effective

Snow is one of the few things that can delay the Shinkansen in Japan. To combat it there is a solution as simple as it is effective.

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Japanese bullet trains are known for their extreme punctuality. However, when the snow appears, neither the most cutting-edge railway system of the world is saved. And to combat it, the country’s railway institutions developed a solution as simple as it was ingenious: sprinklers installed along the tracks that spray water during snowfall. This is done to prevent snow from accumulating and wreaking havoc on the trains. We explain in detail how these systems work. Why is it important. Snow not only causes the system to stop being as punctual as usual, but it can also cause serious damage to high-speed trains. And at speeds above 200 km/h, the snow on the ground rises due to the air current generated by the train, which can cause it to compact under the cars forming ice balls that, upon impact with the ground, throw gravel into the air. This can end up breaking windows and damaging train components if left untreated. Japan has spent decades perfecting systems to eliminate this problem without sacrificing speed or punctuality. The origin of the problem. When the Shinkansen began regular operations in 1964, according to explains JR Tokai (the operating company of the Tokaido Shinkansen), construction was carried out in a hurry and “there was not enough time to consider” alternative routes that would avoid areas of heavy snowfall. In January 1965, just three months after launch, snowfall in the Sekigahara region caused serious incidentsincluding broken windows and shattered water tanks. The investigation revealed that the real culprit was speed, since the wind generated raised the snow, which ended up turning into ice projectiles under the carriages. The solution: sprinklers. To prevent the snow from rising and forming those dangerous ice balls, it was installed a sprinkler system along the tracks that sprays water during snowfall. There are currently sprinklers deployed in a stretch of more than 70 kilometers, covering the lines most affected by the snow. In 2009, the nozzles were improved so that the water reached areas that were not reached before, melting the snow more effectively. The system does not completely remove snow, but changes its consistency to prevent it from compacting and flying, thus reducing the risk of damage. It is not the only solution. The water system is complemented by other resources. During non-service hours, snow plows work at dawn to remove accumulated snow. Since 2003, rotary snow plows have been used that use rotating brushes capable of cleaning up to five centimeters below the surface of the rails. In addition, since 2013, devices with optical sensors have been used to monitor weather conditions, and there are cameras installed under the carriages to detect snow accumulations. When a snow-covered train arrives at stations like Nagoya or Osaka, there are also specialized teams waiting under the platforms with high-pressure washers to quickly remove stuck-on snow. The results speak. All of this operation has radically transformed the Shinkansen’s defenses when the snow arrives. According to JR Tokaiin 1976 there were 635 train cancellations due to snow, a figure that has been reduced to zero since 1994. The average delay due to snowfall has also improved dramatically, dropping to just a few minutes. Beyond the trains. In the northern regions of Japan, where snowfall can exceed three meters, many roads have sprinklers integrated into the asphalt. The system, known as ‘shosetsu’ (disappearing snow) or ‘yuusetsu’ (melting snow), was developed in 1961 in the city of Nagaoka by Yosaburo Imai, founder of a century-old confectionery. Imai was inspired by observing that snow did not accumulate where thermal water gushed from underground. Since then, underground pipes transport geothermal water (at about 13-14°C) to pavement sprinklers that melt snow during winter storms, avoiding the use of salt or snow blowers. Cover image | KUA YUE In Xataka | The straightest road in Spain is located in a place whose name I don’t want to remember: between El Provencio and La Roda

how effective it is to get vaccinated

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Spain is experiencing a flu epidemic which cannot be compared to that of recent years, since this season the increase in infections has multiplied considerably, especially in Madrid or Catalonia. The responsible for this is a new subvariant of the H3N2 influenza virus called ‘K’. And this has made us ask many questions, such as whether vaccines work or not. The figures. The flu epidemic is generally recorded throughout Spain, but not homogeneously. In the regions of Catalonia and Madrid, the curve is presented as a true vertical line that reminds us of the worst of covid. But the good news we have in this case is that hospital or ICU admissions are not increasing significantlyas pointed out by the Carlos III Health Institute. The weapons we have. That there are many cases of flu at this time is normal. That is why we have tools such as vaccination in the last months of the year to try to control infections or at least reduce symptoms in the case of contracting the disease. The problem is that viruses are very ‘damn’ and have the ability to easily outwit vaccines. making changes to its structure. In this way, we train our body to fight against a virus that subsequently has small modifications that mean it cannot fight it 100%. To try to alleviate this, flu vaccines count in their preparation with the most common strains of the flu virus (that is, its different types) so that we can fight them. Especially considering the variants that existed in the previous season. Graph of cases in the Community of Madrid in Primary Care The ‘k’ variant. It blew up all the prevention plans that were made in our country, causing the virus to have a small modification that makes our body unable to fight thanks to previous training. Something that could confirm the WHO and the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control which after testing in the laboratory They saw that the virus has an easier time bypassing the first defense barrier. But it works. This is where the vital nuance comes in to avoid falling into alarmism. And even if the virus manages to infect us, the vaccine continues to fulfill its main function: preventing us from ending up in the hospital or ICU. Something that matters (a lot) for older people or those who have an illness that reduces their defenses. Despite that “escape” in the laboratory, preliminary data from the real world, coming from the UK (UKHSA) and endorsed by the ECDC, provide reassuring figures on the effectiveness of the vaccine, since in children the effectiveness remains between 70-75%and in adults hospitalization is avoided 30-40% of the time. Why are there so many cases? As we say, the current situation means that the virus can be transmitted without problem, and we have a vaccine that, although it protects against ending up in the hospital, does not stop transmission. This causes many people to be sick, but without a significant increase in mortality or hospital admissions that strains our system as we live in Covid. You have to get vaccinated. With all this data, the conclusion we can draw is that it is advisable to get vaccinated. Something that we already see in the different communities that encourage us to do it with massive campaigns that monopolize to the entire population and not only those that present some risk like the older ones. This also adds to the obligatory that some autonomous communities have established to wear a mask in health spaces such as a hospital. At the national level, only the recommendation to do so prevails. What should be noted is that children are undoubtedly the most important group in this case. This is because they are very prone to becoming infected by being in contact with other children, but their system responds well and they do not present major symptoms or they take a long time to develop. The problem comes when you can spread it to your entire environment where you can find older people like your grandparents. This makes them perfect vectors for this virus. Images | National Cancer Institute Nikita Broutman In Xataka | Spain has spent years vaccinating only the elderly during flu seasons. Now he has decided to change it

Speaking in English to a baby still in the womb seems like an absurd idea. Science has just discovered that it is effective

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We have long known that Babies recognize their mother’s voice from the womb and who show a preference for their mother tongue a few days after birth. However, now we know a little more thanks to studies neuroimaging studies that have confirmed something we intuited: the brain of a newborn is prepared to recognize foreign languages ​​if it has heard them in the womb during gestation. The experiment. To reach this conclusion, a team from Sainte-Justine University Hospital in Montreal recruited 60 pregnant women from monolingual French-speaking families. From here they did two different phases: prenatal exposure and brain analysis after birth. Prenatal exposure. In this case, a group of 39 fetuses was selected and exposed to recordings of a story during the last month of gestation. To do so, the mothers placed headphones on their abdomen so that the fetus could hear the story in its native language, which was French, and also in a foreign language, which was German or Hebrew. These languages ​​were chosen specifically because their rhythmic and phonological properties are very different from those of French. The second group, of 21 fetuses, acted as a control and did not receive any experimental exposure, hearing only the French of their natural environment, which is what happens in any type of normal pregnancy. Brain analysis. A few days after birth (between 10 and 78 hours), the brain activity of all these newborns began to be monitored while they listened to the same story in three languages: French, German and Hebrew. To do this, they used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), a non-invasive technique that measures changes in blood oxygenation in the brain to see which areas are activated. The results. They were certainly surprising. The brains of newborns reacted almost identically to their native language and the foreign language they had been hearing in the womb. In both cases, an increase in activity was observed in the temporal regions of the left hemisphere, which is a key area for language processing with Broca’s area, among others. In contrast, when these babies heard the completely new foreign language (the one they had not heard before), their brains showed a different response, with less activation in language areas and more activity in general sound-processing regions. The conclusion. This finding suggests that the fetal brain not only hears, but “learns” to recognize the patterns of a language, which causes a specialization of the left hemisphere. One of the authors point specifically that “Our results provide evidence that even brief prenatal exposure to a foreign language could make it recognizable to neonates, leading to brain activation patterns similar to those observed when listening to their native language.” Anne Gallagher, a neuropsychologist at the University of Montreal and lead author of the study, qualifies the concept of “learning”: “We cannot say that babies ‘learn’ a language prenatally. What we can say is that neonates develop a familiarity with one or more languages ​​during gestation, which shapes their brain networks at birth.” Understand development. These findings reinforce the idea that a newborn’s brain is not a ‘blank slate’, but that the gestational environment contributes a lot to its brain development, since its brain processing begins here to be shaped before birth. However, experts caution that this study should not be interpreted as a guide for parents to expose their babies to multiple languages ​​in order to make them more intelligent or multilingual. But it does give us an idea of ​​how this important characteristic is developing. Limitations. The study, while revealing, also has its limitations, such as a relatively small sample size that prevented, for example, directly comparing responses to German versus Hebrew. Still, it shows that even brief, repeated exposure to linguistic stimuli can modify a newborn’s language brain networks, laying the foundation for future development. Images | Volodymyr Hryshchenko In Xataka | When the first meal is not porridge, but a chop: the rise of carnivorous babies

A Spanish company wants to convert the chitamiedos into biker allies. Promises to be as simple as effective

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We are not going to discover anything if we say that chitamiedos are one of the great dangers for motorists and cyclists. For years solutions of all kinds have been sought. Among them have been proposed and installed Save them With double protection, Some even padded To absorb the impact and above all, eliminate the blade effect from the supports. There are also tubular options that follow that same logic of double and lower protection but avoiding the small pillars that can curtail members. Now, a Spaniard has presented a new addition that does not imply a new design of the cloakrooms. In this case, the objective is that emergency services can act faster and, therefore, some times that can be crucial when an accident is suffered. A connected alternative The system is called Plugsmart Pro And it is devised by the University University of Valencia (UPV) in collaboration with the Valenciana Metalese company is based on a similar idea. In this case they use artificial intelligence, environment monitoring systems and bidirectional signaling to alert drivers in real time. The system Analyze Constantly what happens around them and changes their lighting to warn drivers, bikers or cyclists that they approach a dangerous place, in complicated conditions or that there is some obstacle along the way. To do this, use some lights connected to each other that are installed on the wore. These emit a certain halo of light but when the weather conditions are complicated, the light takes strength. It is the simplest function because the truly interesting is in the monitoring of the environment. If the guardraíl detects that another vehicle is approaching, the flashes become more visible to alert who is on the other side of the curve. Also if, for example, there is a damaged vehicle, an injured person or an animal is crossing the road. If the system detects a dangerous object, the intensity of light increases. The invention has won the Ponle Brake Prize for Innovation in Road Safety in 2024 and this year the National Award Award for Conservation Safety. The companions of Motorpasion motorcyclethat from the DGT have already shown their support for the system. And it is that when the last great advantage of the system is that it can notify emergency services in case of accident. The latter is one of the incentives that the DGT has wielded to convince us that the V-16 lights that will be mandatory as of January are better than the classic triangles. That is, the system alerts drivers, cyclists and motorists that They approach a danger and its light adapts to signal its risk. But, in addition, it comes into contact with the authorities in case of detecting a blow with the intention that the response time from the accident warning to its performance is as much as possible. Photo | Miraxh Tereziu and Metals In Xataka | Spain has a problem with old motorcycles: they neither pass the ITV nor are they a maintenance day

Their brakes have a lot of posture and little effective

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No one doubts the effectiveness of the Xiaomi Su7 Ultra. But more and more details that make us ask ourselves if the most special sportsman of the Chinese firm dresses with too much paraphernalia. The last thing we know Apuna to it, with disc brakes that, in reality, hide a minimum size pills. Gold seems. But stop, it does not seem that in front of everything I should. And it is that the disassembly of the brakes of the Xiaomi Su7 Ultra has shown that what is hidden under its huge housing is, in fact, some little larger brake pills than those of a Seat Ateca. And, although its housing is huge and stands out behind the tires, the truth is that its brake pads seem to be infradimensive for the weight and power of the vehicle. “There is more decorative clamp that really brakes,” explain our partners from Motorpasion. Overheating. The clash of influencer tang zhu liao che behind the wheel From an Xiaomi Su7 Max, which mounts very similar brakes, already gave the alarm. Trying to look for his best time in the Shanghai Tianma circuit, the driver ran out of brakes due to an overheating problem, ending in the protections. The same has happened to an Xiaomi Yu7 Max in Tianjin V1 circuit, they report in Carnewschina. In this case, brakes came to support temperatures above 600 degrees which, again, caused overheating that left them unusable and even burned. Too small. Criticisms of Xiaomi do not come to lie about their brakes. What happens is that these do not seem to be prepared to endure cars of more than two tons launched at maximum speed in a circuit. This could be overcome but the truth is that the company has sold its xiaomi su7 ultra as a perfect car for circuit. To the point that he wanted to force his drivers to pass a test as if it were Gran Turismo. The point is that Xiaomi gives what it promises: Brembo brakes perforated with four pistons. However, its size is much smaller than its housing suggests. And that is a problem because at a lower disc size, It is more likely that overheating will be registered And, therefore, the brakes die along the way. And at a smaller pill size, smaller mordant. Too spectacular. It is not the first time that Xiaomi takes the colors because the elements of their electrical sports are more spectacular than effective. A few months ago, it was discovered that the competition hood that can be mounted on the Xiaomi Su7 Ultra It has no effect on driving And it is purely aesthetic. So, Some buyers demanded to the brand for deceptive advertising since they pointed out that it was one of the elements that allowed to achieve a better performance. However, the air intakes of the hood did not refrigerate any component directly and the company promised to withdraw the hood in those cases that, once the order has already been placed, they would not yet be delivered. Xiaomi defends himself. The most recent event with the Xiaomi Yu7 Max was recorded during a test in the vehicle circuit by various media. The driver, they count on Carnewschinadetected the problem in the brakes and decided to enter boxes to safeguard security. From Xiaomi, however, they defend themselves by ensuring that this happened because there was no warm -up return before the fast return and there was not a cooling turn before returning to boxes. This caused the combustion of small compounds next to the brake clamp but, according to its version, the performance remained optimal. They also explain that the return had not activated the Master Mode which activates a regenerative braking of up to 0.2 g that should help stop the vehicle making less use of the brakes. Is it so much? A little yes. And it should be borne in mind that the most powerful electric cars are, in their vast majority, huge cars because they need batteries that support their accelerations. And that forces to include brakes at the height. The companions of Motorpasion They compare Xiaomi’s Berlina with some rivals. They explain that the Chinese company does not offer concrete data of the size of its discs but it is estimated that they are around 320 mm in the Max and 430 mm versions in the ultra versions. A Tesla Model and Performancethat with its 530 hp they are far from the almost 700 of the Max and very far from the more than 1,500 hp of the ultra, it has a 355 mm discs, that is, larger than those of the Max version. A Porsche Taycan GTSwhich touches the 600 hp, mount 390 millimeters in front and 358 millimeters behind, with six and four pistons. But, above all, the difference is in the size of the pills. Not only that disc brakes are also smaller or are not so sized for power. The other big problem is that the size of the brake pill seems to approach that of a Seat Ateca instead of a supercar of more than two tons. And that, when you turn a circuit, it’s a problem. Photo | Xiaomi In Xataka | Xiaomi Yu7: Xiaomi’s second electric car is not only a technological product, it is a commitment to luxury

If you have an old PC, there is an effective alternative against the requirements of Windows 11 and the Bloatware: Flyoobe works

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With the End of Windows 10 support Scheduled for October 2025, many users face the dilemma of Buy a new team or search for alternatives to install Windows 11 in hardware that officially does not meet the requirements. Flyoobeborn from the evolution of the excellent Flyby11is presented as an integral solution to overcome Microsoft restrictions while also adds mechanisms so that the user has greater control over the operating system. A project that covers a need. Microsoft demands specific requirements for Windows 11, including TPM 2.0, Secure Boot and compatible processors. This He has left millions of computers that, although functional, they will not be able to update from Windows 10 officially once The support is for. Given this situation, tools such as Flyobe allow the most of many of the officially incompatible teams with Windows 11. How magic works. Flyobe’s secret lies in using the Windows Server installation variant, which automatically omits the TPM, Secure Boot and CPU compatibility checks. The final result remains standard Windows 11, but without the barriers imposed by Microsoft. The tool automatically manages the discharge and assembly of the necessary ISO, simplifying the entire process. More than a simple bypass method. While the classic Flyby11 version was limited to raffling hardware restrictions, Flyobe goes several steps beyond. Its main added is the complete control over the OOBE (OUT-OF-BOX Experience), that first experience you have when you turn on a new computer. Instead of accepting Microsoft’s default values, you can customize from the predetermined browser to the elimination of unwanted applications from the first start. The latest updates improve experience. Version 1.6 From the tool, which until the moment of writing this article is the most recent, incorporates a renewed interface with four clearly defined main options. It especially highlights its improved Bloatware elimination tool, which more effectively detects and eliminates the unnecessary applications that Windows 11 installs by default. It also includes an expanded application installer and text search to find specific options quickly. It is not the only alternative. Although there are alternatives such as RUFUS To create modified installation media, Flyobe turns towards a more complete option for those users who want a whole and very useful one. We also have other outstanding options such as Tiny11born with the premise of offering a lighter and lighter windows 11 for all types of devices. Flyobe brings together in the same application both what made Flyby11 shine to eliminate the requirements of Windows 11, and its new options to eliminate the system from the system and many other very interesting options. What you should take into account. Microsoft believes that non -compatible devices “have no guarantee of receiving updates.” Although in practice the majority continue to receive monthly security patches, from Flyoobe’s own page in Github warns The risk of future updates failing or Microsoft blocks access. In addition, if your processor is not compatible with The popcnt requirement or the SSE 4.2 instructions set, it will be impossible to install Windows 11, since they are essential instructions for the operation of Windows 11 24h2 and future updates. This set of instructions was already admitted by relatively old processors today, as the first generation of Intel Core i7 (2008). In Xataka | Windows 11: 42 functions and tricks to squeeze the operating system to the maximum

Repairing scratches with Mercadona’s hair lacquer is as effective as it is not recommended

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A small one in the front bumper. Another in the right rear wing. And one who did not give importance at the driver’s door and now bothers you. Small friction and damage In the body without much importance. No, at least, to call insurance, however they reduce the image of our car. Because who likes to have the car as a new one always has in those little taps, in some frictions that seemed of little entity, some notches for which they end up suffering. Here we collect some tricks to remove the lighter damage. A small without importance That is what we usually think when these types of small shocks or blows that end up leaving our cars full of notches that at first seemed to go unnoticed. To solve it there are a good number of small tricks and homemade solutions that multiply through social networks. Some more or less recommended. The first thing to consider is the depth of the scratch. If this is deep and has crossed more than one paint layer, it is best to go to a professional if you want to eliminate the same Without leaving a mark. It will be necessary to paint the area and it is essential to use the same tone as in the rest of the body so that it is not striking or obvious that something happened there. When rubbing is not deep, there are various recommendations. From Xataka We propose to get a Specific product for this task. Ha of various types. Some include a simple suede to remove the excesses of the product but others also with polisher and polisher To leave everything as new. Although this, we point out, we believe it is the best option, there are some homemade tricks that can be useful in a timely manner but that are not recommended when you want to make intensive use of them. One that has gone viral on social networks is to apply Mercadona lacquer. The idea is apply hair lacquer on the body and pass a microfiber cloth. The rubbing should disappear but the damage is done and is only a cosmetic improvement that reduces its visibility. Juliwheels on Instagram (More than 350,000 followers) Explain the process and close with a resounding “Flip how it looks.” The problem is that this type of lacquer can contain chemicals that damage the body of the car and, therefore, kill the brightness of the paint or in the worst case to cause its fall. It is not something that will happen with a single punctual application but they are risks that are being repeated in time. These types of tricks, such as using an antigrase product or Vinegar for car wheelsThey usually have little aesthetic route but, in addition, they usually damage the protective layers of the vehicle itself, putting its aesthetics at risk over time. There are multitude of similar cases. It is about applying a slight layer of olive oil, sodium bicarbonate or removing alcohol and, subsequently, conscientiously clean the surface. All of them, as we said, are remedies to get out of the way. The same can happen if we apply toothpaste, which is used as a puller when rubbing it against the surface. This last remedy, for example, is also usually used to polish the headlights of the car, something that works aesthetically but can cause dispersions in the beam of light and, therefore, worsen visibility. Photo | Volodymyr Dobrovolskyy and Mercadona In Xataka | A simple circle painted on the save lives of motorists: the project that praises the DGT but that only Catalonia tests

Solving the big doubt about the most effective supplement to sleep better: magnesium or melatotine

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Melatonin is perhaps in the most popular supplement for people with mild or occasional problems to reconcile sleep. But it is not the only one. In recent years, magnesium has become another well -known alternative, a Nutritional supplement to which we also attribute the ability to lend a hand when we have a hard time. Choosing between one and the other is not simple, There is no higher alternative To the other. Both supplements have demonstrated some capacity to facilitate sleep but the way they do differs completely. This implies that each of these supplements can be more useful in certain contexts, while the other could help us in different situations. Understanding the differences between them can help us choose in a better informed way between one alternative. The Melatonin sometimes receives the nickname of “sleep hormone.” As its name suggests, it plays a central function in our Circadian rhythmthat is, our sleep cycle. This compound is synthesized by our own body in the pineal gland and is released at night, when our senses begin to perceive the disappearance of daylight. Its function is to transmit the message that the time has come to sleep. Melatonin supplements have the objective of making this hormone transmit their sleep message to the brain even when our body does not consider that it is time to synthesize it by itself. Despite his growing popularitywe may not have heard about magnesium as sleep -related nutrient. This element is central to the biochemical processes developed by hundreds of enzymes in our body. Among these processes is the synthesization of melatonin. This would be a way in which magnesium could help us fall asleep, but perhaps it is not the main one. According to Experts explain Medical newsthis element plays a key role in tasks such as muscle relaxation. Exercise against calcium (which we use in contraction), blocking its action channels and thus helping our muscles relax. In addition, magnesium is also linked to other neutraltansmiores, such as Aminobutiric gamma acid (GABA). In this context, magnesium regulates the signs of this neurotransmitter, which again translates into “calm and relaxation.” The usefulness of magnesium as it helps when sleeping It has been observed by Some studiesbut it should be noted that there are still many doubts about their real ability to achieve this goal: some experts warn of the existing limitations in scientific literature. This was pointed out for example a systematic review of literature and meta -analysis published in 2021 In the magazine BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies. Different ways, different uses Melatonin stands out in contexts in which our cycle of vigil and sleep is disrupted. An example is the Jet lag that we suffer when changing abruptly from spindle. Adjusting our sleep cycle to a new schedule can be difficult, depending on the magnitude of change and personal circumstances. The supplements can offer us the melatonin we need to sleep at night until our body can end up adjusting to change. Magnesium, meanwhile, stands out for its help to muscle and psychological relaxation. This can help improve sleep quality and reduce the impact of anxiety About our sleep cycles. What if I combine them? Combining supplements can be an option in certain cases. According to Some experts suggestmelatonin has an advantage when helping us with “adjustments” in the short term in sleep; while magnesium has a broader range of benefits. Many of the clinical trials that have investigated the effect of magnesium on our dream have been based on trials on which a combination of substances. Combination that generally included not only magnesium but also melatonin. This strengthens the idea that this combination has the ability to help us with our sleep problems, at the same time that is also one of the reasons that skeptical experts of the use of magnesium as a supplement use. After all, if we have only proven that it works in conjunction with other compounds, we have no forceful evidence of its solo use. The side effects of melatonin and magnesium supplements are mild, but like any drug, it is convenient to meet them when deciding on a treatment. Among the possible adverse effects more common from melatonin They meet the headache, dizziness, nausea and diurnal drowsiness; But there have also been cases of vivid or nightmare dreams, short -term depression, irritability, constipation or diarrhea, among others. The side effects of magnesium are also usually mild, although also Their contraindications should be considered. The adverse effects of this supplement usually appear when consumed in high doses and usually have a gastrointestinal character, including diarrhea, nausea or vomiting. In Xataka | I put myself in the hands of some “sleep headphones” in the hope of reconciling sleep. It has come out regular Image | Vladislav Musekov / Beelith USA

China has a key technology to create a more effective antimisile shield than the iron dome: a beetle

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During the recent one Conflict between Israel and Iran There was a lot of talked about the powerful Israeli antimile defense system, known as the ‘Iron dome’. Europe too wants to build yours and United States shuffled the creation of a ‘golden dome’ that would use a satellite network and would be able to Stop hypersonic missiles. And what about China? Although they have Several antimile systems At different levels, they do not have a “total” shield like the one who wants to build the United States. What they do is a technology that, if applied, would far exceed the detection of missiles from other countries. A beetle. This kind of beetles receives that name for its ability to detect fire up to 80 kilometers away Thanks to an organ in its most sensitive exoskeleton than most infrared sensors in the market. This has been the inspiration of these Chinese researchers for their new creation: a system that mimics this same sensitivity and allows you to detect hot objects quickly and precisely. The system. During the investigation, Posted in Nature magazinethe scientists carried out several tests to verify the effectiveness of the system. In the first they built an ‘heteroestructure’ with divel -divelur, a material that offers a high absorption of the middle infrared range, and pentacene, an organic semiconductor. The device could detect radiation to an intensity of only 0.5 millivats per square centimeter, a sensitivity close to that of the beetle. In the second test they used black phosphorus and Indian seleniuro, achieving a photonic memory of 0.5 microseconds, 20,000 times faster than conventional optical storage. Capacities. Researchers affirm that this technology is able to “detect and identify objects in difficult environments, since it can penetrate obstacles such as smoke, fog and dust, providing clear images and precise detection of objectives.” In addition, it works at room temperature without refrigeration. This technology could be used in various scenarios: fire detection, autonomous driving, night vision systems and of course military environments. Antimisiles. As we said, China does not have an “dome” antimile system, but this technology could open the door to the creation of one that, According to South China Morning Postit would be much more precise than the ‘Golden Dome’ that Donald Trump wants to build. The key point is that the system integrates detection, memory and processing functions. Current antimisile systems are based on traditional silicon semiconductors and hardware separation (sensors and processors) prevents them from reaching those response speeds. Nothing concrete. Donald Trump’s ‘golden dome’ is, for now, a proposal that has not yet materialized, just like this hypothetical Chinese dome. What we do know is that China did not make any grace The announcement of this project because “it would raise the risk of converting space into a war zone and creating a career for creating space weapons.” Currently, China has several antimile defense layers: Dong Neng-3an exoatmospheric missile interception system, HQ-19 for medium-range interception and HQ-29 with antisatelite capabilities. Images | Flickr (1, 2) In Xataka | The day a missile killed 28 soldiers because the antimile defense system ignored an error of 0.000000095 seconds

The heat arrives and you want to drink cold water. Science has a much more effective idea: drink hot water

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Summer arrives and with it staying well hydrated becomes an imperative. The heat will surely make a glass of cold water even more appealing, but it is likely that we have ever heard that the water, better hot. Is it a myth or is there a reason behind? Drink water. Drinking water is the important, hot or cold, keeping our body hydrated is the main objective. Despite this, drinking hot water or cold water is not exactly the same: our body can react differently Before the stimulus. This is what science tells us about it. Better digestion. Hot infusions are a desktop classic. Coffee, tea or chamomile are usual choices to close the food, especially if it has been copious. When consuming these drinks we are, indeed, Drinking hot water. In doing so we are moisturizing our body and allowing water to help the flow of food in our digestive system. Part of the effect we owe it to the mere fact of being drinking water, but there are some studies that suggest that the temperature could play an important role in the digestive effect of this desktop habit. A Study published in 2016 Focused on newly operated patients, he observed that the consumption of hot water in recently operated in the colon had a “positive impact” on subsequent intestinal movements. Do you lose weight drinking water? In 2023, a group of researchers conducted An experiment in which a group of participants had to consume a certain amount of warm or hot water after meals, while the rest had to consume the same amount of water at a temperature without specifying the temperature. As reported by the team, the group that consumed hot water lost body mass more speed than the control group. This could explain why we associate drinks such as tea are associated with weight loss. The diuretic potential of some infusions and the benefits that others have on intestinal transit could be related to the mere act of drinking hot water, but the truth is that the tests we have are very limited, so we still cannot add the hot water to the eternal list of candidates for “miracle diet”. Cool ourselves with hot water. It may seem Little appealingbut hot infusions are a classic in some of the most scorching environments in the world. Our body is about 37º Celsius: if we consume something at a higher temperature, our body will absorb that heat. It doesn’t seem like a good plan. And yet it works (although not always). The key, The experts point outis how our body dissipates heat through sweat. A hot drink can activate nervous receptors by sending the signal that the temperature is greater than what is actually, which in turn does that our body begins to sweat and thus begin to dissipate heat through the water we expel by the skin. To sweat, of course, it should also be hydrated. When may not work? Drinking hot water to reduce our body heat can be a bad idea in some contexts, mainly When moisture is high. Moisture makes sweat dissipated, with it, avoiding it heat. Temperature and hydration. Hot or cold, we began by saying that the most important property of water is that it hydrates: our body needs this liquid to stay alive and drinks are the main source to obtain it. Now, we know that Not all drinks hydrate the sameDoes the water do it indistinctly of its temperature? Maybe not. A Study published in 2013 He calculated how the water temperature affected the rehydration process. A too hot water could induce sweat, causing us to lose some water at the same time we rehydrate. By contrast, water too cold or too hot can also make us drink less. The team observed that a better rehydration was achieved when consuming fresh water, about 16º, a temperature similar to that offered by tap water. In Xataka | It’s time to banish the myth of drinking “eight water vessels per day”, but we have a problem to do it Image | Pixabay

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