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If the question is whether a Moroccan truck driver can work in Spain, the answer is “yes, for 20 years”

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No tachograph and without speed limiter. Thus circulates the truckers who, from Morocco, can already work in Spain since last year when the government reached a bilateral agreement with the Moroccan executive so that its workers can operate in Spain. Without tachograph and without speed limiter but, obviously, with the obligation to comply with the laws in force in our country and also to pass a practical exam. What is true in the information that aimed at unfair competition in the transport of goods arrived from Morocco? The complaints. “His trucks have no speed limit” and “the Civil Guard turns a blind eye.” They are some of the phrases that can be read in the articles that point to an alleged unfair competition from Morocco. Specifically, that of Moroccan truckers who now have more facilities to operate in Spain. As read in media such as The debatesome transport associations emphasize that we are facing an illegality because their trucks have no speed or tachograph limit. In the article they complain that they do have to comply with the law but that “neither the DGT nor the Civil Guard stop them.” And that when this happens they do not pay their infractions because they declare themselves insolvent. Those complaints have also Shared some carriers that use their social networks to show their day to day and explain how their work works. Can a Moroccan truck driver work in Spain? Yes. And “there is no change since 2004,” they assure us from the DGT. “No, we are not giving away carnés from truck drivers to Moroccans,” they assure us from traffic and refer to the current regulations since 2004 When both countries signed an agreement for the partial validation of the driver’s bonds between the two countries. Then it was confirmed that those who had a current driving license in Morocco could drive in Spain. In the case of licenses C, C+E, D and D+e, a theoretical test and another practice were forced. Since 2024, that has changed and the proof is exclusively practical since “taking into account that said test is not required as a general requirement in all of the driving permits arrange How to read in the text that reflects the normative change. What’s new? Little thing, really. What has been done has been slightly flexible the regulations already in force but, as we say, those who aspire to work as truck drivers in Spain continue to have a practical test. The normative change also reflected the possibility of doing the online process instead of going to a traffic office. Once the permission is validated after the practical test on open road, the worker has to Get the Professional Aptitude Certificate (CAP). Are there more countries in this situation? Yes, many more. You can read the complete list on this DGT link. In it you can verify how citizens of some countries have to pass practical evidence, such as Moroccans or Hondurans. Guatemalans or Filipinos have to pass an additional specific exam. However, there are countries outside the European Union, such as Japan, the United Kingdom or New Zealand that have a Blanca Carta for their workers to receive an automatic validation of the driving license, whether individual or professional individuals. They do not have to pass theoretical or practical evidence. Is it true that their trucks have no tachograph? Yes, it’s true. The breaks are regulated in this case by the Circular instruction 01/2016 on tachograph and driving and rest times. It is specified in the document that will be applied “regardless of the country where the vehicle is enrolled.” How do you control then? Moroccan drivers are obliged to demonstrate that they have rested, at least 9 hours in the 24 hours prior to their entry into Spain, as specified in the International Road Transport Agreement and Merchandise Signed on October 3, 2012 between Morocco and Spain. If they cannot demonstrate this rest, they will have to do it when the border is overcome. Is it true that your trucks have no speed limiter? Yes, it’s true. That does not mean that they can happily exceed speed limits. In this case, the Civil Guard is responsible for monitoring said vehicles and economically punish offenders as it happens, for example, with any driver who skip traffic regulations. Is Spain the only country that has an agreement with Morocco? No, although alone Italy has a bilateral agreement with Morocco that allows the licenses to be redeemed to Moroccan truckers. Of course, in this case they do not have the obligation to overcome exams of any kind, or practical or theoretical. Other countries do allow these people to maintain a professional license but force to overcome various tests or temporary licenses are issued after a few months. Photo | Caleb Ruiter and AFKER MOIZ In Xataka | That the DGT is going to fine you with 135 euros for driving only in your car sounds bad. The only problem is that it is false

Streaming has been chasing shared accounts for years. The AI does not have that problem: our conversations embarrass us

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Dylan Patel He has nailed it. He says he never paid for Netflix or HBO because he always parasitized alien accounts, but now he has subscriptions to Chatgpt, Perpleplexity and Gemini. And without sharing them with anyone. We have been watching Netflix, Disney, Spotify and company setting devices, home verification, SMS codes to verify that you are the one who pays, geolocation to confirm that you live where you say living. A surveillance device for Avoid cases in the ten relatives enjoy what only one pays. There is a lot of money spent on anti-comparting technology, they have eroded experience. And yet, the accounts continue to share. Total, what else does your brother -in -law know what have you seen ‘The squid game‘This weekend. With the generative AI, no control system is needed. Shame does all dirty work: Nobody wants a partner to discover that he asks ChatgPT to how to write a sad three -line mail. Nobody wants your partner to read the conversations at two in the morning where you consult what to do before a vital and intimate doubt. The history of a Chatgpt or Claude account is an intimate, professional and personal newspaper in equal parts. A record of many insecurities disguised as Prompts. Something too revealing happened recently: When Openai charged GPT-4o for the arrival of GPT-5 there was a small revolt. Too many people had become accustomed to a warmer and more empathetic chatbot (perhaps more servile and complicating), and did not want to lose it. Openai had to reculate. There were people confessing without shame that he needed to recover his digital confidant, to That imaginary friend who will be imaginary but does not judge or yawn. Who always has time and is able to remember every detail of previous conversations. The imaginary friend of the 21st century. IA platforms have discovered the perfect business model: you don’t need to spend money on locks when People prefer to pay before admitting to what extent it depends on a machine. Or let others see their intimacies. Netflix, Spotify and the rest will continue to invest a lot in complicating the lives of those who share their account. Openai only needs to continue believing that no one else talks to Chatgpt As you do. And they are right: nobody else asks him the same shameful things as you. That is why none share the account. In Xataka | Chatgpt has been a tool. If you start remembering all our conversations, it will be something else: a relationship Outstanding image | Solen Feyissa

‘Louie Louie’ looked like a harmless song. Until the FBI examined her two and a half years in search of obscenities

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It is very possible that there have been numerous songs in the history of pop that have deserved a exhaustive monitoring by the FBI. When rock’n’roll was considered a poison that destabilized youth, The songs abounded qualified by parents and educators as obsceneeven many that today sound harmless. But none reached the extreme of being investigated for two and a half years by an incomprehensible letter … In case the flies. In 1963, ‘Louie Louie’, a modest song performed by The Kingsmen Group and that was a previous version of Richard Berry in 1955 It became one of the greatest successes in the history of pop music. Sold millions of copies, forming such a notorious phenomenon that He caught the attention of FBI himself. The reason? The lyrics were so confusing that it suggested that it could include pernicious hidden messages. And that the original trail of the song came by long. Berry, in fact, had inspired a Cuban bole The title ‘El Loco Cha-Cha’. The lyrics of Berry’s version He talked about A sailor who sails back to Jamaicawhere his girl awaits him. Its simplicity (a single riff throughout the song) made Berry himself value it too much and sold the rights to the Flip Records record. In this way the song would circulate as a repertoire song, with groups like The Wailers versioning it before The Kingsmen. Interestingly, the singer of these, Jack Ely, had only heard the song once previously in a Jukebox And the melody caught badly, with what The Kingsmen song is slightly different from all the abovereceiving a special air, as a counterpoint touched. When his manager saw that the band spent an hour and a half concert playing only that song, he decided that he had to record it urgently. For that same reason, it was decided that they would try to recreate the sound of a live interpretation, hang the micros from the ceiling and with all the instruments sounding at the same time. The recording was full of problems: Ely wore orthodontics and was barely understood. And the instrumentalists did not listen to their voice, so each one goes to their air: hence the famous mistake in the 1:57 minute, when Ely advances to his entrance after the single and the battery filled his mistake with a redouble while the rest of the musicians continue. They believed that it could be correct, but there was no time to record more shots. To positive. The FBI arrives The success, which led the song to sell a million copies in its first year of life, of course, caught the attention of different associations of parents and leagues of decency that they wanted to ban it for its indecent content. Although no one was very clear about what exactly the indecency consisted. Because The singer was not even remotely understood. Although imagination could distinguish a slight Fuck Murmured half -song. The Governor of Indiana ended up prohibiting its dissemination in 1964 for its “obscene content”, which redoubled its attraction for youth. The politician came to say that his ears “buzzed” when he listened to the song, which undoubtedly turned the film into a demonic object. This triggered moral panic and led the song to get the attention of the government. The inquiries They ended up to the FBI: Cryptographers were hired by analyzing each sound And, of course, the singer was interrogated on numerous occasions. Officially, the FBI declared that the song was “incomprehensible at any speed.” But to heal in health, the seal that had edited the song published in the magazine ‘Broadcasting Magazine’, oriented to professionals and the industry, the full lyrics. So that there would be no trace of doubt. But the thing would not be there: a letter from an enraged father because of a letter “so obscene that he could not replicate it” caught the attention of Attorney General Robert Kennedy and the director of the FBI, J. Edgar Hoover. The investigation reopened, interviewed Richard Berry, the Kingsmen (curiously, there was no talk with Ely, who had left the band) and the record staff. Two and a half years later, the FBI concluded that the letter was so cryptic that it did not admit interpretations, and therefore, it was not obscene. In 2005, when ‘Louie Louie’ had become an impeccable monument in rock history, the controversy fled: the superintendent of a University of Michigan prevented the orchestra from playing ‘Louie Louie’ in a local march. There will always be paranoid delusions among high educational positionsIt is seen. Today the song is considered an icon whose influence on current rock is impossible to quantify: 4,000 versions of the theme have been counted and figure without possible discussion, again and again, in the periodic lists of the best songs of all time. Nothing bad to have been forbidden by the FBI.

The disaster was such that for 40 years it was silenced

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Spy stories And authentic paws weather will be many, and we are sure that we do not know a good number of them. However, few can approach what happened in one of the most famous and majestic mountains on our planet. There a peculiar excursion took place several decades. Everything that could go wrong, went worse. In fact, Plutonium is still there. For those who do not know what we are talking about, NANDA DEVI It is the Second High Mountain in India and the twentieth third in the world, with a height of 7,816 meters. It is not just any peak, since it has a deep cultural and spiritual meaning, especially in the Uttarakhand region, where it is considered sacred. The area surrounding Nanda Devi has been recognized for its unique biodiversity as a World Heritage by UNESCO. The park protects a variety of species and is an example of the wealth of Himalayas. In addition to its natural and cultural importance, the enclave has been a symbol of adventure and mountaineering. Since his first ascent in 1936, it is a challenge for mountaineers around the world. On the other hand, its ecological fragility has restricted the region to protect its environment. This last point, as we will see next, was not always the case. Hopefully nature is not vindictive … The first nuclear test Not far from the mountain, in October 1964, the First nuclear test in China In the immediate vicinity of Lap Nur Lake, a region that bordered the Kuruk-Tagh mountains. This test was followed by several tens and put on the US on alert. The CIA investigated how far the Chinese were advancing. Two years before, China had defeated India’s army and those first evidence were an example of power and strength. The American agency concluded that they were staying behind in the nuclear race in a delicate context such as the cold war. And not only USA, India felt inferior after its border defeat. The alliance between the two countries soon arrived. What did they do? In an era where there was no satellite espionage technology like the current one, both nations signed A secret pact to combine efforts and spy on Asians. As? Literally, sending secret agents to the field “battle”. In other words, sending spies to the confines of the world, to some of the most imposing mountains on the planet where Chinese nuclear tests were being carried out. If the idea seems somewhat movie, it is because it is. The proposal of both nations consisted of using some of the mountains of India from which to see what they were doing from the Chinese side. It may seem naif, or even innocent, that the espionage agencies of both countries watched with good guy watch another nation thousands of kilometers for the simple fact of being in one of the “peaks” of the planet, but history shows that it was so, and In 1965 the “Master” plan was given green light. The CIA begins to search and recruit the spies that would bring the plan to fruition. One of them was Robert SchallerMedicine student in Seattle to which a proposal worthy of a Hollywood film is sent. They needed A doctor in Himalayas With experience in electronics and mountaineering, a combination of requirements that took them to the student, the first on the list that was filled. When the team had formed, intense training in a secret enclave began for months. Together with Schaller there were a large number of celebrities who were going to become citizen spies like him. For example, the famous Yosemite climber, Tom Frost, or the one who was going to be the captain of the expedition and famous mountaineer for the expeditions to Everest, Mohan Singh Kohli. Others were not so well known, but they were elites, researchers or teachers whose knowledge in nuclear technology put them at the service of the secret alliance between the US and India. We are not talking about normal training, of course. After the first tests the level was raised for several months with jumps from a helicopter, or demolishing objectives with explosivesthey even managed Experimental Atomic Energy Hardware that had been developed exclusively for the mission. Last and not least, the team had to prepare for the ascent crawling next to the mission material by the Alaska cliffs. A year after the first Chinese nuclear test, this team of intrepid citizens turned to spies is ready. All are found in the sanctuary, a kind of natural strength of the summits that surround the Nanda Devi, the final objective. A detail nothing trivial: until then, only six people had managed to make a summit in the peak, and of those six, only three had managed to go down alive. Be that as it may, the plan continued with an unexpected partner. It had not been revealed until then, but the team had to ascend with an extremely heavy surveillance package, a monitoring system that required atomic energy to work. We talk about An artifact containing a 19C Snap generator which converted the heat of the plutonium into electricity, which subsequently allowed monitoring possible nuclear activity (in this case, of China). Climbing with plutonium If up a mountain with the right material is a complicated activity, with an atomic artifact of extremely heavy motorization was a matter of faith. In addition, we talk about types that came from very different fields, many very poorly prepared for such a physical mission, no matter how much they were training for months. Therefore, during the day the artifact made their lives impossible and advanced up the ramps as turtles. However, at night the thing changed, and The device was able to provide extra heat to spies. And, inside the generator, there was enough plutonium to feed the surveillance system for more than a thousand years, which for practical purposes would mean that both USA and India could monitor the Chinese for centuries. During a … Read more

In 2015 Scotland launched a route to revitalize highlands through tourism. Ten years later they have a problem

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The story dates back to 2015. Those who know the details that with the support of the then Prince Carlos already through the North Highland Initiativean ambitious project was launched to economically reactivate remote highlands from northern Scotland. To that route the They called North Coast 500but they did not measure the impact it was going to have an “old acquaintance”. The birth of myth. He project A very clear lines had a decade ago. On the basis of existing roads, a circular route of 830 kilometers with start and end in Inverness, conceived as a Scottish version of the mythical American Route 66 Route. The promise It was double: To energize the economy of small forgotten locations and offer the traveler an unforgettable experience between castles, abrupt coasts and virgin landscapes. In their early years, the numbers confirmed success: a 26% increase in visits to tourist information centers and up to 30% in local attractions. In 2018, a study calculated that the route generated more than 22 million pounds per year For the region. That comes tourism … mass. Success, however, brought consequences unwanted. The massive arrival of caravans, motorhomes, sports cars and motorcycles overflowed precarious roads and little prepared peoples, turning them into a sound hell. What was initially presented as an economic impulse ended up being perceived by many residents such as An invasion: Prairies razed by barbecues, paths turned into improvised toilets and fragile ecosystems, such as the habitats of Atlantic Frailecillos, disturbed by reckless tourists. The route Untenable. The lack of basic infrastructure (parking lots, toilets, wastewater discharge points) derived from garbage spills and human waste in private properties and in constant interference in those fragile habitats such as those of the frailecillos. The accidents increasedaggravated by visitors little accustomed to a single lane roads or to the fact of driving on the left. In fact, the official data They show a rebound of serious collisions caused by American tourists. Meanwhile, the mythical port of Bealach Mountain Na Bàwith its curves closed to more than 600 meters high, it became a dangerous funny for Motorhomes oversized. The massive tourism paradox. The prosperity provided by the NC500 is unquestionable: thousands of Linked jobs to tourism and the rescue of rural business that would otherwise have disappeared. Accommodation owners recognize that without the route their companies would not have survived, especially after the pandemic. But that economic bonanza lives with the perception of an authentic “Seasonal invader” that alters the rhythm of life of the communities. Daily coexistence with caravans parked in the windows of the houses, rallies at high speed or campists carving trees to make fire has fed an increasing discomfort, channeled in Facebook groups such as NC500 The Dirty Truth. For many, the brand has become Hostage of large companies that explode it without responsible for cultural and environmental damages. Local and future responses. The situation has led to the NC500 already appears on the blacklist of Fodor’s Travel destinations, which He advises it for “unsustainable popularity.” Given this, authorities and promoters try to recover balance with campaigns Like Press Pausewhich seeks that the communities themselves decide how to promote their territory, and with the hiring of rangers that patrol and educate tourists. The company NC500 LTD. has introduced In addition a “traveler commitment” on its website, with More than 4,000 signaturesto promote environmental and social respect. However, the background It is complex: How to make the appeal of a route that has placed north of Scotland on the world map with the need to preserve its identity, its nature and the daily life of its inhabitants? The Highlands dilemma. If you want too, The NC500 Encarna a global dilemma which we have spoken a lot: the tension between the economic benefit of mass tourism and the erosion of what makes it desirable. In this case, the risk is that the “last wild border” of Scotland becomes a saturated showcase, unable to support either its visitors or its communities. For some stores, the answer goes through Limit the flow of tourists and reinforce infrastructure. For others, for accepting that the Highlands culture It will inevitably change under the weight of international tourism. Between the enthusiasm of the business and the frustration of the residents, the NC500 remains an uncomfortable mirror: a dream of rural development that threatens to destroy what made it possible, the majestic serenity of some lands that everyone now wants to travel. Yeah William Wallace looked up would not give credit. Image | Fabian to Scherschel, Lauren Friedman, ThincatNC500 The Dirty Truth In Xataka | After expanding throughout the planet, touristification has reached Antarctica. And it is already taking its toll In Xataka | Decades ago the cities of Europe joined to capture tourists. Today they allied to the opposite: throw them out

How to store data for 100 years

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Think for a moment: if you could send a file to the future for someone to open it within 100 years, how would you make it sure that it is still readable? That is the real challenge: the devices and formats that we have at our disposal were not designed to survive beyond A few years. Today’s technology tends to plan the immediate, without taking into account that physical supports degrade and that the formats evolve. For something to last a century, more than choose a storage support. Neither hard or SSD discs are prepared for long -term conservation. According to Backblazethe annualized failures (AFR) rate of 2024 was 1.57% and some models reached around 4.5% in short periods. These values, of course, are assumed for daily operation, not for a horizon of a century like we point to. In SSD, the ability to keep the data stored when it is not active or connected to energy falls with temperature and wear. He JEDEC standard Jesus218A can help us understand the scope: it demands at least 1 year at 30 ° C For conventional units and 3 months to 40 ° C in units oriented to business environments at the end of useful life. Once again, they are useful as operational copies, not as a centenary passive file. Far from being obsolete, The magnetic tape is still a large -scale file pillar. LTO offers estimated durability of decades in good condition and a cost per competitive terabyte for “cold” storage. Organizations such as CERN Document of tape libraries with planned migrations. The market accompanies: in 2024 176.5 EB of compressed capacity, 15.4% more interannual were sent, more interannual, According to the consortium. The counterpart is clear: it requires compatible hardware and constant supervision. Among the optical supports, Worm discs They still have room. The M-Disc paid well in accelerated aging testsbut the projections of centuries or millennia are Laboratory extrapolationsno independent consensus. In practice, we talk about decades and modest capabilities: useful as a legible copy with a compatible reader, little suitable for large volumes due to its slow writing. Sometimes, the most advanced is not digital. The permanent role regulated by ISO 9706 and the microfilm with Le-500 qualification in ISO 18901They are still in force for critical documents. Its advantage is clear: they are read with light, without depending on software or energy, and have defined regulatory frameworks and storage requirements. Different regulators demand Le-500 for certain uses, which maintains these means in the “mix” of preservation. They are not worth Petabytes, but they are still reliable for the essential. One of the great enemies is obsolescence. That is why many institutions plan format migrations before they are without compatible software or hardware. Many times, however, they must resort to techniques such as emulation To recreate old systems. It is not so different from what we see in the world of video games, when access to certain platforms is fading over time. Beyond the present, there are developing technologies with centuries. Project Silica, from Microsoft, records laser quartz glass data. The company speaks of “tens to hundreds of thousands of years” of potential life. And, as we saw a while ago, he did a test storing ‘Superman’ (1978) in a 75.6 GB glass piece. DNA storage is another of the options tested in research environments. They are promising lines, still far from the general use. Extending the life of the data does not depend only on support: budget, responsible and measurable objectives is needed. Governments and organizations already have plans to preserve long -term information, which implies well -defined strategies and periodic reviews. Today, when we talk about digital information, the great challenge is to save it in non -experimental supports that endure the passage of time without continuous supervision … and that can be read within a century. Images | Xataka with Gemini 2.5 Pro | Microsoft In Xataka | Online games have made their preservation complicated. The solution can be what this video game has done In Xataka | SSD, NAS, cold storage units: all physical and digital options to store teras and teras

We have been listening for years that “a glass of wine a day is good for health.” Science is clear that

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Many times we have heard that “a glass of wine a day is good for our health.” We have also heard that “the Recommended alcohol amount It is zero”Who is right in this debate? The debates about the benefits and prejudices of a food are not exclusive to fermented drinks such as wine or beer. The relationship between eggs and cholesterol is a classic example but we can also find apparent contradictions regarding the consumption of coffeehe rice or the potatoes. Human health has many dimensions and our nutrition is very varied (even the poorest diets involve the consumption of a wide range of compounds present in the ingredients of the product or in their additions). Studying in detail The effect of each product is difficult precisely for this reason. That is why science often advances slowly, with the succession of seemingly contradictory studies that are actually simply refining the aim. However, the accumulation of these experiments is granting us a better idea of what happens in our body when we consume alcohol, even when this consumption is restricted to “a glass or two” wine. To better understand the debate, we can start asking us, what is good for wine? The idea that wine can be beneficial to our health is mainly based on polyphenolsnon -nutritious substances but with antioxidant capacity. These compounds present in grapes of which the wine is fermented, they can be beneficial to our health. The problem here is that There are non -alcoholic alternatives where these compounds are also present, such as must or grape itself. In part due to these compounds, it is usually attributed to wine Potential benefits About our cardiovascular health. Experts believe that this improvement could be due to the fact that these compounds favor the reduction of blood pressure and reduce cholesterol. Still there is some discrepancy in this regard among the different studies. A drink with risks Cancer is One of the main risks that are associated with excessive alcohol consumption. AND There are several types of cancer which have been associated with this consumption: in addition to the liver, alcohol consumption has been linked to oral cavity cancer, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, colorectal and, in the case of women, with breast cancer. “The response to whether the relationship between alcohol consumption and cancer risk is clearly established is that there is sufficient evidence,” said Marina Pollán, director of the National Epidemiology Center, in statements collected by Science Media Center (SMC) Spain. The risk, of course, “is proportional to the amount of alcohol ingested, being lower for moderate consumption.” But beyond cancer, excessive alcohol consumption has been conventionally linked to the appearance of the Hepatic cirrhosis (which can also lead to cancer). This disease It arises with the formation of “scars” in our liver, and can also be caused by hepatitis. While we link moderate consumption of wine to an improvement in heart health, alcohol consumption can have an opposite effect. This has also been related to the appearance of alcoholic myocardiopathy, arrhythmias and other heart problems. It should not forget the relationship between alcohol consumption and mental health problems such as addiction itself, being able to exacerbate existing problems. Various studies made in recent decades They have pointed out Alcohol as psychoactive substance More harmful In social terms. One of the most outlined studies in this field was carried out in the United Kingdom and Posted in 2010. Posted in The Lancetits results indicated that this was not so much to the damage it generated in the individual (in this sense it was overcome by heroin, the crackand methamphetamine), but for its social cost. However, these risks are generally manifested after consumptions that we consider “excessive”, in contrast to “moderate” consumption that is often promoted. The problem is that, beyond social conventions or recommendations perhaps without excessive scientific foundation, we do not know if there is such a thing as moderate consumption. According to the Monograph Alcohol 2021. Consumption and consequencesof the Spanish Observatory of Drugs and Addictions, this border does not exist, or in the words of the text itself: “There is no level of risk consumption free of risk.” That is why the health authorities speak not of “moderate” consumption but “low risk” consumption. The risk is never zerobut it is possible to keep it low. And how much is considered “low”? According to the report limits of low alcohol risk consumption, this would be two standard drink units (UBE) in men and one in the case of women. These “standard” measures are equivalent to 10 g of alcohol or, in terms of wine, approximately a 100 ml glass. It is not the same to ensure that moderate alcohol consumption is compatible with a healthy life than to say that this moderate consumption is beneficial to health. Nor is it the same to say that wine can generate a specific benefit in our well -being with ensuring that this possible benefit can be greater than the risks involved in this or other alcoholic beverages. As we pointed out at the beginning, alcoholic beverages (like any other food) contain a myriad of compounds, some harmful, other beneficial for their operation. The general consensus is that the damages of compounds such as alcohol are superior to the benefits that others such as polyphenols can provide. In short, a glass of wine a day can hardly kill us, but We must be aware of the risks They are associated with her. As always, a balanced diet and an active life can always help us reduce our risk of suffering certain diseases, perhaps even helping us to compensate for these small excesses that we can incur. In Xataka | The forbidden dish of Italy: a cheese so extreme in its preparation that the European Union had to put limits In Xataka | The industry has determined to coin the “healthy ultraprocesses.” Science is clear about what is behind Image | Helena Lopes *An earlier version of this article was published … Read more

It was built on an artificial island and has been sinking for years

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At the end of the 1960s, commercial aviation was booming. The first civil aircraft with Turbofán engines, such as the Douglas DC-8 and Boeing 707they were redefining the rules of the passenger air transport game. As a result of this scenario, many countries in the world began to boost changes for a future where flights would multiply. Then In Japan they believed than the Osaka International Airportwhich operated for the Kansai region, would not be able to deal with the growing air market. Expanding its facilities, however, was not a plausible option. Due to a series of residents demands, the government had established strict operating standards to this airport. An airport on an artificial island To avoid limits as a limited operating schedule and the impossibility of carrying out an ambitious work to expand the existing airport, it set out to build “A second Kansai airport” The project was advancing, little by little, during the following years. In order to avoid the noise pollution of the planes of that time it was concluded that the new airport should be at least three kilometers from the coast. Under this premise, The works began in 1987 five kilometers inside Osaka Bay. Kansai International Airport To shape the artificial island they were made multiple excavations in adjacent mountainous areas in order to obtain sufficient material to fill the site. Every day, from 4 in the morning until the afternoon, the members of the land project used machinery to throw thousands of cubic meters of rock on the seabed. Osaka Bay Marine bed The oceanic relief of this area is made up of a surface layer of 20 meters thick called Holocene layer. Then comes a layer of hard clay and gravel of many meters thick, which can be divided into upper and lower level parts. These layers usually yield when they are under pressure, And the builders knew it perfectly. Kansai International Airport with its first phase (left); With its two phases (right) The first phase of the project was designed by the Italian architect Renzo Piano and began with the construction of a landing floor and a passenger terminal in 1991. To compensate for the sinking of the same, special columns were installed with base metal plates to support the weight of the structure. Opened its doors to the public in September 1994. Four months later, The one that was considered one of the most expensive and complex civil works in history He received his fire test. On January 17, 1995, the Asian country was beaten by the Kobe earthquakewhose epicenter stood several kilometers from the airport. The structure resisted with slight damage thanks to its advanced antisismic design. In 1996, the construction of another track and passenger terminal was given green, second phase that demanded a good amount of years to complete. In 2007 it was partially inauguratedwhich allowed a limited service and, in turn, decongest the other parts of the airport. Since then, the airport has starred in several improvements and maintenance works. Boeing 747 at Kansai International Airport The ability of those responsible for the project to carry out a work of such magnitude has received praise throughout the world. In 2001 he was awarded the prize “Millennium Civil Engineering Monument“From the American Society of Civil Engineers. But it has also received an avalanche of criticism, mainly at its cost of realization. In 2008, Kansai International Airport had consumed more than 20,000 million dollars. Many of the expenses derived from the necessary tasks to mitigate the sinking of the artificial island. In 1994, the sinking rate was around 50 centimeters per year, although it is currently by below 10 centimeters. Engineers have resorted to a system of sand drainage to address the problem of sinking. The same consists of placing sand piles in the clay area that allow the water to escape and clay to harden. Since the beginning of the project, 900,000 piles have been installed that, in the light of the data, seem to be fulfilling their function. Images | Wikimedia (1, 2) | The Kansai International Airport | Google Maps | Ken h (CC By-SA 2.0) In Xataka | It is assumed that the US is already developing the successor of the legendary SR-71. It is supposed because everything is super secret *An earlier version of this article was published in August 2024

During World War II, Australia sent an ornitorrinco to Churchill. Died on the trip and 82 years later we know why

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In 1943, a camouflaged ship departed from Australia to England with an ultrasecreta load to the peculiar: An ornithorrinco called Winston, a diplomatic gift for British Prime Minister Winston Churchill. The creature died during the trip and for 82 years a German submarine was blamed. Some researchers They have discovered What really happened. Winston was not loaded by the Germans. Australian students They have resolved the enigma After examining the archives of the naturalist David Fleay, who captured the animal. The boat’s temperature records reveal that Winston died due to thermal stress by crossing Ecuador, not because of enemy attacks. Temperatures exceeded 27 degrees Celsius for a week, well above the survival limit of the species. Why Australia gave an ornitorrinco. In the middle of World War II, Australia felt abandoned by Great Britain while Japan approached the Pacific. Australian Foreign Minister Herbert Evatt knew that Churchill collected exotic animals and thought that an ornitorrinco, a creature that many considered at the time a taxdermic hoax, could tip the balance in favor of Canberra military support requests. The trip that should never have done. Winston was captured near Melbourne and embarked on a specially designed container, with burrows lined with hay, Australian stream water and 50,000 worms for the 45 -day path. David Fleay, the naturalist in charge, opposed from the beginning: no ornitorrinco had ever survived such a long trip and exports of the species were prohibited. The cause of “official” death. When Winston appeared dead in his tank, Churchill wrote to the Australian prime minister expressing his “pain” for loss. To avoid a diplomatic incident, death was hidden for years. When it finally came to light, the version that the Ornitorrinco had died from the stress of the attacks of the German submarines, a story that Fleay himself supported publicly. The clues of the logbook. Harrison Croft, a doctoral student at Monash University, agreed to files in Canberra and London that included interviews with the caretaker of the Ornitorrinco. “They made a kind of autopsy and he was very concrete: there was no explosion, everything was calm on board,” Croft explains. In parallel, an Australian museum team Digitized the collection Fleay staff, where they found the daily temperature record that revealed the real cause of death. Ship’s logbook. Image: Australia Museum Ornitorrincos Based Diplomacy. Australia tried again in 1947, sending three ornithorrincos to the New York Bronx Zoo. Betty died soon after arriving, but Penelope and Cecil managed to arrive healthy and saved to the country, even becoming authentic celebrities and a hook for the press at that time. The media expected them to be reproduced, but after a four -day “romance”, the thing did not go as expected. Image: Australia Museum The way to reproduce from an ornitorrinco is fascinating, since they are monoturem mammals, which means that, despite being mammals, they put eggs. In fact, they are one of the only five species of mammals that do this (the other four belong to species of Equidas). So when they saw that Penelope did not end up reproducing, it became a fun scandal at the time. In 1957 he disappeared mysteriously and Cecil died the next day of “broken heart”, according to the press. Since then, Australia strictly prohibited the export of ornitorrincos. Only two have left the country In 70 years, both to the San Diego Zoo in 2019. Cover image | Yousuf Karsh and Michael Jerrard In Xataka | If Spain believes that velutinas are a problem is because it does not know what the US has found: radioactive wasps

The Chinese industry has been pulling the prices of solar panels for years. Now 30% of its workers are on the street

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Chinese solar panel manufacturers achieved a crushing domain of the industry with a relentless recipe: mass production, constant improvements and increasingly low prices. Now that they have left out European and American competitors, The whole world depends on its technology. However, this apparent success story hides an internal crisis with serious consequences: a INSUSTANIBLE PRICE WARmillionaire losses and the silent dismissal of tens of thousands of workers. An unprecedented overproduction. Between 2020 and 2023, the Chinese government redirected huge resources of the real estate sector, then in decline, towards what it called the “three new growth industries”: solar panels, electric cars and batteries. This bet unleashed a fever of new factories and Colossal dimensions solar parks. The result was an unprecedented overproduction. According to Reutersthe world now produces twice as much solar panels it needs, most manufactured in China. This market saturation caused a collapse of prices to the point that many companies They started selling below their costs To give out to the stock, a situation that has been aggravated by the war of tariffs with the United States. The Chinese solar industry lost the amazing figure of 60,000 million dollars last year. The human invoice. The least known consequence of this crisis, despite the fact that companies They asked the government for a rescueIt has been a drastic reduction of personnel. The financial reports of the five largest photovoltaic companies in China (Longi Green Energy, Trina Solar, Jinko Solar, Ja Solar and Tongwei) reveal a 31% reduction of their templates, which means that they left 87,000 employees on the street. This figure is a mixture of direct layoffs and non -renovations due to salary or hours cuts. Diseases are a politically very sensitive issue in China, where employment is seen as the key to social stability. Therefore, none of the big companies have officially announced these massive template reductions. With the exception of Longi, who recognized a 5% cut of the template. Beijing tries to stop the bleeding. The main producers created an entity similar to OPEC to control prices and offer, But it didn’t go well. Before the disaster, the Chinese government took action on the matter. In early July, President Xi Jinping asked for the end of the price war. In addition, a fund of 7,000 million dollars was created to buy and close about a third of the lower quality solar panels in the industry. Is it enough? According to a Jefferies analysis, it would be necessary to eliminate at least one 20-30% capacity manufacturing for companies to be profitable again. However, many Chinese provincial governments, evaluated for their ability to create employment and economic growth, are reluctant to apply drastic cuts that affect their local companies. Image | Jinko Solar In Xataka | Neither in Taiwan, nor in China: the plan to manufacture the purest semiconductors in the world is to go to space

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