million

prevent plasma at 150 million ºC to destroy the reactor

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The adjective “titanic” fits as a glove if our intention is to describe the reactor of nuclear fusion experimental ITER (International Thermonuclear Experctor reactor), The machine that an international consortium led by Europe He is building in the French town of Cadarache. This ingenuity is titanic for its dimensions. Also by The size of the challenges that raises. Even for its ambition. Inside His huge vacuum chamber 29 x 29 meters stainless steel, with a weight of 3,850 tons and a volume of 16,000 m³ an extremely powerful magnetic field a gas that is at a temperature of at least 150 million degrees Celsius. It is necessary that this plasma reaches this temperature because in these conditions the deuterium and tritium nuclei that contains acquire the kinetic energy they need to overcome their natural electrical repulsion. Almost without realizing we have repaired in one of the great challenges that the nuclear fusion entails: it is necessary that the plasma reaches that extreme temperature because on the earth we do not have the intense gravitational field that helps the stars to keep on “the nuclear oven”. And less pressure implies more temperature if our purpose is to recreate the necessary conditions so that the fusion reactions between the deuterium and tritium nuclei take place. To monitor the temperature, a lot has needed to develop a lot of technology The most exposed components not only at the extreme temperature of the plasma, but also to the action of high energy neutrons that it is not possible to confine inside the magnetic field are Tungsten shields that cover the inner mantle of the vacuum chamber and the diving. These components must withstand the bombardment of plasma high energy neutrons, transforming their kinetic heat into heat. To release this thermal energy and refrigerate the diving is responsible for the water that circulates inside. The diving is responsible for purifying plasma, allowing the extraction of the ashes and impurities resulting from the nuclear fusion reaction The tungsten has been chosen to put the shields exposed to plasma because this is the metal that has the highest melting point: nothing less than 3,422 degrees Celsius. In addition, the diving is responsible for purifying plasma, allowing The extraction of ashes and impurities resulting from the nuclear fusion reaction and plasma interaction with the most exposed layer of the mantle. In any case during the reactor operation, it is necessary to monitor the temperature that the components most exposed to the plasma action reaches. If the tungsten shields, the diving or any other component of the vacuum chamber exceeds its maximum temperature threshold could be irremediably damaged. And changing one of these pieces in a 23,000 tons machine is not at all pathered bread. Fortunately, engineers who participate in Iter have resolved this challenge. In the cover photography of this article we can see the machine used to carry out the thermal cycles tests to which the prototype of a mirror has been subjected to the National Institute of Aerospace Technique of Spain, which is one of the research institutions that have participated in the project. And is that precisely to measure the temperature of the components most exposed to the plasma, the engineers of Iter will use A great angle vision system which uses several mirrors manufactured with great precision to collect the visible and infrared light from the diversion and the main wall of the camera. This architecture will allow to measure the temperature of all surfaces in real time, so that the reactor operators can identify if a component is overheat and prevent damage in time. This system brings together no less than 15 independent lines of vision that will be housed in four different locations of the vacuum chamber with the purpose of covering 80% of the internal surfaces. Spectacular. Image | Fusion for Energy More information | Fusion for Energy In Xataka | China is unstoppable in nuclear fusion: the construction of its own iter is aimed at beating all records

The European Commission fine to Apple and Meta with 500 and 200 million euros. They are condemned to make changes, want or not

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The European Commission has imposed a fine to Apple and goal worth 500 and 200 million eurosrespectively. According to the authority, both companies have breached the Digital Markets Law (DMA). Both amounts reflect both the severity and the duration of the breach of the law. Apple’s case. The European Commission has determined that the company has breached its obligation not to prevent the redirection of users towards offers and purchases outside App Store. Determining a amount of 500 million euros for its sanction. All developers who distribute their apps through this store must be able to inform users about alternative offers outside it. Due to restrictions imposed by Apple, according to the commission, developers cannot benefit from the advantages offered by alternative distribution channels to App Store. Also, consumers cannot access different offers outside those offered in the store itself. The goal case. For the Zuckerberg platform, Europe determines that the obligation to offer consumers the option of using advertising service that uses less personal data is breached. Specifically, it refers to the model of ‘Consent or pay’ introduced in 2023and that was already declared illegal since its launch. The changes. The Commission has ordered Apple to eliminate technical and commercial restrictions on redirection, warning that it must refrain from continuing with similar behaviors in the future. It has a period of 60 days to apply changes, or will face periodic sanctions. “If a user rejects this consent, he must have access to a less personalized but equivalent alternative.” European Commission in 2024 Similar is the case of Facebook, who has forced its users to pay to avoid the assignment of their data. In July 2024, the European Commission warned about a possible millionaire fine in case of not offering alternatives. Fine. In March 2024, The EU was appropriate to Apple with 1,800 euros (almost 0.5% of its annual income) after the demand of Spotify. The reason was quite similar to that of the current sanction: “abusing its dominant position in the music distribution market for music streaming to iPhone and Ipad users through their App Store.” Just three days ago, France (the Authorité de la Concurrence) I fined 150 million euros for abuse of dominant position between 2021 and 2023 in the advertising segment in mobile applications. Meta is not something new either. In November The European Commission fined almost 800 million euros for violating the antimonopoolio standards of the European Union with its Facebook Marketplace service. A year earlier, he received a fine of 1,200 million euros for not complying with the General Data Protection Regulation. Image | Xataka and Meta In Xataka | Meta has a very long history by replicating rival applications to become gold. Edits is the most recent case

OpenAI goes for Windsurf for 3,000 million dollars, according to Bloomberg

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As he has advanced Bloomberg and has confirmed later CNBC citing its own sources, OpenAi is negotiating the purchase of a programming assistance startup to compete directly in the developer tool market. It’s about Windsurf. Windsurf is a startup with a programming assistant similar to COPILOT. And OpenAi is valuing a possible acquisition for 3,000 million dollars. Why is it important. The purchase would be a strategic movement to compete in the software development market in the AI ​​era. Openai would go into direct competition with Microsoft (its largest investor) and Anysphere, manufacturer of Cursora similar tool. This operation tells us something about Openai: not only wants a great general use model, but to move to at least one more concrete and niche product. Between the lines. This purchase can generate tensions. If OpenAi Buy Windsurf, it will compete directly with the suite Microsoft development, especially with Github Copilot, which dominates the code assistant market with AI. It would not be The first recent trenching between Openai and Microsoft. The context. He Rumore Rumore It arrives just after the launch of OPENAI O3 and O4-MODE and the closure of a financing round of 40,000 million. The IA developed tool market is exploiting. The trend Vibe Codingwhich seeks to generate code based on short descriptions, is being one of the fashions of the year. Windsurf competes in this space with cursor (valued at 10,000 million), Replit and Microsoft solutions. With only 40 million dollars in annual income (five times less than cursor), Windsurf seems more a commitment to talent and technology than for the business they already generate. And now what. The conversations are still underway and the agreement is not closed yet, according to Bloomberg and CNBC. If concretized, the shadow of American anti -protection regulators would soon appear. Especially for the complex relationship between OpenAI and Microsoft. For developers, this purchase would mean some questions about possible changes in the prices and integration of Windsurf with OpenAi APIS. In Xataka | Openai’s hypothetical social network does not want to connect people. Want your data to train your AI Outstanding image | Windsurf, Openai, Xataka with Mockuuuup Studio

An empire of 44,000 million is trembling

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The protectionist measures imposed by the Trump administration against Chinese products They threaten Shein’s business model in the United Stateswhich represents 28% of its global turnover,, precisely when the company was preparing its IPO in London, and once had already received green light from British regulators. Evil Timing. Why is it important. The Shein model is based on ultra -grape production in China with very tight margins. Tariffs will force you to choose between raising prices – losing your great claim and competitive advantage – or absorbing the cost and seeing your margins, which do not have much idem, drastically reduced. In figures. Shein billed around 12,500 million euros in the United States last year, which represents more than a quarter of its total income estimated at 44,000 million euros, 55% more than in 2023. The latest. The Trump government has eliminated a key tariff exemption for Shein’s business model. Until now, the company could send products from China to US consumers without paying tariffs provided that the order was less than 800 dollars, known as rule “of minimis” that was threatened Since Trump was re -elected. As of May, these shipments must pay a fixed rate of $ 75, which will increase to $ 150 in June. Between bambalins. According to Reuters, Shein is encouraging her biggest suppliers to move her production to Vietnam to dodge tariffs, although Shein denies it. They would not be the first to take a similar step. According to the testimonies collected by the agency, some Chinese manufacturers have seen their reducted orders up to 50% since the Chinese New Year, a few weeks ago. Several factor owners in Guangzhou, an area known as “Shein villages“They confirm that their orders are decreasing. A manufacturer named Li, who has been working with Shein for five years, says his orders have fallen in half. Yes, but. Shein continues to grow in other key markets such as: Germany (6.6% of its turnover) United Kingdom (6%) France (5.4%) ¡Spain! (3.6%, approximately 1,580 million euros) And now what. Shein must now convince investors that she can maintain her business model and growth prospects despite the coup in her main market. The IPO in London, which still requires the approval of Chinese regulators (already has that of the British), will be the definitive proof of market confidence in their ability to adapt. The contrast. While Shein invests 10,000 million yuan (1,370 million dollars) in industrial projects in southern China, including a logistics center of 500 million dollars in Guangzhou, according to Reuterssimultaneously seems to be diversifying its production towards Vietnam. The Cut He informs that Shein will implement “price adjustments” as of April 25, recognizing that “due to the recent changes in the rules and tariffs of global trade, our operating expenses have increased.” In Xataka | Boeing, trapped in the commercial war. China paralyzes the deliveries of its airplanes and Airbus gains ground, according to Bloomberg Outstanding image | APPSHUNTER.IO in Unspash

has bought Freeow for 175 million euros

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Lyft He has announced today The definitive agreement for the acquisition of Freeow, belonging to BMW and Mercedes-Benz, for 175 million euros in cash. This marks the definitive landing of this company in Europe, where until now it did not operate. Freeow does not disappear. The German company will continue to operate independently, and according to the Lyft statement it will maintain its current management team and all its employees. The objective, those responsible highlights, is to continue promoting their growth in 9 countries and more than 150 cities in Ireland, United Kingdom, Germany, Greece, Spain, Italy, Poland, France and Austria. Your market is doubled. The operation represents the most relevant international expansion of Lyft out of North America, and assumes that it practically doubles its total market. The annual projection will exceed 300,000 million journeys, and it is estimated that gross reserves reach 1,000 million euros per year, thus doubling the income that the company had so far. From Mytaxi to Freeow and Lyft. Mytaxi was founded in 2009 by two German entrepreneurs. In September 2014, the Daimler Group bought the parent company of MyTaxi, Intelligent Apps, and in 2016 the platform merged with the British Hailo. BMW would form a joint-venture with Mercedes-Benz in February 2019, and a few months later Mytaxi would definitely become Freeow. The border between taxis and uber/cabify/Lyft is blurred. The controversy that surrounded the arrival of the VTC and that threatened the taxi sector It ended up solving and today both types of private transport live together and in fact they have intermingled. Uber or Cabify applications have allowed for years they allow Reserve paths both in conventional and VTC taxis transparently for the user. In recent years, yes, the sector was regulated and for example licenses to the VTC were limitedalthough the Speculation with licenses Not having a brake. More competitors. Lyft will despite a tough competition in Europe, not only by Uber, but also by companies such as Cabify in Spain or Bolt, another of the platforms that It has been operating for a few years also in our country and is growing in the old continent. In Xataka | Barcelona taxi drivers will not cover one of the most tourist points in the city. They don’t want problems with their neighbors

Renfe aspired to win 5,000 million euros with an AVE in the US copying Japan. His government has just kill him

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Unite the cities of Dallas and Fortworth with Houston. That is the project with which Renfe hoped to continue growing in his international projects. The construction of a high -speed line for just 386 kilometers that allows these cities to be connected in just 90 minutes. The project allows to connect the two most important Texas cities with a train that travels to 386 km/h, according to You can read on the Renfe website. The Spanish company has presented this project as Texas Advisor Central Railroadoffering their experience in “the stages of development, design and construction and in the commercial operation (operations, maintenance, promotion and sale of tickets)”, according to the company’s own words. Renfe went up to the train of this project in 2018 and his involvement grew in 2021 when he signed the contract to become an infrastructure operator. With this new high -speed line I expected to win more than 5,000 million euros from here to 2042, when the contract expired. However, the United States government has withdrawn all funds. A dead point project “I am pleased to announce that Fra and Amtrak agree that the financing of this project is a waste of taxpayers’ funds and a distraction of Amtrak’s main mission to improve their existing deficient services,” The statement indicates Sent by the United States Department of Transport. The words are from Sean Duffy, Secretary of Transportation of the country that has withdrawn the 63.9 million dollars of subsidy that the Federal Railway Administration (FR) dedicated to the high -speed railway corridor of Amtrak Texas, previously known as the Texas Central Railroad project. In the published information, Duffy emphasizes that the project was born with an exclusively private spirit but that with delays and unforeseen costs increased significantly. So much that they estimate that you can go to the 40,000 million dollars “What makes the construction unrealistic and a risky company for the taxpayer”, in words expressed in the statement. The high speed project to join these two cities re -enters the dead and is a setback for the Spanish company. They explain in Five days that Renfe became part of it in 2018, first with a job of Advice and Line Design. In 2021, The contract was extended and made the Spanish company a future operator of the same with which he hoped to win 5.3 billion euros before 2042. However, the issues With this high -speed line they had been accumulating long before. The creation of this line has its origin in 2009 under the company Lone Star High-Speed ​​Rail LLC. Three years later, the company changed its name to Texas Central Railway. After verifying that the costs were fired, it was accepted that public capital supported the project. In spite of everything, the calendar has breached again and again. Environmental and security permissions should have been achieved in 2020 but delays have been added to which the colon of the coronavirus crisis and an expropriation of land that follows in the courts have been added. In 2017, the United States government with Donald Trump to the head included the project as “a national transport infrastructure priority,” they point out in Five daysand with Joe Biden in command of the country State funds from the Infrastructure Plan were allocated To keep the project alive. Now, in Trump’s second term, the Department of Transportation has canceled it. Until now, the plan went to implement a small -scale replica of the famous rail system of Japanese high speed tokaido shinkansenoperated by Central Japan Railway Company (JRC). Thus, the train It could reach 386 km/h peak speed and join Dallas and Fortworth (separated by about 50 kilometers) with Houston in 90 minutes. You wanted to establish a regular service with a train every 30 minutes. Photo | Xataka In Xataka | Japan has just discovered one of the most lucrative businesses of your bullet train: the sale of food carts

The olive oil campaign is doing so well that Spanish olivers have already lost 270 million euros

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At the end of January, the Almazares de Middle Country They were working 24 hours a day and were direct to triple the amounts of olive last year. It seemed good news. Moreover, after years of drought, it was excellent news. But, As we warnedcould become a problem. Well, it is already becoming a problem. But how will it be a problem? I recognize that it may seem paradoxical. We carry several campaigns in which the big problem is that There were no olives. That shot prices, yes: but hardly compensated for the different links in the production chain. It is no coincidence that the world’s largest olive oil company lost 34 million euros only in 2023. Now there are olives. The problem is that there are too many and that the sector is in such a weak state, that it has not been able to contain the price drop. There the complications begin. Have prices fallen so much? At consumer level, not so much. But originally the situation has been very down. To get an idea, According to data from the Information and Food Control Agencyonly in March, “135,000 tons have been marketed (including imports) to an average of 3.62 euros in all categories.” The amount is important, yes. Above all, because (Docked by international trade problems) We have reached a rhythm that can be at risk of the campaign link: reserves that allow stabilizing the price throughout the year. That is, it is important. But the key is the price. What can we learn from the price? Historically, the line of the traditional dry land olive tree I was around four euros. It is true that the irruption of the irrigation olive tree and the New superintenive varieties They make many profitable farms at lower prices, but the bulk of the Spanish oil Keep from dry. And that dry land has been the worst the crisis of recent years. The current price drop in origin puts it in a very complicated situation. A complication of 270 million euros. In that amount, the UPA Secretary General Andalusia, Jesús Cózar, the dimension of the problem. “The olive groves have stopped receiving 270 million euros in the month of March, or what is the same, more than 8 million daily, due to the current situation of ruin prices at origin,” explained. Your complaint is debatable, but makes sense. Because, indeed, “There are no objective reasons that justify this bearish trend of prices at origin.” Taking into account current reserves, technically speaking the price would have to be superior: oil is coming out at a rate that is not sustainable. And that is what worries the producers. Knowing that in normal circumstances, the olive would have to sell almost two euros more expensive and, in this way, the 2024-2025 campaign would have been a revulsion. Right now is just another year of agony. Image | MILTOF | Pom ‘ In Xataka | Right now there are thousands and thousands of tons of olive oil embarking on the United States

The startup of ia of one of Openai’s co -founders has no product. Even so it is valued at 32,000 million dollars

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Promises and expectations can use a fortune. It is the only thing that justifies that a startup of which nothing is known It is worth good 32,000 million dollars. That is more than eBay, Endesa or Hyundai, but with the difference that these companies have been working for years and even decades to achieve that figure. But we are in the AI ​​era, and here, we insist, promises and expectations are worth a lot. There is not much more than right now it seems to offer Safe Superintelligence (SSI), the startup of Ia co -founded by Ilya Sutskever, who was already confused of OpenAi and abandoned his ranks less than a year ago. According to Financial TimesSutskever has managed to lift a financing round of 2,000 million dollars for its startup, which makes the assessment of the same ascend to those mentioned 32,000 million dollars. The figure is also surprising because the economic moment we live, with tariffs threatening everything, precisely raises an important brake on investment. In September SSI He already lifted $ 1 billion and that made its valuation out of 5,000 million. That figure has multiplied by six, which seems to make it clear that they have something striking in hand. In An interview Last year Sutksver raised an AI with “nuclear safety”clarifying that “no matter how safe we ​​mean as when we talk about nuclear safety, as opposed to safe when we talk about” trust and security “”. In a later interview in September this engineer and entrepreneur indicated that he and his team had “identified a new mountain to climb and that it is something different from what I previously worked on.” Sources close to SSI have indicated that the company works in very special ways to develop and climb AI models. If true The milestone would certainly be intriguingespecially now that it is criticized that climbing – more gpus and more data to train AI models— It no longer provides such striking improvements. Be that as it may, the former OpenAi employees are apparently very well after having left the company. We have another example in Look Muratiwhich has also launched a call startup Thinking Machines Lab. He is also working to raise an important investment round … and also does it without having any product to show. So are these times. Image | OpenAI In Xataka | There are too many AI models. That raises a true death sentence for Anthropic and Claude

He will be able to continue selling his H20 GPU for AI in China, although he has cost him a 1 million dinner per diner

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The GPU for applications of artificial intelligence (AI) H20 is the salvation of Nvidia in China. Since the sanctions package officialized by the administration of Joe Biden entered into force November 16, 2023 This is THE ONLY SOLUTION FOR IA That Jensen Huang’s company can sell to its Chinese clients. And, in addition, during the last months it is being a real success. This chip on paper is much less capable than the most sophisticated GPUs that Nvidia currently sells. In fact, this is the reason why the US Department of Commerce has allowed its sale in China in recent months. Its limitations invited us to initially assume that their reception in this Asian country would be warm, but It has not been so at all. According to Business Intelligence semiconductorsince this chip reached the Chinese market in mid -2024 its sales have grown 50% quarter to quarter, which positions it as the most successful Nvidia product today. However, sales of The H100 GPUwhich is more powerful, “only” grows 25% quarter after quarter. In spite of everything since the end of 2024, the H20 Chip is undergoing the scrutiny of the US Department of Commerce. Jensen Huang has added one of his most unlikely successes Gina Raimondo, the Secretary of Commerce during the mandate of Joe Biden, He made this warning to Nvidia In December 2023: “If redesign a chip so that it can be used for AI, we will control it the next day.” The direct allusion to the Jensen Huang company is evident. The return to the US government of Donald Trump and his collaborators far from appeasing the panorama promised to end once and for all for the sale of the H20 GPU in China. The Nvidia business in China has resentful during the last two years as a result of the sanctions imposed by the US For Nvidia this restriction would be a very hard blow. His business in this Asian country has rented during the last two years as a result of the sanctions imposed by the US, and stop selling the GPU that during the last months He has sustained this company in China I would make a difficult wound to heal. These are the circumstances in which Jensen Huang has met with Donald Trumpand has done so with a firm purpose: to ensure that the government allows Nvidia to continue selling its H20 chip in China. The Trade Department, which under Trump’s mandate is being led by Howard Lutnick, intended According to several filters to prevent this week that this GPU continue to arrive in the country of Xi Jinping. However, against all forecast the US administration has suspended, at least temporarily, its export prohibition of this chip. This conclusion is surprising, but there are even more circumstances in which Jensen Huang has achieved his goal. And it is that the general director of Nvidia has approached this negotiation directly with Donald Trump during a dinner at the restaurant of the Mar-A-Lago tourist complex housed in Palm Beach (Florida), which is owned by the latter. It has transcended that Huang and the other diners They have paid a million dollars each for attending this dinner. But Huang has compensated. Nvidia can continue selling its H20 GPU in China. At least for the moment. Although, yes, he has pledged to invest more money in data centers for the US. Image | Nvidia More information | Npr In Xataka | The Nvidia pulse and US administration becomes more virulent. The B20 GPUs for danger

TSMC is being investigated by the US. It faces a possible fine of 1,000 million dollars, according to Reuters

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TSMC is at a crossroads. This manufacturer of Taiwanese semiconductors, The Major on the Planetis subject to an investigation of the US Commerce Department Since October 2024. The organization that Gina Raimondo then led suspected that this company could secretly arrived agreements with Huawei to take care of the manufacture of your semiconductors for smartphones and applications of artificial intelligence (AI). At the current situation of tension between the US and China this accusation is very serious. The US government definitely included Huawei in its blacklist in 2020, and one of the immediate consequences of this decision was that TSMC should stop producing semiconductors for this Chinese company. Two years later, in October 2022, the US administration decided to include All the Chinese semiconductor industry In his blacklist, which further cut the TSMC client portfolio. Fortunately for this company, Everything seemed to be clarified just a month ago. Finally, TSMC is likely to be unscathed from this conflict In December 2024 TSMC broke its commercial relationship with Powerair, a Singapore company that, apparently, was responsible for delivering to Huawei the chip manufactured by TSMC that appeared on the card for the Ascend 910b. Interestingly, this was the second company presumably responsible for reaching Huawei integrated circuits produced by TSMC. In 2023 this last company stopped offering its manufacturing service to the Chinese Chips Design Company Sophgo to illegally mediate with Huawei. The CSIS has accused TSMC of having made two million Ascend 910 chips indirectly for Huawei However, their problems did not end here. At the beginning of last March the CSIS (Center for Strategic and International Studies), An American organization that is dedicated to elaborating strategies that seek to guarantee the security of the US, accused TSMC of have manufactured indirectly for HuaweI For 2024, no less than two million chips of the Ascend 910. With these integrated circuits this Chinese company could have produced a huge number of units of its ascend 910c solution, which is currently its hardware for the most advanced. The most interesting thing was that the CSIS argued that Huawei had once again resorted to “ghost” companies that acted as intermediaries between her and TSMC. However, the author of the report did not exculpate the Taiwanese company: “TSMC manufactured large amounts of Ascend 910b of Huawei in the name of ghost companies and sent them to China, thus violating US export controls.” This is the reason why, According to Reutersthis integrated circuit manufacturer could receive a fine of billion dollars, or even more, from the Department of Commerce. US regulation establishes that in this context The sanction can ascend twice the value of the transactions that have violated export restrictions, which could place this fine as one of the highest in history by this type of infraction. Image | TSMC More information | Reuters In Xataka | The US tariffs are already hurting two of the companies that support Taiwan’s economy: TSMC and Foxconn

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