months

spent two months underground

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“I have never buried someone who had been buried before.” Those were the words from the priest who officiated the farewell ceremony Michael Meaney. Irish builder born in 1935, he died in 2003, but as the priest said, he had already been buried before. It was in 1968, when he was 33 years old, and a crowd gathered in the London neighborhood of Kilburn to see what Meaney was like. buried alive. Not by punishment or by accident, but by fashion. The living, to the hole. In a time without TikTok, the fashion was to see how people did strange things in groups and in public spaces. There were dance contests that went on until no one could anymore. People competed to see how many could fit in a telephone booth. And another trend was voluntary burials. A famous name was that of the Texan Bill White, “The Living Corpse”, and it basically consisted of people who isolated themselves in the most extreme way: inside a coffin, with kilos of dirt on top and with food and drink that came to them through a small tube. The idea was to set a record and gain some fame from it, and Michael Meaney sought that fame. “MikeBorn in Tipperary, Ireland, Meaney was a big man. “He had the strength of ten men,” some claimed, and when he emigrated to London looking for opportunities, he took advantage. He became a boxer, but after a work accident, a hand injury prevented him from continuing his career. During recovery, he trained himself not to think about the pain and an idea occurred to him: if he had trained his mind not to be distracted by situations like this, maybe he could last longer than anyone buried underground. More than anyone alive, of course. Logistics. On February 21, 1968, he organized a dinner at The Admiral Lord Nelson pub to which he invited the press and anyone who wanted to attend. They binged as a final ceremony and Meaney was buried alive. There are several red lines here: not only the fact itself, but that he did not tell his wife, who was pregnant and who found out when the news was broadcast on the radio. The coffin measured 1.90 meters long, 76 centimeters wide and 61 centimeters high. It had a hole through which Mick would relieve himself in a container with lime so it wouldn’t smell so much, food could be passed through it and the interior was lined with foam to make it more comfortable. Interview from beyond the grave. It was buried about three meters deep and was intended to last 100 days. Coincidences of life, in Texas Bill White was also doing the same thing at that time (I already said that he made a living like this). What was a test of endurance and a quest for fame had become a competition. Apart from eating, when dawn came he got into the routine of doing some push-ups (as far as space left inside, of course) to stay active, and he also had a light that allowed him to read. He also had his crucifix. Should we remove him by force? On the surface, there were times that were busier than others. There were those who came to chat with Meaney through the telephone line that they deployed, they also told him they went down a camera down the tube so he could take a selfie. But the place wasn’t always guarded (he wasn’t going anywhere either) and on one occasion a passing truck compressed the newly piled earth, threatening Meaney’s integrity. Someone noticed and intervened, but there was some concern about the young man’s condition and the case reached the House of Commons, where it was discussed whether they should take action and remove Meaney against his will. to the surface. In the end, they chose to stay still, but not everyone remained impassive. One of his friends, the one who helped him bury himself, in fact, insisted on removing him when he had been in the hole for 61 days. He had beaten White and he said he wanted to be there for more than 100 days, but they didn’t allow him. After half an hour of digging, the coffin emerged and, to the sound of bagpipes, a procession carried a waving Meany with his dirt-covered hand through the hole to the Admiral Lord Nelson pub. When they opened the cover, a slimmer Mick, wearing sunglasses to avoid glare and with a thick beard, confessed that he felt great and that he had only missed more conversation. Monumental chestnut. The problem is that, if he did all this looking for some immediate fame, it was of no use. No one called the Guinness World Records auditors, so they couldn’t give official recognition. Do you remember that Bill White had reburied himself right at the same time as Mick? Well, if the Irishman left at 61 days, the Texan left at 62 and 22 hours. He also failed to monetize fame. He was promised money for making some appearances, but in July of that year he declared that he didn’t have a penny. Quite an “example”. Still, Mick was considered something of a local hero and having a story to tell won. His “feat”, and that of those who preceded him (with people who they arrived up to 147 days), was a danger to both the physical and mental health of those who undertook the journey, so much so that even the Guinness decided In 1991, they stopped giving importance to these actions with the aim of not promoting competition. Although seeing some challenges on social networksthe thing hasn’t changed much from the fashion in which there were those who buried themselves alive to try to monetize the feat. And if you want to know what it’s like to be buried alive, you always have a simulator. Images | British Pathe In Xataka | Some YouTubers buried a … Read more

We have left Moss out for nine months in space at the mercy of vacuum and radiation. He’s back alive and breaking records

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Life is much more tenacious than we usually think, even when we take it out of its cradle and expose it to the most hostile environment we know: the emptiness of the outer space. And to carry out this test, a team of scientists has decided to take a moss and expose it to conditions outside of Earth, giving a result that opens a path for us on how to create new ecosystems on other planets. The protagonist of this story is Physcomitrium patensor better known as primitive moss. And there were a series of Japanese researchers those who wanted to check What would happen if this little primitive moss was left outside the International Space Station. The logical a priori thing would have been that he would have died instantly, since he did not have oxygen, the environment was really aggressive, with a lot of direct radiation as he did not have the protection of our ozone layer and logically he was not in his natural habitat. But the reality is that he has managed to endure the absolute emptiness and the cosmic radiation for 283 days. But not only has it survived these conditions, but upon returning to Earth it has been planted and germinated. Without a doubt a great surprise in the face of the resistance that these organisms have. A round trip. The research, led by biologist Tomomichi Fujita of Hokkaidō University and published in iScience, started from a premise that seemed like science fiction: can a primitive land plant withstand prolonged exposure to cosmic elements without protection? To find out, in March 2022 they launched hundreds of samples aboard the ship Cygnus NG-17. Once on the ISS, the astronauts attached these samples to the outside of the station, orbiting at about 400 km altitude from the Earth’s surface. There they stayed for nine months, exposed to constant cycles of light and shadow, extreme cold, and relentless ultraviolet radiation. In January 2023, the samples returned in a SpaceX capsule (mission CRS-16) and when analyzed in the laboratory, the results perplexed the researchers. More than 80% of the spores had survived and were able to germinate. Not everything is the same. Just as two humans may not be equally resistant, something similar happens with mosses. In this research, we tried to verify the resistance of three types of fabric, but the winner was undoubtedly the sporophytewas the hardest fabric. Something that was already suspected, but the litmus test that this was was missing. In terrestrial laboratories, stress is usually tested separately. That is, in a season an organism is exposed to heat, or cold, or high radiation. But in this case everything happens at the same time, and that is why it was expected that his survival would be null with this combination of factors. But the reality is that the spores protected within the sporangium endured. And although the scientists noted a degradation of one type of chlorophyll due to visible light, the structural and genetic integrity of the plant remained intact enough to be “resurrected” upon returning home. Its importance. Growing a moss on the surface of the ISS seems insignificant and a silly waste of money. But the reality is that this finding has two very important readings. The first looks towards the stars and the terraforming process. It must be taken into account that mosses were the first plants to colonize land on our planet 500 million years ago. It can be said that they are natural pioneers thanks to the fact that they can settle on bare stones and then when they die, they generate soil where more complex plants later emerge. In this way, if they can survive space travel and withstand extreme conditions, they could theoretically be the biological vanguard. in lunar or martian bases to help modify its atmosphere and ecosystem. Something more urgent. Right now, our goal has to be to create crops that are more resistant to the extreme weather conditions we face on our planet. And the solution may lie in these spores and their genetics. Understanding the mechanism that gives them this great resistance is vital so that we can modify seeds of other crops with the aim of conferring the same resistance. A vital step to face everything that may be yet to come to our planet. Images | Mike Frandson POT In Xataka | Fungal spores and other microorganisms are candidates for surviving on the surface of Mars, according to NASA

Oracle signed a 300 billion agreement with OpenAI. Two months later it has lost 315,000 million in the stock market

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Since Oracle announced its $300 billion deal with OpenAI On September 10, its shares have lost $315 billion in market capitalization, as they have stated since Financial Times. The technology company He has bet everything on a single card: Become the premier infrastructure provider for the world’s most valuable AI lab. Investors are not convinced. The most expensive bet in its history. Oracle has tied its future to OpenAI in an unprecedented way in the technology industry. According to estimates At Jefferies, 58% of its future order book comes from a single customer: OpenAI. To put it in perspective, Microsoft has just 39% concentration with its largest customer, and Amazon 16%. Oracle has gotten into a mess and its business diversification has become a critical dependency on OpenAI. The plan is ambitious but risky. Oracle’s strategy is to reach $166 billion in cloud computing revenue by 2030, according to counted the company last month. To achieve this, its investment budget in the current fiscal year ending in May amounts to $35 billion. The analysts wait that this annual expenditure will stabilize around 80,000 million in 2029. But here’s the problem: Starting in 2027, most of that revenue would come from OpenAI, according to the calculations from RBC Capital Markets. That is, Oracle is not just building massive infrastructure, it is building massive infrastructure for a single tenant that has yet to prove its long-term commercial viability. The numbers don’t add up yet. Oracle’s net debt already stands at 2.5 times its ebitda (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization), more than double what it was in 2021, and is expected to almost double again by 2030. Its free cash flow is also expected to remain negative for five consecutive years, according to the forecasts collected by Bloomberg. The company is financing with debt a gigantic server farm with the hope that OpenAI will generate enough revenue to justify the investment. Meanwhile, as has shared Financial Times, investors are so restless that the cost of insuring against a potential Oracle default is at a three-year high. The contagion effect of OpenAI. Oracle is not the only company that has suffered after announcing agreements with OpenAI. Broadcom and Amazon too have seen their shares fallwhile NVIDIA has barely moved since its investment agreement in September. A few months ago, any type of association with OpenAI caused prices to rise, considering himself the King Midas of AI. The most notable case was AMD’s in Octoberwhen its shares rose 24% after announcing a chip deal that included company warrants. That halo effect seems to have completely faded. Between the lines. The initial theory was that OpenAI was in a frantic race to catch up. general artificial intelligence (AGI) and that Oracle was the only company capable of scaling the necessary computing capacity at the required speed. Oracle promised the lowest upfront costs and the fastest path to revenue generation because it acted as a data center tenant, not an owner. Now investors are sending the signal that partnering with OpenAI is no longer a guarantee of success. The alternative reality is less rosy: Oracle doesn’t have as much operating profit as its competitors to burn on R&D, so it’s betting everything to keep its only big customer in exchange for a promissory note. Amazon, Microsoft and Meta can afford to spend between 70,000 and 130,000 million a year in infrastructure. Oracle is juggling financials to keep pace. And now what. Oracle has until mid-2026 to prove that your Abilene data center in Texas, with capacity for more than 400,000 GPUs and 1.4 gigawatts of power, can generate the promised returns. Meanwhile, the market has spoken and is awaiting evidence that this partnership will bear the promised fruits. Cover image | Oracle and OpenAI In Xataka | As if there weren’t enough AI companies, Jeff Bezos has just returned from the shadows to build another one, according to the NYT

How China has managed to rescue its astronauts in record time when it took the US months

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Last year, Boeing starred in a space drama that kept the world in suspense: the Starliner crisis. After discovering leaks and failures in its propellers, NASA took months between deliberations, tests and safety meetings to finally decide that the astronauts Butch Wilmore and Suni Williams They would not return in their ship, but would wait for SpaceX’s Crew-9 mission to return. Now, China has faced a similar scenario that it has resolved in a few days. The haste has its explanation. A cracked window. The news broke on November 5. The Shenzhou-20 mission, crewed by Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie, was preparing to return to Earth after six months at the Chinese Tiangong space station. However, during inspections prior to undocking, the astronauts detected an anomaly that so it was not made publicbut that we now know: “small cracks” in the external glass of one of the capsule windows. After analyzing photographs and running simulations in wind tunnels, CMSA (China Manned Space Agency) engineers determined that the damage had possibly been caused by the impact of micrometeoroids or small fragments of space junkcompromising the structural integrity of the ship. The conclusion put Chinese astronauts in a bind: the capsule “did not meet the conditions for a safe manned return.” The game of chairs in orbit. Unlike the International Space Station, the Tiangong space station cannot accommodate six astronauts for a long time, so the Shenzhou-20 crew had to be brought in as soon as possible. China always maintains a Shenzhou ship and a CZ-2F rocket ready to take off in case of emergency. However, on this occasion, the CMSA ruled out launching the new Shenzhou-22 spacecraft to bring back the three stranded astronauts because it “included instrument upgrades for which the outgoing crew had not been trained.” The solution chosen to bring the crew back was, therefore, to do so aboard the Shenzhou-21 ship that had arrived with three other astronauts two weeks earlier. A literal change of chairs (they had to move the adapted seats from one ship to another) and with a single sacrifice: leaving the three crew members of the Shenzhou-21 at the mercy of a compromised ship (the Shenzhou-20) in the event of an emergency. In summary. The three outgoing astronauts They landed safely on November 14 aboard the ship of his three incoming companions. The reason why this exchange of ships was faster than in the case of the Starliner or, a year earlier, the Russian Soyuz MS-22, was, on the one hand, that the Tiangong station is not yet large enough for six people to live in, and on the other, that the replacement ship was already there. What cost NASA months of risk analysis and public relations management with Boeing, China solved in a matter of days thanks to the availability of spacecraft. The logistical sacrifice is that the crew of the Shenzhou-21 (which will stay in space for six months) has had to give up their “lifeboat” until the Shenzhou-22 spacecraft is launched without a crew as a new return vehicle. The Shenzhou-20 will return empty to analyze its damage on the ground, if it ultimately survives re-entry. Image | CGTN In Xataka | The only photo you need to understand the scale of what Blue Origin, Jeff Bezos’ company, has just done

All their plans are discounted and come with 3 extra months

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Better safe than sorry. It is obvious that nothing should happen to us while we browse the Internet normally, but it is undeniable that there are more and more dangers. Every so often we are seeing major data breaches, large-scale cyberattacks and even the presence of spyware. We have ways to protect ourselves, although few are as effective as a VPN. Now that we are in full Black Fridaywe are facing one of the best times of the year to get a quality one. We have a great option with Surfshark, since all their plans are discounted. Thanks to this, we can take your VPN from 1.99 euros per month. And be careful, because, as we will see below, their promo does not only imply discounts. Surfshark Starter Subscription – monthly The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Surfshark’s Black Friday gives us its VPN at a great price As we always tell you, we cannot ignore the fact that there are free VPNs. These work and fulfill their purpose, although using them frequently is not ideal. The reason? Two very specific reasons: They are not as safe as they say they are. and they usually fall short in terms of connection speed or functionalities. In that sense, it is worth investing in a paid one, especially now that we are in the middle of Black Friday. This Surfshark promo, which has already been active for a few days and will still be active until December, allows us to take any of their three plans for less money. If we are only interested in their VPN, then the ideal one for us is their Starter plan, which, as we have told you a little above, has a price of 1.99 euros per month if we opt for its two-year modality (which brings three extra months, so it would be 27 months). And it doesn’t come alone, since it brings the Alternative ID tool. If we don’t mind spending a little more every month, then the most interesting thing we can do is opt for the plan called Surfshark One. It is the one with the most discount right nowleaving its price at more than attractive ones 2.19 euros per month. It brings everything that the Starter plan includes, including the three extra months. These are all the tools that we would have with it: VPN. Antivirus. Real-time alerts on email breaches, credit card and ID data theft. Private search tools. Personal data security reports. Webcam protection. Anti-spyware and malware protection. Surfshark One Subscription – monthly The price could vary. We earn commission from these links We have an additional alternative with the most complete subscription from this company, called Surfshark One+. As the name suggests, this is an improved version of the previous one that includes the same and an additional solution called Incognidesigned to eliminate our information from databases. If we opt for two years of this subscription, the price of this plan is 4.19 euros and it also comes with three extra months. Some of the links in this article are affiliated and may provide a benefit to Xataka. In case of non-availability, offers may vary. Images | surfshark In Xataka | Best VPNs 2025: guide with the 17 best services to protect your online privacy In Xataka | The best solutions to protect your data and your company’s IT equipment

8 kilometers of ice have been lost in two months and researchers only agree on one thing: it is something to worry about

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Predict their future the antarctic glaciers It is undoubtedly a great challenge for science, but the most important thing above all is to know How will it affect global sea level?. The worst of all is that the latest news we have at our disposal is not at all positive, since the Hektoria glacier It has retreated 8 km in just two months, which is an unprecedented speed in the modern era. Where we start from. Normally, the retreat of glaciers It is measured in hundreds of meters per year. It is one of the clearest metrics we have to be able to ‘measure’ global warming, and that is why now what a team from the University of Colorado Boulder has just recorded on the Hektoria glacier, on the eastern peninsula of Antarctica, plays in a completely different league. The measurement. In just two months during 2023, the Hektoria lost almost half of its mass. In total, 8 kilometers of ice disappeared. A speed of collapse that has never been seen in modern history and that, according to the authors of the study, is more typical of the end of the last ice age. Something that doesn’t add up in this case. Hektoria is relatively small by Antarctic standards (about 300 km², less than the city of Malaga), but its collapse was so sudden that it left researchers stunned. A coincidence. Ironically, the research team wasn’t even studying Hektoria. They were analyzing satellite and remote sensing data for another project when Ochwat realized that the glacier had essentially disappeared from the images. The measurements. This is where technology comes into play. The team had to combine data from multiple satellites to understand what had happened and, above all, how quickly he did it. “If we only had one image every three months, we couldn’t say that the glacier lost two and a half kilometers in two days,” explains Ochwat. In this case, by combining images from different satellites you can fill in the time gaps and confirm with evidence in hand how quickly the ice has been melting. But the key was not only in the images. They also used seismic instruments that have the ability to detect a series of “glacial earthquakes” that occurred exactly during the period of rapid melting. And these earthquakes are not measured for the sake of it, but to confirm something crucial: the glacier was anchored to the bedrock (and not floating) just before breaking. This is fundamental both for science and for the entire planet, since ice that is floating (such as an ice shelf) does not raise sea level when it melts, any more than an ice cube does in a glass of water. But ice that rests on land (or anchored to a seabed) and falls into the sea does contribute to the global rise in sea level by increasing its volume. Your Achilles heel. The collapse was not due to simple superficial melting. The cause was topographic, since many Antarctic glaciers rest on deep canyons or underwater mountains. The Hektoria, however, had the misfortune of resting on an “ice plain”: an area of ​​bedrock that was exceptionally flat and below sea level. This flat topography caused a gigantic section of the glacier to begin floating all at once, rather than gradually. The moment the glacier lost its anchorage to the ground (its “line of support”), it was exposed to the forces of the ocean, and therefore everything began to advance very quickly. The process was brutal, since it all began with the warmest ocean water that seeped underneath and began to open cracks from the bottom of the glacier upwards. At the same time, the glacier already had cracks on the surface. Eventually, the lower and upper cracks met and the glacier literally disintegrated. A warning for future glaciers. The Hektoria case is a first-rate warning. Scientists know that there are numerous glaciers in Antarctica that also rest on these types of ice plains. Until now, it was thought that their collapses would be centuries-long processes. Hektoria shows that they can be months, which should set us off due to the implications it would have on sea level. And while the collapse of a small glacier like Hektoria won’t dramatically change global sea level, it alone does demonstrate that a rapid collapse mechanism, until now theoretical or believed to be typical of past geological eras, is perfectly possible today. If this same mechanism is activated in much larger glaciers, sea level rise could accelerate very considerably and much sooner than expected. Images | Cassie Matias In Xataka | When glaciers melt, bodies appear: archaeologists are recovering them in a time trial

Your VPN comes with three extra months and does not reach 2 euros

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Nowadays, we all spend many hours of the day on the Internet. Obviously, nothing has to happen to us, but it is undeniable that it also Cyber ​​attacks are becoming more common or the presence of certain spyware. Among all the tools that we can use to protect ourselves while browsing the Internet, one of the most useful and effective is a VPN. If we are looking for an economical and quality one, Surfshark offers for Black Friday may interest us: we can get one of your plans from 1.99 euros per month. Surfshark Starter Subscription – monthly The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Surfshark is not only a VPN: it has antivirus and many more tools A VPN is one of those tools that is always good to have installed on your PC or mobile. It is true that there are free options that can get us out of trouble, but the reality is that they are not recommended at all. for two very specific reasons: they are usually slower and, above all, They are not as safe as they promise. That is exactly why it is so interesting to have a paid one like Surfshark, which in addition to working great, will allow us to level up our Internet security. So what does Surfshark Black Friday offer? The best thing about this promotion, available until the first days of December, is that put all your plans on offer. The cheapest plan of all is called Surfshark Starter and its 24-month subscription costs 1.99 euros per month. It includes two tools (VPN and Alternative ID), it can help us prevent Spam and it also comes with three extra months. What do we want to have even more tools? So perhaps it is more interesting that we jump to Surfshark One. This subscription, whose 24-month plan is priced at 2.19 euros per month right now, includes everything that the Starter plan has, but it goes much further (also including 3 extra months, of course). This is all it brings: VPN. Antivirus. Real-time alerts on email breaches, credit card and ID data theft. Private search tools. Personal data security reports. Webcam protection. Anti-spyware and malware protection. Surfshark One Subscription – monthly The price could vary. We earn commission from these links Finally, we have the latest of this company’s plans: Surfshark One+. This, in essence, is an improved version of the previous one. It includes exactly the same thing to which we must add Incogni, a solution designed to eliminate our data from databases. Its price for the 24-month plan is 4.19 euros per month and, as with the previous ones, it also comes with 3 extra months. Some of the links in this article are affiliated and may provide a benefit to Xataka. In case of non-availability, offers may vary. Images | surfshark In Xataka | Why it is dangerous to connect to public Wi-Fi and what you should do to protect yourself In Xataka | The best solutions to protect your data and your company’s IT equipment

For the first time in many months, there is a chance to see a truly strange event: real rain

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This story begins with a pinch of hope. In recent days, the main meteorological models were beginning to agree: the interaction of a deep trough and a subtropical low that would generate a fairly active front. In other words, for the first time in a long time, real rain could make its way to Spain. Not even Danasnor summer storms: real water. The problem? That, actually, that They were just a handful of exits. deterministic and considering that autumn has always been (and will be increasingly) infernally difficult to model, that was very little. It doesn’t mean, of course, that it won’t rain. It’s going to rain, but the doubts are enormous. Although, as the cards are dealt, it all starts to make sense. But what is going to happen? According to AEMETFrom Monday to Wednesday, the rain will be concentrated in the northwest of the peninsula. However, only in Galicia will it be persistent and there will be significant accumulations. On Thursday the situation will become more “democratic” and the rains will reach a good part of the northwest, the center of the Peninsula and the Pyrenees. The wind can be very strong. However, real rain (as “real” as it can be in this situation) in the center will have to wait until Friday. Beyond Friday everything becomes more diffuse, some rain is expected in the interior, in the south and in the Balearic Islands. And, almost certainly, a small drop in temperatures followed by another rebound. One that will leave us better than we were, yes; but with temperatures above normal. And then? In reality, everything seems to indicate that these meteorological skirmishes will be little. And, given this, many experts already they begin to put their hopes in December. That’s bad, yes. It is true that the country’s reservoirs they are much better not just last year, but the average of the last ten years. But this “water cushion” will not last forever and, although we tend to forget, autumn is a particularly important season for reserves. “in general terms, autumn usually registers higher accumulations than winter in our country as a whole”, said Yurima Celdrán. If we lose it, we will be facing the next drought with one hand tied behind our back. And going to December to wait for a ‘miracle’ is not positive at all. Image | ECMWF In Xataka | The Mayan idea with which this researcher wants to revolutionize the way we treat drinking water: artificial gardens

South Korea launched an AI textbook program for schools. It has lasted four months

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The South Korean government bet heavily on artificial intelligence in classrooms with a million-dollar investment in digital textbooks. They promised more personalized learning, a reduction in teaching load and, generally speaking, fewer school dropouts. The reality It has been very different: after a single semester they stopped being mandatory and became complementary material, allowing each school to decide whether to use them or not. Few have continued using them. A experiment that does not has worked. In March of this year a special program started educational promoted by then-president Yoon Suk Yeol: textbooks with artificial intelligence for mathematics, English and computer science. The government invested more than 1.2 trillion won (726 million euros at the exchange rate) in equipment and teacher training, while the publishers allocated another 800,000 million won (484 million euros) to the development of the material. Barely four months later, in August, parliament stopped considering them official texts after an avalanche of criticism. They are now optional supplementary material. Problems that came from day one. Ko Ho-dam, a high school student on Jeju Island, explains it to Rest of World: “All of our classes were delayed due to technical problems. I didn’t know how to use them well either. Working only with my laptop, I had a hard time staying focused. The books didn’t offer lessons adapted to my level.” Complaints spread throughout the country. Students, teachers and families reported errors in the content, risks to data privacy, increased screen time and, paradoxically, a greater workload for both teachers and students, especially if at the beginning it was necessary to add time to adapt to the new system. In a hurry. Representative Kang Kyung-sook, an opponent of the program, he questioned deadlines in parliament: “Traditional textbooks take 18 months to develop, nine to revise and six to prepare. But AI books took only 12, three and three months respectively. Why the rush?” Lee Bohm, researcher at the University of Cambridge, points out “AI should be tested first in homework or practice before being carefully introduced in class. The focus should be on how to integrate it into the school curriculum.” Digitized classrooms and addiction. South Korea has been dealing with another technological problem for years: digital addiction among young people. According to psychiatrist Lee Hae-kook, professor at the Catholic University of Korea, “almost one in two young people is at risk of smartphone addiction,” a figure that, according to Le Monde, increased between 30% and 40% after the pandemic. The country has had digital detox centers since 2002 and will ban mobile phones in schools starting March 2026. In this context, introducing more screens in classrooms has generated greater rejection. Jang Ha-na of the Political Mamas organization, which advocates for the well-being of women and children, expressed to the medium that “textbooks (with AI) worsen the effectiveness of learning. Once digital devices become central in classrooms, exposure to screens increases, weakening literacy and communication skills.” Legal and political battle. According to the medium, even before the launch, teachers unions and civil groups They sued the then minister of education for abuse of authority, arguing that the program was “problematic” by making the use of AI mandatory, ignored risks to minors, and lacked data protection measures. The government moved from mandatory adoption to a voluntary test one year in January. Yoon was ousted in April following his attempt to impose martial law, and new President Lee Jae Myung, who promised to reverse the policy, kept his word. According to explains Rest of World, the publishers that developed the texts announced lawsuits for financial damages. Hwang Geun-sik, president of the committee that represents them, explains that “companies that trusted the government saw the market suddenly disappear. Our business is reduced and staff cuts are inevitable.” The figures say it all. The adoption rate collapsed from 37% in the first semester to 19% in the current one. Only 2,095 schools use them now, half of the number at the beginning of the school year. Among teachers, opinions are divided. Lee Hyun-joon, a mathematics teacher in Pyeongtaek, admits that “monitoring students’ progress was a challenge. The overall quality was poor.” In contrast, Kim Cha-myung, a primary school teacher near Seoul, recognize to the means that “they were convenient, helped save time and supported students with difficulties. But he also added that “the program failed because everything was rushed. It should have been implemented gradually after proving its effectiveness.” llearned action. Kim Jong-hee, digital director of Dong-A Publishing, one of the developer publishers, defend that books “did not cause addiction to screens” and that they can reduce educational inequalities. But he acknowledges that “a key reason for the setbacks is that the issue became overly politicized.” “We no longer trust the government, and that is the biggest problem,” he added. Cover image | Korea Times (Yonhap) In Xataka | There is a national symbol that Japan has kept unchanged for generations: a very expensive school backpack

Ten AI startups have skyrocketed their valuation by $1 trillion in 12 months

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Logic tells us that companies that they lose money consistently should have a black future. What is happening in the world of AI is just the opposite, and right now ten startups in very red numbers They have achieved something unusual in one year: in one year they have grown by one trillion dollars in their joint valuation. It is something simply extraordinary… and disturbing. The big three. OpenAI is of course the protagonist of this select group, and today it is estimated that its valuation amounts to half a billion dollars. Elon Musk’s company, xAI, is valued at 200 billion, while Anthropic is also close to that figure according to a Financial Times study. In one year the valuation of these AI startups has skyrocketed. Source: Financial Times. And his immediate followers. Databricks, which was founded in 2013, was quick to join that segment and now has an estimated valuation of $100 billion. Figure (robotics), SSI (Sutskever’s startup), Scale AI, Perplexity, Thinking Machine Lab (Mira Murati’s startup) or Cursor complete this group of new startups (almost all of them) and with skyrocketing valuations. Investment fever. This growth in its valuation is due, of course, to the fact that all of these firms have raised multimillion-dollar investment rounds by firms that trust in a future full of AI. In fact, venture capital and investment companies in the US have injected 161 billion dollars throughout this year, and they have done so without being able to see even a hint that their bet is going to be a winner. All these AI companies They burn money like there’s no tomorrowand its profitability—and future—is an absolute unknown. bubbles are good. “Of course there is an (AI) bubble.” The person who says it is Hermant Taneja, president of the venture capital firm General Catalyst. His firm has invested in Anthropic and Mistral, and has done so without batting an eye because according to him, “Bubbles are good. Bubbles align capital and talent into a new trend, which causes some carnage, but also creates new lasting businesses that change the world.” Maybe it is, but only for a few.. Sam Altman, co-founder and CEO of OpenAI, also think there is a bubblebut it coincides with that positive vision because it is probably him who will benefit (if everything explodes). Robin Li, CEO of Baidu, already indicated a year ago that the bubble will end up bursting and that only 1% of companies will survive. Bezos adds to that perception: “this is the good type of industrial bubble that is totally contrary to financial bubbles. The banking bubble, the crisis of the banking system, that is simply bad, as happened in 2008. These bubbles are the ones that society must avoid.” It happened with dotcoms. The analogy with the dotcom bubble It’s inevitable. At that time something similar happened with the inflated valuations of internet companies, and when the bubble burst only a few survived, but those that did managed to become the mistresses of the world. ANDThis bubble is much bigger. At least, from the point of view of the figures invested. In the dotcom fever, venture capital companies invested 10.5 billion dollars, which if we adjust for inflation becomes about 20 billion dollars. In 2021, these same firms invested 135 billion in startups in the SaaS (Software as a Service) segment. This year, investment in AI companies will likely exceed $200 billion, according to PitchBook. One of the directors of these firms describes this with a strong word. “This is FOMO“. And the valuations are skyrocketing. Startups that have $5 million in annual recurring revenue are seeking investment rounds that value them at $500 million. That they pursue those valuations that are 100 times their income makes ridiculous the excesses that already occurred in 2021, for example. Although venture capital firms know that they will lose money on most of their bets, they also hope that one or two that they get right will more than make up for that entire bet. Not investing is losing forever. Mark Zuckerberg shares this vision of venture capital firms, and his company is making colossal investments to avoid missing out on AI. The founder and CEO of Meta recently explained that He doesn’t care about losing 200,000 million dollarsbecause it would be much worse to be left behind in this race. Marc Benioff, co-founder and CEO of Salesforce, agrees and believes that a trillion dollars of investment will end up wasted, but AI will end up producing 10 times that in value: “The only way we know to create great technology is to try as many things as possible, see which ones work, and then focus on the ones that succeed.” Time will tell if they were right and if this bubble, as investors defend, is “a good one.” In Xataka | OpenAI is making the tech industry unite its destiny with yours. For the sake of the global economy, it better work

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