The most difficult thing to succeed with the arrow in Barcelona’s pebetero 92 was that it was not noticed that there was a trick

1992 was a year that will be remembered for many years in Spain. More than thirty years ago, but the economic and social footprint left Olympics of Barcelonathe Seville Expo And everything that surrounded both events still does not blur at all. Although we already know that “There was trick“Even in details as memorable as the flame arrow lighting the pebetero at the opening ceremony of the Olympics. What (we thought) happened. The torch entered the stadium in the hands of the largest Spanish medalist at that time, Palist Herminio Menéndez. Juan Antonio San Epifanio -EPI-, player of the Spanish Basketball Team, was in charge of taking it to the point where the Paralympic Arch Arch of Antonio Rebollo champion was waiting for him. The torch turned on an athlete’s arrow, which fired it through 86 meters from the stadium until it fell into the pebetero, lighting the Olympic flame between the clamor of the crowd of 50,000 people who crowded the stadium (plus 3.5 billion that watched him on television. What really happened. Rebollo faced A series of challenges that on television were not entirely clear. To start, the stadium was dark, so he had to take the dark shot, with the sole exception of a reflection indicated by the direction in which the Pebetero was. But the truth is that the arrow not only did the pebetero right, but should not do it: it had to pass a few meters away. The camera shot would make the rest, in a triquiñuela of perspectives that film directors know well and that makes it very complicated for the viewer to measure the distances. That is why there was an expert from the cinema. A film trick. To carry out the trick, there was Ábades Reyesveteran special effects designer and absolute reference of the sector in our cinema. He collaborated in more than 350 feature films, but it is in this event where he led to his most watched trick on a global scale. He won nine Goya awards and his are the effects of films such as ‘Oh, Carmela!’, It turns on yes or yes. Abades placed two of his collaborators outside the enclosure to pick up the arrow that would not have impacted the pebetero. Meanwhile, he would take care that the gas that came out of the pebetero became inflamed, something that would have happened in any case. That is, although Rebollo would have failed by many more meters than the planned and the perspective of the camera would have been useless, the flame would have turned on. Test and error. Of course, it was not the first time Rebollo shot the arrow. There were a series of essays in which Ábades could, for example, experiment with different materials for projectiles, and find one that would not go out during the flight. And they could also verify that it was not recommended that the date impact the alleged target, because it could spoil the gas outlet. A series of useless precautions because the illusion was simply perfect. Header | RTVE In Xataka | The three technological innovations that would change the history of the Olympic Games forever

China built the largest high speed network in record time. Now you want something more difficult: improve it

China has already shown that you can do what no other country has achieved: display in record time The largest high speed network on the planet. But it is not enough to have it. The new challenge is even more complex: to improve it, make it more efficient, more connected, more useful for the economy. And that demands less colorful, but equally ambitious decisions. To grow quickly to grow well. Between 2021 and 2024, China added 10,000 Kilometers of track to your high speed network. The figure impresses, but it is no longer what defines success. The Ministry of Transportation has made it clear that the current objective is not to extend the railway map without pause, but to squeeze its potential. In fact, The country has set As a goal to reach 50,000 operating kilometers before the end of 2025. The network adds 48,000 kilometers, more than 70 % of the world total, and connects 97 % of cities with more than 500,000 inhabitants. Millions of travelers, but there is still a margin of improvement. Only in the first half of 2025, Chinese high -speed trains They transported 2,240 million people. The figure impresses, but the authorities are not formed. The objective now is to make this system more comfortable, more predictable and better coordinated with the rest of the transport ecosystem, from the urban metro to airports. High speed yes, but also logistics. China wants its high -speed trains to cease to be just a solution for travelers. The new approach includes routes adapted to the transport of goods, interconnections with airports and sea nodes, and improvements to integrate the system into the production chain. What is at stake is no longer only mobility, but the country’s competitiveness. Beyond traditional rails. While the current network is kept, China develops new generations of trains, such as magnetic levitation. These advances do not seek to replace what is built, but prepare for a future where speed, autonomy and sustainability are key. The country has already tried prototypes that reach 600 km/h In cities like Qingdao. Figures that impress. Security that holds. Moving millions every day with punctuality is an achievement. Doing it without major incidents, for years, it is even more. China has built a network that not only runs quickly, but aims to resist earthquakes, storms and overloads. According to Xinhuasince 2012 no serious accident has been registered in the high speed network. Centralized planning. Faced with chronic delays that affect many countries, China has maintained a clear strategy: centralized decisions, sustained investment and state control of the process. It is not a perfect model – there are errors, cost overruns and debatable decisions. But its results in deployment and integration are difficult to ignore. A mature network, a major challenge. As we have seen, the Asian giant continues to expand its network, especially towards interior and less connected regions. However, it is no longer just about adding cities to the map. The real challenge is another: to ensure that a gigantic infrastructure works better and better, with less margin of error and more logistics demands. The stage of the big deployments is giving way to the stage of precision. Images | N509FZ (Wikimedia Commons – CC by-SA 4.0) | N509FZ In Xataka | China has not only created the world’s broader high -speed network: it wants to operate it at 1,000 km/Hy has taken a new step

If interpreting a magnetic resonance it seems difficult it is because it is. That is why we are developing help: an AI

The expectations are high: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been promising for some time to be the next great revolution in medicine. Even aware of this revolution, the tools based on this concept are gaining step step by step in the area of ​​medical sciences. One of the most recent steps has been given by a team of researchers in Malaga. Improve images. The step in question has to do with the techniques used to take medical images. The new tool Improve automatic segmentation Of medical images, which in turn allows us to reduce errors in the analysis of complex images, says the team itself. Segmentation. But what exactly is that automatic medical image segmentation? According to Explain the team itselfmedical segmentation consists in “delimiting anatomical structures or lesions in medical images.” Thus it is possible not only to diagnose certain diseases more effectively, but also to more easily locate injuries and improve precision in certain treatments. However, this task is not always easy due to the limitations of the techniques used to take these images, such as magnetic resonances and tomographs. “The precision in the segmentation of medical images is essential to improve diagnoses and treatments,” detailed in a press release Ezequiel López Rubio, who led the study. Our approach demonstrates that it is possible to optimize the reliability of AI models by applying trial time increase techniques, which opens new possibilities in the field of computational medical image. ” In Xataka The Chinese company Alibaba has an AI to detect pancreatic cancer. It is so good that the US has accelerated its approval Medsam. For the development of the tool, the team started from a New Model of AI called Medsam, a model that combined with the TTA technique (Test-Time Augmentation). This combination allows, the team itself points out, introduce small transformations in the images at the time of being analyzed. Thus it is possible to achieve a “more robust system against variations”, with better precision in segmented contours. Promising results. With Regarding the resultsThe team stressed that the new tool “significantly improves precision” if we compare it with traditional segmentation methods, achieving greater reliability. This greater reliability would be key in images with noise or with little quality, something that, stand out, is common in clinical practice. Another relevant point for those who have formulated this new tool is flexibility of the methodology and its ability to adapt to different image taking technologies. The details of the study were published In an article In the magazine Mathematics. {“videoid”: “x8px49v”, “autoplay”: fals, “title”: “Antibiotics are no longer effective and the problem is superbacteria”, “Tag”: “Webedia-prod”, “Duration”: “327”} The new border. Artificial intelligence continues to see rapid expansion. An expansion that It covers medical disciplines. A good example of this are the diagnostic tools, whose precision would have managed to overcome the “clinical eye” of health personnel, according to They hold their developers. We still cannot trust our health at AI, but of course the potential of these tools when assisting health professionals and patients themselves grows day by day. These tools are a promising future, but at least for now they are just that. In Xataka | Surgeons are facing a new challenge: patients who want to resemble their double created by AI Image | Accuray (Function () {Window._js_modules = Window._js_modules || {}; var headelement = document.getelegsbytagname (‘head’) (0); if (_js_modules.instagram) {var instagramscript = Document.Createlement (‘script’); }}) (); – The news If interpreting a magnetic resonance it seems difficult it is because it is. That is why we are developing help: an AI It was originally posted in Xataka by Pablo Martínez-Juarez .

Amancio Ortega learned how difficult it is to enter the top 10 of greatest fortunes. Has also learned how easy it is to go out

Amancio Ortega is not having the best welcome to the summer and, for the second consecutive week, it records negative figures in the assessment of its heritage for the stagnation of the price of its main source of income: Inditex. The Spanish millionaire has lost two positions in the last fifteen days and, with it, he leaves, the least provisionally, the “top 10” of greater fortunes of the planet that Forbes updates in real time. The difficult thing is not to arrive, it is to stay At the beginning of 2024, the Millionaire Leones based in La Coruña, became part of the select 100,000 million clubas prelude to sneak between the top 10 of the greatest fortunes in the world. The founder of Inditex had to wait almost a year to finally, ascend until the tenth position in the List of greater fortunes of Forbes. Since then, Ortega has changed his position to the stock bursatiles caused by the Trump tariff war. However, the veteran investor had remained more or less stable between the eighth and ninth position thanks to the stability they provided Your real estate investments With Pontegadea, which contributed to maintaining its fortune at about 131.8 billion dollars. However, the assessment of his fortune has not stopped suffer setbacks Since Inditex presented its quarterly accounts. Although the results were positive, with a growth of 1.5%, to 8,247 million euros, the investors of the multinational textile believe that They are not good enough for its low growth. As a consequence, the firm’s actions initiated a bearish rally dragging in its fall to the fortune of its main shareholder, with 59,294% assigned to their societies put investments (50.010%) and Partler 2006 (9,284%). Inditex is still decisive for Ortega To put the fall in context In your quotethe day before the presentation of results, the price of the action closed at 49.21 euros, today the action is quoted at 43.39 euros, its lowest price since April 2025. With this data, the firm led By Marta Ortega It is left 13.73% so far this year. This progressive fall of this asset has had a direct impact on the assessment of fortune. In the last hours He has registered falls estimated at more than 2.3 billion dollars, placing its fortune at 117.6 billion dollars. After this fall in the assessment of his heritage, the Spanish millionaire is in the twelfth position behind Michael Dell, which with an estimated heritage of 121.1 billion stands in the eleventh position of the Forbes ranking. However, Ortega is fair ahead of Bill Gates, which with 116.5 billion dollars as a fortune is in the thirteenth position. The place of Amancio Ortega in the Top 10 of Millionaires of Forbes It occupies it Now Jensen Huang, co -founder and CEO of Nvidia, which amounts to the tenth place with a fortune of 134,500 after adding 5,500 million to the estimation of its heritage. In Xataka | The list of the richest people in Spain in 2025: many changes in the figures, but not in the protagonists Image | Gtres, Unspash (Praswin Prakashan)

It is increasingly difficult to distinguish whether the last viral chorra video is made with the or not. And it gives us exactly the same

Open any social network that we have installed on our mobile phone, run into a video created by AI and … split the box. That entertainment has changed in recent years was as inevitable as logical. We no longer see the comedy club, we listen to Juan the fishingman by WhatsAppand we no longer wait for the news to interview students recently out of the PAU, We hook ourselves to your reactions in Tiktok. So far, they are only the same usual realities taken to the new consumption platforms. The key is that we are starting to entertain ourselves without knowing if what we see is real or not. And it gives us absolutely the same. The reporter, the hole, and the pig. If you have opened X or Instagram in the last week you may have encountered A video that has three key elements. A reporter telling the last minute news live A couple of motorists who fall into a huge hole A pig that appears running from behind and the one pursued by the reporter The key is not in the video. It is in the conversation. Do not look for more plot, because there is not. Nor does it seem necessary to stretch the gum: this video accumulated more than one million downloads in X a few hours from its publication. And it is just the tip of the iceberg. The new YouTube. YouTube is the best example of how the culture of the video generated by AI is reaching unimaginable dimensions a few years ago. Rabbit’s Journey It is one of the strongest channels in entertainment by AI. They are simply absurd stories, in which we see stories at the level of: A rabbit is a baby in the middle of the field He is friends with a cow It takes a milk bottle He gives it to the baby and dances cheerful It ends up facing a gigantic threatening gorilla who ends up being shot by a man who passed by More than 640 visits has the video, and almost three million subscribers have the channel. Calling you “crocodile bombardino” The probabilities of success are 100%. Tum Tum Sahur. When a few days ago, at the Corpus Christi Fair of Granada I saw in the classic street post a tung tung sahur, I knew that the joke was out of hand: it had transcended outside the Internet. Tiktok fever of characters created by AI and with names as rimbombantes as Trallero Tralala, Tung Tung Sahur or Crocodile Bombardino. The tung tung videos dancing Broken 100 million downloadsabsolutely remote figures from what the most powerful youtubers in Spain are achieved in shorts such as Mikecrack either Vegeta 777. Its content? Always brief and most absurd. It is not something new. The entertainment contents by AI are beginning to end up exploding in 2025, but we have been with some most particular attempts. YouTube had to eliminate copyright (and how it was growing) the channel of Ai sponeboba channel that transmitted in 2023 spongebob contents modified by AI. WatchmeForever He has been broadcasting on Twitch for two years uninterruptedlya pixel-art channel generated with AI that accumulates more than 143,000 followers. It does not matter if it is real or not. The entertainment is consumed rapid and, the AI ​​is at a point where this consumption Fast food He doesn’t even let us think if what we are seeing is real or not. And this, deep down, has never imported. The phenomenon is similar to the rise of fake news in 2016. studies such as “The Science of Fake News” They demonstrated that false beliefs do not maintain because people believe them: they stay because people want to believe them. A good example are the millions of people who are now hooked on Olympic Games in which cats participate. Cats that, of course, do not exist. Towards the indistinguishable. Videos such as the reporter and the pig are created with the latest versions of VI, the Google video generation engine. The key here is that the interannual advance of these models is more than remarkable. Recently I could try I see 2 in Geminiwith my mobile (the latest version is I see 3), and the results were already brutal. The next generations of text to video leave us before a clear future: one in which we will have no idea whether or not the content is created by an AI, and in which it will give us absolutely the same as so. In Xataka | Free mega-guide: 45 artificial intelligence tools without cost to help you with all kinds of tasks

If the problem is too difficult, they give up immediately

Machines do not think, that’s an illusion. We do not say it, a group of Apple researchers who have just published a revealing study entitled precisely (‘The illusion of thinking‘). In it these experts have analyzed the performance of several AI models With the ability to “reason”and their conclusions are striking … and worrying. Puzzles for the “reason”. The normal thing when evaluating the ability of an AI model is to use benchmarks with programming or mathematics tests, for example. Instead, Apple created several Tests based on logical puzzles that were totally new and that therefore could not be part of the training of these models. Claude Thinking, Deepseek-R1 and O3-mini participated in the evaluation. Models that crash. In their tests They checked Like all these reasoning models, they ended up starring Bruces against a wall when they faced complex problems. In those cases, the accuracy of these models fell resorted to 0%. It was also not matched that you granted more resources to these models when trying to solve those problems. If they were of some difficulty, they could not with them. They get tired of thinking. In fact, something curious happened. As the problems became more complicated, these models began to think no more, but less. They used less tokens to solve them and riddled before they could use unlimited resources. Not with help. Apple researchers even tried to give the models An exact algorithm that guided the models to find the solution step by step. And here, another capital surprise: none of the models managed to solve problems despite having those guided solutions. They could not follow instructions consistently. These graphs show the differences between models that do not reason (Deepseek-V3) with those who do (deepseek-r1) in low complexity (yellow), medium (blue) and high (red) problems. There are only advantages for “reasoning” in medium difficulty problems. In the high models they simply collapse. Source: Apple. Three types of problems. In their evaluation they divided the problems to be solved in three classes and verified if the reasoning models really contributed something to the traditional models that do not “reason.” Low complexity problems: reasoning models effectively surpassed those who did not have that reasoning capacity. Of course, they often think too much to solve these simple problems. Average complexity problems: there was still some advantage over conventional models, but not too much. High complexity problems: All models ended up starring these problems. Thinking, nothing. According to these researchers, the reason for this failure when reasoning in complex problems is simple. These models do not “reason” at alland all they do is use advanced patterns recognition techniques to solve problems. That does not work with complex problems, and there the foundations of these models are completely falling apart. Given these problems, if a model is given clear instructions and more resources should improve and be able to try to solve them, but this study demonstrates otherwise. Far from AGI. What these results suggest is that the expectation that these models have generated is undeserved: the current reasoning models simply fail to move from a certain barrier by adding data or computing. Some pointed to how reasoning models could be a possible way Towards the search for the AGIbut the conclusions of this study reveal that in fact we are not closer to achieving models that can be considered general artificial intelligence. They do not find solutions, they memorize and copy them. In fact, the study corroborated something that others defended in the past: These models simply have knowledge, and reproduce the solution they already had memorized when they find corresponding patterns that lead to that solution. Thus, these models could solve the famous problem of the Hanoi towers From many movements because they once know the solution can be applied systematically. However, in other puzzles they failed to the few movements. Stochastic parrots. Many of the critics of the AI ​​always They have defended That the generative models, reason or not, are basically parrots that repeat what has been taught. In the case of AI they detect patterns and are able to find/predict the following word/pixel when generating text or images. The result is usually convincing, but just because they have become extremely good when detecting these patterns and responding properly and coherently. But it is not new knowledge: it is to repeat the queya. They don’t think. Other critical experts of these expectations have been alerting us to alert us for the dangers of anthropomorphism of the IAS. I explained it Subbarao Kambhampti, from the University of Arizona, which, for example, analyzed the “reasoning” process of these models and their “chain of thought”. We use verbs like “think”, when they don’t think. They do not understand what they do, and that contaminates all the assumptions we do about their capacity (or lack of it). Do not trust what the AI ​​tells you. The behavior of these models confirms what is known since Chatgpt appeared on the scene. As convincing that these models may seem – “reason” or not – the reality is that they can make serious mistakes and make mistakes, although others certainly right. In fact there are cases in which these models do surprise by their ability to solve problems: In Scientific American A group of mathematicians were overcome by an AI model that managed to solve some of the most complex mathematical problems that they failed to solve, or that took longer to solve. Image | Puzzle Guy In Xataka | Copilot, Chatgpt and GPT-4 have changed the world of programming forever. This is thought of programmers

Samsung had it difficult with its exynos processors. Google and Xiaomi have only aggravated their situation

The future of Samsung processors is an unknown. The company It crosses one of the most difficult stages in its historyunable to follow competitors such as TSMC and SK Hynix. One of the few shelters who stayed beyond exynos in Galaxy were the Google Pixel. Google’s mobiles incoporab tensor chips manufactured by the South Korean giant. But the agreement between both companies comes to an end, after years of criticism for the low performance of the Google Pixel with respect to its direct competence. The turn of Google TSMC, accompanied by giants such as Xiaomi demonstrating what they are capable with the help of TSMC They put Samsung in an even more delicate situation: they need to demonstrate that they are competitive in chips, and need customers who trust them. Goodbye to Samsung. Google, According to Taiwanese sourceshas closed an interannual agreement with TSMC for the manufacture of its tensioner processors. It is a collaboration that, in case Google wants it (they are still those who have the power to design the chip), you can completely change the Google Pixel as we know them today. According to Digitimes, Google executives recently visited the TSMC headquarters in Taiwan to close a cooperation agreement between three and five years. Own design … or mediatek. Although it is an open secret that Google will have processors with TSMC technology, we are not sure if they will design them or if they will leave this work in the hands of a third manufacturer. Recent leaks talk about An alliance between Google and Mediatekone that would make enough sense. MediaTek is known for offering a better quality-price compared to Qualcomm, and solutions such as dimensity 9400 have proven to live up to the best chips on the market. The Xiaomi case. Betting on TSMC is betting on the winning horse, Xiaomi knows it well. The Chinese company has designed one of the best processors in the market, at the height of the most powerful and efficient of the moment: the Apple A18 Pro, Qualcomm Snapdragon 8 Elite and the Mediatek 9400 Dimensity. What Samsung has not achieved in all his career with Exynos has achieved by Xiaomi with the first chip that is taken seriously. The second generation process of TSMC three nanometers is fantastic, and they have not hesitated to get on this ship. The exynos 2500. We have been listening to the Exynos 2500the processor that will allegedly give life to the Galaxy Z Flip7. The problem? The same as always. According to Geekbench data, your scores are far from the current high -end chips. Specifically, yield as a Snapdragon 8 Gen 3. Being a new horn processor, to perform as a platform almost two years ago is not the best news for the company. At the moment, this is filtered information, and it will remain to verify how this processor pays in the final units. The race for the two nanometers. With its main rivals betting on TSMC (including Samsung herself, which currently uses Qualcomm Chips in her best mobiles), and without customers like Google, Samsung needs to rival TSMC and attract new customers to make chips. The exynos division is losing moneyand the manufacture of their processors It has been falling eight percentage points In the last five years. Samsung wants its second production plant in Taylor (USA) Reutersdue to lack of customers who make it viable. This factory will assume the manufacture of semiconductors with two nanometers lithographic nodes, an essential role for Samsung to fight to recover its competitiveness against giants such as TSMC. Image | Xataka In Xataka | Google Pixel 9A, Analysis: The mobile that reminded me why I like so much Android

The European motorcycle has it more difficult than ever

KTM has dodged the bullet. Or, rather, it has made them extract before bleak. Of being One of the main manufacturers in Europe went on to face a critical financial situation and insurmountable without external help. Factory closures, stop in the production and commitment of a complete restructuring plan to get out of the hole. KTM has been rescued from bankruptcy, although its future is still in the air. Why is it important. KTM is One of the historical brands in the world of motorcycle. An Austrian with almost a hundred years of history, and a wide presence in the main best -selling segments in the world: trail and naked. It is one of the few companies with a presence in Moto GPand one of the few European survivors with BMW and Triumph. In a nutshell, losing KTM was losing a European giant. Where bankruptcy comes from. The KTM crisis It is mainly due to a simple reason: they sold a lot, but They did not earn enough money. It is a company that did not hesitate to make strong investments to grow in emerging markets, development for new models and participation in competitions such as GP. This ended up translating in motorcycles notably more expensive about its competition. A snowball that resulted in a global reduction in the demand for their motorcycles, overproduction problems (they failed to sell everything they made) and a debt of more than 2,000 million euros. Safe. As they collect in Motorpasionthe Austrian company has confirmed obtaining the necessary financing to carry out its restructuring plan. “Piere Mobility Ag and KTM AG have received financing commitments, subject to the execution of the corresponding agreements, which They will guarantee that the fees of the quotas can be fulfilled on time. “ An oxygen ball in the form of 600 million euros that KTM had to deposit to avoid bankruptcy. It is news that It was ahead in February 2025after This plan is approved and be waiting for the deposit. The person in charge. Although KTM has not directly expressed who is responsible for this economic injection, all eyes are in Bajaj Auto. This Indian giant has 49.9% Piere Bajaj Ag (KTM matrix), and has been injecting millions for more than two years to keep its production line afloat. Bajaj is also interested in keeping KTM alive. The group is in full expansion in Europe with their own bass motorcycles, and rescuing KTM is a good plan to stay in a privilege position within the motorcycle world. What happens now. KTM is obliged to meet a restructuring plan. What we still do not know is how they plan to reverse this situation to be a competitive brand again. Adjusting the production to the sales forecast, reviewing the price strategy and focusing on low -cost models aim to be three of the pillars that, or not, will have to start cementing. Although KTM will continue producing flagship models In Austria, India will be the country of choice for its motorcycles of 125 and 390, at the hands of Bajaj Auto. The European motorcycle, more and more exception. There are currently only three European brands in the best -selling top 10 motorcycles in April 2025. The first is BMW, which occupies the seventh position. In positions ten -nine, Rieju (Spanish) and Piaggio (Italian). At the head, the historical Japanese Honda and Yamaha (have been unquestionable leaders in each category for years) … followed by The Chinese, Zontes and Voge. The paradigm shift is clear: China will inevitably conquer the motorcycle market, where the adjusted price has not yet been lost. India keep pressing. Although the looks are put in China, India has a lot to do in the future of the motorcycle industry in Europe. Bajaj Auto is not only behind KTM, it also produces motorcycles for one of the most prestigious brands in Europe: Triumph. Speed ​​400 and Scrambler 400x are produced in India, in Bajaj plants. Royal Enfield, who despite his name, has been India for years, has tripled sales in 2024with a very aggressive strategy of prices and balanced models in the middle displacement segments. Two names and two examples of how the future of the European motorcycle happens, less and less, through Europe. Image | KTM In Xataka | In his obsession to end the noisy motorcycles, the EU has just knew the coup of grace

China is about to have the ability to make 5 Nm chips, although it faces a difficult solution problem

SMIC (Semiconductor manufacturing international corp), the largest Chinese semiconductor manufacturer has been working on the development of Your own 5 nm photolithography. In early February 2024 the newspaper Financial Times He said he had access to two experts in the integrated circuit industry who defended that this company was finalizing the refinement of their semiconductor manufacturing processes in their machines deep ultraviolet lithography (UVP). Its purpose was to have the necessary technology to make 5 Nm chips massively before the end of 2024, although it did not succeed. If its 5 Nm chips had already been successful in this project, the first Huawei devices or any other SMIC client equipped with this type of integrated circuits would have even seen the market. Be that as it seems, now, this technology is ready. The challenge facing SMIC is the performance by wafer According to Dr. Kiman expert in the manufacture of integrated circuits who has worked in Samsung and who currently investigates for TSMC in the US, SMIC is about to start the production of 5 Nm chips. It is perfectly credible because, as we have just seen, we know with certainty that this company has been working on this technology for several years. And, in addition, Dr. Kim is a reliable source. However, this expert has pointed out something crucial that we should not overlook: the performance per wafer that SMIC has currently achieved in its 5 Nm nodes is less than 30%. An incipient integration technology usually moves in the orbit of 50% performance per wafer When semiconductor manufacturers produce a chip wafer, some of those nuclei do not work properly. It is normal. When they launch a new lithographic node, their performance by wafer usually has a margin of broad improvement, but little by little, as engineers refine their integration processes, This parameter improves. A mature lithography can deliver to integrated circuit manufacturers a very high performance, but an incipient technology usually moves in the orbit of 50% performance, so only half of the chips produced work correctly. The problem is that for an integration technology to be profitable from an economic point of view, its performance by wafer has to be At least 70%. And, as we have just seen, Dr. Kim argues that the SMIC 5 NM node is below 30%. It is objectively a very poor performance, but we know what this low figure explains: the technique used by this manufacturer to produce these semiconductors. It is known as Multiple patterningand SMIC has used it for more than a year and a half to make 7 NM chips for Huawei and other customers. This strategy consists in transferring the pattern to the wafer in several passes with the purpose of increasing the resolution of the lithographic process. It works, but is responsible for wafer performance is clearly improvable. SMIC engineers have been forced to resort to Multiple patterning because The US and Netherlands sanctions They prevent Asml from selling their extreme ultraviolet lithography equipment to their Chinese customers, which are the ideal to make chips of 7 nm or less. With the UVP machines that SMIC has, it will be very difficult for wafer performance to be optimal, so in all 5 Nm integrated circuits they will be scarce and expensive. The definitive solution to this problem for SMIC, Huawei and the other Chinese companies that are dedicated to semiconductors inevitably goes through developing their own UVE lithography teams. They are in it. Image | SMIC More information | Dr. Kim In Xataka | The US has declared the total war on Huawei: he does not want him to sell his chips for the most advanced outside of China

how difficult it is to protect copper in a 15,000 km network

“You cannot monitor 24 hours 15,000 kilometers of network, but you will have to put more means.” The phrase left her yesterday during An interview In Antena3 the president of Renfe, Álvaro Fernández de Heredia, and is interesting for several reasons. First for what he says. Second, for how he says it. And third (and fundamental), when he says. The rail operator complaint comes after the bird line between Madrid and Sevilla lived chaotic hours on Sunday by the Cable theft of copper in several points of the layout. What happened is serious, but it reveals something more worrying: how difficult it is to shield a network thousands of kilometers. Collapse on the Madrid-Seville line. The bird line between Madrid and Seville (The dean of the Spanish high -speed network) did not go through its best moment on Sunday night and Monday morning. Delays Stakes arrested for hours. Collapsed stations. AND More than 16,000 passengers affected. Although the collapse coincided with An incident starring an Iryo train, both Adif as the Minister of Transportation, Óscar Puentethey did not take long to relate what happened to the theft of cable on the line. “A serious sabotage act”. Sunday night, with the bird line between Madrid and Seville still knocked out, Oscar Puente spoke already of a “serious sabotage act” and pointed specifically to the theft of cable at various points distributed within about 10 kilometers. The thefts were recorded in five different locations distributed among the PK 102+200 and 92+800in the province of Toledo. In total the thieves took 150 m of copper cable. Click on the image to go to Tweet. A booty of 300 euros. The big question that was bouncing on Sunday and has continued to do so yesterday and today is what is the reason behind what bridge closets “sabotage.” Copper It has been revalued coinciding With the tariff war unleashed by Trump, but a priori the metal stolen in the Toledo line is rather scarce. The Government delegation has made accounts and calculates that its value Barely reaches 300 eurosso it has suggested that the real objective was to “block the road.” “That cable, which has very little value, is optimal for primar service to the line,” ditch. Bridge insists on talking about “A coordinated action” perpetrated by someone who “knew what was going” while the issue of the political debate. The PP has even related to the “obvious deterioration” of public services and He has demanded an “audit of the entire network”. Beyond the political or research sand that It has already opened A court of Toledo, what happened in the bird line between Madrid and Seville raises a fundamental question: Is it so easy to steal on the network? It is not the first time that the rail network suffers a robbery or sabotage. In 2022 The Civil Guard stopped to a band that was dedicated to stealing copper in the bird line in Valladolid, Palencia and Burgos. In total it had been made with a boot of 185,000 euros. And years before, In 2015he had already arrested 28 people from a Madrid organization related to the theft of more than 30,000 m of rail cable in several communities. In that case it was estimated that their “blows” had cost about 840,000 euros. The Rodalies case. The above are only two examples that can be easily found in the newspaper library. There are moredistributed by different latitudes of the Spanish geography, and that not only affect the high speed network. Does Just a year Without going any further Catalonia suffered the theft of 40 meters of cable on the Rodalies network at 300 m from the Montcada-Bifurcació station. The incident in turn caused an over -teaching that ended up affecting the service. Yesterday Europa Press It echoed From a balance of the security forces that show that only in 2024 they registered 4,433 copper wiring and conductive materials, 87% more than a five years. In total, 987 people were arrested and investigated, double that in 2019. The balance is general and does not only relate the robberies that affect the rail network, but still gives an approximate idea of ​​how frequent these types of crimes and also how it has been able to affect them the price increase of copper. A great network, a great challenge. The key was given yesterday by Fernández de Heredia during Your interview In Antena3: Spain has a wide (very wide) railway network and that is at the same time a chance and a huge security challenge. The Adif and Adif Av enclos 15,519 kilometers of network, of which 9,984 are electrified and just over 3,700 high -speed connections of different types. And that is just the Railway Network owned by ADIF. To control them in 2021 the organism He tendered a contract of surveillance and security services for three years (from April 2022 to March 2025) that amounted to 210.8 million euros. But still the challenge of monitoring the entire network is considerable. The bridge itself He explained That the 150 meters of stolen cable over the weekend were taken out of difficult access areas, between forest and olive groves. “We will have to put more means”. “You cannot monitor 24 hours 15,000 kilometers of network, but more means will have to be put to avoid it because the disorder caused by these robberies to travelers is very high,” He insisted yesterday The president of Renfe. In the past and before terrorist threats the government came to use the army to monitor the lines, as happened In July 2005after the attacks suffered in London. Images | Nelso Silva (Flickr) and TRANSPORT MINISTRY (X) In Xataka | The US has been dreaming of its first high -speed train decades: the California project is being a real nightmare

Log In

Forgot password?

Forgot password?

Enter your account data and we will send you a link to reset your password.

Your password reset link appears to be invalid or expired.

Log in

Privacy Policy

Add to Collection

No Collections

Here you'll find all collections you've created before.