Iran

Iran has found the antidote to the Israeli iron dome. Is called Fattah and overcomes the speed of sound

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Iran found A weakness In systems of Israeli defense. His offensive was focusing on the use of unconventional threats marked by Shahed drone swarms whose combat loss was very small compared to the missile cost to tear them down. Israel’s response was swift: fronts to unmanned devices He launched the Sarafcombat helicopters. Now the conflict has entered a new “hypersonic” phase. A hypersonic missile. On June 18, Iran marked a milestone in his confrontation with Israel to launch Your ballistic missile Hypersonic Fattahcapable of reaching at least match 5 speeds (and estimated, According to Iranbetween Mach 13 and Mach 15). This projectile, solid fuel, guided with precision and equipped with a mobile nozzle in its second stage, He managed to cross Israeli antimisile defense systems in what was defined by the body of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard (CGRI) as a “turning point” in the Operation “True Promise III”already in its eleventh phase. Not just that. Iran He presented the Fattah As a symbol of the end of Israeli aerial invulnerability, stressing that its deployment represents a direct blow to the dissuasive capacity of Tel Aviv. The initial reports indicated FIRE AND STRUCTURAL DAMAGES in areas of the center of Israel as a direct consequence of the impact. Characteristics and innovation. The Fattaah missile represents one of the most ambitious bets of the Iranian Aerospace Program. It was presented officially in 2023 as a national technological revolution. With a scope 1,400 kilometers And a maneuvering capacity both inside and outside the atmosphere, this missile was designed to effectively avoid conventional defensive systems. In that sense, its design is key, which incorporates A re -entry vehicle maneuverable (Marv), which allows you to change direction in the final phases of your trajectory to evade aerial defenses. Your solid fuel engine gives you an immediate response to the launch and your advanced guide system, as we said, next to an orientable thrust nozzle, allows you to execute unpredictable maneuvers that hinder your interception. Unlike traditional missiles, its trajectory can vary dynamically during the flight, which makes it a practically unattainable goal for air defenses that depend on predictable trajectories. A fattah missile National symbol. The missile is much more in National Key. In fact, he was baptized by the leader himself, Ayatolá Ali Jameneí, who also made him a propaganda symbol With the phrase “400 seconds to Tel Aviv” printed In Hebrew on a banner hanging in Tehran. During the Mass attack of October 1, 2024, several fattah-1 missiles already They had been thrown Against Jerusalem, but its recent use in the current context marks the first time that on the current conflict is incorporated tactically. The weapon also It is described by the body of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard (IRGC) as the “Israel’s beating.” The “hypersonic” club. The news has other readings. With the deployment of fattaah, Iran becomes In the fourth country in having and using hypersonic technology, adding to Russia, China and India. Each of these powers has developed Your own models with different characteristics in terms of launch platform, autonomy, type of propulsion and guidance mechanisms. The Iranian variant stands out for its Structural simplicity (solid propulsion in two stages) and its apparent tactical effectiveness. Plus: The ability to overcome multiple layers of Israeli defense during this phase of attacks positions Iran as an increasingly sophisticated actor in the field of ballistic deterrence. The Israeli answer. If the response to the Shahed were the Saraf, the Israeli reaction to the attack with hypersonic missiles has not been waiting. In the following hours, Tel Aviv launched a new OLADA DE BOMBARDEOS on military objectives in Iranian territory, intensifying a dynamic of cross retaliation that already adds seven consecutive days. Among the whites attacked They were included Five military helicopters at a base in Kermanshah, a land-land missile production installation, a war manufacturing center and a centrifuged plantwhich shows that Israel seeks to weaken both conventional capacity and Iranian nuclear infrastructure. The explosions felt even In the Iranian capitalevidencing that the Israeli campaign has expanded its spectrum of action and now points to nerve centers of Persian military power. Strategic implications. The last of the legs to analyze has to do with how the board changes in regional dynamics. The Fattah irruption In the battlefield it introduces a new destabilization factor in a complex conflict already. Beyond military symbolism, its effective use undermines confidence in Israeli defensive systemsconsidered among the most advanced in the world. This vulnerability could force Israel to reassess its air defense architecture and, at the regional level, it could alter the strategic calculations of other actors that until now considered unfeasible to directly challenge the aerial power of Tel Aviv. In addition, the fact that Iran can deploy missiles of this class from within its own territory gives it a significant operational advantage, reducing the need to depend on regional allies to execute long -range attacks. More technological and asymmetric. As In Ukrainethe crossing of attacks between Iran and Israel, more and more sophisticated, illustrates the evolution of modern conflicts towards scenarios where technological deterrence is A determining weight. While Israel maintains the Air Supreme Thanks to its fleet of F-35I and F-15 fightersas well as its operational experience, the appearance of weapons Like fattah Reduces its strategic advantage margin. Iran, limited in its conventional Air Force, has opted to compensate for its inferiority with the development of ballistic missiles and Advanced dronesin a wear war in which each new system can redefine the momentary balance. The Operation “True Promise III”therefore, it is not only a reprisal campaign, but an essay for a new Iranian doctrine based on speed, precision and unforeseen penetration. Image | HeuteHossein Zohrevand, Amin Ahoui In Xataka | Ukraine was the anticipation of what Israel has done: war is no longer a thing of fighters or missiles, but something much cheaper In Xataka | If the question is how much the iron dome of Israel can endure, the answer is simple: much more … Read more

The hunt that still resists in Iran more than 40 years after his arrival. It is not Russian or Iranian. It is the American F-14

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While the missiles cross the air between Israel and Iran, the Israeli Air Force has confirmed A new attack on facilities close to Tehran. According to its version, among the objectives there were at least a couple of fighters F-14 Tomcat. In one of the available videos, the impact on what would be one of the few units that are still in service, almost half a century after having been manufactured. That an American hunt retired in 2006 Keep flying today in one of Washington’s great adversaries is no accident. The explanation is in the convoluted – sometimes contradictory – that history can be. An order, a revolution and a war The History of F-14 in Iran begins in the 70s. The SHA, still strategic ally of the United States, decided to incorporate Dozens of Tomcat fighters to its Air Force, in a military package valued at approximately 2,000 million dollars. To do this, he sent his pilots to train in California. But everything changed in 1979, with the Islamic revolution. The relationship between Iran and the United States deteriorated quickly. Ayatolá Ruhollah Jomeiní ordered the arrest of many of those pilots and left the F-14 on land. But the situation took a new turn in 1980, when Iraq invaded Iran. The authorities decided to free the aviators, and began a career to counterreloj for reactivating a fleet for which there were no longer spare parts. An Iranian pilot next to an F-14 Now, keeping an F-14 in flight is not an easy task. Every flight hour required many more maintenanceand many of its components were impossible to manufacture locally. No access to Western technology, Iran resorted to smugglers, to the black market … And also, in a maneuver as surprising as documented, to the United States. During the 80s, within the framework of the scandal Iran-contextsthe Ronald Reagan administration He secretly authorized The sale of weapons to Tehran in exchange for the release of hostages. Iranian Tomcats equipped with multiple missiles in full flight Today, almost half a century after that SHA request, the F-14 Tomcat It continues to appear In Iran. There are no official figures on how many are or how many are really operational. Some have seen in parades. Others, in blurred videos. And now, according to Israel, at least two would have been destroyed in a recent attack near Tehran. Israeli Air Force announced the impact on Iranian F-14 with this publication That an F-14 is still present in 2025 is not just a technical rarity. It is a string of how convoluted the story can be. A hunt designed for US carriers, designed to face the Soviet Union and retired almost twenty years ago, still appears – in one way or another – in one of the most serious military tensions of the moment. Tomcat was a technological feat. But he is also an unlikely survivor: he went from ally to enemy, he sustained thanks to improvised engineers, to clandestine networks, and the carelessness of those who tried to leave him on the ground forever. Images | Nasim News Agency | Iriaf | Shahram Sharifi | IIAF 2 US Navy (via Wikimedia Commons) In Xataka | If the question is how much the iron dome of Israel can endure, the answer is simple: much more than Iran’s defenses

Israel’s great goal in his war against Iran is to destroy Fordow. And you can only get it with a bomb that has USA

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It happened a few hours ago and American media They are taking it on their covers. Trump and Israeli prime minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, spoke on the phone. It is not clear what they said, but the call occurred while the president has been considering a distant option: that the United States intervenes directly in the Israel’s efforts for damaging the nuclear capacity From Iran. In the background, an idea that was intuited from the beginning of the conflict: the only way to reach Fordow was Through Washington. A key decision. On a day that could define the rest of its presidency, Trump faces one of the decisions more transcendental Of his mandate: or not to the Israel War against Iran. After returning from the G7 summit in Canada, the president held a high -level meeting and talked directly with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. While, In your social networks He proclaimed that the United States had “total control of Iranian airspace,” warned Supreme Leader Ali Jameneí who was an “easy white” and demanded an “unconditional surrender”, without defining the terms. Although until recently Trump had advocated a diplomatic solution to the Iranian nuclear program, his rhetoric and his most recent military movements (such as the deployment of bombers and Naval destroyers) suggest that this direct intervention is seriously considering. The change of posture. Had the New York Times In an extensive report how that turn to action in Washington’s position has been brewing. Throughout the last weeks, Trump has traveled from diplomatic containment to a growing acceptance of the military road to the Iranian challenge, largely pushed by the constant pressure of the Israeli prime minister, Netanyahu. While Trump tried to keep negotiations with Tehran (even sending A personal letter Ayatolá Jamenei and presenting nuclear cooperation proposals with regional participation), American intelligence began to warn that Israel He planned an attack Imminent against the Iranian nuclear program, with or without the support of Washington. Israel and pressure. The Times explained That Netanyahu, tired of years of containment by successive US presidents, seemed willing to launch a large offensive, not only on nuclear facilities, but potentially on the Iranian regime itself. This direct threat, added to the growing Trump skepticism Regarding the Iranian will to reach a real agreement, it caused an inflection: although at the beginning it rejected deliver the antibunker bombs requested by Netanyahu, the president ended up offering support in intelligence and now even values ​​the use of b-2 bombers and heavy armament against Fordowhe heart Underground Iranian nuclear enrichment. Symbolic weight. It is the other leg that explains the turn of events. It is not only a product of intelligence reports or impatience to stagnant negotiations, but also symbolic and media weight of the Israeli attacks and the role that Trump You want to project before its base: that of a strong, decisive and protective leader of Israel’s interests. Gathered with their advisors at Camp David, the media have counted that the President debated various optionsfrom passivity to total implication, and opted for a Intermediate strategy that would allow him to maintain a certain political distance while offering operational support. However, as Israel He obtained tactical victories (Including the murder of Iranian military leaders and the possible penetration in Natanz’s facilities), Trump began to change his public position, hinting at a more active role in the United States in the campaign. The goal. Because the key, againis in Fordow, the Iranian uranium enrichment center excavated under a mountain, a fortress that could only be destroyed by a name: the gigantic GBU-57 pumpsthat only B-2 can launch. The possibility of attacking with this arsenal, added to the perception that Israel cannot destroy underground installation without US support, feeds the sensation of imminence. MOP underground at White Sands Missile Range before his first explosion test in 2007 The bomb that drills mountains. Thus, and in the midst of a conflict that does nothing but grow, the potential role of the United States in an air operation against Iranian nuclear facilities brings to stage one of the most feared and less used artifacts of the US arsenal: the GBU-57A/B. Massive Ordnance Penetrator (MOP), a 13,600 kilos bomb Designed to do precisely what its name indicates: to penetrate deeply into the earth and destroy underground fortifications. Unlike conventional mass dispersion pumps, MOP is a precision weapon, not saturation. Its forged steel structure and its guide by GPS allow it excavate up to 60 meters in solid rock (or even more, after years of improvements not revealed) before detonating in the heart of bunkers, tunnels or underground laboratories designed to resist the apocalypse. It is not the volume. Although it is the explosive non -nuclearly heavy of the US military inventory, its effectiveness does not depend on the destructive volume, but on its surgical capacity to eliminate what is beyond the reach of any other pump. Despite its devastating potential, it has never been used in combat, but its deployment is contemplated only for missions that alter the global strategic balance. B-2’s first public flight in 1989 19 B-2. And here appears the other fundamental leg of the strategy of this deterrent pump. The MOP cannot be launched from any aircraft. Only the B-2 Spiritthe stealthy strategic bomber of the United States Air Force has the structural and technological capacity to load it and deliver it in the target. With just 19 operational units (a good part parked On Diego García Island), The B-2 is not a bomber: it is a platform designed to go far, avoid radars and attack in depth, literally. In the past, these devices have flown round trip missions of more than 30 hours From Misuri until Libya or Kosovowithout scales except reposses in the air. Plus: the Recent updates to the MOP system they have sought to perfect the Integration between bomb and planein addition to improving the capacity of the intelligent spolet to detect structural “empty” (floors, cameras, tunnels) and exploit exactly at the most … Read more

We have been believing that Iran is “five years” from the nuclear bomb. In reality we only know how much uranium enriches

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Few phrases have been as repeated in the geopolitics of the West as “Iran is five years from the nuclear bomb.” For more than three decades, we have heard predictions that place the Iranian regime on the verge of crossing the atomic threshold, a stopwatch that restarts again and again without the prophecy becoming fulfilled. The real problem is not so much what we know about Iran’s nuclear program, as the immensity of what we do not know. And it is in that fog of uncertainty where the most dangerous decisions are cooked. A diffuse red line like Casus Belli. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has initiated a war against Iran framed in which the regime is “close to finishing the construction of a nuclear bomb.” This language transforms an old threat into an immediate danger, turning the rhetorical red line into a justification for war. Although the United States initially denies direct participation in the attack, political and military support has gone in crescendo. A Message of President Donald Trump In capital letters, “Iran can’t have a nuclear weapon!”, It works as a blank check for Israel. Thirty years of breached predictions. When a suspicion, and not an evidence, they are a reason for war, it is worth reviewing the newspaper library to put rhetoric in perspective. The feeling of “imminent nuclear bomb” in Iran is not new. It is a political construction that has been managing for decades, with Benjamin Netanyahu as its main architect. In 1992, Netanyahu already warned that Iran was “three or five years” to obtain nuclear weapons. In 2012, he starred in one of his most iconic moments at the UN, drawing a red line with a marker In a cartoon scheme of a pumpand ensuring that they would cross the line in the summer of 2013. Each period has been fulfilled without the weapon becoming materialized. What do intelligence agencies say. Although Israel had in the United States its main political ally, US intelligence agencies did not buy their rhetoric about Iran. In 2007, the National Intelligence Estimate De la CIA concluded with “high confidence” that Iran had stopped its nuclear militarization program, the AMAD Plan. The verification of this break came in 2015 with the Comprehensive Comprehensive Plan Joint (JCPOA), an agreement by which Iran limited uranium enrichment to 3.67% in exchange for the lifting of sanctions. The break that caught the fuse. Paradoxically, the withdrawal of the United States of the JCPOA in 2018, driven by the same rhetoric of the “imminent bomb”, caused the response that was intended to avoid. Iran began to enrich uranium at unprecedented levels: first 20% and then 60%, drastically shortening the theoretical deadlines for the pump and triggering the current crisis. Despite this, there are no evidence, beyond the expansion of enrichment plants, that Iran have the necessary technology or develop those weapons. Although, in honor of the truth, it is logical that there are no, since most of the activity is underground. Faith jump between enrichment and nuclear bomb. To understand how “near” Iran of the nuclear bomb is, you have to differentiate two key processes. The first is the fuel: the enrichment of uranium, the visible part of the process. It is about increasing the concentration of the fistible isotope 2 35 of the uranium from the 0.7% natural to 90% (the arms degree). Thanks to the withdrawal of the JCPOA, Iran accumulates a large amount of 60%enriched uranium. And moving from 60 to 90% is a technically feasible leap within a few weeks. However, Having the fuel is not having the enginewhat Anglo -Saxons call “weaponization.” A set of incredibly complex steps to convert the fistible material into a functional eye that can be mounted on a missile. They have to convert the uranium of arms degree, which is a gas, into a metal sphere. They have to surround that sphere with high precision explosives that have to detonate simultaneously in microseconds to compress the nucleus and start the chain reaction. And all this, in a package small and light enough to fit in the eyes of a missile and survive the launch. This is where we enter the field of almost total uncertainty. We know that this will investigated with the AMAD Plan, but its current progress is unknown. However, nobody knows it with certainty because intelligence on underground activities is very difficult to obtain. What we know with certainty. Despite decades of sanctions, sabotage, selective murders of its scientists and cyberbrains (like the famous Stuxnet, which destroyed uranium centrifuges), the Iranian nuclear program has not only survived, but has become stronger and more self -sufficient. Iran designs and produces its own advanced centrifuging. In fact, Israel’s main objective is to destroy the Fordow plant, that Iran built under a mountain to make it invulnerable to air attacks. In parallel, Iran has developed the largest and diverse ballistic missile program in the Middle East, and a fleet of trucks ready to shoot them. This resilience demonstrates that technical knowledge is deeply institutionalized in the regime, which is why Israel has eliminated those responsible for the nuclear program, as well as Iranian launches. At the same time, each Israeli attack can reinforce the conviction in Tehran that the pump is the only guarantee of survival, a fish that bites the tail, accelerated by Netanyahu’s rhetoric. They will go in the North Korean mirror or Pakistan. Beyond the rhetoric of the West, two countries offer key lessons about Iran. North Korea built its nuclear program to ensure the survival of the regime. Isolated and economically devastated, He saw the bomb as his only insurance policy against a overthrow imposed by the United States. The sanctions and pressure only reinforced their determination. Pakistan followed a strategic imperative. It sought to neutralize the military superiority of India. When India tried her bomb in 1974, the Pakistani bomb became a matter of national survival. Iran is a hybrid and more complex case. Share the survival … Read more

The massive bombings of Iran threaten something essential to Intel: its facilities in Israel

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A good part of Innovations that Intel has introduced In its microprocessors during the last twenty -two years it comes from IDC (Israel Development Center), The development center that the company has in Haifa (Israel). This subsidiary was responsible for tuning in 2003 the microarchitecture P6 (banias), One of the most successful Intel has launched in the last three decades. The high performance/watt ratio of the Pentium M processors used on the centrine platform was largely due to this microarchitecture, which represented a very overwhelming break with the netburst microarchitecture used in Pentium 4 processors. The weight that the Israel Development Center currently has in Intel infrastructure is huge, and it all started thanks to the success of Pentium M processors and the centrine platform. Israeli engineers had the ability to “cut the healthy” with the Netburst microarchitecture of the Pentium 4 and take as a starting point the P6 implementation of the Pentium III. And they were right. Intel realized that this was the path he had to follow, so he certified the end of the Pentium saga as we knew it at that time, ending a reign that began in early 1993. Intel has a lot to lose in the war between Israel and Iran The war conflict currently supporting Israel and will threaten the lives of many people in these two countries because both are using a huge amount of missiles with a great capacity for destruction. One of the Israeli cities that are being bombarded with greater intensity by Iran is precisely haifa. According to Israel’s defense forces (FDI) During the night of June 13 to 14 they fell on this city and other regions of the north of this country about 150 Iranian ballistic missiles, and some of them reached several urban areas of Haifa. The size of missile attacks that are carrying out both countries is such that no civil installation is safe Israel has adopted a very opaque position that prevents knowing precisely from outside this country What damage are the attacks of Iran. For this last country the Intel facilities in Haifa They have no strategic valueso right now it seems unlikely to attack them expressly. Even so, the size of missile attacks that are carrying out both countries is such that no civil installation is safe, especially if it is close to a government building or a military installation. In any case, the Haifa Development Center is not the only thing Intel can lose in Israel. In the center of the country, about 50 km south of Tel Aviv, resides its manufacturing plant of Kiryat Gat avant -garde. I have had the opportunity to visit so much HAIFA facilities as those of Kiryat Gat On two occasions (2019 and 2022), and the latter are equipped with a multitude of photolithography equipment made by ASML, Tokyo Electron and other companies. Intel manufactures a good part of the processors that we can buy PC users, so it is evident that it has a crucial role in its production infrastructure. At the moment Iran has concentrated its missile attacks in the northern half of Israel, so the most affected cities are Haifa, Tel Aviv, Bat Yam and Ramat Gan. It seems that the region in which Kiryat Gat is not bombarded, but right now it is very difficult to foresee How will this conflict evolve and to what extent the integrated circuit manufacturing plant of Intel is or not at risk. Of course, it has something important in its favor to remain safe: it is housed in a relatively isolated industrial zone and far from any military or government installation. To damage it a priori Iran would have to consider it a priority objective and express it expressly. Image | Intel In Xataka | Intel has a bullet in the bedroom. A bullet capable of helping you compete from you with TSMC In Xataka | Intel and TSMC lead the revolution of photonic chips. His problem is that China has just done fully in this war

Iran, OPEC+ and electric vehicles

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Donald Trump has traveled to the Middle East to negotiate a nuclear agreement with Iran. If specified, the crude oil market fears an increase in supply in an already uncertain context. An increase in offer. The International Energy Agency (IEA) has reviewed Uploaded its world supply forecasts for this year, projecting an increase of 1.6 million barrels per day. This adjustment responds mainly to the increase in production by the members of the OPEC+, who have decided to dismantle their cuts in a more accelerated way. Respond to several factors. On the one hand, Saudi Arabia has The ability to increase Its production, while US producers face difficulties due to low prices. On the other hand, Russia has increased both its production and its exports, although its oil income has fallen to the lowest level since June 2023, According to Reuters. Do I go back? The possibility of a nuclear agreement could lift the sanctions on Iranian oil, allowing a significant increase in supply, According to Wall Street Journal. In addition, this expectation has dropped the Brent crude prices 3.31 % to $ 63.90 per barrel, while the West Texas Intermediate (WTI) is around 61 dollars per barrel, barrel, barrel, barrel, According to eldiario.es. A disruptive factor. In the midst of the debate, the International Energy Agency has put the focus in the sustained growth of sales of electric vehicles (VE). According to Wall Street JournalVE sales are growing at a dizzying pace and already represent a room of world car sales. This trend begins to feel in the oil sector and if this expansion continues, the demand for crude could be reduced by 5 million barrels per day (BPD) by 2030. The forecasts. IEA has estimated that the oil demand will reach 103.9 million barrels per day (BPD), but this growth will decrease in the coming months. On the offer, countries outside the OPEC+ such as Brazil, China and Canada have planned to increase their production by 1.3 million BPD this year. If this trend continues, the market can go into surplus situation. Changes in the global market. As explained by a combination of factors, it could push the downward prices: the possible return of the Iranian crude, the increase in the supply of the OPEC+ and the unstoppable boom of the electric vehicles. This added pressure generates uncertainty in an already volatile market. In the midst of this scenario, Saudi Arabia, Iran and Russia will play a crucial role in the coming months. Their strategic decisions could tip the balance between supply and demand, marking the direction of the global market in a context of economic slowdown. Image | Unspash Xataka | China’s energy paradox: an ‘electrostate’ that continues to feed on coal

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