discovering

We have accepted that sport is “medicine” for the body. Now science is discovering its side effects

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Physical exercise can be prescribed as a drug in doctors’ offices, even though it is not packaged in a simple pill that we take. This is because the evidence behind it has made it more than clear that playing sports can prevent a large number of chronic diseasesI know even have a very good old age. But behind all this, too There is a negative part behind doing physical exercise. Its side effects. If we accept exercise as a drugwe must also accept that every drug has a leaflet, specific doses and of course some adverse effects. That is why as a society we have the problem of having begun to sell the fact of “exercising” in a generic way, ignoring the fine print that this task has, as recognized by the Spanish Heart Foundation itself. And it has a very simple solution: personalizing physical exercises per patient. The problem of metaphor. The slogan “exercise as medicine” is undoubtedly an excellent marketing campaign within the world of public health, but for science there are several important flaws. As different scientific studies point out, exercise does not act like a classic drugsince it does not have a predictable response in a patient as if it occurs as a pill. This forces us to always think that the effect can be very different for each person. In this way, by calling exercise a drug we can make invisible the diversity of individual responses. And there is no universal “squat pill”, since doing this exercise in a specific person can be very beneficial, but in another it can be be the origin of a pathology due to overload. And all because we throw ourselves into exercise without planning how to do it, since we find it very easy to pick up some weights and start building biceps. The damage numbers. We often hear that it is a great danger to stay sitting on the couch, and it is true because they are many diseases related to a sedentary lifestyle. But according to different studies done in the United States, people who meet or exceed the recommendations for moderate or vigorous exercise They have a 44 to 66% chance of developing musculoskeletal injuries. than subjects who remain inactive. In addition to this, although cardiovascular health improves with physical exercise because the heart reduces its heart rate, for example, the “maintenance cost” of the physical body increases dramatically with the amount of exercise done. A question of biases. Without a doubt, this is one of the most critical points that scientific literature reveals regarding the lack of transparency in clinical trials related to exercise. This is something that was seen in an analysis that included 103 trials on knee osteoarthritis, where it was found that 6% of the participants suffered direct damage from this exercise. But the most worrying thing is not the number, but the low information: many patients who abandon studies due to pain or discomfort are not classified as “victims of adverse effects”, which generates an artificially high perception of safety. This problem is repeated in oncology, where the motto “exercise is medicine in oncology” live with non-trivial adverse events which have forced us to propose much stricter monitoring systems to protect patients. We pass each other sometimes. The underlying problem in this case is undoubtedly recommending intensive or complex programs without a clear benefit/harm relationship compared to an alternative that is much simpler. But, on the other hand, we also fall into the phenomenon of “quaternary prevention” making medicine focus on avoiding harm from its own interventions. by overmedicalizingnullifying the benefits of physical exercise. The necessary consensus. In this way, the authors who popularized the concept of ‘exercise as medicine’ explicitly recognize that exercise is not without risks. Even the WHO itself In its guides it maintains that inactivity is the greatest population risk, but there is fine print that must be taken into account: Exercise should be ‘prescribed’ starting with a low intensity, and not opt ​​for maximum intensity from the first day. This causes a person who has spent years on a couch to begin to carry a lot of weight, for example, and end up injured. Pain is not always bad, and the patient must be educated so that they see that fatigue from the gym does not have to be medicalized with pills. Patients with cardiac risk must be evaluated to prevent uncontrolled exercise from aggravating the situation. Be supervised. The conclusion in this case is that exercise is obviously necessary and without a doubt it is one of the practices that can prevent the appearance of many diseases. But we always have to be aware of what we do. Loading the body with a large amount of exercise from minute 0 can cause significant injuries or the aggravation of diseases that are already present. In this way, the possibility of being in a gym with trainers who can advise on the progression curve that should be followed can be an interesting idea to have the benefit of exercise without the consequences of doing it aggressively. Images | Jonathan Borba In Xataka | Doing cardio or strength training: for science there is no debate about which is the ideal exercise after 50

We are discovering how the brain “hacks” us to make us hungry. And it is a key step in the race towards losing weight.

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Right now, treatments to lose weight are the order of the day, with a clear protagonist like Ozempic. The problem is that beyond the aesthetic effects that are achieved, there are many doubts about both the side effects as well as all the effects it has on the body. But little by little science you understand much better how they achieve their effectwhich seems like a real miracle for many. What we knew. In general, these treatments They are ‘copies’ of GLP-1 which is a hormone that we produce normally in our body and makes us have the feeling of satiety. The moment we increase it exogenously we have a greater feeling of satiety that allows patients to lose weight (although with a risk of bouncing when treatment is stopped). But beyond this effect, the action it could have directly on the brain was something that had only been explored in animals. Now, a new study published in Nature has crossed this frontier thanks to Casey Halpern’s team, which has taken advantage of a “unique opportunity” to observe, for the first time in humans, the impact of Mounjaro (tirzepatide) directly into the reward center of the brain. Why it is important. The discovery of how the brain can ‘hack’ our body to eat much less opens many doors for us in the field of pharmacology to be able to continue working on definitive treatment. against obesitybecause we are seeing that it is something in high demand by many people who find it necessary to have this help (although it is not a miracle) to be able to reduce their weight. And we even see how in the United States purchasing is becoming more and more accessible. And we say that it is a miracle, because Ozempic or Mounjaro does part of the work, but we must not leave aside the change in eating habits to adjust the diet and be able to maintain it after stopping the treatment. The problem is that there are people who after stopping the treatment continue eating normally, and logically they see that there was no miracle involved. How it was done. The study focused on a 60-year-old woman with treatment-resistant obesity and type 2 diabetes. This patient was already taking Mounjaro for diabetes, and coincidentally, she was participating in another trial to treat dysregulated eating. This coincidence allowed the researchers to do something unprecedented: use the electrodes, already implanted in its nucleus accumbens (NAc)for hear brain activity while the drug took effect. And this brain nucleus is really important as it is the center of pleasure in humans and reward, that is, it is the point that can be modulated to restrict food consumption. The sign of craving. Those cravings we have for eating a little chocolate, a greasy pizza or a hamburger are something we all have because it is what gives us pleasure. In this case it was seen that the signal changed over the months, specifically the delta-theta frequency band. In the first months of treatments with Mounjaro, the patient had no desire for food in that sense of craving. Something that corresponded to a null signal in this nucleus, so it could be said that the medication was silencing this ‘noise’ that is generated in the pleasure center. The problem is that in the fifth to seventh months, despite being on the maximum dose of medication, the patient again had severe concern about food. And here again the signal in the nucleus had spiked to match that of those people who had no treatment. An advantage for the future. The most important finding here is that the change in the brain preceded the behavior. That is, before having a relapse this signal was increasing as if it were a warning signal. That is, a future where a sensor can detect this brain signature and alert the patient or doctor that the effectiveness of the drug is decreasing, before that the person will feel the cravings again in an uncontrolled way. Much ahead. This is a study with a single person, and it has many limitations and its conclusions logically cannot condition the clinical activity of the use of these medications. What it is useful for (and a lot) is to understand that the brain has a lot to do with this weight loss as if it were a real button to control eating habits. Perhaps silencing this brain nucleus in a very specific and sustained way may be the ‘holy grail’ that weight loss science seeks to control these cravings that can ruin a diet imposed by specialists. Although there is still a lot to investigate and it is only a first door for other medications that can complement Ozempic or Mounjaro, which has given great results. Images | Shawn Day Victoria Shes In Xataka | This is the great hope of the competition to replace Ozempic. Your weapon: banish needles with a pill

Spain wants more pork and more safe water in its reservoirs. And he is discovering that both things at the same time are not possible.

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Hidden in the Official Gazette of Castilla y León on Monday, there was something that they did not suspect would be controversial: the authorization to install more than 3,500 heads of pigs on the outskirts of San Cebrián de Castro, province of Zamora. Why would it be controversial? As recognized in the Diario de Zamorais the umpteenth authorization of this type in recent years and, unlike others, this macro farm is not close to any urban center. The only small problem is that, well, it is 100 meters from the Ricobayo reservoir, right where the Esla flows into the Duero. And is that a problem? The idea is to install a pig farm “with capacity for 3,100 sows with piglets until weaning (from 0 to 6 kilos in weight), with 620 replacement sows and six boars.” Just over 132,000 square meters, more than a dozen warehouses, a manure dump with a capacity for 1,215 cubic meters and two enormous slurry ponds with a capacity for 14,000 cubic meters. The project insists that “there will be no discharge into the Public Hydraulic Domain”; but, of course, the doubts are more than reasonable. In 2023, 161 Zamora municipalities They were left without drinking water due to contamination of its reservoirs. Because there is also the issue of water consumption. According to the data, an annual water consumption is estimated at 24,479 cubic meters. It’s a lot of water, but it’s not a surprise either: agriculture and livestock consume almost 90% of the Duero basin. And Ricobayo is a critical reservoir And not only for the Northern Plateau. Because what is happening in the Esla River is something much more important than it seems. Spain It is the absolute leader in European porkbut (or “because”) the legal framework is too fragmented and has huge regulatory gaps. That is to say, the basic management of intensive farms has been broken for years. The sum of an unambitious basic state standard, hydrological plans, municipal plans and environmental authorizations leaves room for dozens of towns throughout the country to spend years denouncing the enormous ecological and health consequences of this type of installations. All of this comes at a difficult time. Because the macro farm industry is about to reach its key moment: it is not only that the administration is following The closest issue is that the prosecution is taking cards in the matter. That is to say, in the near future, Spain is going to have to clarify what it wants to be at an agricultural level and at what cost. But you can’t do it with your back to the externalities it produces. The competitiveness of Spanish pork is based on vertical integration, efficiency and scale; and that pushes farms to have greater capacity and associated plants (feed, slurry treatment, biogas, etc.). That is, it puts completely new pressure on parts of the system that are not prepared to withstand it. Water is one of those problems. The Spanish water reserve is at 51.4% of its capacity and we have just emerged from one of the largest droughts in recent decades: how is it possible that a strategic resource like water enjoys these management problems (and this lack of protection)? That question is indeed more complex than it seems. Image | Bob | Raiden32 In Xataka | The Atlas of Toxic Spain: this is the geography of pollution in our country

China’s government is discovering that selling cheap cars is not enough in Europe: spare parts will be insured

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China has proposed an objective: to become the New energy cars supplier of the world. HE esteem that the country exported about 4.3 million cars in 2024, of which 1.6 million were electric and almost 750,000 ‘They parked‘In some country in the European Union. Within China’s expansion policies, companies have made the decision of flood Europe with its cars. For this they are associating with already consolidated groups In our territory, but they have also opted for the most direct way: bring your cars directly in large ships and open dealers. It is what is allowing the expansion of brands like byd, Xpeng or Jaeco/omoda (and Those who are coming, like Xiaomi), But there is a problem: spare parts. We already told it a few days ago: the mechanics were Starting to see Chinese cars with good eyes. Even Euro NCAP, the agency responsible for giving a security score to cars in our territory, Consider that they are safer than many other brands. They are not the only ones: the CEO of Riviain has already said that Chinese cars were better And even Jim Farley, CEO of Ford, commented that He didn’t want to get off his Xiaomi Su7. The problem is when something fails And it’s time to ask for the replacement piece: you have to wait because you have to ask and, sometimes, that piece is easy for you to come … from China. Now it is the Chinese government itself who wants to settle that problem with a goal in mind: take care of the client. And for this they will regulate sales abroad through the ‘export licenses’. Export licenses, China’s weapon to improve the image of their cars In September 2012, China implemented a regulation called ‘Shang Chan Fa N318’ regulations. With it, a series of qualification requirements for national manufacturers were established that requested both cars and motorcycles. It was something that applied to both hybrid and combustion vehicles, but the electric were exempt. If companies could export everything they wanted without any regulation, Isn’t that good for expansion? Yes … and no. On the one hand, the aforementioned expansion is achieved, but irregularities could also be committed, a poor after -sales service and an absence of official guarantee were offered. Basically, “anyone” could bring the car, sell it and disregard. And there is the negative part, since if a user buys a car, fails or does not update and does not have any attention after the sale, that experience will not only do not return to Buy a Chinese carbut recommends not doing it. With the new export license that It will be implemented As of January 1, 2026 for cars that leave China, the government seeks to combat all that. And be careful, not only to Chinese manufacturers, but to companies that manufacture in China, regardless of its origin. In fact, four ministries are those who have jointly announced the measure (trade, industry and information technology, customs administration and the state administration for market regulation) and what companies that manufacture in China will have to do in China and want to sell their vehicles in other countries It will be to request a license that will be renewed annually.

The Z generation is discovering how fun it is to buy blindly

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Generation Z and late millennials are the first generation in human history raised by algorithms that predict and control every aspect of their digital experience. Spotify knows your mood. Netflix knows what movie they will want to watch this weekend. Instagram predicts what will hook and Amazon, what they are going to buy. Therefore, this same generation is willing to pay to experience something that previous generations were for granted when opening a box with a product: the surprise. It is not a passenger fad: hyperpreddicting has led us to value the unpredictable as a treasure. How one works BLIND BOX. Perhaps the clearest and popular example of armor boxes today are the Labubus. A lot of these are talking about these Mart dolls mart both for His extraordinary success as for the impact on the world of collecting and social networks. None of this would have happened if buyers could choose their dolls: but since the boxes are blind, there is a shortage of certain models, which multiplies their value. An addictive strategy for buyers and very profitable for manufacturers. Some figures. The figures also carry surprises: the global market of Blind Boxes generated more than 10,000 million dollars in 2023 And it is projected an annual growth rate of 5.4%advanceing more seated sectors such as textile or electronic. We are talking about buyers oriented between 18 and 35 years, the aforementioned generations, and that exhibit a rate of Repetition for buying nothing less than 73%superior to traditional products in the same price category. Not only Labubus. Pop Mart is the greatest case of success and the most media, but they have not been the only brands that have achieved it. One of the most recent peculiar cases is that of Kodak, which came to control 90% of the photographic film market, but He saw bankruptcy in 2012 with a crisis of mass layoffs and the arrival of the digital. However, Kodak has revalued physical photography with Blind Boxes Where you can find retro instantaneous cameras, Polaroid movie, photographic accessories and random products of different Kodak. Another success case: Minisothat arrived in Spain with a certain reputation of being a Chinese copy of Japanese products with greater prestige, thanks to collaborations with brands such as Disney, Pixar, Sanrio They have joined To all this Subculture of Blind Boxes. Result: Miniso sold more than 20 million Blind Boxes globally in 2023 and in countries like Spain they have opened stores exclusively to the phenomenon. Some reasons that explain this success. The rise of armor boxes occurs in a very specific cultural moment. It coincides with several cultural phenomena that converge. On the one hand there is nostalgia for the lost surprise, and that the first millennials took for granted: open packages of collectible chromes, buy discs without knowing at all if they would like, find treasures in second -hand stores … the armor boxes recreate that lost feeling. On the other hand is the search for authenticity in the artificial: in a world where everything can be simulated or predicted, a genuine surprise feels like a rare moment of authenticity. Passenger fashion or something else? At the moment, it is soon to determine if the Labubus have arrived to stay or the fashion will be as fleeting as The Sonny Angel. But beyond, what will happen to the surprise boxes? Brands like LEGO lead to the selling collection dolls pocketed in packages whose interior is not seen, but they had not finished curdling in the collecting market as Pop has achieved mart. In social networks, accounts are multiplied as @ASMRBLINDBAGS21 (more than three million followers), who systematically open all kinds of Blind Boxes. A fever around the apparently contradictory business of counting anything. Image | Alpha In Xataka | The fashion industry became obsessed with a rubber shoe that despised: Crocs understood before anyone who was a meme

Now we are discovering reality

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Passwords are a gain. Remembering them is an almost impossible mission, creating safe versions makes us entering several special symbols, and to top it off, we see leaks of these data from time to time. Therefore, the different technology companies seek a definitive solution to end them. One of the alternatives that is gaining more popularity is apparently simple and elegant: Enter the email or phone and receive a single -use code. But it is not completely safe. Large companies adopt the ‘Magic Link’. The login without password has been adopted by different companies such as Microsoft. The promise is clear: eliminate friction and risk of reused passwords in different services. However, what seems like an ingenious solution is becoming a security nightmare, a system that, in certain scenarios, can be even worse than the denoted passwords, as the expert Daniel Huang recognizes. And it is not a theoretical threat; It is already actively exploited. Introducing the email is the first step of deception. A priori seems like a simple and harmless system, and as users we are getting used to that If we receive a code you have to use it. But where? This is where a cyber of the intention finds a new reef for attacks of Phishing improperly effective. It all starts receiving an email or a SMS of Phishing Very convincing. It can be an irresistible offer or a security notice that attracts a lot of attention that is accompanied by access to a web page, which is a perfect clone to the original through which they are being passed in the SMS. This is where they ask that the phone or email be introduced, and it only remains to wait for the next step. Behind the screen is where the attacker is located. Where it is not seen, the hacker introduces the email or phone on the legitimate website, which makes the real service Send a six -digit code completely valid to the input tray or the mobile messages section. And here it is where the false website Ask that the verification code that has been received be introduced, taking advantage of the previous times where doing this had happened absolutely nothing. Here the damage is done. The code is received by the attacker who will use it on the Real website, starting session and changing all the login information as email or telephone to seize an account. And defense systems serve as little, since a password manager cannot self -model anything and as the code is legitimate and sent from a real service spam filters They will not jump either. A security problem that has already been exploited. This does not remain alone in theory, but has been put into practice. One of the most notorious examples is Microsoft’s login system for Minecraft accounts, as shown In the company forums either In Reddit threads. Many players point to how they lost access to the account of the morning due to this type of fraud. The employer was always the same: they received an email with some excuse about their Mojang account and following the steps delivered the hint access code in the silver tray. Classic access code or passwords. This is the great decision that must now be made by large companies. And one of the solutions that would guarantee have a safe password is A good password manager. In the event that it is of quality, access credentials are linked to a specific URL, and that is why if an illegitimate website will be accessed, the web address will not coincide and will not be self -realized. The best defense is common sense. With both access systems, 100% security is not achieved. In the past we have seen Very important password leaks, Like hackers They published very extensive files with credentialsthe robbery scams that have been reported either the strategies that are followed To make the robbery of credentials, Even in Chrome. That is why, as security councils, the most important thing is Check web addresses and distrust everything that can get out of the normal. Images | Brett Jordan Towfiqui Barbhuiya In Xataka | Si fraud: what is and why it is not recommended with a “yes” when it calls you an unknown number

We have been detecting a relationship between Herpes and Alzheimer’s years. Now we are discovering that treating one helps with the other

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A few years ago the scientists detected A strange coincidencea relationship between herpes virus and a neurodegenerative and noncommissible disease: Alzheimer’s. What at the time seemed a spurious and casual relationship, it seems more and more proven and proven. Adding tests. Now a new study He has obtained evidence of this relationship. However, perhaps the most important fact that we can extract from the new analysis has to do with vaccines against infection. According to the study, antiviral treatments against herpes are related to a 17% lower risk of suffering from Alzheimer’s, suggesting that treatment against this virus can protect us against the appearance of this form of dementia. HSV-1. In study he linked again the infection by the Herpes simplex virus Type 1 (HSV-1) with the appearance of Alzheimer’s disease, a form of dementia that is characterized by accumulation in the brain of beta-amyloid plates. Today we do not have a clear idea of ​​how this relationship occurs “(Some) studies have indicated that inflammatory alterations in the brain caused by HSV infection are central to the development of (the disease),” Explain the team Resposable study. “It is pointed out that peptides (beta-amyloids (Aβ)) are deposited in response to HSV infection and protect host cells (…). Consistently, they threw antimicrobial properties against several pathogens, including HSV-1,” they detail. 344,628 matches. In his study, the team He turned to 344,628 participants with Alzheimer who were paired with two participants without diagnosis but with similar characteristics. They observed that among people with Alzheimer’s 0.44% had been previously diagnosed with HSV-1, while only 0.25% of the control group had the same previous diagnosis. The analysis indicates that, taking into account other relevant factors, the probability of finding a previous HSV-1 diagnosis was 80% higher among people with Alzheimer’s than in people without the disease. The details of the study were published In an article In the magazine BMJ Open. Not only HSV-1. The study focused on a variant of the herpes virus but also paid attention to other pathogens of the “family”, such as the HSV-2, Varicela Zoster, or Citomegalovirus. They found a relationship between two of them (HSV-2 and Vicela Zoster) and a greater risk of Alzheimer’s. Understanding the causes. New studies will still be necessary that Explain biochemical mechanisms that explain this type of relationship between infectious processes and noncommunicable diseases. Only in this way can we establish the underlying causal relationships and, hopefully, to find more effective treatments in the fight against disorders as serious as cancer and Alzheimer’s. “Although there is a lot of research ahead to find out the reasons and mechanisms that lead from infection to a process of dementia that manifests many years later, the accumulation of the evidence suggests that the management of these infections, with treatments that are effective for all herpes, or with vaccines such as herpes zoster, is an interesting tool to reduce the risk or delay dementia” explained to SMC María Jesús Bullido Gómez-Heres, head of the Research Group Pathogenic mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease, who was not involved in the study. Not so non -transmissible diseases. This is not the only example of a noncommissible disease to which we have found a surprising relationship with past infections. A recent example We find it in colorectal cancer and its possible link with infections caused by bacteria Escherichia coli. In Xataka | We are getting closer to ahead of the arrival of Alzheimer’s. Knowing it can reassure us, but maybe too much Image | Matteo Vistocco / CDC/DR. Erskine Palmer

After the surprise, ‘La Revuelta’ is discovering to what extent ‘El Hormiguero’ is a complicated colossus to win

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Although in its first months of life the fight between ‘El Hormiguero’ and ‘La Revuelta’ He was fiercewith victories in audience almost alternating Mathematical, the situation has changed. David Broncano has not advanced ‘El Hormiguero’ for weeks, which puts the star program of the Nights of La1 in a hurry: he needs to find a way of counterattacking. A 2025 fall. The competition during the first months of ‘La Revuelta’ resulted at the end of last year with A tight victory: 15.7%against 15.6%, with Broncano beating more clearly in the strip of strict coincidence (16.3%/15%). But Something seems to be failing in 2025: The first quarter 46 days of ‘La Revuelta’ and 47 of ‘El Hormiguero’ were issued, and Antena 3 imposed on LA1: it obtained an average of 14.8% compared to 13.4%. In 35 days he won ‘El Hormiguero’. Second quarter with a clear winner. But in the April months And May the thing has not gone much better: in these five weeks, only three days got ‘the revolt’ to beat ‘El Hormiguero’ (April 2, 3 and 15, the last one being the motorcycle program a replacement). That is, the Broncano program has been advancing its rival for more than a month, with figures that are close to 10% of Shareeven often without exceeding it, while ‘El Hormiguero’ is accommodated closer to figures around Share 13-15. That is, not only does it advance to his rival, but his audience has dropped: he is far from that 14.8% he averaged in 2025. Is it a ‘the revolt’ disaster? Actually, they are not bad figures, especially if we compare with the average audience that La1 made in that strip of Access before the arrival of Broncano (for example, in the first half of 2024 the 1 averaged 9% share). Thanks to Broncano the 1 passed in the annual ranking of Ser the third most watched chain of 2024 to be the second (With the additional impulse, yes, of the Eurocup and the Olympic Games in June and July: it was in those months the most watched chain, after 12 years without leading a month). The figures of ‘La Revuelta’, as a whole, are not disastrous, but Broncano resists leadership. There is no surprise anymore. There is another possible reason for this fall: the known as “wow effect” (that is usually used in marketingbut it also serves any content proposal for the general public, such as television programs) is no longer that of the early days. Gone were the reaction to the theft of a guest with a Documentary about the Berrea del Ciervo By way of response, the splendid Amaia’s performance which closed 2024 or how two icons of the program, such as Broncano and Lalachús, attracted the attention in the New Year’s Eve bells. Since then, few actions in the program have achieved that effect: perhaps the Short around the lottery raffle or the striking LEIVA LIVE performance With numerous invited stars. Little thing for a program that has not been assigned to Trends of social networks, something that A few months ago I got almost daily. ‘La Revuelta’ no longer surprises the same. A formula that accuses tiredness. What could happen? One possibility is the exhaustion of the surprise effect: ‘La Revuelta’ started as ‘the resistance’ in Movistar Plus+ in February 2018, which is seven years in which the formula has barely experienced variations. It is an exhaustion that It does not affect the much more veteran motorcycle program: The solid but well -founded structure in some collaborators and sections that have been among the most watched on television make not evolving a problem for Broncano. For motorcycles, however, and as it has demonstrated by liquidating A rival behind another, His monolithic scaffolding is his main weapon. The TV family does not take off. It is not the only proposal of the renewed TVE that Sergio Calderón directs that does not finish finding its space before the competition. On its third day on antenna, after a Dubitative start with a ride‘The family of TV’ It fell yesterday to a very lazy 6.2%with only half of the fee that the winner, an increasingly grown Jorge Javier with 12.1% of Share. It was the most ambitious bet of this first half of 2025 for RTVE and the return of Belén Esteban to the front line awakened expectation, but the result does not seem to be convinced in its week of debut to the public. Header | Atresmedia / RTVE In Xataka | Broncano, Giró and Buenafuente: the plan of the new director of TVE to put the audience war upside down

Barcelona began to excavate to build a parking. Ended up discovering a medieval ship of 10 my and uncertain origin

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His intention was to build a new parking, but the team in charge of the works of the Ciutadella del Coneixementin Barcelona, ​​has ended up doing something very different: finding an archaeological finding that has already captured the interest of the historians of the Catalan capital. And it’s normal. What technicians have located under the ground of the city, to five meters Under the sea level, it is neither more nor less than a medieval long -won over 10 meters long and three wide. The first studies estimate that the boat dates from the fifteenth or sixteenth centuries, but questions are left to answer. What happened? That the Barcelona subsoil has just given a surprise (and a joy) to historians. Another one. A few weeks ago, during the construction works of the future Parking of the BSM in the Ciutadella del Coneixement, archaeologists located the remains of a ship that, according to the first estimates, would date from the fifteenth or sixteenth centuries. It is not the first once the work on the site of the old Mercat del Peix brought to light remains of historical interest, but as Recognize The Archeology Service of the Barcelona City Council is “exceptional”. Good proof is that the town hall has launched A statement (and a wide image gallery) to value the wreck and team of archaeologists in charge of documenting the remains has spoken with the means to clear some doubts. What have you discovered? The “partial remains Of a sunk ship “, a boat that ended up wafraling or abandoned and priori (already waiting for her to advance her study), experts have dated between the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. To be more precise, during their investigation, archaeologists have found a structure formed by thirty notebooks and part of the wooden pieces that covered the exterior of the fuselage. In total the pec ten meters long for just over three wide. “The tables are nailed in the notebooks with circular section timber, a kind of wooden nails that served to join the parts. Two longitudinal pieces set with iron nails are also preserved,” details The City Council Archeology Service. In the world’s surroundings, very fertile sand and alms have also been located that include “organic remains” of interest, such as hazelnut seeds or even pineapple remains. Do we know anything else? In addition to date it around the fifteenth and sixteenth, experts They point that the construction style of the ship was common in the Mediterranean medieval and extended throughout Europe from the mid -XV. They are however Some questions for responding, as its exact origin or what function I played. To clear some of those unknowns archaeologists are also investigating the remains of seeds and alms that surround the wreck. What will happen to him? The City Council He has stressed The importance of the finding because it is “a unique source of knowledge” on navigation and naval construction techniques that were used in the Barcelona of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. However, not everything is in his favor. The remains are found in a “very fragile state of conservation”, which forces experts to be cautious. To prevent the soaked from drying and degraded by being exposed to the weather, the technicians have partially kept it with the sand that has been used for centuries. The objective of the Archeology Service of Barcelona and the Archaeological Museum of Catalonia is now to document the remains and “guarantee the conservation” of the wreck, which has already been baptized as ‘Citadel I’. “The first actions have included three -dimensional documentation works, the marking of the pieces, the sampling and the preparation of the transfer in containers full of water that ensure the temporary conservation of the remains,” The Consistory requires. The materials will be transferred to “specialized facilities” so that they can treat them with water and hydrosoluble wax, a substance with which the structure is to be reinforced. What tells us about Barcelona? The wreck is not interesting only for the boat itself and what can be told about medieval navigation or naval. Another key is what can tell us about the development of Barcelona. After all, the remains appeared in the old Mercat del Peix, at a depth of more than five meters under sea level. Archaeologists have already They slid that its location can be related to the transformation of the maritime front. “The finding, which from a technical point of view is known as melter, is part of a historical context of transformation of the maritime front. From 1439, with the construction of the first artificial tenazes, the dynamics of the coastline was altered and the sand bar known as the task, which had protected the city for centuries” Clarify The City Council. In 2008 it was already located A similar ship near the station of France. Images | Barcelona’s Decrease In Xataka | We finally know what sailors ate at the high seas in the 16th century. Thanks to the CSIC and a sunk galeon

Low intensity magnetars are among the most unique objects of the cosmos. We are now discovering their secrets

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The Magenetares They are among the strangest objects in the universe. The key characteristic of these neutron stars is their magnetism, but understanding the origin of this is not so simple. Explaining magnetism. Now a new study He has revealed That the origin of the magnetism of some magnetares, the so-called “low intensity”, is found in a phenomenon we call Tayler-Spruit dynamo. The new job, explain those responsible, resolves a mystery emerged more than a decade ago. Of low intensity. Magnetares are neutron stars, objects of great density that arise after the outbreak of some supernovae that give the death of large mass stars. These objects are characterized by their magnetic fields although, as we have discovered in recent years, these fields are not always comparable. Low intensity magnetares objects have between one and 10 tera-gauss (between 0.1 and 1 giga-tesla), which is one or two orders of magnitude lower than what was used to be considered defining in the “classic” magnetars. Despite this low intensity, this type of magnetar produces x -ray emissions similar to conventional ones. The important difference in the intensity of the magnetic fields of one and the other have led astronomers to press that the magnetism of each other has a different origin. Simulating a star. To understand what was happening in low intensity magnetars to generate their peculaires magnetic fields, the team responsible for the new study He turned to a numerical simulation with which they modeled the magnetic-thermal evolution of these objects. They observed a “dynamo process” (called Tayler-Spruit) that was given in the proto-strolle of neutrons, a process capable of generating low intensity fields from movement such as those observed in this type of stars. Relapse. According to Explain the responsible teamthe key is in the birth of these neutron stars, in the explosions of the supernovas in which they originate. As the model shows, the great of the star expelled in the outbreak ends up falling back to the new neutron star, which makes this faster unleashing this dynamo of Tayler-Spruit The details of the work were published In an article In the magazine Nature Astronomy. Five of 30. Magnetars are objects on which we still have much to learn. To illustrate this a fact can be useful: to date we have only discovered about thirty of these objects in the immensity of the observable universe. Of these only five are what we call low intensity magnetars. In Xataka | The James Webb has just shown us some waves of colossal stars that would make our solar system small Image | NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab

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