of these companies have explained that the proposals that in European groups would extend for years here apply it in a few months. We know that some cars have arrived in versions of preiest very little adjusted to what the Spanish public claims and shortly after they have presented themselves to the press and have put themselves in the concessionaires with the suspension and the refined direction. Components have even changed in the vehicle itself. Adaptation. That ability to adapt is another of the great advantages that Chinese cars are offering. Chery cars (omoda, Jaecoo and Ebro) are being refined in Europe to adapt to what the European public expects. Xiong points out that for that, its Barcelona plant is key since they did a previous job before confirming the landing. But not just them, Leapmotor is refining her cars in BaloccoAlfa Romeo’s house, to put cars that do not small suspensions and extraordinarily soft directions, as is the case in China. Also byd has proposed to do the same using Your Hungary plant and the new departments that Xpeng is opening in Germany They also point to that address. The software. Another key piece to attract the public is that cars begin to be defined by the software and not so much for the hardware. “Before producing a car was based on the assembly of pieces. Now they are much more important elements such as software, which will mark a great change in industry,” says Xiong in the interview. This, in a market where the car has increased and interior materials are no longer as luxurious as before, it is key. You just have to get on board the Omoda 5 To verify that the quality of its camera is much better than that of European rivals despite having a lower cost. Or what OMODA 9 equipment is very wide (Electric seats, heated and ventilated with massage, speakers integrated in the headrests, 14 speakers Sony equipment …) offering better impression than most of its rivals. It shows in the price. That approach of focusing on the software and not so much on the hardware, understood as the body and the vehicle’s chassis, is not unique to Chery. Specialists in riding and disassembling cars They already alerted Toyota a few months ago that his way of working was becoming obsolete. The problem is that the Japanese had taken an extreme care in Perfect even the unspeakable carspaying maximum attention to every detail. However, Byd or Tesla saved many pieces, kilos and money in their vehicles because they use greater number of plastic components instead of heavy metals. Without vibrations of the combustion engine, the dashboard parts were subjected to less stress. And also in time. All this allows them to reduce the price and increase the profit margin thanks to a less complex and faster production. Focusing “what is seen” more than in the bowels of the vehicle is a decision that is conquering the public. In what we have been, the Chery group has enrolled in Spain more than 11,000 cars, which places them at the same level as Opel and begin to approach Ford or Citroën. However, all of the above are marks settled while Omoda arrived with 2024 already startedJaecoo did not do the same until second half of the year and Ebro only has a handful of months Selling their cars in our country. And, above all, they have managed to add more than 11,000 registrations between January and May despite the fact that until the arrival of omoda 9 and the Ebro S800 They had more than three cars in the market (one for each of them) and they are still a newcomer company. So newcomer that, in fact, omoda is only three years behind. Photo | Omoda In Xataka | Family and friends keep asking me if “it is worth buying a Chinese car.” This is my answer

France and Spain wanted to ban social networks to children under 15. The European Union has stopped their feet

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France threatened yesterday with prohibiting access to social networks to those under 15 years If the EU did not rule on a community policy that unified the criterion for all the countries of the Union. Brussels’s response to this demand has been equally overwhelming. Each country is a world. Brussels He ruled out Wednesday The possibility of establishing a minimum community age to access social networks. There was a proposal led by Greece, France and Spain to establish it in 15 years, but those responsible for the European Union have it clear: there will not be a unique criterion, and each country must establish their own. Of community prohibition, nothing. Thomas Regnier, spokesman for technological sovereignty of the Community Executive, He indicated yesterday In the daily press conference that although they took note of the announcement of Emmanuel Macron, “a prohibition of social networks at European level is not something that the commission is promoting. This is prerogative of the Member States.” The tragedy. The Macron statements And his attempt to accelerate the implementation of a community access to social networks It comes from afar. However, that debate was urgently reactivated After the tragedy occurred on Tuesday at a Nogent school, in the Haute-Marne region. There a 14 -year -old student was arrested after killing a 31 -year -old watchman who performed routine backpacks. There is no evidence that this attack occurred for something that the adolescent saw on social networks. The community proposal does not advance. Several European Union countries They have been maintaining a debate on whether a minimum age must be established at the community level to access social networks. The initiative was led by Greece, France and Spain, but Italy, Denmark, Croatia, Slovakia and the Netherlands also supported it. Precisely Spain and Slovakia were the ones that were most shown and proposed to establish that minimum age in 16 years, while France, Greece or Denmark proposed to establish it at 15. That proposal, however, has not advanced. The RGPD as an instrument. He General Data Protection Regulation (RGPD) already has article 8, which is specifically oriented to regulate the access of minors to “information society services”. According to said regulations“Member States may establish by law a lower age for such purposes, provided that this is not less than 13 years.” And the DSA prepares changes. The Digital Services Law is also preparing to establish regulation that affects minors. In fact, guidelines are prepared that theoretically will be published this summer and that will force the platforms – social funds among them – to protect the safety and privacy of minors. Private accounts, age verification. Among the measures that they must adopt is that the accounts of the minors are believed as private by default, in addition to the implementation of age verification measures. AGE VERIFICATION APP. As he points out The European Commission, in parallel to these guidelines, an age verification application is being developed that provides a solution until the European digital identity The EU is ready at the end of 2026. The technical specifications of said app are now available In Github. Image | Markus Spiske In Xataka | The Japanese are ceasing to consume paper pornography. And that has had a direct effect on its streets

In full birth crisis, the ice cream industry has found a new reef in Spain: dogs

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No, it’s not yours. For a long time in the parks of Spain (and in the streets, squares, shopping centers and thus a long etcetera of places) it is easier to find pets than with babies. Some calculations They point out that in our country there are already six companion animals for each child under four years. Hence the sector dedicated to your care be growing and tante new business roads, such as Cruises canines or the elaboration of ice cream and “Cafes” Suitable for dogs. In Barcelona there are already a few examples. Pet ice cream? That’s how it is. And we don’t talk about ice cream for pets suitable for pets, but ice cream specifically elaborated For dogs and cats, thinking about the foods that tolerate and advertise as such. One of the most recent examples leaves it Zampa Gelatothat He just launched In Barcelona Tarrinas that are announced with A slogan that leaves a few doubts about his approach: “The ice cream one hundred percent natural that makes your pet happy and veterinarian.” In its catalog it includes watermelon options and red fruits, apple, pear and kiwi or coconut, pineapple and banana, elaborate ice cream, says, based on pasteurized yogurt without lactose without lactose, lyophilized and mineral fruits. “It is not another product within a range, it is our specialization. Zampa Gelato focuses exclusively on developing healthy pets for pets,” They claim From the firm. Is it an isolated case? Not at all. The pet ice cream market is perhaps still far from the centered in humans, but there are more examples. Bibì e Bibò ice cream shops, with a presence in Madrid, have created a Special line “100% suitable for dogs” that elaborates, among other ingredientswith several fruits, ill -free yogurt without lactose and dispensing with added sugars. The newspaper of Catalonia Precise also that one of the partners who has embarked on the launch of Zampa in Barcelona is in turn part of the team behind Il Gelato Dell´amorea “Mixed ice cream shop” which boasts of having ice cream for both humans and their four -legged companions. They are just a couple of examples, but there is more. Now A couple years Barcelona’s Badiani ice cream shop also elaborated a GELATO For dogs. They called him Dog Gelato and in 2023 the magazine Elle I presented it as a sweet refreshing with 96.65% less lactose than the rest of its ice cream and basically made with whipped cream, egg yolk, plant fibers, water, fructose and whole milk and low dust in lactose. In 2024, to give him More visibilityBadiani launched a campaign that offered customers a portrait with their pets. But … why? Basically because there are interested owners and especially willing to pay for those services. “Given the growth and demand of premises Pet-Friendly We did a small market study, “said Nebot recently to The newspaper. “The acceptance by the clients was fulminant. The idea is to go out for something with your pet and that is not under the table sucking an ice or waiting for the last piece of cookie of your ice cream.” As a reference last year Il Gelato Dell´amore sold More than a thousand tarrines Canines in August. Are there only ice cream? No. ice cream are just one more example (perhaps the most summery) of the growing range of pet products and services. The list is wide and includes articles that we so far believed exclusive for humans, such as “coffees”, “cocktails”, “snacks” or even “champagne benjamines”. All this with proper quotes because these are products designed for dogs that play with recognizable formats in the market for their owners. The Ciudad Ciudad has just left another good example. Not long ago opened its doors there Voilà Concept Storean exclusive cafeteria for dogs and that includes in its letter “dogguccinos”, “dogtails”, meat lollipops, donuts (“Woof-Waffle”) or empanadillas and special cakes. The canine capuchino is made, for example, with cream without lactose and puppy milk and TOPPINGS They are used are pork, chicken or fish. In the establishment there are also pet accessories. What shows us? Beyond the concrete articles or businesses, the previous examples tell us about two clear trends: the changes of a society in which it is increasingly common to meet pets than with children and the business that is promoting. In February The country did A poll Between veterinarians and it came out that at the end of 2024 in Spain there were 1.6 million cats and 9.3 million dogs. A sum that far exceeds eight million minors. The first two are data that must be handled with some caution, but still give an idea of ​​the growing weight that pets have in the country’s homes. And it’s not something that happens Only in Spain. With that backdrop in recent years they have launched Nursery, Spas, hairdressers, Hotels And even Cruises For dogs. That impulse explains that in 2017 the pet care sector invoices in the EU 36.5 billion of euros, with clear forecasts Growth. Images | Callum Blacoe (UNSPLASH) and Christian Bowen (UNSPLASH) In Xataka | The broken bones of a dog from 16,000 years ago tell an important story: it was already our pet

How a decision in France and a connection in southern Spain caused the blackout

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Huenaja, a small Granada town of just 1,100 inhabitants and with more than 700 megawatts installed of solar energy, It was the zero zone of the blackout of April 28. In seven seconds, everything It was plunged into a total collapse. Now the expert committee of the European Network of Transmission Systems Operators (Entso-E) has identified Two questions. The investigation. For more than six weeks, this European agency has worked to find the causes of the blackout, apart from the Electricity of Spain and its Portuguese homologous, Ren. According to the reporthalf an hour before collapse, two episodes of power and frequency oscillations were recorded in the European continental network. The Iberian Peninsula, connected to the continent mainly through lines with France, began to lose synchronism. A new detail. The ETSO-E has pointed out that at 12:16 and 12:22, there was a change in interconnection with France: a system with dynamic control (hiking of direct current) was passed to a fixed export mode of 1,000 MW to the Gallic country. According to the experts consulted, this decision left the Spanish system without support for synchronous power, which reduced its margin of action before oscillations. As a piece of dominoes. Almost in parallel, Ree made an internal connection of lines in southern Spain, which, According to Entso-ewould have caused surge located in areas such as Huenaja (Granada), Valdecaballeros (Badajoz) and Don Rodrigo (Seville). Several electrical plants then activated their automatic protections, disconnecting to avoid damage. This further aggravated the tension in the network, triggering a chain reaction: generation falls, frequency loss and total disconnection of the Iberian system of the rest of Europe. Was any system activated? System defense plans, automatic mechanisms designed to stop these processes, were activated, according to has confirmed The report. However, they were not able to contain the fall due to the speed and intensity of the event. At 12:18:47, the interconnection lines between Spain and France were disconnected by protection against the loss of synchronism. At that moment, the peninsula was isolated and collapsed completely. A major debate. This crisis has uncovered a great conflict at the technical and political level, while responsibilities They pass like a hot potato. The debate is intensified around the backup systems and the penetration of renewable energy. On the one hand, nuclear plants They were criticized For disconnecting, but three were in scheduled stop, and the others operated normally until the system collapsed, activating protection protocols. On the other hand, the lack of inertia of the system has been stated again. Not synchronous renewable energies, such as solar and wind, They do not contribute inertia to the electrical systemwhich makes it difficult to stop sudden frequency falls. However, blaming renewables would be to simplify excessively. However, the technical report is clear: it was not exclusive fault of renewables, but a systemic failure, aggravated by operational decisions and structural limitations such as low international interconnection. An interconnection problem. The blackout has evidence They have demanded France that is committed to concrete deadlines and binding actions to advance in electrical interconnection corridors. What comes now. The Entso-E expert panel continues their research and have created A web page for this. Now they will meet on June 23 and will be delivered to the European Commission. Meanwhile, the event leaves an awkward lesson: in an increasingly renewable and decentralized electrical system, technical coordination, The operational resilience and cross -border planning They are more crucial than ever. Image | Unspash Xataka | Spain and Portugal are tired of promises: they ask France to leave the electric alley

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