Barcelona began to excavate to build a parking. Ended up discovering a medieval ship of 10 my and uncertain origin

His intention was to build a new parking, but the team in charge of the works of the Ciutadella del Coneixementin Barcelona, ​​has ended up doing something very different: finding an archaeological finding that has already captured the interest of the historians of the Catalan capital. And it’s normal. What technicians have located under the ground of the city, to five meters Under the sea level, it is neither more nor less than a medieval long -won over 10 meters long and three wide. The first studies estimate that the boat dates from the fifteenth or sixteenth centuries, but questions are left to answer. What happened? That the Barcelona subsoil has just given a surprise (and a joy) to historians. Another one. A few weeks ago, during the construction works of the future Parking of the BSM in the Ciutadella del Coneixement, archaeologists located the remains of a ship that, according to the first estimates, would date from the fifteenth or sixteenth centuries. It is not the first once the work on the site of the old Mercat del Peix brought to light remains of historical interest, but as Recognize The Archeology Service of the Barcelona City Council is “exceptional”. Good proof is that the town hall has launched A statement (and a wide image gallery) to value the wreck and team of archaeologists in charge of documenting the remains has spoken with the means to clear some doubts. What have you discovered? The “partial remains Of a sunk ship “, a boat that ended up wafraling or abandoned and priori (already waiting for her to advance her study), experts have dated between the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. To be more precise, during their investigation, archaeologists have found a structure formed by thirty notebooks and part of the wooden pieces that covered the exterior of the fuselage. In total the pec ten meters long for just over three wide. “The tables are nailed in the notebooks with circular section timber, a kind of wooden nails that served to join the parts. Two longitudinal pieces set with iron nails are also preserved,” details The City Council Archeology Service. In the world’s surroundings, very fertile sand and alms have also been located that include “organic remains” of interest, such as hazelnut seeds or even pineapple remains. Do we know anything else? In addition to date it around the fifteenth and sixteenth, experts They point that the construction style of the ship was common in the Mediterranean medieval and extended throughout Europe from the mid -XV. They are however Some questions for responding, as its exact origin or what function I played. To clear some of those unknowns archaeologists are also investigating the remains of seeds and alms that surround the wreck. What will happen to him? The City Council He has stressed The importance of the finding because it is “a unique source of knowledge” on navigation and naval construction techniques that were used in the Barcelona of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. However, not everything is in his favor. The remains are found in a “very fragile state of conservation”, which forces experts to be cautious. To prevent the soaked from drying and degraded by being exposed to the weather, the technicians have partially kept it with the sand that has been used for centuries. The objective of the Archeology Service of Barcelona and the Archaeological Museum of Catalonia is now to document the remains and “guarantee the conservation” of the wreck, which has already been baptized as ‘Citadel I’. “The first actions have included three -dimensional documentation works, the marking of the pieces, the sampling and the preparation of the transfer in containers full of water that ensure the temporary conservation of the remains,” The Consistory requires. The materials will be transferred to “specialized facilities” so that they can treat them with water and hydrosoluble wax, a substance with which the structure is to be reinforced. What tells us about Barcelona? The wreck is not interesting only for the boat itself and what can be told about medieval navigation or naval. Another key is what can tell us about the development of Barcelona. After all, the remains appeared in the old Mercat del Peix, at a depth of more than five meters under sea level. Archaeologists have already They slid that its location can be related to the transformation of the maritime front. “The finding, which from a technical point of view is known as melter, is part of a historical context of transformation of the maritime front. From 1439, with the construction of the first artificial tenazes, the dynamics of the coastline was altered and the sand bar known as the task, which had protected the city for centuries” Clarify The City Council. In 2008 it was already located A similar ship near the station of France. Images | Barcelona’s Decrease In Xataka | We finally know what sailors ate at the high seas in the 16th century. Thanks to the CSIC and a sunk galeon

Low intensity magnetars are among the most unique objects of the cosmos. We are now discovering their secrets

The Magenetares They are among the strangest objects in the universe. The key characteristic of these neutron stars is their magnetism, but understanding the origin of this is not so simple. Explaining magnetism. Now a new study He has revealed That the origin of the magnetism of some magnetares, the so-called “low intensity”, is found in a phenomenon we call Tayler-Spruit dynamo. The new job, explain those responsible, resolves a mystery emerged more than a decade ago. Of low intensity. Magnetares are neutron stars, objects of great density that arise after the outbreak of some supernovae that give the death of large mass stars. These objects are characterized by their magnetic fields although, as we have discovered in recent years, these fields are not always comparable. Low intensity magnetares objects have between one and 10 tera-gauss (between 0.1 and 1 giga-tesla), which is one or two orders of magnitude lower than what was used to be considered defining in the “classic” magnetars. Despite this low intensity, this type of magnetar produces x -ray emissions similar to conventional ones. The important difference in the intensity of the magnetic fields of one and the other have led astronomers to press that the magnetism of each other has a different origin. Simulating a star. To understand what was happening in low intensity magnetars to generate their peculaires magnetic fields, the team responsible for the new study He turned to a numerical simulation with which they modeled the magnetic-thermal evolution of these objects. They observed a “dynamo process” (called Tayler-Spruit) that was given in the proto-strolle of neutrons, a process capable of generating low intensity fields from movement such as those observed in this type of stars. Relapse. According to Explain the responsible teamthe key is in the birth of these neutron stars, in the explosions of the supernovas in which they originate. As the model shows, the great of the star expelled in the outbreak ends up falling back to the new neutron star, which makes this faster unleashing this dynamo of Tayler-Spruit The details of the work were published In an article In the magazine Nature Astronomy. Five of 30. Magnetars are objects on which we still have much to learn. To illustrate this a fact can be useful: to date we have only discovered about thirty of these objects in the immensity of the observable universe. Of these only five are what we call low intensity magnetars. In Xataka | The James Webb has just shown us some waves of colossal stars that would make our solar system small Image | NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab

We know that bad sleep can make our appetite more difficult. Now we are discovering why

The peptide similar to type 1 glucagon (or LPG-1) is a key hormone in the regulation of appetite and the feeling of satiety. His name may not be immediately familiar to us but we have heard long and taught about compounds that act as their analogues. Compounds such as Semaglutida, which if it still doesn’t sound to us probably does one of the names with which it is marketed: Ozempic. New hormone. Now a study announces a New mechanism which could lead to similar results. The difference is in the hormone in question. And it is that the new work has found a hormone also linked to our appetite, which they have baptized as Raptina. It is a hormone also linked to our sleep cycles. Sleep and obesity. Exists A relationship quite Documented between sleep and overweight quality (and also with certain metabolic diseases). We can intuit that people who sleep worse rest less and therefore are less likely to burn the calories they consume, but some previous studies seem to have observed that this is not the case. Rather opposite: When we sleep more this does not seem to affect the energy we spend so much but We tend to consume it more. In other words, when we rest more we eat more calories, but without substantial changes in our physical activity. The hormones of appetite. To explain this phenomenon, the team was searching for compounds that could be behind this increase in our appetite. They found a hypochipothalamic hormone derived from the RCN2 protein (Reticulocalbin-2) to which they called Raptina (Raptin). This hormone is present in both mice and humans. The team observed that the presence of this hormone reached its peaks while we slept, and that the lack of sleep was linked to a lower presence of the compound in our body. They also observed that this hormone adhered to metabrotropic receptors 3 (GRM3) in the Hypothalamus neurons inhibiting appetite, and in the stomach also inhibiting gastric emptying. Finding the finding. The team contrasted its observations, first analyzing how sleep problems affected the secretion of this hormone in patients with obesity. Secondly, they found through a genetic analysis that people with variants in the RCN2 gene that reduced the ability to segregate this hormone were linked to obesity and the so -called “night feeding syndrome”. The details of the study were published In an article In the magazine Cell Research. A race at multiple speeds. The success of Ozempic, the drug against diabetes converted into treatment to lose weight, has led numerous laboratories to redouble their efforts in the search for a compound capable of emulating its fame. The advantage in this “career” has been obtained with the same effects. Until one of those treatments arrives, what we can detach from this study is that, if our goal is to lose weight, an indispensable step is to try to sleep more and sleep better. In Xataka | Dopamine is one of the best known hormones of our body. It is actually much more than that Image | Monstera / I Yunmai

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