china

The US pressure forces China to independent its chip industry. These two projects are their best cards

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China has no choice. Or develops its own manufacturing technology of avant -garde semiconductors or will lose its struggle for world supremacy With the US. No 100% Chinese advanced chips their military capacity, the development of their models of artificial intelligence (AI) and the competitiveness of their technology companies will resent in the medium term. Huawei and SMIC are manufacturing advanced integrated circuits, but use machines from the Dutch company ASML and a technology known as Multiple patterning that compromises its competitiveness. This scenario has caused the Chinese government support with very juicy subsidies to companies that have the ability to develop avant -garde photolithography equipment, such as SicarrierShanghai YuliangSheng, Shanghai Micro Electronics Equipment (Smee), Huawei or SMIC. Time plays against this Asian country. How much later in having their own machines of extreme ultraviolet lithography (UVE), which are those used to make very high integration chips, more delayed will be in front of the US and its allies. 2026 will be a crucial year for China in the field of chips The Chinese Academy of Sciences is finishing what is undoubtedly The most ambitious project How many are developing the Chinese semiconductor industry. Thanks to this plan the nation led by Xi Jinping is about to reach a “Deepseek” in the field of integrated circuit industry. This simply means that it is preparing to reach a disruption that has the potential to place this Asian country at the same height as the US, Taiwan or South Korea. However, China’s strategy to produce avant -garde chips is very different from what their rivals have used until now. Each of ASML UVE machines incorporates its own ultraviolet light source, but the Chinese Academy of Sciences seeks to generate this important radiation to produce advanced chips using a syncrotronwhich is nothing other than a circular particle accelerator that is used to analyze atomic level the properties of matter, such as various types of materials, or even proteins. It’s called heps (High Energy Photon Source or high -energy photons source), it is in Beijing and we can see it in the cover photography of this article. Heps syncrotron has the ability to produce high power UVE light An important note before moving forward: the ultraviolet light (UV) is responsible for transferring the geometric pattern that contains the design of the chips to the Silicon wafer. This means, in broad strokes, that the UVE light has the ability to make possible the manufacture of integrated circuits with a greater resolution than the deep ultraviolet light (UVP) that use the previous generation lithography machines that China has in their hands. And a greater resolution in practice implies that it is possible to produce semiconductors with more transistors, and, therefore, more sophisticated and powerful. A priori we can think that a particle accelerator has nothing to do with the manufacture of integrated circuits, but we would be overlooking something very important: the Heps syncrotron has the ability to produce high power UVE light. In fact, it is a source designed to generate a large amount of radiation. China’s plan is to place around the particle accelerator Several semiconductor manufacturing plants to which the syncotron will deliver the UVE light in the same way that a power plant delivers electricity to its customers. That simple. The date on which China plans to start this megaphabrum of avant -garde semiconductors has not yet leaked, but it is already very advanced. However, China’s plans do not end here. In the middle of last March several Asian media collected a photograph taken at the Huawei Research Center in Dongguan, in the province of Canton, in which it appeared The prototype of a UVE lithography team Designed and manufactured entirely in China. Presumably this machine is similar to those produced by ASML, which invites us to anticipate that for 2026 the country led by Xi Jinping will have the ability to produce advanced chips on a large scale. This Chinese lithography equipment uses an LDP type ultraviolet source and not LPP class The leaks They assure That unlike the UVE machines produced by the Dutch company ASML, this Chinese lithography equipment uses an LDP ultraviolet light source (laser induced discharge), and not LPP class (plasma generated by laser). Presumably The development of this ultraviolet radiation emission source It is the milestone that has allowed Chinese engineers to develop a machine that Many experts did not see possible before five years in the best case. At the moment the most prudent is that we take this information with caution, but it seems solid enough to echo it. An interesting note is that on paper the LDP source is able to generate UVE light with a wavelength of 13.5 nm, so this Chinese prototype should be able to compete from you to you with ASML UVE photolithography machines. In addition, the leaks argue that China will begin the production of more test machines during the third quarter of this year with the purpose of launching the large -scale manufacture of these equipment during 2026. Image | Dr. Kim More information | Dr. Kim In Xataka | TSMC acknowledges that it has been considered taking its factories out of Taiwan. It is impossible for a good reason

The US is throwing blows to China. Many of them are fitting the European chips giant ASML

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ASML It is going well, but it could go much better. This Dutch company is the most important photolithography equipment manufacturer on the planet. And it is because it is the only one that can offer its customers the machines of extreme ultraviolet lithography (UVE) that are necessary to MANUFACTE INTEGRATED VANGUARD CIRCUITS. Even so, during the last three years this company is constantly undergoing all types of fluctuations. In fact, in the last hours his actions They have dropped to 7.1% Due to the threat that the very likely US tariffs represent the importation of foreign lithography equipment. And also to the uncertainty that looms over the growth of ASML In full struggle between China and the USA. Christophe Fouquet, the general director of this company, has the obligation to defend the interests of his company. And currently the tension held by the US and China does not make it easy. The sanctions that They have deployed US and the Netherlands They prevent Asml selling Your most advanced lithography teams To its Chinese clients. And neither can some maintenance and after -sales services services provide. In 2022 the sales of this company in China amounted to 2.9 billion euros, which represented 13.8% of its annual sales. At that time Taiwan was a more important market for Asml than China. However, in 2024 the country led by Xi Jinping was consolidated as The largest market for ASML with total sales of 10.2 billion euros. Asml’s rebellion Christophe Fouquet has removed the growth forecast that he and the board of directors of this company had set by 2026. This movement has contributed, as I mentioned a few lines above, to the fall of ASML’s actions. Anyway, it is understandable that this executive has taken this path: “We continue to observe a growing uncertainty promoted by macroeconomic and geopolitical events,” He has declared Fouquet In a statement. “Although we continue to prepare to grow in 2026, we cannot confirm it yet.” The evolution experienced by the actions of this company supports its prudence. In fact, 33% have fallen during the last year. This behavior is anomalous in a company that not only leads the market of photolithography equipment; In addition, it is the only one that markets UVE machines. At the end of last March Christophe Fouquet declared that he was convinced that the US would continue to put pressure on his partners to even more harden the sanctions that seek to stop the development of the Chinese industry of the integrated circuits. “Although we continue to prepare to grow in 2026, we cannot confirm it yet” However, Fouquet’s statements did not end here. He also defended that Europe “should decide for itself what you want” and “should not be dictated by anyone else.” Otherwise, He warnedleading European companies in strategic technologies, among which are ASML, could consider moving outside the old continent. His tone reflected a certain degree of helplessness, but in practice his company would be very difficult to relocate out of Europe. Anyway one of the figures in which we have repaired a few lines above gives us a very accurate track about how A ASML is dealing with prohibitions from the US and endorsed by the Government of the Netherlands that They could greatly degrade your business. As we have seen, in 2024 China was consolidated as its largest market. This success is because Chinese manufacturers of integrated circuits have bought A ASML many suitable photolithography equipment to produce mature semiconductors. On the other hand, currently TSMC, Intel, Samsung, Globalfoundries, Micron Technology and Sk Hynix are well building new chip manufacturing plants, they are well expanding some of those they have in operation. In any case, they all have something in common: they are buying the UVE and UVP equipment of ASML. And, in addition, TSMC, Intel and Samsung presumably will acquire for the next three years a large number of UVE Machines of Haute Opening. It is evident that even in the complicated current situation It is difficult to lie to ASML. At the moment his business in China endures, and will continue to do it at least until the moment when Chinese manufacturers of lithography equipment have their own UVE machines. Image | ASML More information | SCMP In Xataka | Japan wants to recover leadership as a manufacturer of lithography equipment. And he has a plan to end the Asml monopoly

China has a key technology to create a more effective antimisile shield than the iron dome: a beetle

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During the recent one Conflict between Israel and Iran There was a lot of talked about the powerful Israeli antimile defense system, known as the ‘Iron dome’. Europe too wants to build yours and United States shuffled the creation of a ‘golden dome’ that would use a satellite network and would be able to Stop hypersonic missiles. And what about China? Although they have Several antimile systems At different levels, they do not have a “total” shield like the one who wants to build the United States. What they do is a technology that, if applied, would far exceed the detection of missiles from other countries. A beetle. This kind of beetles receives that name for its ability to detect fire up to 80 kilometers away Thanks to an organ in its most sensitive exoskeleton than most infrared sensors in the market. This has been the inspiration of these Chinese researchers for their new creation: a system that mimics this same sensitivity and allows you to detect hot objects quickly and precisely. The system. During the investigation, Posted in Nature magazinethe scientists carried out several tests to verify the effectiveness of the system. In the first they built an ‘heteroestructure’ with divel -divelur, a material that offers a high absorption of the middle infrared range, and pentacene, an organic semiconductor. The device could detect radiation to an intensity of only 0.5 millivats per square centimeter, a sensitivity close to that of the beetle. In the second test they used black phosphorus and Indian seleniuro, achieving a photonic memory of 0.5 microseconds, 20,000 times faster than conventional optical storage. Capacities. Researchers affirm that this technology is able to “detect and identify objects in difficult environments, since it can penetrate obstacles such as smoke, fog and dust, providing clear images and precise detection of objectives.” In addition, it works at room temperature without refrigeration. This technology could be used in various scenarios: fire detection, autonomous driving, night vision systems and of course military environments. Antimisiles. As we said, China does not have an “dome” antimile system, but this technology could open the door to the creation of one that, According to South China Morning Postit would be much more precise than the ‘Golden Dome’ that Donald Trump wants to build. The key point is that the system integrates detection, memory and processing functions. Current antimisile systems are based on traditional silicon semiconductors and hardware separation (sensors and processors) prevents them from reaching those response speeds. Nothing concrete. Donald Trump’s ‘golden dome’ is, for now, a proposal that has not yet materialized, just like this hypothetical Chinese dome. What we do know is that China did not make any grace The announcement of this project because “it would raise the risk of converting space into a war zone and creating a career for creating space weapons.” Currently, China has several antimile defense layers: Dong Neng-3an exoatmospheric missile interception system, HQ-19 for medium-range interception and HQ-29 with antisatelite capabilities. Images | Flickr (1, 2) In Xataka | The day a missile killed 28 soldiers because the antimile defense system ignored an error of 0.000000095 seconds

The decision that opens a gap between China and the United States and will define the future of AI

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It is one of the hottest debates in the AI race and that is making the difference between the two most advanced powers. China is committed to Open Source with models such as Deepseek, while in the United States they lead private developments such as Chatgpt or Claude. Meta, on the other hand, has been defending the Open Source for a long time. Or we believed. According to the New York Timesnew Mark Zuckerberg Superintelligence Team I would be questioning this strategy in favor of developing a closed model. Flying. If confirmed, it would be a drastic change in the finish line. In 2023, goal It joined other companies To defend the creation of open source models and have not been few times when Mark Zuckerberg has said that his AI is Open Source (although not all true). Now that the new Superintelligence Team commanded by Alexandr Wang He has started working, they are considering whether to continue with the plan or choose to develop a closed model. Behemoth. It is the name of the AI Open Source that Meta was developing, its largest model to date. In fact, Behemoth’s bad results would have been The trigger for Zuckerberg decided to create the new AI team. Nearby sources claim that one of the first discussions of the team has been to leave its development. There is also the possibility that Behemoth’s development continues and that the new team focuses on developing a new model that points to the great goal of goal: Create a general artificial intelligence. What is an open AI. The Open Source concept is not new, but with the arrival of AI there has been enough debate about its definition. The AI models are very complex and the classical definition did not adapt to them, so in October last year the Open Source Initiative agency The Osaid published (Open source ai definition), a definition with which Target I did not agree. In order for an AI open source, it must allow the following: Use the system for any purpose and without having to ask permission. Study the operation of the system and inspect its components. Modify the system for any purpose, even to change your performance. Share the system so that others use it, with or without modifications, for any purpose. Chinese patience. The United States and China are the two most powerful players in the AI race, but although they play the same game, they do it with Very different strategies. With Deepseekhis most famous AI model, China surprised to bet on the open source, a strategy that has allowed him Avoid the zancadillas that your rival puts With vetoes and restrictions. And it is not the only oun source in China, there are many more: Qwen from Alibaba, Doubou by bytedance, Ernie from Baidu, Hunyuan Turbo of Tencent or Kimi From MoNshot AI. It is not a matter of giving in exchange for anything, behind there is a strategy of Soft Power Technological: Today I give you access, with the intention of being dominant tomorrow. China wants to create global dependence on its models and be an alternative to the payment models of the Americans. China has the future vision and patience to do so, we have already seen how invested for decades to form engineers And that today gives a clear advantage in the AI race. American immediacy. OpenAI, Anthropic, Google… The greats of the AI of the United States have opted for private development and subscriptions to access their most leading models. The exception to the rule was put by the goal with flame, the only one whose code is accessible (at least part), But if they focus on private development, that closed approach will be armed even more. The objective is clear: they have the most advanced models and resources to continue training them, so they can obtain an economic benefit by monetizing them. They do it through subscriptions to pro versions or with specific products such as AI agents, it is the case of the newly announced Chatgpt agent. The trap. China’s strategy makes all the meaning if we take into account that they were behind their rival (although They have managed to cut positions in record time). With open and free IAS they manage to create a great very fast user base and create that dependence. However, it is not a good long -term strategy from the economic point of view. If in the future they begin to monetize, that sooner or later they will have to do it, they face two problems: that their users come out in disarray and that the regulators put their eyes in them. The United States maintains strong control and obtains benefits from minute one. Has the most sophisticated models, but every time prices are higher And that makes a luxury within reach of a few. Many will look for alternatives and there will be China with their open and free models. They are two opposite visions: one focused on the present and one in the future. We will have to wait to see what vision is imposed. Image | Bibek ghosh, and Kaboomps (Pexels) In Xataka | Four AI companies are monopolizing the intellectual future of humanity. They are not good news

The US every day trusts less than China. Now plan to prohibit the use of submarine cables of Chinese origin

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The distrust held by the US and China is absolute. And probably both countries have solid reasons not to trust the other. After all, they are struggling to get world supremacy. The last sample of distrust has been put on the table the nation led by Donald Trump. And is that the Federal Communications Commission, known in English as FCC (Federal Communications Commission), wants to ban submarine cables of Chinese origin used to connect USA with the rest of the planet. This American institution is responsible for regulating interstate and international communications by radio, television, telephone, satellite and cable, so it has power to execute a prohibition like this. In fact, Brendan Car, the president of the FCC, holds in a statement That his intention with this measure is to defend the integrity of the US Internet connection infrastructure in the face of the security threat that China represents. This initiative is also supported by the Plan “America First” that the Trump administration officially launched in February this year. In the current context, submarine cables are more important than ever “Submarine cables are the anonymous heroes of global communications. In fact, they transport 99% of Internet traffic,” Brendan Carr assures in its statement. “As the US builds the data centers and the infrastructure necessary to lead the world in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) and next -generation technologies These cables are more important than ever. “Although it does not express it clearly, Carr’s statement contains a very important message that we cannot overlook. “We have witnessed how submarine cable infrastructure has been threatened in recent years by foreign adversaries, such as China” What the FCC fears is that China, which is climbing at full speed in the manufacturing industry of submarine cables, uses its technologies to spy on the US. Currently the companies that lead the production of these cables reside in France, Italy, USA and Japan, but HENGTong Group, Zhongtian Submarine Cable, Orient Cable and Dosese cable, All of them Chinese companiesThey are increasing their competitiveness and market share. Car proposes to adopt a double approach. On the one hand, it aims to encourage the use of US repair and maintenance of submarine cables, as well as completely reliable technologies from foreign countries. And, on the other hand, it aspires to discourage the use of Chinese technology in global infrastructure by imposing additional restrictions on its use in any underwater cable that connects to the US. “We have witnessed how submarine cable infrastructure has been threatened in recent years by foreign adversaries, such as China,” Brendan Carr in its statement. This is not at all the first time that the US launches an initiative to prohibit the use of Chinese technology in its communications infrastructure. In fact, in 2019 the Donald Trump government prohibited using telecommunications equipment manufactured by Chinese companies ZTE and HUAWEI. This was one of the most important chapters of the conflict held by the US and China for almost a decade. More information | Tom’s hardware In Xataka | 2025 has started with another cut cable cut. The problem is where and the suspect: in Taiwan and China

Nvidia says that China has the best open source AI in the world. These praises have a very clear intention

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Jensen Huang, the co -founder and general director of Nvidia, is in China. At the end of last week He met with Donald Trump with the purpose of defending the interests of his company before an administration that has drastically restricted your business In the country led by Xi Jinping. During the last fiscal year, which expired on January 26, 2025, China represented approximately 13% of total income of Nvidia with a figure of about 17,000 million dollars. In practice, this Asian nation is the third best client of this company only behind the US and Taiwan. The decisions made by Jensen Huang during the last months clearly reflect that he is determined to defend your presence in this market. And he is doing it. A few hours ago he has made a statement during his visit to the International Exhibition of the China Supply Chain, in Beijing, which is worth not overlooking. Jensen Huang does not give stitch without thread “The models of artificial intelligence (AI) Open source of Deepseek, Qwen and Kimi are the best reasoning models in the world today. They are very advanced. ” Huang has pronounced These words during a talk with Wang Jian, the founder of Alibaba Cloud, the AI and cloud computing unit of this gigantic Chinese company. And this statement has not arrived at any time. Whether or not, objectively, the three models mentioned by this Executive are very competitive, as the reports of Demodazzle either Mediumamong others. The really interesting thing is that Jensen Huang has praised these Chinese models at a very delicate time for Nvidia. At a time when You need to strengthen your complicity with Chinese companies to which they have been selling their GPU for several years. Last week Jensen Huang got a promise from Donald Trump: Nvidia can sell again Your H20 GPU To his Chinese clients very soon. The reception that this chip initially received was very good even though its capacities are clearly lower than those of the other proposals for this company. Jensen Huang has praised these Chinese models at a very delicate time for Nvidia. At a time when you need to strengthen your complicity In fact, initially the Department of Commerce allowed its sale in China because this integrated circuit met the restrictions it had imposed. And despite its limitations Their sales grew by 50% quarter to quarter since it arrived in this market in mid -2024. Everything was complicated for Nvidia in the middle of last April. And is that the US Department of Commerce imposed new restrictions To the export of the H20 GPU, which in practice caused this chip to stop reaching the Chinese clients of this company. During the next few weeks this GPU will come back to the facilities of Tencent, Alibaba or Bytedance, among other Chinese companies, but Nvidia will have it more difficult than ever. And is that Huawei, his main Chinese competitor, is being reinforced with great intensity. Only one day after the US Department of Commerce formalized its latest sanctions He presented his GPU Ascend 920a chip for AI that is clearly intended to occupy in the Chinese market the gaps left by the NVIDIA H20 GPU. The GPU Ascend 920 will begin to be manufactured on a large scale during the second half of 2025 using 6 Nm integration technology that have presumably developed side with Huawei elbow and SMIC. The characteristics of this lithographic node have not yet been officially confirmed, but it will probably use the technique known as Multiple patterningwhich is the same one that SMIC is using 7 Nm chips. In addition, the GPU Ascend 920 will reach a 4 TB/s transfer speed for the memory subsystem thanks to the use of HBM3 chips. Image | Nvidia More information | SCMP In Xataka | The US gives Huawei a great opportunity: to get its new chip for AI with the Nvidia market in China

China has broken the electric car deck with brutally fast recharges. So much that autonomy is already the least

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When Jim Farley returned from China, several lessons were brought under his arm. Almost that it doesn’t matter when you read this because, with each visit to China of the Ford CEO, Farley always takes care of airing everything he has learned there. Among what has been learned, one day he questioned the real importance of the unacabable autonomies for an electric car. Taking into account that the battery size of an electric car remains a Too much spiny matter When lowering cars, Farley pointed out that his strategy for the future went through Manufacture small electric electric Because as soon as the price was put more battery. “If you have batteries like that, you can’t make money,” argued In reference to gigantic battery cars, the same ones that promise autonomies of many hundreds of kilometers and that, in the face of the future, promise to reach 1,000 kilometers between recharges. Farley has been a critical voice with those gigantic electric cars but is not the only one that has been expressed in those terms. Mazda, for example, made the same reflection Some time ago, focusing that large batteries raised the costs of the car … and its weight, a red line that the Japanese company has always tried to dodge. Although the approach was not exactly the same in the form (the Japanese study incorporating extended range versions With engines Combustion rotatingas they have done with the MX-30), in the background they did show that the bet should be another: contained autonomies but with systems that will stretch them in a simple way. Either with very fast recharges or, in the case of Mazda, with a small combustion engine that can save you at any time. In China they think something similar. While there are two clearly defined paths and one of them is committed to huge batteries, others are clear that they must get the fastest possible charges to offer an attractive electric car to the general public. Byd is one of them. But it is not the only one. More kilometers or faster When last week we attended the presentation of the Mazda 6eI felt that the press conference we attend with a bittersweet aftertaste and a more or less clear idea with everyone with whom I spoke. The completely electric Berlina, which Mazda has created with Changan, is sold with a 68.8 kWh battery or a second of 80 kWh. This last option seemed ideal for those who wanted Use your car to travel comfortably. If we suppose a consumption of 20 kWh/100 km, the first will not reach 350 kilometers between recharges and the second one would touch the 400 kilometers of a single sitting. However, the first battery can be loaded at a maximum of 165 kW of power, going from 10 to 80% in 24 minutes. The second, on the other hand, cannot do it at more than 90 kW, limiting that rapid recharge from 10 to 80% to 47 minutes. The general impression, so I talked to the fellow journalists, is that we would all sacrifice those 50 kilometers of autonomy if that would allow us to stop almost 25 minutes less when plugging the hose. Everyone seemed to us that a 90 kW recharge is not up to a car with aspirations to be an electric supervent. In ByD they have a similar impression and their bet is determined: Ultra -grape rechargesat the pace of filling a gas tank even if you have to stop once more. Although for now, They assured usits 1 MW recharge was mainly intended for heavy transport, they aspire to be an attractive solution for their own customers, with launches of more cars (right now they have two that admit this power) that can make use of these loaders. His approach is that the by and tang l can recover 400 kilometers of autonomy in five minutes. I would dare to say that the vast majority of drivers need or prefer to make a small stop before covering that distance. Huawei is one of them. The technological presented a few months ago A 1.5 MW recharge. Again, it is a very interesting formula for heavy transport but, to put it in perspective, a car with a large 100 kWh battery could be completely filled in five minutes if it did not have the obvious power restrictions so as not to be completely damaged. In spite of everything, if a manufacturer offers energy accumulators as resistant as those of Byd, filling a battery of this size should not take more than 10-15 minutes. Although Byd has filled headlines since he presented this load system, they are not the only ones. In April, Catl also presented a recharge system capable of overcoming that of the company of Stella Li, vice president of Byd than in Coach has defended these recharge systems against Autonomies of a thousand kilometers and said they aspire to bring them to Europe. In the interview he said that “they don’t give me more than 300 kilometers because I don’t want to pay the cost (of a greater battery).” Although I understand why Stella Li defends this approach, I also understand that Western manufacturers continue to prefer to offer much higher autonomies in order to sell as a purchase value. Perhaps 300 kilometers are fair but firmly believe that more than 350-400 kilometers of autonomy are needed in an electric car if the recharge network is powerful enough. I believe it with loaders of more than 150 kW, let’s not say with those plugs (and cars) that allow recharges at 1,000 kW. Despite this, There is something cultural In Stella Li’s words. You have to understand that China is a country so big that long trips They are usually done by plane or bullet train. The cities are so large that they favor adoption to the electric car because it is the environment where its virtues are more valued: without noise, without vibrations and … Read more

Airbus is about to close a new massive order in China, according to SCMP. The moment cannot be worse for Boeing

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Airbus prepares to reinforce its presence in one of the most strategic markets on the planet: China. South China Morning Post says that the European manufacturer is at the gates of signing a new agreement with the Chinese authorities that would include Between 100 and 200 new airplanes. The firm could arrive this month, but what really attracts attention is not the magnitude of the order, but the moment in which it occurs. The operation would coincide with the summit between the European and China Union on July 24 and 25, As Politico has advanced. A high -level diplomatic encounter that seeks to reduce commercial tensions, redefine relationships between Brussels and Beijing, and manage an increasingly tense climate in their links with Washington. That Airbus manages to close a contract of this size just in that context is something that does not go unnoticed. A new order in Chinese heavens? China has not closed great agreements with Boeing for years. The last relevant request dates back to 2017and since then the American manufacturer has been losing ground in one of the most dynamic markets in commercial aviation. The reason is not only commercial: the cooling of relations between Washington and Beijing, The tariff war And regulatory doubts seem to be tilting the balance to the European side. As the Hongkonese medium points out, Airbus has gained weight as the main supplier. Time also plays in favor of Airbus. Many Chinese airlines are dealing with aged fleets, mostly composed of Boeing aircraft acquired more than a decade ago. In cases such as Shandong Airlines or China United Airlines, the bulk of the devices exceeds ten years of service. As the airplanes accumulate flight hours, in general, their maintenance becomes more expensive, their operational efficiency decreases and increases inactivity periods. At first glance, it may seem that an airline can compensate for the situation by combining manufacturers. However, operate A mixed fleet It implies logistics complexity and high costs. An Airinsight analysis concluded that the expenses derived from managing two types of fleet – parties, training, documentation, crew ratio – are amortized in just 12–15 months and then favor significant savings in the useful life of the fleet. Operating a mixed fleet implies logistics complexity and high costs The standardization – arrest by a single supplier such as Airbus or Boeing – reduces operational costs, simplifies the training of personnel and speeds up the management of spare parts. In contrast, changing manufacturer forces to reorganize supply chains, train pilots and technicians in new models and adapt maintenance infrastructure. The latter implies from updating the hangars and workshops to the physical requirements of the new plane, to acquire specific tools. For many airlines, that entrance barrier seems to explain why they continue to depend on boeing fleets even when Airbus gains ground. China is also betting on developing its own alternative. The three large state airlines – Air China, China Eastern and China Southern – have already committed the purchase of more than 100 units of the Comac C919the passenger plane developed by the Chinese aeronautical industry. Political support is evident, but so are its limits: Production is still reducedinternational certifications are in the initial phase and the technical support network does not have maturity or the Airbus or Boeing scale. For now, C919 is a medium -term promise, but not an immediate solution to meet the enormous demand of the domestic market. Nevertheless, Boeing is not totally out of the game. In April 2025, several 737 Max prepared for Chinese airlines They returned to the United States After Beijing ordered to suspend deliveries, as part of their response to new tariffs against US products. Although this measure points to a protective impulse of the national industry and the geopolitical strategy, Boeing could still regain land if commercial tension is reduced and access to the Chinese market is resumed. But, for now, Airbus is emerging as a favorite. Airbus knows well the potential of the Chinese market. According to their own forecaststhe country will need more than 9,500 new commercial airplanes in the next 20 years. Boeing handles a similar figure: Around 8,830 to 9,740 units, depending on the economic and regulatory scenario. In any case, we are talking about a gigantic demand. And at this time, with the orders to Boeing frozen and Comac still consolidating, Airbus has a clear advantage. If the new contract is confirmed, it will not be an isolated case: it will be the reflection of a trend that can mark the distribution of power in commercial aviation during the next decades. Images | FASYAH HALIM | Takashi Miyazaki In Xataka | The C919 Comac In Xataka | The United Kingdom was waiting for an invincible hunt. Today, the F-35 flies little and cannot shoot its own weapons

US faces the dilemma impossible to or sell hardware to China … or not sell it to them and develop it themselves

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The United States is at a historic crossroads in regards to sell GPU to China. And not only does it have to do with the economical and with which Nvidia swells his income statement, which calculates that it will be 15,000 million less this year If you follow the prohibition of selling your avant -garde chips. It has to do with the future of the artificial intelligence (AI) and technology. The context. Nvidia has achieved something that seemed impossible: that Trump’s government let him market again His H20 chips in China. Although the GPUS were Designed to skip restrictions that fell on the H100 and H200, the United States added New restrictions in April. They paralyzed exports to China even though there were already agreements with Customers such as Tencent or Alibaba. With the relaxation of measures, Nvidia and its accounts breathe relieved, but the United States still has to make difficult long -term decisions. The United States plays it … do whatever. The United States can gain time compared to China limiting the sale of avant -garde chips, as it has been doing. However, this implies that their companies win less money, greatly reducing their global turnover. And is that the Chinese market, in 2024 and with restrictions, It was 13% of Nvidia sales. In addition, the world uses NVIDIA GPUs almost as the only option has advantages: that the North American country controls the entire Stack technological used to train IAS and to execute the expensive inference, fields that Google also dominates with its tpu. China at the height. Huang himself, in a recent interview with Bloomberg, said that the power of the technology developed by Huawei is “Probably comparable to an H200“From Nvidia, superior to H20. And they want to market it outside their borders, an intention that has motivated a offensive by the US to prevent China from exporting its chips to other countries. If exports do not find clippers, Chinese laboratories can continue focused on their plan: give away the thinking of the next decades and create global dependence. If you cut it, it already has good examples of what happens: The shot of the sanctions has come out of the cylinder head, A gift that cannot be allowed again. A fearsome potential called Huawei. The possibility that Huawei becomes a huge opponent for Nvidia raises a huge loss of income for the US company. Just against that are Fighting already from the American government: Cut Huawei’s wings into the global market before it is competitive. Huawei has already had time to develop his chip Ascend 910d and 920with SMIC as a great ally. He Historical Mate 70 processor He showed that Huawei usually gets what he pursues. And according to Huang, if China wants military autonomy with AI, You will have to develop your own technologybecause for this task, they cannot trust American developments. A Deepseek moment in hardware … inevitable? All this leaves us the unknown if in hardware we can see A moment Deepseek. China would not have to potentiate Nvidia’s proposal, as Deepseek R1 did not exceed O1 in reasoning, but yes, Through ingenuity and new paradigmsdifferentiate in aspects such as price or efficiency. Arrive on time. The big question that can be asked about NVIDIA in China is whether the approval to sell again the H20 arrives on time. According to Reutersthe beginning of the massive distribution of Huawei 910C was set for May. According to the news agency, the Chinese giant graphics card achieves performance comparable to that of NVIDIA H100 thanks to combining two 910b processors with advanced techniques. More software is needed. Huawei can have the hardware, but unlike what he has achieved in inference, where in theory Yes are at Nvidiayou have to prove to be able to compete in training software. This is something that could do by the hand of Moore Threads. If the United States wants to maintain its technology as the global standard for Ia, it must hurry. As the analyst Paul Triolo told Reuters, the restrictions at April H20 were going to mean that the Huawei Ascend 910C became “the hardware chosen by the developers of AI models (Chinese) and to display the inference capacity.” Image | Nvidia | Dominic Kurniawan In Xataka | China’s three master moves to “independent” technologically from the West: raw materials, chips, AI

Scientists launched a cow at the depths of the China Sea. They discovered eight unexpected visitors to the feast

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The ocean is full of surprises. Sometimes, as happened several years ago in Canada, the enigmas appear floating in the form of human feet adrift. However, in others, most, you have to go down to the depths to try to solve the mysteries. That was precisely what a group of researchers proposed. It all started by throwing the body of a cow. A cow at 1,600 meters. In one of the most unusual marine experiments carried out, a group of scientists He threw a dead cow at 1,629 meters deep in a continental slope of the South China Sea, in front of the Chinese island of Hainan, with the aim of simulating the sinking of a whale and studying the Behavior of scavengers of deep water. What they found surprised even the most experienced researchers: Eight sleepy sharks Pacific (Somniosus pacificus) They appeared in the place, marking the first documented observation of this species in the region. The finding not only unexpectedly expands the distribution map of this elusive shark, but also provides valuable information about its behavior patterns, food hierarchies, physiological adaptations and its possible geographical expansion. An unexpected visitor. Although the Pacific Sleeping Shark is a species with a wide distribution in the north of the Pacific Ocean (from Japan to Alaska and to the south to Baj real extension of its habitatits possible displacement due to climate change or even the existence of a stable population and not yet registered in that region. Food label. The recorded images By underwater cameras they not only confirmed their presence, but revealed unusual behavior for large predators: a kind of Shift systemin which sharks aligned to feed the body, giving the place to other individuals who approached from behind. This type of “Food label”rarely observed in predatory species, suggests that the order in food could be determined by the competitive intensity of each individual, instead of a chaotic struggle for resources, which would indicate a more complex level of social organization that was suspected in these animals. New clues. He study He also documented variations in behavior according to body size. The specimens that exceeded 2.7 meters in length were much more aggressive and direct In the attack on the carrion, while the smallest sharks opted for cautious movements, surrounding the body in circles before approaching. The employer suggests that even in an environment where food is scarce and random opportunities, sleepy sharks could have developed a coexistence strategy with hierarchical ranges that minimize direct conflict. One More Thing. Another remarkable finding was a behavior of Ocular retraction observed during feeding. Since this species lacks Iglestop membrane (The protective “third tab” that other vertebrates such as cats or certain reptiles have), researchers believe that this retraction reflects a Evolutionary adaptation To protect the eyes during bites or struggles, which brings a new data on the defensive physiology of these sharks in their natural environment. The unknown. And more, since the recordings also showed other revealing aspects. Namely: several sharks carried visible parasites In his eyes, identified Like copepodsalthough it was not possible to precisely classify the species. This detail reinforces biological parallelism among the sleeping sharks of the Pacific and their best -known relatives, the Greenland sharkswhich also usually host parasites in their visual organs. Apart from sharks, the experiment attracted a surprising variety of abyssal fauna, such as Caracol fish and numerous amphipodsall attracted by the source of decomposition organic matter. These records confirm that the deep areas of the South China Sea not only house a biodiversity still little documented, but could be more productive of what was believed so far, against the idea that tropical depths are biologically poorer than their polar counterparts. The great unknown. In the background, the presence of these sharks raises a crucial issue: is it a recent expansion of its rank due to global warming, or has it always been part of its habitat and simply had never been observed? It is known that the species has occasionally appeared in such remote regions like Palaos or the Solomon Islandswhich suggests that there could be more southern populations than the scientific literature indicates. However, the “frequent appearance” in the southwest of the China Sea, According to the team itself Researcher led by Han Tian, rather suggests a structural lack of data in a little explored region rather than a recent change in the distribution pattern. In that sense, the experiment with the body of Vaca has not only contributed a specific observation, but has opened a way to review key concepts on the marine biogeography of abyssal species. Know the depths. He find It underlines the usefulness of simple experiments, but carefully designed to obtain data on remote environments, inaccessible already often little understood. The idea of simulating a whale sinking with a cow was not only effective, but proved to be a powerful Ecological magnet able to reveal complex biological interactions. In a context where Climate change and Human activity They are altering ecosystems even at great depth, this type of research is crucial to understand the invisible functioning of the deep ocean. The appearance of eight sleeping sharks where no one was waiting for them, behaving with order, measured aggressiveness and sophisticated adaptive mechanisms, is one more proof that marine depths They keep secrets that we are barely beginning to understand. Image | Ocean-Lond-Atmosphere Research (2025) In Xataka | A Canadian coast had been receiving human feet for years. Science has resolved mystery In Xataka | Carnivorous crustaceans, devouring worms and missing bodies: the scientific mystery of the caimanes at the bottom of the sea

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