lived

Vapers have lived a decade of freedom in Spain. The honeymoon ends

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Spain is about to set the ten years of ambiguity. The vopemers, which were sold in the early last decade as the “intelligent” version of tobacco, will be treated exactly the same as the lifelong marlboro. Why is it important. The New anti -tabaco law that prepares health normatively equate electronic cigarettes, Heated tobacco and vapers to conventional tobacco. The regulatory limbo is over. That liminal space is over in which it seemed acceptable to vap but not smoking. Health wants to prohibit the use of cigarettes, and also of vapes, in terraces, marques, labor vehicles, university campuses and external leisure areas. The same restrictions that conventional tobacco already had. The context. During a decade, vopes users have enjoyed a kind of undeclared privilege. Technically they did not smoke, but “vapeed.” It was steam, not smoke. A semantic difference that translated into real freedoms: vaping in places where smoking was prohibited, avoiding – not always – the social reproach looks, maintaining the perfect alibi being “leaving tobacco.” The final blow. The prohibition of flavorings marks the end of that golden age. Not only lose spaces: they lose their identity. The flavors were what most differentiated the vaping of traditional tobacco. Without mint, fruits or sweets, vapes are reduced to simple nicotine dispensers with USB-C load. Yes, but. The resistance is real. CNMC (National Commission of Markets and Competition) has challenged the prohibition of flavoringssomething unthinkable already with traditional tobacco. The classic tobacco companies have stopped fighting for years: they know they lost that war. Vapes still have faith in which they can win. Between the lines. This comparison says something deeper about how Spain manages this type of innovations. The vapes followed the classic pattern: Technological grace period. Social normalization Regulatory awakening. Total comparison. It is the same route they made (saving the health distances) VTC with the taxitourist apartments with hotels or cryptocurrencies with traditional currencies. The threat. For Vaper industry, this is more than a regulation: it is a declaration of war against its business model. Without flavoring and no differentiated spaces, what competitive advantage is left to the traditional tobacco? Technology, perhaps. But that seems insufficient to maintain the growth of an industry that grew precisely because it was not “real tobacco.” Deepen. The draft must still go through the Council of Ministers and subsequently through Congress, where you will need agreements with other political forces. Restrictions can change, but direction is irreversible: vapes have lost their special status. Outstanding image | Stephen Noble in Unspash In Xataka | The ‘vaping’ reaches adolescents and lights alarms

We have just lived the first great blackout of the renewable era. The debate is now how to get the last one

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The debate in public opinion is served for the coming weeks, at least Until the conclave arrivesat which time it will be limited to the specialized circles of the energy sector. Bloomberg analyst Javier Blas, He has baptized What happened in Spain and Portugal as “the great green blackout of the era of renewable energy.” Although the authorities have not yet offered a definitive version, the debate has intensified. Until now. The official version is still preliminary, but Red Eléctrica de España has offered a technical reconstruction of what happened. According to the latest information, the fall was not the product of a cyber attack or sabotage, but of the failure chain of several systems in a context of high renewable penetration. In a matter of seconds, about 15 gigawatts were disconnected, approximately 60% of the consumption of electric demand, due to a sharp drop in voltage, known as “voltage hole.” This type of active fall automatic protection systems that disconnect power plants and substations to avoid greater damage. According to Financial Timesthe lack of inertia – the capacity of certain infrastructure such as turbines to stabilize the network— He worsened the problem. And since Portugal partially depends on the Spanish supply, the blackout immediately extended to the entire neighboring country. Despite this, Beatriz Corredor, president of Red Electrica, He has warned that “it is not correct to relate the incident to the penetration of renewables”, defending that these technologies work stable and that the Spanish electrical system is resilient. He also pointed out that millions of data are being analyzed to clarify the exact causes of the blackout and reinforce the response protocols. Debate is reopened. A few weeks ago, the discussion in the energy sector revolved around Scheduled closure of the nuclear centrals planned for two years. However, the blackout has catalyzed a more visible ideological shock: renewable vs. nuclear. Such as has detailed eldiario.es, what happened has fed tensions among those who defend the energy transition against those who want to keep nuclear as stable support. In that same article, Jorge Sanz, the former president of the Commission for Energy Transition, has declared that one of the factors was the massive disconnection of renewables before a voltage hole. However, like has pointed out Renewable expert Xavier Cugat in his networks, Sanz has omitted a relevant fact: The existence of the Srap (Automatic protection response system), already operational and with several real and solar wind capacity gigawatts. A crucial tool that, although it did not avoid the blackout, is part of the effort to improve the technical response of renewables in these situations. But there is an unstoppable reality. According to Irenain 2024 92.5% of the new electrical power installed worldwide was renewable. That is, twelve times more renewable than nuclear, gas and coal together were installed. Clean energies are already the norm: they are cheaper, safe and in many countries, almost the only option that is being expanded. There are already concrete examples: countries like Paraguay, Iceland or Norway They work with 100% of renewable generation. The address is clear; What is at stake is how to manage this transformation without compromising system stability. What is the way? As has explained for RNE The head of the Rey Juan Carlos University, Eloy Sanz, which the Iberian Peninsula is an “energy island” with Very little international connection. Spain and Portugal need an integration much stronger With the rest of Europe to share surpluses, balance demand and strengthen system safety. To this is added the need to continue investing in storage, such as batteries, Reversible pumping plants either Green hydrogen. Finally, the development of technologies such as Synthetic inertiaalready deployed in countries such as Denmark, which simulate the stabilizing effect of old thermal plants or other strategy such as Synchronous Power Controlwhich allow renewables to also contribute to the stability of the network without the need for batteries or physical inertia flyers. Ignoring this has a price. As He has summarized Javier Blas in his column with crudeness: “The design of the network, the policies and risk analysis are not yet up to the management of an excess of renewables.” It is not an attack on clean energy, but a call of attention. The error would be to abandon renewables by a blackout, nor were fossil fuels left after Blackout New York in 1977. But we must learn. The future of energy will be renewable, but it cannot be naive or ideological. Image | Unspash Xataka | The problem is not that Spain depends much on renewable energies: it is not interconnected with Europe

Two Spanish preppers tell us how they lived yesterday’s great blackout

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Five seconds. It is what was needed to 60% of Spain’s energy vanished This April 28. At 12:33 in the morning 15 GW of generation were lost in the system, causing a total blackout that caught many without the necessary elements To face an absolute disconnection situation in which the radio was the only window to the information. But there are those who did not spend the dark night or eating food remains of the refrigerator. They are people who have gone preparing for this type of situation And they tell us how they lived it, their tricks and that everything were jokes in their surroundings until they had to ask for a flashlight to spend the night. “What happened yesterday cannot happen again. And he can never happen again,” I commented Pedro Sánchez, president of Spain, at the press conference on April 29. Little by little it comes to light Information about the blackout that left us from those 12:33 on Monday, without electricity on the peninsula and without mobile data to communicate. To the afternoon lake, the system, Thanks to emergency servicesbegan to relive little by little, but this is something that forces us to review something as fundamental as, it can be, undervalued: The weak points of the Spanish Electric Red. Now, not only authorities must act: citizens also have something to say thanks to preparation. But, of course, The idea of ​​giving supplies And to prepare a survival kit does not appear in our mind from one day to another without something that triggers that idea. Miguel Morales is one of those people who have a series of elements at home so it can happen. “He gave me by because, after Covid, it became clear that the difference between a critical situation and a house holiday was just how you were prepared,” he tells us. Isra Fernándezpartner of Applesferais another one of those preparations for whatever comes. In his case, that spark to start creating his kit was very previous. “I’ve always been a bit ‘tarado’ with this ‘, but maybe … the 11S. He caught me out of the institute and touched my head. Then, my friends and I were always with” And if one day something happened like in ’28 days later’? ” As clarification, ‘28 days later‘It’s a zombie apocalypse movie. But although he September 11, 2001 I could turn on that spark, as in the case of Miguel, the Covid was the climax. “We supplied and could help neighbors and friends,” Isra tells us. It had gas camping, canned food, survival rations and thirty liters of water. I told myself “If you have to go, I’m here prepared” During that period, “there were people who had a really bad and others who until well” thanks to those supplies they had at home, Complete Miguel. But … what supplies? In the case of a pandemic, non -perishable foods, many in can to make homemade hornos, are “The most useful thing you can have”he tells us. And, before a blackout like yesterday, the trick was to pull batteries. “I have two batteries and both were used yesterday. Isra comments that it has 50 AA and 50 AAA batteries, and both mention the radio. Whether batteries or crank, became something essential. “Although at the beginning it was limited to reading Red Eléctrica tweets, when the coverage fell were quite key to remain informed,” says Miguel. Apart from being able to charge with sunlight, these flashlights provide a good atmosphere inside the house | Photo by Miguel Morales Isra points out that, where appropriate, it is not batteries, but of crank. Thus it does not depend on batteries and its model (this) It is loaded by kinetic energy, solar or by power to feed a 10,000 mAh battery that, in addition to the point of light, serves as a charger. It also has AM/FM radio and compass. Isra’s flashlight Within that preparation, a very important point is food. Again: not so much for events that last a few hours, such as the blackout, but for others that can be expanded months or even weeks. Isra details an absolute arsenal of food, composed of four drums of water, honeyboats, peanut cream and 10 kg of powdered milk, as well as 20 legumes and fruit cans in syrup, stating that “the ideal would be to have about 100, mainly peas, chickpeas and food with vegetable protein.” Not everything is technology: there are also candles | Photo by Miguel Morales The Gas Camping is also a good idea because there are very compact equipment that allows you to heat food in this type of situations, but they are also interesting to use from time to time for certain dishes if in your kitchen you have hobbles or induction. And Miguel tells us that he spent the day with three types of food: meals prepared in can, instant noodles and fruit. Now, How do you collect that amount of cans? “During the last six months, in each purchase I have included long -lasting products. So I have not had to make a fat purchase and I have distributed the expense,” says Miguel. Of course, not everything is to have the material and there are a series of tricks to spend the day as well as possible in these situations. Sunflower oil, for example, does not work only for cooking, but to use fuel in the gas campsite if a blackout is dilated too much and you run out of gas. Canned cans not only serve to save foodbut to make homemade hornillos. Isopropyl water and alcohol garages | Photo by Miguel Morales On the flashlights, Miguel states that beyond those of focus, those that have a wide beam are more helpful to create atmosphere in a room than those that have the directed beam and there is another factor: the blackout may be or what makes us dust off the emergency kit does not catch us at home and … Read more

Without traffic lights for the blackout, Spain lived a real libertarian experiment of mobility. And it went quite well

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And at 12:32 p.m. on April 28, 2025, Spain went black. We knew almost immediately when connections with our partners were cut of work. Computers with the Black screentrains stopped in the tunnels, frozen elevators between plants and on the street … on the street a normal life. More or less. Because beyond the tails in the Mercadona and the children running and shouting through the courtyard of school at abnormally late hours, traffic more or less flowed. No available trainsthe passengers jumped to shot traffic. In private cars, in public buses and making horsetop. More or less, at greater or lesser speed, Traffic continued flowing. Yes, we have seen that in the center of the big cities such as Madrid or Barcelona, ​​the main roads soon getting stuck. But it is also true that traffic worked with relative calm there in many other parts. It was the confirmation that traffic can flow if we put a little all on our part. And it is the confirmation of why there are those who design cross -free crossings. Traffic lights in Granada on April 28, 2025 during the national blackout A little please On March 17, 1926, almost 100 years ago, Madrid installed the first traffic light in Spain. He arrived to make “a more rational use of private cars and generally favor that of public transport, in addition to making citizen coexistence more pleasant and contributing to a greater and safer use of the street for pedestrians”, as read on municipal sides of the time. Who was going to tell us that almost a century later, the radio would concatenate connections by Spanish cities in which the return of the light to the traffic lights of the street was celebrated. It was enough to hit the ear to the transistor to feel some relief in the voice of the reporters who finally pointed out that the light had returned to the traffic lights. With the traffic lights it seemed to return normality. That red light that prohibits the passage to whoever crosses my path and leaves me free. That amber light that warns me of danger but It seems that it only shouts that accelerates. But what if normality remained without traffic lights? It is what happened in most of the country. Without lights to regulate traffic, cordiality, negotiation was imposed and we did not have to regret serious incidents. The supposed anarchy never became such and putting all on our part took control of the streets. “We install traffic lights to promote fluidity and increase speed, against negotiation and In many cases we do the opposite“The words were expressed by Román Torre, a member of the XIXONÉS OF MOBILITY and author of various articles related to mobility in cities. On your tweetreferred to a crossing in which it is observed how vehicles circulate with total fluidity. Of course, it is not a crossing with the volume of traffic that we can find in the North Zone of Madrid which, everything is said, It usually stuck with and without traffic lights. And, in fact, the tower itself indicates at the end of the thread that it is a solution “that is not worth all sites.” Click on the image to go to the original tweet However, the video does show that on many occasions the fluidity of the traffic is guaranteed without traffic lights. And, the best thing is that it is not only guaranteed, it is also a safer solution. If there are no lights, the driver is obliged to reduce the speed when approaching a crossing because he does not have the traffic light safety network guaranteeing a free track. At lower speed, a possible clash is more unlikely, it would have lower consequences and, in addition, the possibility of an outrage are reduced. The DGT contemplates How to act at intersections without priority of passage But just watch a video recorded yesterday to check how the negotiation It is imposed to give way to each car little by little, Without slowing traffic. It is something that has been studied and applied in the Netherlands. An example is that of Alexanderplein in the center of Amsterdam. There, after various studiesit was decided to eliminate traffic lights and found that despite living cyclists and trams, traffic fluidity is better than without the lights that supposedly manage traffic. The secret is to observe the rest of the traffic agents. Something similar is what is applied in Groningen where the maximum has applied for years “All green” for cyclists at 29 intersections of the city. Fully closing traffic to cars for a few seconds, it was found that if bicycles are allowed to circulate total freedom (a similar experience to do it without traffic lights) traffic is more fluid. One of the reasons is undoubtedly low speed that circulates that facilitates making decisions in very little space and, therefore, fluidity when taking one or another way. That controlled chaos is possible thanks to the fact that we move “As we would behave if we were pedestrians”, In Ford words. The company presented some time ago a solution to take advantage of communication between vehicles to eliminate traffic lights and, with them, unnecessary waiting. Without lights regulating traffic, ensures that autonomous cars They can move with total tranquility Because they reduce speed when they reach intersections and movements are safer. The point is that what humans live yesterday. Torre explains in Migijón That the absence of lights causes drivers to take the initiative when crossing the intersection instead of “obeying” the green or red light. This prevents trumpeting with a stop, an acceleration and a new detention on the next street. Obviously, without traffic lights, the car stops but applying some negotiation between drivers, the arrests are much shorter as it can be seen in their videos. Much of the secret is in that reduction in speed when approaching the intersection. No traffic light, the driver must circulate more slowly and … Read more

The precedent closest to the great blackout of Spain was lived in 2003. And it also began in the interconnected network

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Few events show our electricity dependence as a mass blackout. And few blackouts have been as extensive as the one that has affected all of Spain today. But there is a precedent of similar characteristics that still remember in neighboring Italy: the great blackout of 2003. The day Italy was dark. On September 28, 2003, practically all the Italians (57 million people) were left without light. The ruling began in the Swiss Alps, demonstrating, as has happened today, the fragility of interconnected networks. It all started at 3:01 in the morning in a high voltage line that crosses the passage of Lukmanier, between Switzerland and Italy. A storm whipped the area. According to subsequent investigations, the branch of a tree hit the wiring, causing a short circuit and its automatic disconnection. It all started with a tree. The fall of a tree should not have been catastrophic. Electrical networks are designed with redundancies to avoid it. However, the demand for energy in Italy at that time was high, and the country depended significantly on the imports of electricity in Switzerland and France. The loss of the Lukmanier line increased the load on the other interconnections. In less than half an hour, a second crucial line, that of the Paso de San Bernardino, also failed. The exact reasons were subject to dispute (Switzerland said there were overloads not communicated by Italy, Italy blamed Swiss management), but the result was overwhelming: Italy lost suddenly a huge capacity to import energy and went out. The domino effect. At 3:27 am, the country remained dark. The almost simultaneous loss of these two great energy arteries had been too much for the Italian network. The frequency of the network began to fall dangerously below 50 Hz, and automatic protection systems, designed to avoid higher damage to generators and equipment, began acting in cascade. Electric centrals throughout Italy began to automatically disconnect from the network to protect themselves. This self -defense mechanism, however, aggravated the problem: the more centrals they disconnected, the greater the imbalance between the remaining little generation and demand, accelerating the collapse. In a matter of minutes, the Italian electricity grid was completely fragmented and collapsed. The blackout affected the entire Italian Peninsula, from the Alps to Sicily. The exception? The Island of Sardinia, which has an independent power grid and not connected to the continental system (as the Canary Islands here), as well as some small border areas that received a direct supply of neighboring countries. The biggest blackout in the history of Italy. The blackout surprised Italy in the early morning of Sunday. Although this mitigated the initial chaos compared to the blackout of Spain (fewer people in public transport, in factories, locked in elevators), the impact was deep and durable throughout the day. Thousands of passengers were also trapped in trains in the middle of nowhere. Hospitals and emergency services activated their diesel generators, but the situation tested their abilities. The meters of cities like Rome and Milan stopped working. The traffic lights went out, complicating traffic. Although many mobile phone antennas had batteries, overload affected communications in some areas. In Rome, the blackout coincided with the “Notte Bianca”, the annual night in which museums open, there are concerts and night activities. Everything was interrupted, plunging thousands of citizens in unexpected darkness. The lack of electricity lasted for hours. A delicate recovery. Restore the electricity supply after a total collapse (the now famous start From energy zero) It is not as simple as pressing a switch. Italy showed that it is a slow, complex and gradual process. Many of the large thermal plants needed external energy to start their own auxiliary systems. As the centrals generate energy again, they have to synchronize perfectly in frequency and voltage with the incipient network. An error can cause new disconnections. Demand must gradually reintroduce as the generation increases. Connect too fast load can overload the newly restored network and cause another collapse. It is a delicate dance between supply and demand. Between four and 18 hours. For these reasons, the recovery was unequal. The regions of northern Italy, closer to European interconnections and with greater capacity for their own generation, began to recover electricity in about 3-4 hours. However, the center and south, especially Sicily, took much more. Some areas remained without electricity for 18 hours or more. Finally, electricity was restored block to block, city to city, in a process that extended during almost all of Sunday. The Italian blackout of 2003 remains a case study on the complexity and fragility of our energy infrastructure. A reminder that small events like a fallen tree can turn off a whole country. Image | Victor Romero (Flickr, CC BY-C-SA 2.0) In Xataka | What is the “energy zero” and why the supply can go suddenly but it takes hours to recover

NASA’s longest -lived astronaut has returned to the land in his 70th birthday. We are left without the best space photographer

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There are ways and ways to celebrate a birthday, but few like Don Petit’s. He NASA’s longest active astronaut He returned to Earth after seven months at the International Space Station just the day he turned 70. A bittersweet milestone because, although it is healthy and safe, we lose the unique perspective of one of the best photographers of space. Delicated landing in the kazaja steppe. 220 days after its launch aboard the Soyuz MS-26 Russian capsule landed on the plains of Kazakhstan Together with his crew companions, the Russian cosmonauts Aleksey Ovchinin (53 years old) and Ivan Vagner (39 years old). The landing occurred without technical setbacks, although with a small scare: Pettit needed immediate medical attention when extracted from the capsule. The cameras captured him practically motionless after landingwhich revived the debate on the Russian practice to expose the crew instead of prioritizing its intimacy, as is done in the United States and China. 70th birthday, and farewell? “When our capsule lands on those desert plains, I will be literally on the other side of the earth, almost 19,000 kilometers from home. However, I will be at home,” Don Pettit wrote from the orbit shortly before returning. A reflection that puts in perspective what ‘home’ means after seven months seeing the earth 400 km high, from the International Space Station. This has been the fourth space mission for Petit, which accumulates a total of 590 days in space. Despite being NASA’s longest astronaut, it is only the tenth human being that accumulates more time outside the earth. With 48 active astronauts in the space agencythe last incorporated in 2022, it should be thought that this could be its last mission to space. Goodbye to the ISS photographer. If we will miss this astronaut is his extraordinary ability for photography. Pettit is one of the best photographers who have gone through the ISS and during this last mission, he has given us spectacular images again: The dairy and Starlinks: one of its last captures shows the core of our galaxy and zodiac light, with Starlink satellitous steles crossing in the frame Reimaginated terrestrial landscapes: using infrared filters or playing with the reflection of the sun, Petit reveals hidden details of oceanic currents or terrestrial geology with an almost pictorial quality Atmospheric phenomena: captured impressive northern lights during the intense new year solar activity and contributed to the study of elusive “transient light events” (Tles), electric discharges on storms Long exhibition: Master of this technique, has created iconic images of stars steles or the night lights of cities turned into rivers of light by the Iss orbital movement More than photos. Chemical Training and Scientific Engineer rather than Astronaut, Pettit’s creativity is not limited to photography .. invented A cup of coffee to drink without straw taking advantage of the surface tension of the microgravity fluid. And a device that compensates for the movement of the International Space Station to obtain more clear nightcare photos on Earth. It is also Famous for his “Opportunity Science”small experiments carried out in their free time to demonstrate physical principles in microgravity. To play with drops of water charged electrostátically to freeze ice sheets To study their crystals with polarized filters in the freezers of the station. With the return of Soyuz MS-26, expedition 73 is under the command of Japanese Takuya Onishi. He is accompanied by NASA Astronauts Anne McClain, Nichole Ayers and Jonny Kim, and Russian cosmonauts Kirill Peskov, Sergey Ryzhikov and Alexey Zubritsky. In Xataka | The best photos from the International Space Station are made by the same astronaut: Don Pettit

If Nvidia lived only from PC GPUs, she would be about to die of success. And US tariffs don’t help

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During the last weeks take a family graphics card GeForce RTX 50 Nvidia without falling into the hands of speculators is a real odyssey. At the time I am writing this article the only solution of this family that is easy to find at a price close to the recommended By nvidia is the GeForce RTX 5070. As is understandable, this situation generates frustration among the players who have decided to get one of these graphics cards, as you have noticed in the comments of our articles. To understand what is happening, we are interested in taking a look at “the photograph” of the PC graphics card market. According to the consultant Jon Pedie Research During the last 2024 quarter, more than 78 million GPUs were distributed for PC, which represents a 6.2% growth compared to the third quarter of last year. Nvidia leads this market with a quota of 65%, while Intel and AMD are formed with 16% and 18% respectively. This is our starting point. Difficult times arrive for the PC graphics card market This statement of Jon Pediethe head of the consultant who I have mentioned a few lines above, describes very precisely what the current situation is: “Nvidia, with the highest market share, had difficulty satisfying the demand. And as a result of its size and influence, it prevented the GPU market Tariffs will include profits for the majority, even for everyone, for 2025 “. TSMC is responsible for producing these chips for Jensen Huang’s company Nvidia has not officially revealed how many GPUs belonging to the GeForce RTX 50 family has delivered to graphics card assemblies, but it is evident that not necessary to meet demand. The Taiwanese manufacturer of semiconductors TSMC is responsible to produce these chips for the company of Jensen Huang, but it is important that we do not overlook that it not only manufactures the GPUs for Nvidia games; also produces its chips for artificial intelligence (AI). And the production capacity of TSMC is limited. From one thing we can be sure: in the current circumstances the GPU market for AI is a priority for Nvidia. After all, it is Its greatest source of income. The Jon Peddie Research report expects that from 2024 to 2028 the general market of the GPUs will be contracted annually, and in 2030 only 15% of the computers will have a dedicated graphics card. In these circumstances it seems reasonable to assume that Nvidia and AMD will pay more and more attention to their chips for AI, and perhaps a little less to their GPU for games. Anyway, there is another fact in Jon Peddie’s statement that is worth not overlooking: The tariffs which is deploying the administration led by Donald Trump. At the moment TSMC produces Nvidia chips in Taiwan. Perhaps in the medium term diverts the manufacture of these integrated circuits to Your new US plantsbut for the moment neither Nvidia, nor AMD, nor any other client who buys TSMC his chips produced in Taiwan will be fought from the tariffs. And in these circumstances, as Peddie states, the profits of these companies will be affected. If prices do not raise their benefits will be reduced. And if they are presumably submitted less, so their earnings will also resent. More information | Jon Pedie Research In Xataka | The Singapore government has revealed which companies are involved in the delivery of GPU from Nvidia A Deepseek

If you have ever wondered what would happen if 99% of a country will run out of electricity, Chile has lived it in their flesh

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99% of the population of Chile remained in the dark. A failure in an electric transmission line caused the biggest blackout from the country in 14 years from 3:15 p.m. until after 23:00 hours. Short. Chile has seen the electricity supply interrupted in 14 of the 16 regions, from the Arica northern to the southern of the lakes in an extension of more than 3,000 kilometers that the nation travels, According to the National Disaster Response Service (Senapred). For eight hours the Chilean country was without light or connection and until midnight did not return, so the government authorities They had to decree The state of emergency and a curfew (between 22.00 and 6.00 in the morning on Wednesday) and convene the disaster risk management committee (Cogrid). The chaos. The blackout that surprised at noon generated a huge circulatory chaos, prevented banking, financial, mining and commercial activity. In addition, it put hospitals and other essential services at risk, and has already been reported at the time of writing this note The death of three electrodependent people. On the other hand, the images of the Metropolitan Region Metro Without light and People returning on footthey are already viral in different social networks. To this media have confirmed people from the Bío Bío region, Valparaíso and the city of Santiago de Chile who had to send SMS messages to communicate, the information came through the radio and the little internet (it was intermittent) reached them to use to use The X app (old Twitter), since it was the only one that worked. Regarding the coercive measures of the government, it mobilized thousands of security agents of the Military Police of Carabineros and the Investigation Police (PDI), According to the Undersecretariat of Defense. For the moment There is no record of acts vandalism or serious accidents, but the national air traffic with delays and agglomerations has been affected. The blackout. The president of Chile, Gabriel Boric, He went to the country at 10:00 p.m. from the Palacio de la Moneda by contingency before the power of electricity supply. In this speech to the population, Boric explained that the blackout was the product of A fault of the Isa Interchile company and there was a massive cut in almost the whole country. From the National Electric Coordination (CEN) they reported that the interruption of the electricity supply was produced by a disconnection of the 500 kV transmission system in the North Chico. Through this situation, the service recovery plan was activated to reestablish electricity, but it did not begin to reach up to 10 p.m. and after four attempts, they had not succeeded. The president of the Board of Directors of the CEN, Juan Carlos Olmedo, confirmed that disconnection It was due to “an unwanted operation in the protection and control systems of the line (which the Isa Interchile company manages).” And he explained: “The electronic systems did not operate the way it should have operated.” The vulnerability of the system. Isa Interchile, a subsidiary of the Colombian company Isa, plays an important role in electric transmission in Chile, being responsible of infrastructure such as the New Maitencillo Line – New Pan of Sugar. The electrical system in Chile is composed of different private companies that generate and distribute, but a failure in these infrastructure can affect the electricity supply nationwide. The recent blackout has shown The vulnerability of the electrical system Chilean, no It is obsolete. However, when concentrating into a few hands and an interruption in a key infrastructure can generate chaos nationwide, highlighting the need to reinforce Resilience and diversification in the country’s electrical system. Affected a pillar of the economy. The world’s largest copper mine, hidden from BHP, ran out of electricity, confirmed to Reuters. Also the state copper mining company Codelco confirmed in a statement to media That all their mines were affected, leaving the largest, the Lieutenant and Chuquicamata, without electricity, while the smallest mines could partially operate using support generators. Similarly, the Antofagasta Minera was able to continue working. A day after the blackout. Recently, Interior Minister Carolina Tohá, has announced at a press conference that the government has raised the state of exception by catastrophe, together with the curfew. However, the minister explained that the uprising of the measure “does not affect the regions of the country in which we have a state of emergency exception, particularly the Araucanía region and much of the biobío, which are with an emergency state by security reasons, this does not affect the deployment of military personnels that we have on the border (north). ” Image | Pablo carved Xataka | There are so many Australians with solar panels in their roofs that the electricity grid has been one step away from the abyss

The “hypercarnivore” that lived 30 million years ago and today focuses the attention of paleontologists

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The Egyptian paleontologist Shorouq al-Ashqar and her team were about to conclude their work in the archaeological site where they worked when they noticed something that caught their attention. As explained by Al-Ashqar, it was teeth of considerable size that stood out from the rock. Bastetodon Syrtos. The teeth belonged to the fossilized skull of a mammal of about 30 million years old and belonging to a species so far unknown. The team responsible for the finding has cataloged the new species He has given him a name: Bastetodon Syrtos. The “almost complete” skull found has allowed the team to obtain valuable information about This new species. For example, let’s heal the animal would have had a size similar to that of modern leopards. B. Syrtos would have belonged to the order of the hyitodontes (Hyaenodonta), an already extinct group of mammals related to that of carnivores (Carnivora), The group in which there are species present such as cats and hyenas. The name Hyaenodonta It makes reference to these animals since, despite not having a direct relationship, the shape of the teeth of the extinct order is similar to that of the teeth of the modern species. Hypercarnivorous diet. The skull It has even served to get an idea of ​​what this animal ate. The team indicates that B. SyrtosIt would have been what we know as a “hypercarnivore” (this time in a non-taxonomic but strictly food sense), an animal whose diet would have consisted of at least 70% of meat. This species would have been, their discoverers believe, on the cusp of the “food pyramid” in its ecosystem. The team presented its finding Through an article In the magazine Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Etymology of a name. The choice of name is a wink in the history of the country in which it has been discovered. The Egyptian goddess Bastet embodied, Explain the teamprotection, pleasure and good health. Bastet was represented well as a cat well as an anthropomorphic figure with a feline head, similar to that that members of the newly discovered species could have had. “-Oode,” on the other hand, it is a usual suffix in zoology that means “tooth.” The fayum. Thanks to its oasis, the fayum is one of the few areas where the water dyes green the land beyond the Nile Valley, which makes it a key region for agriculture in Egypt. But there is another characteristic that makes this environment interesting: its deposits, both archaeological and paleontolocic. The new finding, in fact, has served to give context to some remains found in the region 120 years ago. From the skull found and fossils discovered in 1904 in the region belonging to hyitodars of a size even larger than that of B. Syrtos. They classify these remains into a different genre to what they have called Sekhmetops. Bastetodon and Sekhmetops. Until now these animals (whose new name also refers to an Egyptian god, Sekhmet) had been classified in the same group as European hyenodontes. The new classification places the origin of the two new genres, Bastetodonand Sekhmetopsin the African continent itself. According to the new study, these two genres would have expanded in successive waves from Africa to the adjacent continents and even to North America. In Xataka | They looked like mice, but they didn’t live as mice. This is what the denture of the Jurassic mammals has told us about them Image | Ahmad Morsi

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