Spain

It has become the cheapest entertainment platform in Spain

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Mercadona’s last viral is A bath gel that “Smells to gods”. Before it was A car corrector for the car made with hair lacquer. Last week, some margarita pizza flavor potatoes They “know the burning part.” Each product is a microhistory of discovery, a small corridor treasure that someone reveals in Tiktok like who finds gold in the river. The Valencian chain has transcended its original function: It is no longer just a supermarket, it is the cheapest entertainment platform in Spain. Contrary to what many believe (“Another undercover publication!”), The media publish all these news without Mercadona pay for a euro. Reality is more prosaic: Any article about a novelty in Mercadona generates a brutal traffic. And that’s why we see headlines like “Is razing for only 4 euros: madness in Mercadona for this popular product“Because many people arouse interest, therefore clicks, therefore gives pasta. It is the service journalism converted into dopamine machine, where the discovery of a product of 1.50 euros generates the same emotion that we reserved for real events. The editors know it, readers consume it, and Mercadona benefits without spending a euro on traditional advertising. The interesting thing is not that Carlos Ríos Analyz or that a car influencer use Deliplus lacquer to fix scratches. The thing is These contents work as small treasure search missions for a middle class which has normalized the hunting of gangs as a form of leisure. Going to Mercadona to look for “What I have seen on Tiktok” is the new hobby national, an Iberian version and Low-Cost of The culture of Unboxing. Each visit to the super promises the possibility of a viral finding, of being the first in your WhatsApp group to share the last rarity. It is the gamification of basic consumption: you have unlocked the Pizza, congratulations potatoes. Mercadona has created, surely without pretending, a perfect unpaid influencersystem. Current people who obsessively documented every novelty, every trick, every product “that nobody had seen so far.” They are a curious phenomenon of late capitalism, generating free content for a large company while they think they are doing a public service. In a way they are right. The nutritionist who classifies bread, the mechanic who finds alternative uses to lacquer, the Tiktoker who smells gels. Channels dedicated exclusively to Mercadona either that reserve a fixed section. Everyone works for free for Juan Roig while they are convinced that they are helping their followers. That this occurs in Spain in 2025, with Royal flat salaries for three decadesIt is no accident. We live in an era where real experiences are increasingly expensive and inaccessible, So we have democratized the emotion of discovery by reducing it to its minimum expression. We cannot afford Michelin star restaurants, but we can feel the emotion of discovering a strawberry ice cream “that is sweeping.” We do not travel as much as we would like, but we can experience the novelty by buying a gel that smells like expensive perfume. It is the distilled luxury experience in white marking products (Another phenomenon that defines us), Consumer Stockholm Syndrome that has learned to find joy in crumbs. Mercadona not only sells products: it also sells small doses of emotion at the balance price, and we have learned to need them as the one that needs your daily dose of Scroll infinite. Outstanding image | Mr. Ricochet In Xataka | Mercadona is more profitable than ever and is also closing stores for the first time in years. It is a calculated strategy

The renewables were supposed to lower the electricity bill in Spain. At the moment it continues to go up

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Before the blackout of April 28, the numbers in the production of solar energy reached amazing levels: Spain was 100% renewable. After the situation, Spain shines again exceeding 10,500 GWh of generation in July with solar and wind energy. However, not everything is good news because an energy paradox appears to solve: why has electricity not been cheaper? A green record that does not show in the pocket. According to provisional Red Electricity data (REE) published by the energy analyst Pedro Catuelin July more than 10,500 GWH per month were reached combining solar and wind generation. The graph disseminated by Catuel in its social networks makes it clear: Spain is producing more clean energy than ever. But while the sun shines and the wind blows, the cost of electricity rises again. In mid -July, the average price of light stood at € 164.06/MWh, According to Ree figures collected in Xataka. Getting down to € 102.85/MWh the day after that figure, but only for an hour was really affordable. And there is the paradox: with more renewable than ever, The price should lowerbut it doesn’t. If there are more renewable, why do we pay more? The answer is technical, structural and political at the same time. As we have already explained in Xatakaduring the noon – when the solar generation is maximum – there is a surplus of energy and the price collapses. However, when the sun falls and there is still demand, the system needs firm support. And that support today does not give the renewables: gas enters. And with him, the bill was the one who shot the price. To this time dependence is added another problem: the lack of storage. A good part of the renewable energy generated cannot be saved or transferred efficiently and ends up losing. Electric Red has confirmed that in some points of the network up to 30 % of the renewable generation due to infrastructure saturation has been wasted. And as if this were not enough, since January it has re -applied the complete VAT of 21 % to electricity, after years of reduced by the energy crisis. This, added to the increase in natural gas in international markets, has further increased the invoice, As the Nordy marketer has alerted in his analysis of the rise in light in 2025. There is a turn of events. It is true that VAT has risen and there is an obvious lack of storage. However, since July 15, Spain It has been three weeks without generating electricity from coal. It is the first time that happens in more than 140 years, where this source was also functioning as a support element. According to The Energy newspaper has detailedthe latest thermal plants – Boño, Soto de Ribera and Los Barrios, all of EDP – have been out of operation. Only Alcudia (in the Balearic Islands), as a timely reserve. Generation structure with/without CO2 eq emissions. (GWh) | Source: Red Electrica España So will prices go down? The intention is, but the execution encounters politics. Royal Decree-Law 7/2025, which collected key measures to avoid future blackouts and reinforce the network, was rejected in Congress On July 22, with 183 votes against. The standard included self -consumption incentives, more control over electricity and an impulse to energy storage. Without that legal framework, the Spanish electrical system remains vulnerable and rigid. There is a clear saturation: only 1 in 10 new facilities manages to access the network, although there is unused technical capacity. In the medium term, the government expects to launch capacity auctions before the end of the year, to keep gas plants as support as batteries and other technologies. But this, as the employers of the sector warn, will take time. The route map is more than clear. And the road is quite long: more storage, intelligent networks, decentralization, demand management. The challenge is not only to generate more renewable energy, but make it useful when it is most needed. And that requires investment, infrastructure and political decisions. Meanwhile, the paradox continues: we have cheap energy at noon, but we cannot use it at night. The invoice, as always, does not expect. Image | HPGRESEN Xataka | Spain was supposed to have a “antiapagones” plan. It has encountered an insurmountable obstacle: politics

They exist, offers them lunagets in Spain and allow to divide the cost

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A private flight from Madrid to Mallorca for seven people for 3,000 euros. From Andalusia to the capital for four friends for about 2,000 euros. These figures would be exorbitant if we think of commercial flights. But if we take into account that we talk about private jets and at the time/day of preference of the client, the thing changes. Lunagets, the Swiss executive aviation broker that arrived in Spain two years ago, has brought the experience of flying in private jet without ruined. The business behind luxury. The key is in the model: lunajets does not have airplanes, but connects aircraft owners With passengers. They have access to 4,800 aircraft of 350 operators worldwide, from small four -seater jets to Boeing Business Jet. Its specialty is the “empty flights”, planes that move without passengers to reposition themselves, and that can offer discounts of up to 75%. With 17 years of experience and billing of 200 million euros, they have converted private aviation into a more accessible customer service. Closer to what it seems. Carlos Matallana, director of Lunajets Spain since 2023, was blunt in Your interview For the country: “You don’t have to be onassis to fly privately.” The problem, according to him, is knowledge and culture. Spain has less tradition in executive aviation than neighboring countries, partly due to social prejudices and ignorance. “There is an incredible amount of accommodated middle class people who can occasionally allow these flights and do not know it,” he says in Another interview For the world. His team responds in maximum 10 minutes and has three hours to find the perfect solution, whether Kilimanjaro is flying over at sunset or transporting a pet in cabin. Reality after glamor. “Hollywood has done a lot of damage,” Matallana admits. 99% of flights are “absolutely disappointing” compared to films. For Matallana, true value is not in luxury, but in efficiency: avoid safety tails, control schedules, travel comfortably. Matallana account That the client profile has “informal” a lot in the last decade, moving away from the stereotype of the powerful banker. The numbers in Spain. The Spanish market is yet to explode. Lunagets manages about 220 annual flights Here, in front of the more than 15,000 of the global group. The margins are adjusted, between 4% and 5% in Europe, but the volume compensates. The company aspires to double its Spanish turnover this year, taking advantage of the fact that more and more people discover that flying in private does not require an account in Switzerland. And the environmental controversy. Critics for CO2 emissions They do not go unnoticed. It is not for less, since we are talking about flying a plane without practically passengers. France has uploaded taxes To discourage these flights. Matallana recognizes responsibility: “We emit less than people think, but that does not exempt us from having to reduce what we emit to the minimum.” And it is that while the industry seeks more sustainable alternatives lunasts is firm in what gives value to the service it proposes: save time. Cover image | Lunagets In Xataka | Amancio Ortega: the billionaire who lives as one more neighbor (except for private jets and superyates)

If the question is whether there is ‘Madridophobia’ in Spain we already have the answer

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Against any forecast and probably for the past of its owners, a year ago the Puerto Martina bar, a small restaurant in Mera (Galicia), became news International scope. They talked about him in the pressin the news and even The Guardian He dedicated him An article. The reason was not his food or how good the reeds threw. No. If the business went viral it is because he announced his decision to close in August to avoid tourists in the center of the country. “If a bomb falls in Mera they run out of dumb on the plateau,” he ironized. The owners of the bar regretted the “prepotency” of certain tourists and claimed to be “fed up from Madrid”. That episode left by throwing a question that is not new … can you talk about Madridophobia In Spain? A percentage: 68.5%. Recently ZITYa company Carsharinga curious challenge was proposed: studying the Madridophobia. Or rather, find out if it exists as such and in that case what is your reach. With that purpose in mid -June he did an interview with more than 1,100 people, he used some INE data and then prepared a broad report of 31 pages in which it describes some keys. The most interesting? That 68.5% Madrid believe that they are treated differently when they go on vacation to other regions of the country. “Like a plague”. It is not the only conclusion of the study. For example, the authors of the report They have proven that 59.5% of the inhabitants of the capital recognize feeling uncomfortable when talking about the “‘Madrid tourism’ as if it were a plague” and that there are even some who choose to hide their origin when they leave home. They are not a majority, but a third of the Madrid admits that it is a practice that they always do, ever or have passed through their heads. The most curious thing is that most tourists who leave Madrid are considered educated and correct visitors. This looks in fact about 53%. When Zity It went further And he asked the Madrid ones if they had ever felt displaced, another surprise was taken: 50.5% replied that. 43% have perceived that different treatment only in some communities, but the remaining 7.5% ensures that it is a usual feeling. Of course that data has another friendly face: 49.5% of Madrid have never felt rejected or marginalized. How do the rest see them? Zity’s study is just that, a study, with his biases and limitations, but it is interesting because he brings a double approach: he shows us how the Madrid feels when they go on vacation to Galicia, Alicante, Balearic Islands, Canary Islands … and how the local population sees them in those places. According to The studymore than a third of respondents (35.5%) believe that Madrid are the tourists who have the worst attitude when they see in other regions, which makes the capital “the place of origin of tourists with worse behavior.” The data far exceeds 21.3% who considers that the most rude tourists are the Catalans or 13.3% of the Andalusians. Going down to detail. If we look at the answers by communities there are more surprises. If we talk only with Gallegos, 53.6% point to Madrid as visitors with the worst attitude of the country. However, Zity’s study has a revealing ‘face B’ again: although many point to Madrid or Catalans as the worst Veraneantes, one in four respondents believe that tourists who worse are behaving during the holidays are the people of their own region. Yes, there is Madridophobia. Another of the revelations of the report is that, indeed, the Madridophobia It seems to be a real phenomenon that is not limited to the perception of Madrid. This is considered almost half of the interviewees (46.7%), especially the residents of Galicia, the Valencian Community and the Community of Madrid itself, which ensure that it is an undeniable problem. Moreover, 45.8% say they have witnessed some negative situation towards Madrid tourists and more than half (51.1%) have seen critical or satirical tone comments on networks about how the Madrid act in summer. They are overwhelming data that collide with another equally striking: 80% of the population that lives outside Madrid believes that it is not different from the tourists of the capital. “Chulo, arrogant and know -otodo”. The hoteliers of Mera who became viral a year ago because of their “fed up” regretted the “arrogance” and “haughty” of tourists. They are not the only ones who seem to comment like this. When Zity asked his respondents what three adjectives better describe the Madrid tourist found a very little edifying list. The most common qualifiers were “chulo” (37.5%), “arrogant” (36.5%) and “knowing” (29.2%). If we expand the list there are other more positive, such as “cosmopolitan” (22.5%) or “sociable” (20.9%). Many respondents had also heard phrases such as “This in Madrid does not happen” (68.5%), “there is no better water than that of Madrid” (64.2%) or comments on “the arrogance” of the Madrid and that everything seems “small or shabby” (64.2%). However, if there is a coletilla that respondents admit to having often heard are “here are those of Madrid” (70.7%), which gives a clear idea of the image they have in other regions of the country. If we talk about Galicia the most widespread topic is that Madrid “park anywhere”, which in coastal areas has resulted in totally flooded cars When the tide goes up. Images | Roberto Faccenda (Flickr) and Daquella way (Flickr) In Xataka | The hoteliers of Mallorca promised them happy. Until Super’s tourists arrived and shared juices

Spain has just changed the fiber optic rules after 25 years. The decision benefits a company: Telefónica

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The National Markets and Competition Commission He has decided to completely free Telefónica of its obligation to share the fiber optic network with other operators. A measure that ends almost three decades of state supervision initiated after the privatization of 1999. Why is it important. Telefónica thus recovers the total autonomy about its infrastructure of 30.8 million houses covered. You can freely decide who your network shares, at what price and under what conditions, without prior regulatory supervision. The context. Since the privatization of Telefónica at the end of the last century, the State imposed the obligation to rent its network to competitors to promote competition. What began with Gigaadsl in 1999 evolved until NEBA in 2012forcing the operator to initially share 100% of its network, reduced to 25% since 2016. What has happened. The CNMC Council approved on July 29 eliminated these restrictions for two key reasons: The Masorange fusion has created a competitor that surpasses Telefónica in number of clients. The broadband market has greater competition with new independent wholesalers and more fiber deployments. In detail. The resolution will enter into force in February 2026, giving six months to the operators that NEBA use to renegotiate agreements or migrate customers to other networks. Telefónica will keep only The framework obligation of renting physical infrastructure such as arches and pipes. And now what. On the one hand, Telefónica will gain commercial agility by not needing prior approval of the CNMC for new offers or technical changes. On the other hand, its competitors will lose the advantage of knowing in advance the strategies of the operator, which until now had to pass the regulatory “replicability” filter. The big question. How will you use this new freedom to compete. The operator can now launch offers without notifying their rivals or waiting for regulatory approval, just when it must present their new strategy – that of The era with Murtra in command– Before ending 2025. Outstanding image | Telefónica In Xataka | 100 years after his birth, Telefónica faces the greatest existential dilemma in its history: what wants to be older

Volvo does not start with the electric car and believes that his big problem is in Spain

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They said that “there was no future for internal combustion engines” from 2030. Last year they softened their expectations. And now they confirm that the transition to the electric car has been choking to the point that it will not be possible if in countries such as Spain a serious plan to electrify the country does not go ahead. Yes, we talk about Volvo. “It’s very difficult”. These words of Håkan Samuelsson, CEO of Volvo, summarize the feeling of the company with respect to the electric car. In an interview with the German media Die Zeitasked about the slow transition to the European electric car, which was expected faster, Samuelsson has responded to the following: There must be a clear sign that at a given time it is changing to electric mobility. But, of course, if there is no load infrastructure, especially in southern Europe, it is very difficult to implement it. A general concept is needed. Therefore, I can also imagine classify new hybrid vehicles with plug -in and long -range technology. In addition to southern Europe, a region in which Spain is undoubtedly, the CEO of Volvo also points out that “in certain regions of the world it is complicated for us, for example, in the west of the United States, with its own particularities. We probably need a few more years there. For electric mobility to succeed.” More loaders. With both answers, Samuelsson points directly to the load infrastructure as the main stumbling block to achieve the expected impulse with electric mobility. In the case of the United States it is evident. Tesla created a recharge network that held its first sales. Now, with your own loaders, your network is so good that has made manufacturers adapt to your bet. And in Spain we also have lessons to learn. Although we have improved and in Xataka We support that with the current volume of electric cars the reliability of the loaders than the pure power, According to ANFAC’s latest electromobility barometerin June 2025 we barely covered 17.5% of the total loaders that we should have installed at the end of the year. Tranquillity. Having a dense and reliable recharge network remains the main concern of those who do not dare to make the leap to an electric car. The ultimate goal is to be able to leave home without having to plan a route but that, right now, is not possible. And not only is it not possible, besides With a small battery electric carit is essential to be clear where, when and for how long to stop. Without a doubt, when one takes an electric car for a while it does not take time to adapt to its demands. Acquire the necessary knowledge to Do not pass hardships It is simple but that entrance barrier is still too high for those who want to disburse 30,000, 40,000 or 50,000 euros in a car and want to forget to pass anxiety for autonomy. But, above all, it is especially complicated among those who are looking for an electric car of 20,000 or 25,000 euros and know that they will have to Pay with some discomfort Your low price. What happens with Volvo? The problem for Volvo is that their electric cars do not advance to the expected rhythm and their plans were to stop selling combustion engines in 2030. In 2021, just four years ago, they said that “There is no future for internal combustion engines”. However, in 2024 they have had to admit that the transition to the electric car is being resisted more than the account and They already advanced that it was likely to maintain hybrid cars in the market for a longer time. Again, The low sales in the United States were key. Now, its CEO uncheck getting pressure so that countries take the initiative and put their efforts to create a solvent recharge network. Is something done? Yes, something is being done. First, countries have to give an acceleration to the recharge network forced by the European Union itself which has designed a plan to have fast loaders in the main routes of the continent in the short and medium term. In addition, you work to oblihar that the new loaders have Your own payment TPV systemwhich should facilitate adoption to the electric car. Right now, it is still necessary to have a good number of applications on the mobile if you load with different companies. And the government is also working for make cargo plugs visible With a new signaling on the roads. The ultimate goal is to go through the drivers that Spain is not a wasteland without loaders and that can be traveled with relative tranquility. One last curiosity. For Samuelsson “no, we were not too fast (about the jump to the electric car). For us, as a rather small company, the fully electric vehicle market is large enough.” Words hide a defense of their own legacy. The current CEO of the company already held this same position between 2012 and 2022. That is, the commitment to sell exclusively electric cars in 2030 was yours. After a small hesitation period, Samuelsson returned from his retirement to re -direct the Swedish company. A company that, on the other hand and by preference of its own CEO, is increasingly China: I want more cooperation from Volvo (with Geely). I want Volvo to remain independent, that is, with the headquarters in Sweden and that it is cited in the Swedish bag. But I also want to increase the value, the interest of the owners, and therefore more exchange within the holding company, to save money and introduce new technologies more quickly. Photo | Xataka In Xataka | Spain already has its first national map of cargo points for electric cars. We have tried it and we have opinions

Spain thought its position regarding the closure of nuclear. That has just changed

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The debate on a possible extension of nuclear plants has returned to the scene and has turned on the media focus. The electricity insists on lengthening their operation beyond the expected, but the executive denies that formal negotiations are being maintained and refers to the conditions that already set as essential. A letter and three conditions. Iberdrola and Endesa sent a joint letter to the government will make more or less a month. In it, they proposed to reopen the debate on the progressive closure of the nuclear park – which contemplates the shutdown of the Seven reactors between 2027 and 2035– With the argument that maintaining operational some centrals would reduce the cost of electricity for consumers. According to the countrythe Government responded by another letter signed by the Ecological Transition Minister, Sara Aagesen, opening to assess the proposal under three immovable conditions: that there is no additional cost for citizens, that the security of the supply is guaranteed and that the plants comply with the standards of the Nuclear Safety Council. So far they “dialogue.” According to eldiario.esthe government considers the letter of electricity as a declaration of intentions, not a formal request. In addition, Naturgy and EDP – also minority owners of some plants – did not sign the document, which leaves Iberdrola and Endesa alone. The debate intensifies. The situation is complex for a primary reason that is not technical, but the economic viability of nuclear. As the confidential explainedelectricity consider that operating with the current fiscal charge is unfeasible if the market price does not exceed € 65-70/MWh. In contrast, projected prices are around € 55/MWh by 2030. In this context, the Endesa CEO, José Bogas, raises the government a fiscal reduction, especially autonomic taxes (such as the one already eliminated in the Valencian Community) and the Enresa rate, which finances the dismantling of the centrals and waste management. However, according to the miteco, this fiscal reduction would involve damage to citizens, and therefore clashes frontally with their red lines. Almaraz, the first thermometer. The immediate focus is at the Almaraz nuclear power plant (Cáceres), whose first reactor must close in November 2027 and the second in October 2028. Iberdrola, Endesa and Naturgy – his three owners – have not yet met to approve the necessary investments that would allow their operation beyond those dates. The meeting scheduled for June has not been held, and sector sources admit that it will not occur before September. Meanwhile, companies prepare a new proposal that, According to El Confidencialcould be presented after summer at a meeting not yet confirmed with Minister Aagesen. The plan would be to offer a tax reduction in exchange for prolonging the activity of some centrals until 2030. However, the Ministry insists: if the conditions do not change, there will be no negotiation. A hot topic in Congress. The debate is more than served from the political field. On the one hand, the Popular Party preparing one Law proposition to extend the life of nuclear. The proposal would have the support of several regional governments of the PP – as Extremadura and Community Valencian – and the parliamentary support of Junts and ERC, which have shown flexibility in Congress in relation to the revision of the nuclear calendar. However, the government has reaffirmed its position. As El Confidencial recalledPresident Pedro Sánchez was bluntly in Congress last May, accusing PP and Vox of acting as “amateur lobists” of the electric. “If companies want to keep the centrals open, they pay them, not the citizens,” he settled. Facing an ambivalent European framework. In addition, the legal position of nuclear energy in the EU adds complexity, since European regulations do not consider nuclear energy as a renewable source. This is established by Directive 2018/2001 (Red II), a vision that has also adopted Spanish legislation. However, in 2022, the European Commission took a partial turn by including this technology, under certain conditions, In the so -called “green taxonomy”next to the natural gas. This classification allows certain nuclear investments to be labeled as sustainable from the climate point of view. As Miguel Huarte expanded has indicatedthis places the nuclear in a normative gray area: it is not renewable, but free of emission in its operation. And while France or Belgium have already chosen to extend their atomic parks, Spain maintains the opposite course. Accelerating another route. At the same time, the miteco has processed this July 31 a new Royal Decree by urgent route to reinforce the electrical system. As you have indicated in a press releaseit is a technical standard that does not directly address the nuclear calendar, but it does signal to a reinforcement of the electrical system by means of supervision, electrification of the demand and promotion of energy storage. Among other measures, the proposal increases the technical control of Electricity and CNMC, promotes renewable hybridization with storage systems and limits speculation on connection points. Although the text does not mention the nuclear, it reinforces the idea that the government bet remains clear: moving towards a 100% renewable mix. A door ajar. The crossing of cards between electric and government has served more to draw red lines than to open doors. What is played, beyond the kilowatt, is the country’s energy model: one where renewables are implacable and nuclear tries to scratch time under the promise of stability. But as well He has pointed the newspaper.Without a formal proposal and without an explicit resignation to tax privileges, electricity will continue to wait at the gates of a ministry that, for now, remains firm: either they meet the conditions, or the closing calendar will continue its course. The future of Almaraz – and perhaps that of the entire nuclear park – will be decided, if, after summer. And with many more letters even to play. Image | Foronuclear Xataka | Spain was supposed to have a “antiapagones” plan. It has encountered an insurmountable obstacle: politics

Someone has made a ranking with the greatest fines in the history of Spain and an old suspect is in the lead: Ryanair

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The fine imposed by the Government of Spain to Ryanair is the highest in the history of our country. The more than 100 million euros of sanction exceed all the records we had until a few months ago. To get an idea, the highest fine until then was just over three million euros. These are the most large fines and the companies that have received them. The highest. Without any discussion and without competitors. Ryanair received a sanction of 107.78 million euros last November 2024 on the occasion of his hand luggage policy. The sanction did not arrive alone and also punished Vueling (almost 40 million euros) and Easyjet (almost 30 million euros) for the same issue. However, Ryanair’s traffic volume is so high That by punishing the same fact repeatedly, the economic amount for the company is very high. So much so that, as we see, the two companies that accompanied him in it were well below the punishment to the Irish airline. Unprecedented. The list with the 15 toughest fines imposed by Spanish entities to companies operating in our country has collected Facua. This classification shows how, before the sanction to the airlines, the toughest fine had been for Unicaja and had stayed at 3.17 million euros. At that time, the Junta de Andalucía punished Unicaja in a package that extended to other banks that had imposed land clauses to their customers in mortgages. Rapier It was considered abusivehe entailed a very small fine with Ryanair’s. Despite being the first until very recently, Ryanair’s fine is 3,400%. Who appears? In addition to the aforementioned airlines, Norweigan was also part of that package and slipped between the 10 largest sanctions in our country. In between, Movistar (receivable in the time of the calls), CaixaBank (soil clauses), Vodafone (seven fraud among which is the deceptive advertising) and Endesa (for applying illegal rates for the rental of their light counters). It should be noted that, in addition, Movistar is the company that repeats the most in the ranking, adding up to three fines, the aforementioned and two other sanctions worth 1.53 million euros. Vodafone also repeats with a second fine of 1.19 million euros. Volotea, the fifth and final sanctioned airline, also appears here with a fine of 1.4 million. Banco Mare Nostrum (BNM) and Caja Rural de Granada are two other financial entities that close the breakdown. Has there been any consequence? Yes, although Ryanair has camouflaged him In response to rates, supposedly abusivefrom Aena at airports. Its response has been the abandonment or partial exit of some regional airports. A change of strategy propitious to the company And that, in addition, it has served to press the government, aware of the importance of these spaces. While Ryanair has been winning passengers in Spain, now he faces new fines. Some of the routes survived by the commercial agreements that Ryanair maintained with municipalities and other entities for advertising that acted as Covering line of the line. That has caused the complaint of, among others, The Mayor’s Office. Who is right? It remains to be seen. At the moment, the sanction is imposed but in Spain justice has proved both to the government and the company Despite judging the same fact: the possibility or not of Ryanair to charge for hand luggage. Until now, aerial regulations force airlines to let a lump pass that allows the “essential” to transfer. That, according to the government, cannot enter the brief measures that The company applies. Ryanair alleges otherwise And emphasize that there is no paper that proves the minimum size that the backpack has to have. The latest changes. Everything indicates that Europe is going to put on the side of Ryanair. The institutions are advancing in a new regulation to fly in which you want to stipulate a minimum measure for cabin luggage. This is slightly higher than that forced by Ryanair and The company has already made the changes to adapt to the regulations. It remains to be seen, to leave that new regulation ahead, the company would end up claiming Spain the money of the large fine with which it has punished it. This listing list shown can completely change if your claims get ahead. Photo | Nejc Soklič AND FACUA DATA In Xataka | Ryanair’s new competition does not come from any European airline: it comes from India and has an ambitious plan

Train liberalization in Spain has been a success for travelers. The problem is that companies are losing a money

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Railway liberalization has reached cruise speed with spectacular results for passengers … but demolving for operators accounts. Why is it important. The train price war is changing the transport map in Spain. Users earn with more low options and prices, but companies are bleeding money in a battle that has also begun to question the sustainability of the current model. In figures: Almost 40 million travelers They used high speed in 2024. That is 77% more than in 2019, before pandemic. Prices They have fallen up to 42% On some routes. Passenger income is 35% below the levels prior to liberalization. The context. Ouigo has become the undisputed EY of low prices. In the first quarter it was the Most economical operator in four of the five liberalized runners: Madrid-Barcelona (18.59 euros). Madrid-Sevilla (29.09 euros). Madrid-Málaga (26.89 euros). Madrid-Aliante (20.80 euros). Only in Madrid-Valencia surpassed him Avlo, and it was for just 25 cents. This aggressive strategy It is giving results. The French subsidiary has managed to capture 36% of the market in Madrid-Aliante, 25% in Madrid-Valencia and 15% in Madrid-Barcelona. Yes, but. Profitability is another issue. The sources do not indicate the concrete losses of each operator in 2024, but The data They indicate that the average income remains far from the levels that Renfe achieved alone. The operators have increased only 6% the average income in Madrid-Barcelona, to the 8 cents per traveler and kilometer, a figure that remains 35% lower than the era of the monopoly. Deepen. Beyond numbers, liberalization is changing mobility habits. The train has won the battle to the plane bluntly: In Madrid-Barcelona, the rail share went from 65%to 81.5%, while other routes exceed 80-90%. And now the financial sustainability of the sector is at stake. If current margins do not allow long -term profitability, something will have to give in: either prices, or some operators will end up withdrawing from the market. In Xataka | Renfe trusted the Avril trains to face the Low Cost of Ouigo and Iro. They do not stop giving problems Outstanding image | Dani guitar

The bad news is that the EU is losing in the tariff pact with the US. The good is that Spain is relatively airy

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The European Union He has accepted A 15% tariff on its exports to the United States. Although details about the agreement are still lacking – such that affect the automotive, pharma and semiconductor sector – this significantly clarifies the bases on which trade between the two regions will settle. Among the obvious pergouts, there is an inevitable for us: how this will affect the technological sector in Europe and, particularly, in Spain. The agreement. Ursula von der Leyen, president of the European Commission, explained in its statement How the trade between the US and the EU has a value of 1.7 trillions of dollars per year and brings together 800 million people. The key data of the agreement are important. 15% unified tariff. The threat that weighed on Brussels was 30%tariffs. The increase is considerable with respect to the prior to the commercial war initiated by Donald Trump. The agreement is very similar to the one reached between the US and Japan A few days ago. Washington already applied to the EU (false) “reciprocal tariffs with an additional 10% to 4.8% general that already taxed the European products that entered the US before this climb. Even so the tariff is much higher than in the past: according to The World Trade Organization, before Trump reached the presidency the average tariff applied to foreign goods was 2.2% while that of the EU was 2.7%. More and more assignments of the EU. There will be no similar imposition for American products that buy Europe. Besides: Europe must buy energy (especially liquefied natural gas, LNG) to the USor value of about 640,000 million euros over three years. Von der Leyen, of course, has presented the figure as a way of disconnecting more from Russian crude and gas. There will also be European investment commitment in the US arms sector, but there are no figures. Trump Indian that the EU will invest 600,000 million dollars additional to current investments, but did not clarify whether those cited investments in military equipment are included in that amount. Commercial rebalancing. The Commercial Deficit of US goods with the EU It was 235.6 billion dollars In 2024 according to data from the US Census Office: Europe “was winning” so far, but that situation will be “rebuilt” following the agreement, such as highlighted Von der Leyen. Keep in mind that this US deficit was already balanced with the Exchange of digital servicesin which the US has a competitive advantage that supposed Something more than 100,000 million euros with data from 2023. Automotive. The automotive industry has been especially present in negotiations. According to the president of the European Commission, “we should not forget where we come from, today the cars pay 27.5% and we have managed to lower it to 15%. It is the best we could achieve.” German automotive giants such as Volkswagen, Mercedes and BMW were for example very impacted by those 27.5%tariffs. Spain does not manufacture cars that are exported to the United States, which makes The impact in this case Be null. Bad news for steelurgy. In the agreement, yes, there are also negative exceptions. Thus, 50%steel and aluminum tariffs are maintained, something that damages one of the important sectors of the Spanish industry and of course to the European. The EU already responded to those tariffs where it hurt: In soybeans. However, it remains to be seen if there are new details that impact that concrete situation in the future. Von der Leyen said, however, in the CE statement that in those matters “the EU and the United States face the common external challenge of excess world capacity. We will work together to guarantee a loyal world competition. And to reduce barriers between us, tariffs will be reduced. In addition, a quota system will be established”, but there were no specific data on this regard. Spain, little affected. As pointed out The governor of the Bank of Spain, José Luis Escrivá, Spain is a country little affected by the tariff because our exports to the United States are 4.7%, one of the lowest figures in Europe. The impact according to him will be “moderate”, although future classulas may negatively affect that situation. Although in the technological field Spanish exports are reduced, there are sectors such as electrical machinery or automotive components that will see their competitiveness reduced. Semiconductors. In the absence of details, 15% tariffs will also apply to products from the pharmaceutical sector and that of semiconductors, but According to the statement From the European Commission, the tariff “will not apply in the aviation industry, some chups, critical raw materials and some agricultural products.” There are no specific data on the scope of these exclusions of the Araceles, and it seems clear that this agreement still has notable fringes that could cause a sensitive impact on all types of sectors and companies. Gigafactories of AI. The European Union announced in February The research project ai to create “gigafactories” of AI with tens of thousands of ia chips. These projects have been part of the commercial agreement, because in the European Commission statement it is specified that “the US chips will help enhance our AI gigafactories and help the US maintain their technological advantage.” The agreement seems that among other things can stimulate the creation of these data centers in Europe and Spain. Your mobile and your laptop (probably) will rise in price. But the most obvious impact – and practically inevitable – will be that of the price increase. Although Donald Trump established exemptions for electronic equipment such as mobiles and computers in April, he also assured that they would review this matter. In the agreement with the EU there is talk of exemptions to tariffs for semiconductors as those that have already been announced at that timebut there are no specific data that clarify whether these types of products will be free of tariffs. Not only consumers are affected here, but of course companies: the operational costs of computer equipment will … Read more

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