prohibit

The Ministry of Consumer Affairs wants to prohibit them for children under 16 years of age

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For years, Spain (the West, in general) has had a problem with energy drinks. According to 2025 data, 38.4% of students from 14 to 18 years old declares having consumed them in the last 30 days. And so it shows in sales: last year 105 million liters were sold; which represents a growth of almost 39% in the last four years. And today, the Ministry of Consumer Affairs has just announced that wants to take action on the matter. As explained, it will prohibit the sale of energy drinks to children under 16 years of age and will impose an additional restriction for drinks with more than 32 mg of caffeine (per 100 ml) up to 18 years of age. Does it make sense? Is it a real problem? Will the ban help? What does the Ministry want to do? For a start, Consumption wants transfer to the legal level something that was already explicitly indicated in the recommendations of the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition. Something that also already applies in specific environments and areas of the country. However, the regulation has details that will merit detailed analysis. For example, the threshold of 320 mg/L is striking in one context (the european) that sets notices starting at 150. Above all, because a gray area will be created for drinks labeled “high in caffeine” that can be sold to minors under 18. We will have to read the details of the rule to study its implications, but what does seem certain is that, with this step, Spain is going to enormously simplify one of the big problems that its regulation had on this issue: the disparity in minimum ages throughout the country. And that, we hope, will simplify its approach from social policies and public health. But what’s the problem with all this? The image of kids with huge 500 ml cans and bright colors has become ‘normal’ and the growth is enormous (in the United Kingdom, where we have longer series, the consumption of these products increased by 155% between 2006 and 2014). And how says the Spanish Food Safety Agency (AESAN), “the consumption of more than 60 milligrams of caffeine in adolescents aged 11 to 17 years (about 200 milliliters of energy drink with 32 mg of caffeine/100 ml) can cause sleep disturbances.” And this is just the beginning of the problems it can cause. “From 160 milligrams of caffeine (500 milliliters of an energy drink with 32 mg of caffeine/100 ml), (the consumption of these drinks) can cause general adverse health effects: psychological effects and behavioral alterations and cardiovascular disorders.” An invisible health problem. Because, as we know, lack of sleep is related to immunological problems, metabolic, cardiovascular, emotional and cognitive; with disorders such as diabetes or of the obesity. It leads us to be more tired and irritable, raises our stress levels and makes us take more risks and make more mistakes. None of this means that we are going to develop one of these diseases from consuming energy drinks, but it is clear that it puts us in a complicated situation. Above all, because it coincides with what we already know from other sources. “Energy drink consumption, even infrequent, was associated with several negative health indicators. Reporting of several health-compromising behaviors increased with frequency of energy drink consumption.” They are the conclusions by Maija Puupponen and her team at the University of Jyväskylä. And how explained Julio BasultoTo begin with, these drinks are correlated “with a significant increase in the likelihood of insomnia, nervousness, anxiety, depression, impulsivity, and poor academic performance, among others.” As if that were not enough, its frequent consumption can generate “hypertension, loss of bone density, osteoporosis, poor psychological, physical, educational and general well-being, among other consequences.” But the problem goes beyond health: it is cultural. And energy drinks have become a “prestigious” cultural practice among young people that is linked to an enormous amount of risk behavior. Nobody wants to compare it with tobacco, of course: but the truth is that many of the psychosocial mechanisms involved They have everything to do with tobacco. At some point there had to be a national debate about this and better sooner than later. Image | Diego Calabresa In Xataka | It’s not just sugar, hundreds of industries try to deceive us: we have a problem and it’s time to look for solutions

prohibit using manure in winter

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So essential for life as problematic. Spain is a very clear example of this duality: the drought because lack of waterthe rains for days in a row because they make the reservoirs overflow and data centers they want to join that reality. If we go to the United States, water is also a problem, no because there is more or lessbut because it is contaminated. Guilty? Agricultural runoff. And there are already states prohibiting farms from fertilizing in winter. What’s happening. The United States Environmental Protection Agency, the EPA, has classified the industrial agriculture as the main source of deterioration in water quality in rivers and aquifers in the country. There are several factors, but excess nitrogen, phosphorus and other elements from fertilizers and manure are leaking into large rivers, rural aquifers and coastal areas such as the Gulf of America Gulf of Mexico. They estimate that each year 12 million tons of nitrogen and another four million tons of phosphorus are applied in the form of fertilizers. There is another waste: manure on livestock farms. The problem? These products infiltrate the earth, reaching groundwater. In winter, no fertilizer. This is something that occurs throughout the year, but in winter something very curious happens: in areas where it snows or freezes, these nutrients and sediments do not infiltrate into the groundwater (which is already bad), but when the snow melts, they drag the harmful products into the rivers and lakes. It is something known as surface runoffand what causes an excess of nitrogen in rivers and lakes is the proliferation of algae and aquatic plants, which consume the oxygen in the water, resulting in hypoxic zones in which fauna cannot live. There are two alarming cases: Gulf of Mexico: Remnants of fertilizers used in the Great Corn Belt of the Midwest flow down the Mississippi into the Gulf of Mexico, forming one of the largest dead zones on the planet. Midwest Rivers: In rainy years, nitrate concentrations have far exceeded what drinking water should have for dozens of days in a row. Consequences. But as we say, this also happens in aquifers, especially in private wells that are less monitored than those belonging to the public system. For example, a report from this year estimated that 90% of nitrate contamination in Wisconsin drinking water is due to that agricultural runoff. The study noted that 10% of the state’s private wells exceed the legal limit for nitrates. In intensively agricultural areas, the rate is 20 to 30%. And chronic exposure to these nitrates has been associated with cancer, pregnancy complications and even the “baby blue“, or childhood methemoglobinemia. That is to say: it is not just an environmental problem, it has escalated to something that affects public health. Reactive ban. And this has led some states to begin take cards in the matter. In direct response, states such as Michigan, Maryland, Ohio and Vermont have made various prohibitions on the use of fertilizers, manure and fertilizers in winter. Generally, they will begin in mid-December and will extend, depending on the state, until March 1 or April of next year. The restriction is unpopular among the agricultural sectors, but the problem is that it is a reactive measure and not a proactive one. That is to say: the damage has been done, what is sought is that it does not get worse. Change of agricultural model. At the federal level, however, the strategy is not direct regulation and prohibition, but rather incentivizing farmers to voluntarily adopt more sustainable practices. Departments like the USDA or NRCS are managing financial and technical assistance programs for farmers to optimize their crops, change practices or plant new crops of “coverage” that absorb excess nitrogen. In the end, it is complicated because the country has chosen one path, each state is facing the problem in a different way and agriculture/livestock are priority sectors in the United States for both own consumption and for export. And what does the EPA say? That fertilizers are applied in the right amount and at the correct time of year. And also that the animals graze away from streams. In Xataka | The US has a toxic well with tons of contaminated water. They are turning it into a gold mine for rare earths

prohibit purchases to invest

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Catalonia is studying the pros, cons and viability of a controversial measure to alleviate the residential crisis: restricting the purchase of houses that are acquired as an investment. At the moment it is just that, an idea analyzed by a work group constituted by the Government of Salvador Illa and the Commons, but it has generated expectation. The team has started working this week at the headquarters of the Territory Department and its objective is to have a first report between end of year and beginning of 2026facing the next step: thinking about how to translate it at a legislative level, with proposals that will have to be transferred to Parliament. “An immediate response must be given,” they claim its drivers. “Unfair competition”. The idea is to stop (at least in part) the deep imbalance between supply and demand of housing and the residential crisis that the community is experiencing, like other regions of Spain. According to Idealista, only in the last year has Catalonia seen prices increase 7.1% in the rental market and 9.7% in the purchase and sale. Against that backdrop, compounded by the pressure of vacation rentals and seasonal contracts, the community has been the scene of demonstrations in defense of the right to housing. From Comuns they even talk about the “unfair competition” exercised by investment funds that acquire properties “for cash” (the party remembers that 60% of purchases in Spain are made without a mortgage involved) in search of good returns. The objective of the Government’s working group is to stop this ‘leak’ of apartments to avoid “speculation” and keep them on the market available to families who want to live in them. In short: avoid “speculative purchase”. Click on the image to go to the tweet. Is it something new? The creation of the working group yes. The idea and the resolution of the Government, no. A few weeks ago Illa already advanced his intention to “in-depth” study the possibility of restricting apartment purchases that are made for speculative purposes, not to be used as housing. Probably the most belligerent formation on the matter, however, is another: the Comuns, which a few weeks ago advertisement his intention to take that same crusade to different administrations in Catalonia, including a proposal in Parliament to limit purchases. Actually the idea doesn’t come out of nowhere. It is based on a report recent commissioned by the Barcelona Metropolitan Strategic Plan (PEMB) and prepared by the jurist Pablo Feu, expert in administrative and urban law and professor at the University of Barcelona (UB), which addresses precisely that issue: whether or not it is “legally viable” to put limits on those home purchases that are made with an investor mentality, not to convert them into homes and use them as residences. “It’s viable”. The document is interesting above all for two reasons. To begin with, because its author concludes that the veto of this type of purchases may have legal protection. The second, because it makes it clear that a series of conditions related to the context must first be met. “The report concludes that it is feasible to restrict the acquisition of real estate for speculative use, a practice that, according to the recent jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court, can be limited in the face of ‘the exceptional situation of loss of the right of access to housing by the majority of the population,’” the PEMB states in its release about the study. But what does the report say? That like the limitation of rental prices, the veto must respect certain conditions: it would apply only in Stressed Residential Market Areas (ZMRT), provided for in the Right to Housing Law of 2023 and where it would only be allowed to acquire housing for “habitual and permanent use” of the buyer himself, which reduces any investment approach. “The objective is to stop speculative operations that contribute to emptying urban centers and raising prices above the purchasing power of the population,” they reflect from the Pla Estratègic. The small print. The report also talks about certain “exceptions”, a fine print that seeks to ensure the “balance and proportionality” of the ban. For example, it contemplates that entire buildings can be acquired as long as their apartments are rented as “regular rentals” for a certain period of time, keeping them out of the vacation market or seasonal rentals. How long would that limitation last? The PEMB speaks of between five or seven years, depending on whether an individual or a company purchases. The purchase of second homes outside the town where the owner resides would also be allowed, even in areas considered “stressed”, but the operation would be conditioned on a crucial requirement: that the house or apartment be dedicated to personal use, not to rental or investment. The Newspaper assures There is another exception related to those who buy for close relatives. And the legal reserve? The report released by PEMB is just that, a report, a theoretical document presented just before the Government and Commons working group is formed, but it contains a few interesting ideas. The study focuses on the “stressed market” areas and in Catalonia (at least that was the case a year ago) there are some 271 municipalities with that consideration. A significant number of locations that would cover almost 90% of the population. The other reason is that its author insists on the legal fit of the proposals. “Public administrations can intervene in the real estate market. It is a possible measure because it has justified cause and because it is delimited in space and time,” Feu claims. The study in fact ensures that the measure could be transferred to both the regional and state and local levels, “taking advantage of the powers that already exist in terms of housing and urban planning.” Regarding the international scene, the entity assures that there are no doubts about its fit into community legislation. “Countries such as Denmark, Croatia, Finland and Malta have already implemented similar measures,” … Read more

More and more countries want to prohibit minors from using social networks. Denmark makes a move

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Should minors have social networks? The debate is raging and more and more voices are advocating a total ban. Australia has a law on the table that will prevent minors under 16 years of age from using social networks and our french neighbors They have also shown their inclination to follow this path. Now it is Denmark that makes its move. what has happened. The Danish government has reached an agreement to ban social media for those under 15 years of age. In statements to the Associated PressDanish Prime Minister Caroline Stage has assured that 94% of Danish children under 13 and more than half of those under 10 have profiles on social networks. “The time they spend connected to the Internet, the amount of violence and self-harm to which they are exposed online, poses too great a risk for our children,” he stated. The measure contemplates that parents who wish may authorize their children to access social networks from the age of 13. Why is it important. Denmark becomes the first European country to agree to such a ban. The ban could take months to take effect because they want to tie everything together. According to Stage, “We must ensure that the regulations are adequate and that there are no loopholes that technology giants can exploit.” The European position. This summer several countries, including Spain, approached the European Commission to request a ban at the European level. The commission’s response was clear: The ban must be carried out by each country, there will be no common prohibition. However, the EU is developing the European Digital Identityan app to identify ourselves when carrying out procedures and that will also work as an age verifier. How will they do it. The plan is to use Denmark’s electronic ID system, although they have not given many details on how it will work. The Prime Minister talks about forcing technology companies to “carry out appropriate age verification, and if they do not do so we will be able to enforce the regulations through the European Commission and ensure that they are fined up to 6% of their global income.” Pajaport. In parallel to the debate about access to social networks there is also that of porn. Spain announced the Beta Digital Wallet, known as ‘pajaporte’ to limit access to porn by minors. At the moment it is not in force, but there are other countries that have similar initiatives that are already underway, such as France, where its implementation caused the closure of Pornhub in the country. The United Kingdom is another of the countries where you have to identify yourself to watch porn. The traffic of Pornhub plummeted 77%, so it seems that the measure had an effect. However, the huge growth of VPN tools It suggests that many users could be masking their location to bypass the ban. Doors to the field. Using a VPN is a way to bypass restrictions, and in the case of access to social networks by minors it could also be an option to bypass the restriction. There are still many doubts about how it will be executed on a technical level, but with easy access to the screens and the ability of some children to avoid limitationsdoes not seem like an easy task. Images | Pexels 1, 2 In Xataka | Neither TikTok nor Instagram until the age of 16: Spain will raise the minimum age to register on social networks in two years

The country seeks to prohibit them in 2027

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It is almost always a detail that comes to get chest from the ‘technological’ which is a car, promising greater aerodynamics or simply an aesthetic decision not to shave the doors, but it is also an issue that entails its risks. We refer to retractable handles that have been conquering high -end vehicles for a good time. In China They study prohibiting them from 2027and the reasons go beyond aesthetics. The background problem. Popularized by Tesla And massively adopted by premium manufacturers, retractable shooters are added on many occasions because they promise better aerodynamics and a cleaner design. However, according to Testing of the Chinese Institute C-IASIthey only work correctly in 67% of the lateral impacts, compared to 98% of traditional mechanical handles. The figures. His aerodynamic contribution is practically insignificant, as they point out information of the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), since they barely reduce between 0.005 and 0.01 points the air resistance coefficient. This translates into an energy saving of 0.6 kWh per 100 kilometers, equivalent to some cents by route. In return, they add between 7 and 8 kilos of electrical mechanisms to the vehicle and cost three times more than a conventional handle. When technology fails. The cases Documented In China the worrying problems that these elements can cause in vehicles: from occupants trapped after flooding, to delays in frozen handle evacuations in winter, also passing through drivers forced to break the windows of their own cars. An electrical failure, a disconnected battery or the engine of the blocked handle can be enough to turn the car into a trap. “Many passengers of the rear seats do not know where to find or how to activate the emergency system,” They report From Bloomberg in an article focused on the retractable handles of the Tesla. The Chinese effect. The Asian giant, the first world market for electric vehicles, could change the rules of the game. The country proposes a regulation where only conventional or semi-scamoteable handles with emergency mechanical solution is allowed. Since developing both systems in many manufacturers is an unfeasible solution, a prohibition in China could mean the almost universal disappearance of this type of cranks. Beyond the handles. Europe also moves in this direction. From 2026, the Euro NCAP program will not grant five stars to models that integrate vital functions only through tactile interfaces, without physical controls. In China this was already a reality, demanding physical buttons for certain essential functions. The immediate future. Some manufacturers They have advanced: Volkswagen and Audi already favor semi-scamoteable handles with mechanical backup cables. Wei Jianjun, executive director of Great Wall Motor, also publicly denounced “the uselessness and dangers of retractable handles.” It is very possible that, if Chinese regulations continue, we will see fewer cars with these handles in concessionaires around the world. Cover image | Matt Smith In Xataka | They have arrested the ‘ghost’ pilot who was driving on the highway with a car: dozens of patrols and a helicopter have needed

The US every day trusts less than China. Now plan to prohibit the use of submarine cables of Chinese origin

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The distrust held by the US and China is absolute. And probably both countries have solid reasons not to trust the other. After all, they are struggling to get world supremacy. The last sample of distrust has been put on the table the nation led by Donald Trump. And is that the Federal Communications Commission, known in English as FCC (Federal Communications Commission), wants to ban submarine cables of Chinese origin used to connect USA with the rest of the planet. This American institution is responsible for regulating interstate and international communications by radio, television, telephone, satellite and cable, so it has power to execute a prohibition like this. In fact, Brendan Car, the president of the FCC, holds in a statement That his intention with this measure is to defend the integrity of the US Internet connection infrastructure in the face of the security threat that China represents. This initiative is also supported by the Plan “America First” that the Trump administration officially launched in February this year. In the current context, submarine cables are more important than ever “Submarine cables are the anonymous heroes of global communications. In fact, they transport 99% of Internet traffic,” Brendan Carr assures in its statement. “As the US builds the data centers and the infrastructure necessary to lead the world in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) and next -generation technologies These cables are more important than ever. “Although it does not express it clearly, Carr’s statement contains a very important message that we cannot overlook. “We have witnessed how submarine cable infrastructure has been threatened in recent years by foreign adversaries, such as China” What the FCC fears is that China, which is climbing at full speed in the manufacturing industry of submarine cables, uses its technologies to spy on the US. Currently the companies that lead the production of these cables reside in France, Italy, USA and Japan, but HENGTong Group, Zhongtian Submarine Cable, Orient Cable and Dosese cable, All of them Chinese companiesThey are increasing their competitiveness and market share. Car proposes to adopt a double approach. On the one hand, it aims to encourage the use of US repair and maintenance of submarine cables, as well as completely reliable technologies from foreign countries. And, on the other hand, it aspires to discourage the use of Chinese technology in global infrastructure by imposing additional restrictions on its use in any underwater cable that connects to the US. “We have witnessed how submarine cable infrastructure has been threatened in recent years by foreign adversaries, such as China,” Brendan Carr in its statement. This is not at all the first time that the US launches an initiative to prohibit the use of Chinese technology in its communications infrastructure. In fact, in 2019 the Donald Trump government prohibited using telecommunications equipment manufactured by Chinese companies ZTE and HUAWEI. This was one of the most important chapters of the conflict held by the US and China for almost a decade. More information | Tom’s hardware In Xataka | 2025 has started with another cut cable cut. The problem is where and the suspect: in Taiwan and China

France is the most radical country against technology among children. And now it plans something extreme: prohibit social networks

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“We must ban social networks to children under 15 years.” This blunt was the French president, Emmanuel Macron, speaking before the TV cameras. The measure It would be a pioneer In Europe, which studies initiatives in this regard, but there is a problem: France’s regulatory role is having negative consequences For companies and users. What happened. The statements of the Gallic president occurred after the Tuesday tragedy In a French school: a 14 -year -old boy stabbed and killed a member of the teaching staff. As they point out In EuronewsIt is not clear if this attack is associated with something that the teenager had seen on social networks. No knives. Macron intends to prohibit social networks to children under 15 “in the coming months” if there is no progress in a similar regulation at the European level. The tragedy in Nogent’s greate Indian that “a 15 -year -old can no longer buy a knife on the Internet. That means we are going to impose massive financial prohibitions and sanctions.” And either of social networks. But the highlight was that intention to ban social networks, something that even announced in X said intentionIn addition to stating that platforms have the possibility of verifying age to be able to implement this type of control and prohibition. Actually the message is not new: said exactly the same thing more than a year agobut the recent events and European inaction have re -promoted those intentions of Macron. They are already doing it with porn. On June 7, the law that forces pornographic platforms to verify age of users. The objective, prevent minors can access this type of content. But it is not going well. As a consequence of these measures, services such as Pornhub, Redtube and YouPorn have decided to leave the Gallic country and stop serving there. According to those responsible, this regulation is inefficient and potentially violates users’ privacy. Also propose a solution Device dependent and in which Google and Apple would have to make some modifications to their operating systems. The struggle of minors and screens. France was a pioneer in 2018 when prohibited mobile phones in schools for students under 15 years. Other countries They followed the wake, but the country continues to alert the dangers of the screens for the minors. In fact, a process was recently initiated to try prohibit the use of any screen (Mobile, but also TVS or computers) to children under six years. According to French experts In pediatrics or child psychiatry, not doing so exposes them to permanent damage to brain development. Spain, in the line of France. In our country the future law of the minor advocates Prohibit registration on social networks of children under 16 yearsclimbing the current limit two years. There are also measures to limit access to technology according to age, and for example from zero to three years the use of children should be prohibited from children, while from three to six years it is advisable except exceptions and under the supervision of an adult. The Spanish “pajorto”. The Government of Spain also launched a year ago The implementation of the Beta Digital Portfolio, popularly known as “Pajorte”. It is a mobile app that will theoretically serve to perform age verification and thus avoid or mitigate access to pornographic content by minors. Its implementation is limited, although the platforms that are already implementing it have detected A colossal fall of its traffic. Europe begins to move card. As they point out In politicianthe European Union has raised a proposal led by Greece and France and Spain as great support. In it the objective is to establish a new regulation to significantly limit the use of social networks by minors. According to the project, minors could lose direct access to networks Like Tiktok or Instagram and would need parental permission to visit these platforms. Denmark, which will occupy the presidency of the EU in the next six months, is in favor of these measures Image | Anthony Choren | Mary Borozdina In Xataka | There were two paths to regulate technology in children: the government has chosen the one with zero screens

In 1914 Russia decided to prohibit vodka to stop alcoholism. It was a disastrous decision

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Exists A legend (not confirmed) that said that, when the final surrender of Nazi Germany was known in World War II, the jubilation with which it was held in the Soviet Union is counted as one of the drunkenness more epic in the history of ethyl celebrations. The myth did not stay there, since the story said the Victory Day It led to the closest to a “national alcoholic blackout”, leaving the nation Without vodka in just 24 hours. The truth is that, whether or not, it makes all the meaning of the world. They came from a prohibition that had resulted. An ancestral relationship. Counted in an extensive Report The Atlantic that the Russian inclination towards alcohol has religious and political roots. In 988, the Prince Vladimir chose orthodox Christianity in part for not prohibiting Alcohol consumption, unlike Islam. During the 16th century, Ivan the terrible established the first state taverns (the calls Kabaks) that they became Fiscal monopolies. In less than a century, a third of Russian men I was indebted With these drink houses. Already in the 18th century, Pedro the Great consolidated that institutional dependence: not only tolerated the alcoholism of his subjects, but punished wives They tried to get their husbands out of the taverns, and recruited ethyl debtors for the army. Arrived at the nineteenth century, the State obtained almost half of its income from the sale of vodka. Far from being an externality of the system, alcohol would be said that it became its collection engine. In this context, the Tsar was going to make a decision of Ajundia. Imperial abstinence. According to Timethe history of the Russian prohibition not only precedes the famous Dry American Lawbut it constitutes one of the most transcendental (and fatal) decisions of the Tsar Nicolás II. It happened in September 1914, when a few days after the death in combat of his cousin, the prince Oleg Romanovthe Tsar sent a telegram to his uncle Konstantin Konstantinovich announcing the definitive suppression of the state sale of vodka in Russia. That gesture, which apparently responded to a moral conviction and a personal loss, dismantled one of the pillars Economics of the Empire: For centuries, the State had maintained a lucrative monopoly on alcohol, generating up to a third of its income thanks to sales to the peasantry. When renouncing that source of financing just at the threshold of World War I, Nicolás not only unleashed a deep fiscal crisis, but also fragile social contract between the throne and its people. Nicolás II Catastrophic consequences. The problem was not only economic. The measure was adopted at a time when the empire tried Revict your prestige After the defeat in the Russian-Japanese war of 1905, where alcoholism among soldiers was indicated as a decisive factor of military collapse. Collective drunkenness during mobilizations and the front had been so notorious that even the Káiser Guillermo II He came to declare that in the next conflict he would win the nation that he least drank. Under that impulse, the ban seemed a strategic decision, aimed at disciplining the army and facilitating mobilization. And, indeed, Russia initially deploy troops quickly and obtain some early victories. However, the price was elevated: by suddenly depriving millions of people of their usual consumption in full war and without social compensation mechanisms, a deep resentment Between peasants, workers and soldiers, amplifying the distance between imperial power and masses. Logistic collapse The Tsar appointed the reformist Peter Bark as Minister of Finance with the difficult task of disconnecting the treasury of alcohol, but the budget vacuum became unsustainable. Given the loss of hundreds of millions of rubles, the solution was the most precarious: Print moneyaccelerating hyperinflation and eroding even more the economy of war. The fiction that national productivity had improved without vodka was sustained with falsified reports and grandiloquent statements, while citizens suffered the consequences of shortage and monetary depreciation. At the logistics level, chaos was equally shocking: the wagons that had to transport grain and supplies to the front were occupied by Aristocratic distillators That, prevented from selling within the country, tried to export their vodka to France, Japan or any port available, saturating the already weak Russian rail networks. From Tsarism to Bolshevism. Paradoxically, the prohibitionist policyborn within the Tsarist conservative regime, was one of the few who survived the tumultuous change of governments that Russia shook Between 1917 and 1924. Neither the provisional government nor Lenin’s Bolsheviks revoked the measure. The communist leader, in fact, defended it as a Ethical and ideological principlewarning that a socialism based on the sale of alcohol was a betrayal of the revolutionary ideal. During the civil war, discipline, sobriety and consumption control were seen as essential components of the new order. Of course, after Lenin’s deaththe logic of state benefit imposed once again: Stalin The monopoly reestablished of vodka (now decorated with the Hoz and the hammer), restoring the practices of the old empire under a new clothing ideological. In terms of fiscal consumption and profitability, the prohibitionist stage It was erased almost completely. Moral experiment. That’s how it ended A movement That did not go as expected, much less. Beyond its symbolism, the Russian prohibition embodies a singular case where a moral decision, taken from power, precipitated the collapse of a regime whole. Time told That, in the context of a devastating war, a broken economy and a desperate population, the elimination of one of the few social exhaust valves ended up exacerbating all the latent tensions of the system. The Zar tried to save the soul of the Russian people removing alcohol, but ended up losing the throne. Thus, the vodka veto not only marked the start of the end of The Romanovbut left a enduring lesson about the risks of moralizing governance in times of crisis. Now, that legend of the end of World War II and the greater ethyl celebration It charges all the meaning of the world, because, sometimes, drunkenness can be more … Read more

They are bad for mint performance and health, but prohibit them in school does not work

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In recent years, the great educational issue of half the world has been exactly the same: what to do with mobile phones at school. To such an extent the controversy that As Laura Cano says“The digitalization of minors is polarizing families inside and outside the classroom.” And worst of all, we have no data that allows us to know if either of the two options make more sense than the other. Until now we thought it was because the studies were biased, now we just discovered that it is for something else. The greatest global study to date. 1227 students from 30 schools in England that They have been monitoring For a year from the University of Birmingham. Not only have they obtained their records for the use of social networks, but a battery of mental health results, well -being, sleep quality and physical activity. Among those students were some that were in centers that had prohibited the use of smartphones during the school day and others that did not. What have you found out? The interesting thing is that Researchers have discovered that there are no differences between the two groups of students. Neither in mental well -being, nor in emotional disorders, nor in sedentary lifestyle, nor rest levels. There were neither substantial differences in academic achievements or in negative behavior. It is true that telephone prohibitions led to a slight decrease in the use of telephones (about 40 minutes) and social networks (about 30 minutes), but the impact is too epqueño to be significant. So no matter how time adolescents spend with the mobile? Not quite. The study He has found that there is “a link between spending more time for use and worse results in all things studied.” What happens is that the prohibition in schools does not have enough impact on the lives of young people to be decisive. That is to say, As Professor Miranda Pallan explainsfrom the University of Birmingham, research shows that “addressing the general use of the phone should be a priority to improve health and well -being among adolescents”, but “school policies are not the miraculous solution to prevent harmful effects” . In fact, we can be quite sure that “the restrictive policies on the recreational use of phones in schools do not lead to better results among students.” And what do we do? This seems to reinforce the ideas that some experts have been defending for years. Jose César Perales, Professor of Psychology of the UGR, denounced last year that “a cosmetic measure (prohibitions) is taken, while those that could contribute to improve the mental health of our teenagers continue in a drawer.” We run the risk, these experts come to tell us, to divert the meager resources of the system towards measures with little return. “What the evidence really says is that raising”, Perales said “It admits enormous variability and that, once the material and affective needs are covered, almost all the impacts of the concrete form of parenting are quite small.” The same is time to rethink how we are distributing resources. Image | Tim Reckmann In Xataka | Alone and connected, the paradox of loneliness at the time of the thousand “friends” in networks

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