endure

endure the weight of 96 trucks at the same time

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China is the ideal place for the most adventurous engineers. To the country’s taste for huge constructions (as turbines), an extremely complex orography is added that leads engineers to devise extreme solutions to connect the territories. Thus arise infarction tunnels, impossible roadshe longest maritime bridge in the world either gigantic dams. One of its regions, Guizhou, is one that needs a very specific infrastructure to not be isolated, and that is where the New higher bridge in the world. And the fire test before its inauguration has consisted of filling it with trucks. The bridge. A few years ago we talked about Lege bridge over the Beipan River as the highest in the world. It was at that time when 565 meters above the waters. But another bridge was needed on the same river, and the decision was made to build it in the Huajiang cannon. The challenge was capital, due to characteristics that the new bridge should have: Two towers of 265 and 205 meters at the ends. Cables of 9,000 tons each. A total length of 2,890 meters. The vain has a length of 1,420 meters. And what interests us: the road is 625 meters from the ground, reaching the end of the towers at 776 meters. Record time. To visualize the height, Two Eiffel Tower would enterone on the other, under the hanging section, but also supposes the longest hanging segment of the world built in a mountainous area. The works They started In 2021 and in January of this year it was reported that 75% of the project had been completed. The rhythm in recent months has been agile and we are at a point where the main works have been completed. In total, it is estimated that 439,000 m³ of concrete and 49,000 tons of steel have been used these four years. Fire test. And the most curious thing is how those responsible for the work have decided Test infrastructure before the opening scheduled by the end of September. They have used 96 trucks, as if it were a parade, which have been placed online throughout the hanging section for five days. In total, 3,000 tons that add to the rest of the tests that have been carried out in the structure, since many of these constructions in China are executed in areas prone to earthquakes, and the area where the bridge of the Gran Canyon of Huajiang is located is no stranger to earth trembling. In Guizhou, 329 earthquakes have been registered, at least, magnitude four during the last ten years, and that is why the bridge is equipped with sensors that monitor vibrations and structural variables in real time. It is not a whim. In the end, the loading test of that hundred trucks is a more news around the new largest bridge in the world, which is an achievement not only for its height, but for the extreme topographic challenge they have faced. HE esteem that has cost about 280 million dollars and, once open, will cross the canyon In just a couple of minutes when before it took more than an hour. Everything for connect rural areasthis being one of the government’s objectives to improve communications between all regions of the country and that is not only being carried out on land: also in the rivers. The end? Improve all communications to consolidate the ‘New Silk Route‘. Image | CCTV In Xataka | China is moving whole buildings at the same time to build underneath. Because? Because it can

Windows 95 still supports an essential part of this company in Germany. The question is how much more time it will endure

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At this point, almost everyone knows that Windows 10 You have the days counted and your support will go out soon. Microsoft pushes strong Windows 11but the jump is not free, Hardware requirements They raise a barrier that forces many to renew their teams. In terms of security, the recommendations are clear, staying in a system without support means exposing yourself to failures already vulnerabilities without solution. That is the general framework. And, yet, there are stories that call into question the manual and force us to look at compatibility from another angle. The theory says that no one should continue depending on systems that were obsolete decades ago. The practice is different. In Germany, WDR accountan agricultural business works thanks to specific software that runs on Windows 95, a system that in August was 30 years old. The critical part of the line rests on a chain of compatibilities that supports production and traceability. Migrating sounds logical, but each change threatens controllers, peripherals and calibrations. That is why the dilemma is not nostalgia, it is operational continuity in a plant that cannot be stopped. When the business depends on 1995 We talk about a farm with a machine that dominates the entire processfrom the entrance tray to the final packaging. The flow is millimeter, the eggs are advanced, weigh, are labeled by quality and are distributed in commercial formats of six and ten. Coordination carries it A software developed for the machinewhich works on Windows 95 and uses its environment to interact with sensors and peripherals. That coexistence explains why the business is still tied to a system thirty years ago, changing a link can mismatch the entire chain. If the system falls, the mechanical line will continue to move eggs, but the entire digital record disappears. Traceability would have to be done by hand, with more work and more error risk. The fact that the equipment is not connected to the Internet reduces certain threats, but does not eliminate other more prosaic, old hard drives, discontinued printers or electrical components exhausted by use. At that point, the problem would not be a cyber attack, but the difficulty of finding a spare time to keep production alive. Stability is real, resilience is less. The cost of replacing the line goes far beyond buying a new machine. According to the person in charge, it is equivalent to the investment necessary for a family house, an amount that many farms cannot assume suddenly. In addition, the substitution requires paralyze production For weeks, certify processes and return to the staff. Maintaining the current system is not free either, it forces components that only exist in second -hand catalogs. The decision becomes a balance, millionaire modernization or artisanal maintenance of the inherited ecosystem. The case is used for those who plan Windows 10 to Windows 11. The end of support is forcing companies of all sizes to audit inventories, drivers and internal applications before moving card. The lesson is simple and demanding at the same time. Forcing the update without validating the complete chain can break critical processes, while being motionless eternals risks and dependencies. Between both ends, the road map goes through measuring, testing and migrating in phases, with clear priorities and reversibility. The global photo confirms it. FAA in the United States promotes a renovation that points to Remove obsolete technologies in air control systems and leave behind the use of floppy. Japan closed in 2024 the era of disk in the administration after a regulatory cleaning that eliminated hundreds of procedures that demanded it. And in San Francisco, the Metro operator has financed replacement of a railroad control that still depended on loading software From disks. The pattern is repeated more than it seems. Images | Microsoft | Katie Bernotsky In Xataka | Microsoft is already thinking about how the computers of 2030 will be and has come to a conclusion: playing is overvalued

Aemet has already concluded the heat wave. Now experts look at Hurricane Erin to know if the cold will endure

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After a heat wave long and intenseSpain begins to travel a few days of thermal relief. However, after several warm episodes, it is worth asking whether the stabilization of temperatures will last over time or if on the contrary the heat will return. Days of calm ahead. Everything seems to indicate that we have several days in which temperatures will remain within normality. We will even see several days in which these will be something below the usual for these summer dates, According to the forecasts of the State Meteorology Agency (Aemet). So much so that even the rebound of temperatures that are expected towards the end of this week and beginnings of the next will not lead us to a particularly warm situation. The cold thermal anomalies At some points they could be below the nine degrees in some areas of the peninsular center, according to expert predictions. Gone is therefore the last heat wave, an episode that has not only been intense but also Looking at the western Atlantic. At the beginning of the week we pointed out that experts looked closely at what happened these days in places as far from our territory as the Western Atlantic and the Antilles archipelago. The reason was in the tropical storm Erin, a storm that reached the category of hurricane and whose journey seemed to turn to the north first and northeast later, undertaking a direction that would take her from the tropical waters to middle latitudes. Why interest? The key is on the impact that this storm could have on atmospheric circulation in these latitudes. According to explained a few days ago The physicist, disseminator and researcher at Aemet, German JJ, the emergence of this cyclone into medium latitudes could complicate the average weather prediction in Europe. Erin regroups. Erin seems to follow the established script and is already in the north direction. The storm has restructured in the last hours, so it can be expected that its progress will continue during the next few days. According to the National Hurricane Center (NHC) of the United States, the hurricane is off the coast of Florida. If the forecasts are completed, the storm will run in parallel to the east coast of the US during the next few days and between Friday and Saturday will reach the 40th parallel, already standing in our latitude. This, details German In another publicationimplies an important change in both atmospheric circulation and in the Jet Stream On the Atlantic, which will strengthen the cooling effect we are now seeing. “Thanks to this, atmospheric dynamics in our region will give a radical change, seem more like that of autumn,” he says. Uncertainty. We will have to wait to learn more about Erin’s course and its impacts, direct or indirect, about Europe. This hurricane reached category 5, becoming the first significant hurricane in a relatively meek season in Atlantic waters. The good news is that, if we can reach our environment, it will already do so as a subtropical storm or post-tropical cyclone, probably entering the continent to higher latitudes than ours. In Xataka | We have centuries studying the different types of clouds. What tells us the shape and color of these atmospheric phenomena Image | NHC / ECMWF

Spain has more green energy than ever but the system does not endure it

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Spain presumes to be a world leader in renewables. In spring he covered 100% of the demand with clean energy and in July came to beat records in renewable energy with more than 10,000 GWh, According to Electric Red Data. The paradox is still evident when taking a look to the light of the light: The green boom has collided with an invisible wall – with saturated networks and a chronic storage foul – just when heat waves shoot the demand and check the electrical system. The abundance that became a problem. In just five years, Spain has gone from irrelevance to becoming the second European country that has installed more solar capacity, only behind Germany. However, that abundance has ended up becoming a headache. In May, wholesale prices came to zero or even negative for a third of the month, According to Electric Red Data cited by Financial Times. And in July, despite beating a new renewable production record, with 13,850 GWh, the light invoices continued up, As we pointed out in Xataka In full peak of the heat wave. The paradox is clear: at noon there is fun cheap energy, but when the sun falls the network cannot sustain the demand and prices shoot again. The window of the energy transition. The contrast is even more evident if you look at the energy mix. Since July 15, Spain It has not generated electricity weeks From coal for the first time in more than 140 years. A milestone that consolidates the country as a world showcase of energy transition. However, the face B of success is that it is ruining the profitability of the sector. Projects that were just two years ago sold for € 200,000/MW today they barely reach between 28,000 and € 89,000/MW, According to a Financial Times report. The boom has resulted in a wave of “Fire Sales” and a much more uncertain market for investors. The price of running too fast. The renewable expansion has been brilliant, but the infrastructure to sustain it has not accompanied the same rhythm. Since 2020, Spain has allocated $ 0.30 to reinforce its electrical networks for every dollar invested in new solar and wind plants, compared to 0.70 European average, According to Bloombergnef collected by FT. The result is a bottleneck: more than thirty “hot knots” where the network is saturated, especially in Cáceres, Badajoz, Toledo and Ciudad Real. Only in July, more than half of the production cuts –The so -called Curtailments– They corresponded to photovoltaic, with about 392 GWh wasted, According to the Spanish. In addition, the low storage capacity aggravates the painting. When the sun sets, photovoltaic production collapses but the demand remains high, forcing the system to resort to gas to cover the hole. That same gas, more expensive in international markets, has become one of the engines of the price increase. To this was added in January the return of the electric VAT to 21%, after years of fiscal reduction to mitigate the energy crisis, As we have described in Xataka. The result is noted by the consumer: in July, the average price of light reached € 164/MWh, which meant that an average family would pay between 20 and 25 euros more on its monthly bill compared to last summer. Heat has something to say. To structural problems have been added short -term factors. The heat waves of the summer have stressed the system: in June, the electrical demand increased by 14% in Spain, 9% in France and 6% in Germany, As we have explained in Xataka. With the air conditioners operating at full performance, the demand is triggered just when the nuclear and thermal plants reduce their capacity due to the lack of cold water in the rivers to refrigerate. France has been the country most affected by this phenomenon, but Spain has also felt pressure. A decree waiting for the end of summer. The third leg of this whole issue has to do with politics. After the April blackout, the government Approved in June a decree “Antiapagon” which sought to reinforce the network and give an impulse to energy storage. However, on July 22 the norm was rejected in Congress with 183 votes against, in a coalition of rejection between the conservative opposition and part of the left. Since then, the Executive tries to carry out some of these measures through regulatory reforms that do not need parliamentary approval. The other face of the solar boom. Given this panorama, the market looks for exits. One of them are the long -term energy sale contracts (PPAS), which ensure stable prices to corporate customers. The Zelestra project in Belinchón, for example, closed an agreement with pharmacists such as Takeda and Teva when the average of the PPAS in Spain was around € 39/MWh, According to FT. Another change vector is marked by technological giants. Amazon, Meta and Microsoft have announced large data centers in Spain, attracted by the abundance of cheap energy. “There is an enormous interest, they consider Spain the number one fate in Europe,” admitted the CEO of Zelestra in statements collected by expansion. However, enthusiasm ranges with the same obstacles: slow permits and lack of network connection points. It is not exclusive to Spain. As they have detailed in the Spanish report, Germany needs to reinforce 14,000 kilometers of high voltage lines to transfer their renewable energy from north to the industrial south; Scotland has come to pay wind parks for not producing; And in the United States there are about 1,000 GW of renewable projects waiting for a network connection, almost four times the installed capacity. A brilliant future among cracks. Spain has potential, but its electrical system is not prepared to manage so much clean energy. As a summary cited by Financial Times summarized: “The problem is not that Spain has gone too fast with renewables, but has been too slow with networks.” The future of the energy transition will not depend on installing more panels, but on … Read more

For decades we rose to this skyscraper in New York without knowing that the screws that held it did not endure

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The situation was more or less like that. For two decades, hundreds of thousands of people entered and went through the doors of one of the larger skyscrapers in New York City. These people, many of them workers, went up and down in the elevator of others totally to the critical failure that the building had, terrifying in an architectural key, and that No one took into account. Rarely in the history of urbanism of the great cities occurred A similar situation. The story dates back to the early twentieth centurywhen the Lutheran Church of San Pedro was in a field of 53 streetbetween Lexington Avenue and the third avenue, in Midtown Manhattan. By 1960, the Church community went through serious economic problems, which led the City Council to sell the land. The negotiations were not easy and lasted years. Mainly, because the Church demanded the creation of a new separate building from the block of floors in which it could continue with its activities. In the end Green light was given to the project. The promoter accepted the conditions, and Citi Bank commissioned Hugh Stubbins & Associates the design of the skyscraper. The engineering will be in charge of William Lemessurier. The final project consisted of a skyscraper, a church, a public space under the level of the street and landscaping. The most important element was, of course, skyscrapers. The plane marked 46 plants that were going to distinguish from the rest of the city by the polished and anodized aluminum of the facade. In addition, among the panels there were window rows. It did not seem really complicated, at least not like the roof and the base of the building. The happy roof Thus, in 1977 the skyscraper ends up lifting. By then it had become bigger, with 59 plants and A total height of 279 meters. An architectural work that dazzled the city’s Skyline, a colossal tower where its inclined top of 45 degrees highlighted. The top of the roof It resembles an isosceles triangle. The original plan was to build terraces and apartments, but over time the architects decided to install huge solar panels. Lemessurier, a professor and graduate of the Massachusetts Institute, conducted a series of tests to check their efficiency. It turned out that the energy converted by the installation was insufficient. Finally, the idea of a small solar plant was abandoned. However, nothing like the base on which the building was supported. Some “stunches”, as Lemessurier himself described, among which he seemed to float for then seventh larger skyscraper on the planet. We refer, of course, those four gigantic pillars (34 meters each) that are located in the center of each side (instead of the corners) of the base. It also had a single column in the center, in this narrower case, which housed the building’s elevator banks and that provided additional force to the racks. With this design it was made room for the church under the corner of the northwest of the building, and gave the giant structure A brutal effectalmost as if he were levitating. In fact, it was exceptionally “light”, of only 25,000 tons (As a reference, Empire State Building was 60,000). The famous pillars The base became an icon of architecture, since it caused the space in the corners to be empty. Lemessurier caused the scratch weight to be distributed to the outer skeleton. Specifically, in a grid of Marcos in a triangular way hidden under the facade. Interestingly, this structure was visible from the inside. The elements were not completely welded, but only set with screwed joints. Apparently, the steel frame designed in this way was destined to support perpendicular winds. According to engineers, Other types of wind should not suppose a threat. In addition, municipal standards did not force other air bursts in design. The truth is that architecture hid an important mechanism in the upper floors. Citigroup Center had One of the first tuned mass shock absorbers (TDM). It is a 360 -ton concrete sphere embedded in oil. When the vibrations of the soil or the wind moved the building, the mechanism oscillated in the opposite direction to the inclination of the building. The problems begin Said balancing was in turn balanced by hydraulic arms that support the sphere. With this solution, the skyscraper was able to “maintain balance.” As Lemessurier explained in his day, this piece was key, since its function was to cut the balancing of the building by half by converting the kinetic energy of friction balancing. Once finished, the building was praised, but also The first doubts arrived. New York is not a state of great hurricanes, but it occasionally has them, what would happen if, once every 50 years, the winds will blow more than 100 km/h? These winds can blow from different directions. The Citigroup Center was inaugurated in 1977, and only one year later it became evident that it could have A very serious defect structural. A year later, Lemessurier receives the call that no architect expects in life. It was Diane Hartleyan engineering student from the prestigious Princeton University who had studied the construction of the skyscraper for his thesis. The first call was to ask several technical questions about the design. Hartley’s professor had expressed his doubts regarding the strength of an inclined skyscraper where the support columns were not in the corners. Hartley made some calculations of the building’s wind load. He then compared them to Lemessurier’s calculations and discovered that the figures of construction engineers were incorrect. The student asked to be sent the exact load calculations for different types of wind. Only received data related to perpendicular winds and guarantees On the solidity of the structure. Moreover, Lemessurier told him that the teacher had not even the most remote idea and that everything was in order. The geometry of the building frame worked perfectly with the pillars in such positions, allowing him to resist very strong winds, even from a diagonal angle. … Read more

Tariffs have made Temu an economic experiment in real time: see how far their clients endure

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Trump tariffs have turned Temu into an interesting behavioral economy laboratory. When the tariffs rose to 145%, the Chinese platform did something unheard of: Show exactly why prices uploadedbreaking down the price and explaining the origin of each extra charge. Why is it important. This radical transparency avoided a total collapse. Although Daily users fell 58% and the GMV (gross merchandise value) was reduced by halfTemu managed to retain 40 million users when some predictions talked about a collapse. Honesty over tariffs has transformed a debacle into a manageable crisis. In Xataka China’s rare land block is very delicate for Europe for another reason: high -power magnets In detail. Temu’s strategy is brutally direct. Instead of hiding the increases, they explain: “Imported articles may be subject to import positions. These charges cover all customs -related processes and costs.” A mobile cover went from $ 1 to $ 1.50. It looks like a rise of “only 50 cents”, but it is 50%. It is difficult to resist such a percentage increase. However, $ 1.50 remains a much lower price than American equivalents. The context. Trump eliminated the exemption “of Minimis” which allowed shipments from China without tariffs for packages of less than $ 800. Initially it applied 145% tariffs, then reduced them to 54% for 90 days. 90% of Temu’s business depended on this model that took advantage of the legal lagoon. When it disappeared, the company had to reinvent itself. Yes, but. The experiment has limits. Temu eliminated 3.4 million products from its catalogleaving only 150,000 sent by boat. 20% of vendors went to other platforms or markets. The company reduced its advertising expense in the United States and redirected resources to Europewhere his advertising investment has multiplied by twelve. {“Videid”: “X8RH2E2”, “Autoplay”: False, “Title”: “A very fast air fryer but is not for everyone”, “Tag”: “Webedia-Prod”, “Duration”: “489”} The partial resistance of consumers says a lot about price psychology. When Temu showed total transparency on tariffs, many buyers interpreted the increases as something external to the company, not as Temu’s greed. This perception of “we against the system” translated into an unexpected loyalty between the hard core of users. TeMU is transforming its business model on the fly. Launched the “Model Y2“That allows Chinese merchants to send directly without storing inventory in the United States. The “local to local” model is expanding where American sellers sell locally stored products. Its objective: that 80% European sales come from local vendors to avoid tariffs. The big question. What does the US consumer say that 40 million remain willing to pay almost double for Chinese products? Trump wanted to kill Chinese electronic commerce, but has ended up airing the existence of a huge group of consumers for whom the equation-value equation of Chinese products is still irresistible. Even with 145%tariffs. In Xataka | China has made a drastic decision and unpredictable consequences: prioritizing “its” technology, even worse Outstanding image | Alain G. ShumbushoTemu (Function () {Window._js_modules = Window._js_modules || {}; var headelement = document.getelegsbytagname (‘head’) (0); if (_js_modules.instagram) {var instagramscript = Document.Createlement (‘script’); }}) (); – The news Tariffs have made Temu an economic experiment in real time: see how far their clients endure It was originally posted in Xataka by Javier Lacort .

Elon Musk asked for calm and endure the actions of Tesla. Its president did otherwise and has won 230 million dollars

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While Tesla is going through one of the more complicated moments Of recent years due to a drastic fall in its sales, Robyn Denholm, president of the company’s board of directors has starred in a series of movements that have caught the attention of investors and analysts. In the middle of the Financial storm and of A reputational crisis That whips the manufacturer, Denholm has sold a significant part of his Tesla shares, obtaining about 230 million dollars, while Elon Musk asked his investors to maintain his shares. The paradox that Denholm raises is evident: while the company struggles to recover the market and customer confidencethe most responsible for the Council unchanges the fate that Employees can run and Tesla shareholders. Millionaire sales in full crisis. According to He informed Associated PressRobyn Denholm has sold more than 230 million dollars in Tesla shares since Elon Musk He expressed his support for Donald Trump After his attack. More than half of this amount was obtained in the first four months of 2025, just before the value of Tesla’s actions lost a good part of its value And that its benefits They will collapse 71%. Little attachment for actions. One of the reasons why the directors and members of the Board of Directors of the companies receive a good part of your salary in shares is to link its economic benefit with The prosperity of the company They represent. Therefore, when a manager sells shares during a crisis, investors perceive that something very bad happens. According to published by The New York Timessince Denholm assumed the presidency of the Tesla Board of Directors at the end of 2018, he has sold titles worth $ 530 million, undoing more than 1.4 million shares. That represents more than half of your participation in the company. According to the regulations of the US stock and values ​​commission (SEC), most of these sales were made under Pre -established sales plans presented as of July 2024, coinciding with the Elon Musk’s political implication And the beginning of Turbulences for Tesla. Contradictions with Musk’s speech. Although the operation of shares by Denholm is completely legal, the chosen moment has generated doubts about his confidence in the future of Tesla. His mass sale of shares contrasts with the message that Elon Musk directed its employees Last March, when he explicitly asked them to “hold on to their actions” and not sell them, trusting in the “brilliant and exciting” future for the company, although the price of their shares did not stop falling. While Musk I tried to calm down To the workforce and the small investors with a categorical “what I am saying is that they keep their shares,” Denholm opted to liquidate part of their assets in the company, sending a signal opposite to the market and minority shareholders. Controversies in its management. Denholm’s management at the head of the Board of Directors of Tesla had already been subject to controversy before its massive sale of shares. Both Denholm and other council members were accused in court for not properly protecting the interests of shareholders, especially during the approval process of the Elon Musk’s salary package. Reuters It echoed In July 2023 that Denholm and other executives of Tesla had reached an agreement to return 735 million dollars, after being accused of having granted excessive compensation taking advantage of their position in the company, reinforcing the image of a more focused management on their own benefit than on the collective interest of the shareholders. On May 1, 2025, Tesla canceled the rights on Packages of Actions of Actions of Denholm and other executives of Tesla as payment of that sanction. In Xataka | The Tesla employees letter requested by Elon Musk’s cessation has generated layoffs. It has not been that of his CEO Image | Wikimedia Commons (Cebit Australia), Tesla

This is how they managed to endure the cold

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Let’s start at the beginning: although it may seem like perogrullo, In the Middle Ages it was cold. It was cold, but not so much. At least, in Europe, there was a warm period (the “Climate optimal“) that systematically relieved the living conditions of the Europeans of the time. But around 1300 the thing changed radically: the Small Middle Ages He had started. Was A disaster. And not only because of the cold, epidemics and the loss of entire crops, it was that European peoples did not have the necessary technology to warm themselves at home without putting their lives at risk. No radiators, without chimneys, without crystals in the windows … the houses of the continent became unhealthy mousetracks full of associated risks. And how did they warm up? That is the question that The history and disseminator professor Nuisia RARRIDI is made. After all, no matter how cold the temperatures of western Europe did at that time they had to be terrible. AND, As Raridi says“The houses were permanently crossed by air currents.” We talk about a time when we had to “choose between leaving the light and the cold or neither.” There weren’t windows? There were, of course. They were small and normally had no crystals. As Raredi explainedthe glass for the windows “appeared in the cathedrals around the 10th century.” Before that (and later), it was common relativamene to see churches that used basalt to try to solve the problem of light. Because the glass problem is that it was expensive. In fact, it was not until after 1300 (when the techniques had improved and the cold began to accentuate) when they began to be used in private homes – especially in accommodated houses. And the issue of fire? How were there no chimneys? According to the documentation that He has collected RARRIDI“The chimneys, as we understand today, did not develop before the thirteenth century.” Until that time, as we can see in many places on the planet, the families lit fires in the center of the house and, consequently, the smoke filled the entire room (and went out where it could). As if that were not enough: the homes were very badly isolated. “The medieval houses were often made of wood and were poorly isolated”, which meant “a real problem in the coldest months.” Hence the tapestries, carpets and canopy beds were popular (which, “were extremely practical: the curtains that surround them served to retain heat and protect themselves from cold”). It doesn’t hurt to remember that for centuries, Europeans slept within cabinets and the explanation to her is this same. Cold, heat and vice versa. Despite what Paleoclimatic discussion has become popular for the debates of Climate changeright now we don’t have much to learn about medieval techniques to pass the cold. However, knowing what we were, always helps expand the imagination about how the human being can live. Image | Krzysztof Kowalik In Xataka | The Middle Ages was not as dark as they told us

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