Mobile Tech & Gadgets

The extreme temperature in which the laws of physics we know stop operating

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The absolute zero marks the minimum temperature at which something can be found and corresponds to -273.15º Celsius, or 0 Kelvin. Since heat is nothing other than movement, this temperature marks the total stillness, but what happens at the opposite end? Planck temperature. Although we are less familiar with the other extreme, Planck’s temperature, or the “absolute heat”, Another concept managed by contemporary physics. Here we might make emphasis on” contemporary physics “since, at this temperature, what we know of physics stops operating, which leaves us in an unknown terrain. How much heat are we talking about? Well around 142 quintillones Kelvin (K). Or what is the same, 1.42 · 10^32 degrees Celsius: the 273 degrees of difference between both scales are inconsequential on this scale. As a comparison, we can point out that the estimated temperature of the core of our sun is about 15 million Kelvinalthough the remnant nuclei of some supernovas can reach the billion degrees. Here on Earth, science has achieved even higher temperatures: More than 5 billion Kelvin in an experiment conducted in 2012 in the Great Hadron Colliding (LHC) of CERN. Defining the maximum. We indicated before the absolute zero in temperature was marked by the lack of movement, the absence of thermal energy. The temperature is an energy transfer measure, if something has no energy, It cannot transmit it. However, to find absolute heat we must go beyond thermodynamics and incorporate another area, that of quantum physics. To understand this limit, we must know that heat is associated with emissions in the electromagnetic spectrum. At more heat, more energy, shorter will be the frequency in this spectrum. Well, this spectrum is not infinite since the known universe has its own minimum distance, Planck’s distance. This minimum length Mark too The shortest wavelength and the maximum energy that we can introduce into a photon. It is therefore impossible to transfer more thermal energy. A rather theoretical idea. Planck’s temperature remains, as we pointed out before, far from both what we can see in the universe and what we are able to recreate in a laboratory. There was a time when it may not be so, since in the first moments after the Big BangThe universe would have reached this type of temperatures. But precisely the Big Bang It is one of those contexts in which the laws of physics as we understand them are not applicable. Beyond contemporary physics. The Big Bang is a clear example that there is physics that still escapes us, as are black holes. In both cases these are contexts so extreme that the description of what happens in them through the laws of physics we handle makes it impossible. However, we continue in the search for knowledge about these extremes and the laws that could operate on them. Probably, the long -awaited “theory” of all that unifies what we know about relativistic gravity with quantum physics can give us important clues about this border of heat and, above all, what may be beyond this. In Xataka | What if the constants of the universe are not so constant? We have taken an important step to know. The key is on the nuclear clock Image | NASA’S GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER/CI LAB

We think we know ourselves. The “Johari Window” shows you with the eyes of those around you

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Beyond the extremes that Robert Louis Stevenson described in his novel ‘The strange case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde ‘all people house a ‘I‘private and one public. However, many people do not really know their potential ‘I‘private, nor are they aware of How people perceive it of your surroundings. Knowing it is essential for many facets of life in society, but, above all, in the workplace and personal development. The Johari window It is a simple but powerful tool that allows visualize these differences and similaritieshelping people identify His hidden strengths and areas of improvement in social skills. Johari window: views in and out Johari’s window is A human interaction model created in 1955 by psychologists Joseph Luft and Harry Ingham, whose objective was to illustrate communication processes and Dynamics of human relations. The name “Johari” arises from the combination of their first names, Joseph and Harry. Currently, the Johari window It is used for different purposes: from the improvement of interpersonal communication and team collaboration, to the development of Leadership skills and the identification of hidden skills. Johari’s window allows people to better understand their behavior patterns, emotions and skills, facilitating both individual and collective growth in the members of a team. However, and despite being a very useful exercise, its results should not be taken as an absolute and definitive truth. Both the facet of self -knowledge, and the perception that other people have of you are subject to Subjective biases and perceptionsso its results must be taken as an indicative, not as a certainty. The four areas of the Johari window Johari’s window is divided into four quadrants that represent different types of information about a person: the public area, the blind area, the hidden area and the unknown area. The public or known area. It contains the features and behaviors that both the person and the others know. It is the visible and shared personality part, such as kindness or leadership capacity. The blind area. It includes aspects that others perceive, but that the person does not recognize in themselves. Identifying this quadrant is key to personal growth, since it reveals opportunities for improvement through the honest feedback of the people around you. The hidden area. It covers information that the person knows, but who decides not to share with others, such as thoughts, emotions or private experiences. The unknown area. It represents everything that neither the person nor their environment knows, including latent or potential skills not yet explored. Working this quadrant can open new development and learning opportunities. Have you heard about leaving your comfort zone? Because that can be an excellent way to explore this quadrant of the Johari window. Look at Johari’s window Using the Johari window for personal development implies an active process of self -assessment and openness to feedback by your environment. A first step is to make a list of strengths and weaknesses, and then ask friends, family or colleagues to describe How they perceive you. Compare these perceptions helps identify coincidences and differences, expanding the public area and reducing the blind. Honest feedback and willing to share personal information gradually are fundamental to expand the open area. In addition, pay attention to the reactions of others, reflect on what is hidden and experience Discover unknown aspects and strengthen self -awareness. In this way, it can be discovered that, you thought they were positive leadership values ​​such as diligence and discipline, your environment can perceive it as a negative toxic behavior of narcissism and authoritarianism. Not only tell how you think you are, but How your environment perceives you. Above all, when part of a work team. In Xataka | Ascend to become an incompetent: how Peter’s principle ruins the brightest employees Image | Unspash (Summarize genius)

Apple has a very clear option not to be left behind in AI: Buy Anthropic

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The recent association between Apple and Anthropic to develop a platform of “Vibe-Coding“, as he said Bloomberg, It could be much more than a simple technological collaboration. It is the first act of what should become a much deeper union: a complete acquisition. Apple is at a historic crossroads in the AI ​​race. Your association with Anthropic to integrate Claude Sonnet In Xcode it is an implicit admission that its internal development of AI does not advance with the necessary speed. Swift Assist, announced but never releasedIt remained as a symbol of Apple’s difficulties to compete in this field alone. While OpenAi, Google and Anthropic advance by leaps and bounds, Apple runs the risk of being relegated in the largest technological revolution since the smartphone. And that risk is growing. The acquisition of Anthropic would be a tectonic movement for both companies. For Apple, it would mean ensuring one of the most sophisticated language models in the market, particularly highlighted in programming tasks. For Anthropic, he would represent the support of one of the technological giants with the greatest financial capacity and global distribution. The combination of Excellence in Apple hardware and integration with the avant -garde in Anthropic (whose product quality is far ahead of its distribution capacity) would create a difficult synergy to match. Historically, Apple has prospered when you have acquired key technologies at key momentsintegrating them deeply into their ecosystem. The purchase of PA SEMI in 2008 laid the foundations for Apple Silicon chips. The Beats acquisition It was not only for the headphones, but by the streaming technology that would become Apple Music. Now, AI represents another turning point, where staying halfway between their own developments and external alliances would lead to a permanent disadvantage position. The price of acquiring Anthropic would be great, probably in the range of tens of billions, a magnitude in which Apple has never moved, used to much smaller purchases. But he has not done so does not mean that he cannot do it: he has more than 150,000 million in cash and would be a key strategic investment. It is not only a matter of acquiring technology, but of ensuring the future of its entire platform. While Tim Cook speaks of a hybrid approach with “certain own models”, the truth is that the real power will be in those who possess the best fundamental models. For Apple, Anthropic should not be only a temporary partner, but a permanent piece of his vision for the future of computer science. In Xataka | There is something Apple knows how to do very well: sell iPhone. There is also something that does not know how to do: the intermediate iPhone Outstanding image | Xataka

Altman’s plan to attract private investment to OpenAI has stayed halfway. It’s a victory for Elon Musk

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Openai has conquered a place at the forefront of artificial intelligence (AI) with products such as Chatgpt and GPT-4O. But there is a detail that escapes in many conversations: It is still a startup. It is several times smaller than Microsoft or Google and faces an existential challenge that does not have so much to do with its products, but with money. That challenge has its own name: its peculiar organizational structure. The openai part that generates income, directed by Sam Altmanis controlled by a non -profit organization. This unconventional model has aroused doubts among investors. Altman proposed to restructure the company to attract more private capital and accelerate the path to a General Artificial Intelligence (AGI). The problem is that this plan has just received a blow. A difficult governance to sell. The Board of Directors has decided to maintain control from the non -profit entity, after opening conversations with the general prosecutors of California and Delaware. These authorities monitor the legal status of organizations of this type and could have blocked change. The announcement has made it public Bret Taylor, president of the Board, In an official statement from OpenAI. A victory for Musk. Elon Musk had sued Openai for that attempt at reorganization. He assured that the company had diverted from its initial purpose of developing a safe and oriented the good of humanity. The decision to preserve the original supervision partially reinforces its argument: the structure remains, at least for the moment. New model, but with the same control. Despite the other way around, Openai maintains another important change. It is expected that its commercial organization will operate as a public benefit corporation (PBC). The difference is that, instead of separating itself from the non -profit organization, it will continue to have the last word. Now they are negotiating how that supervision will be articulated, but everything indicates that it will be the non -profit organization that designates the members of the Board of the New PBC. This could hinder future financing rounds. Because in this OpenAi, which has not managed to transform completely, interest is not measured only into dividends, as investors would like. Outstanding image | Sam Altman (X) + Photoshop | Ted Conference In Xataka | Silicon Valley has an obsession with “Todismo”: they begin by dominating a sector and then wanting to dominate them all

Microsoft Corner finally passwords

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Passwords have been the entrance key to our digital life for decades. But his reign is in decline. Not only because of the safety risks that they entail when they are used alone, but because more modern, effective and easy to use alternatives have emerged. The Passkeys They are the great commitment of the industry to replace them, and Microsoft has just taken a decisive step to make this a daily reality. Create an account without defining a key. From now on, anyone can create a Microsoft account without having to establish a password. And it is not a secondary option: it is the new default behavior. We have tried it and the process is really simple. By accessing account.microsoft.comjust press in “log in” and then “create one right now.” An email is requested as a verification method, the code sent to that email is introduced and we are offered to “log in with the face, fingerprint or pin”. Neither trace of fields to write complex passwords nor arbitrary requirements. When continuing, a passkey is generated that is automatically saved in the device manager, such as Icloud Keychain in the case of Safari, or in the browser itself if we use Edge or Chrome. Passkeys are placed in the center. This change is part of a broader strategy that Microsoft has developed together with the Fido Alliance and other great technological ones. Passkeys are cryptographic keys based on open standards, designed to offer faster, safer and more resistant access to Phishing. Instead of storing a password on a server, what is saved is a public key. The private key, the one that authentic the user, remains on his device and is never shared. Thanks to this design, the passkeys eliminate the classic attack vectors. There is nothing to intercept, steal or guess. And the best thing is that they work with a single gesture: unlock the device as we do daily. What Microsoft says. The company ensures that Almost a million passkeys register every day in their services. And their internal figures reinforce the bet: users who log in with Passkey have a 98% success rate, compared to 32% of those who try with password and two steps verification. In addition, log in with Passkey, they claim, it is up to eight times faster. “We believe that a good user experience and good security go hand in hand,” says Microsoft. In fact, its new registration and login flow always prioritizes options without password. If it detects that the user already has a passkey or an alternative authentication system configured, he will use it by default. The classical password only appears as the last resort. In internal tests, this experience has reduced the use of passwords by more than 20%. A transition underway, but with nuances. This is not the immediate end of passwords, but the beginning of its decline. Although Microsoft maintains the possibility of using passwords in existing accounts, it encourages users to eliminate them from the configuration. In parallel, it works to minimize its use in each login. In any case, the comfort of the Passkeys should not make us forget an important point: you have to know where and how we store them. If all synchronized devices are lost, we will need to have configured recovery options (if available in the service we have chosen to store them). An response to the rise of cyber attacks. The industry moves because the attackers also do it. According to Microsoft, password -based attacks exceeded 7,000 attempts per second last year, more than double than in 2023. As the passkeys adopt more, the focus of the attackers is concentrated in traditional methods. Fido Alliance esteem that more than 15,000 million accounts can already use Passkeys instead of passwords. But there is still on his way. The adoption is growing rapidly, with companies such as Google, Paypal, Shopify or Yahoo! Japan implementing these access keys in their systems. Change of era. Passkeys are not just a technical advance. They represent a cultural transformation in the way we understand digital security. A more fluid experience, without keys to remember, without codes to introduce, although still with pending improvements. Now, with Microsoft as one of the most active drivers, it seems that the era without passwords is closer to consolidating. Images | Microsoft | Screen capture In Xataka | How to change all our passwords according to three cybersecurity experts In Xataka | It is possible that your favorite Chrome extension is sold to a third party and turns it into malicious: it is increasingly frequent

Hyundai aims to automate 40% of his new plant in the US. THE KEY TO GET IT: ATLAS HUMANoid Robots

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Robots have been in the automobile industry for decades. They have welded, pressed and assembled pieces without rest. But despite that long career, many tasks were still in human hands. That is starting to change. Robots are less and less clumsy: They are more skilled, more versatile and, most importantly, much cheaper to manufacture. And that opens the door to a new phase. Hyundai wants to be in charge of that change. On your new plant HMGMA (Hyundai Motor Group Metaplant America), located on the outskirts of Savannah (Georgia, USA), the company has proposed to automate 40% of the vehicle assembly process before the end of 2025. According to Nikkei Asiathe objective is to transform this factory into an intelligent environment, where artificial intelligence and data are key from logistics to the final assembly. A connected and flexible ecosystem. The plant is designed not only as a assembly line, but as a demonstration of everything Hyundai is able to do with technology. The brand defines it as “a highly connected, automated and flexible manufacturing system”, prepared to adapt to changes in demand and optimize each phase of the process. That is why it is no coincidence that starts focused on the production of electric and hybrid vehicles, with an estimated initial capacity of 100,000 units a year, which will grow to 500,000 when it is at full performance. The Metaplant aspires to become one of the referents of the automobile industry of the present and the future. Atlas enters the scene. In that technological deployment, the focus is on a very concrete protagonist: Atlas, Boston Dynamics’s humanoid robot. It is not any robot. It is a completely electric model, designed to move as a human and work in the same space as humans. Atlas is the successor of the famous hydraulic model that we saw mortal somersaults. But this time, the approach is another. It is prepared to lift heavy objects, install parts and adapt to what happens around you in real time. Hyundai describes it As a robot with “athletic intelligence”, and that translates into sensors, algorithms and a structure designed for complex tasks that one person could only do. Boston Dynamics is already part of the Hyundai group. This movement makes sense because Boston Dynamics is not just any partner: It is part of the Hyundai group since 2021. Since the company was made, the South Korean firm has been integrating its technology within its vision of “progress for humanity.” A vision that includes autonomous cars, urban air mobility, robotics in logistics and, of course, new ways of manufacturing. Boston Dynamics has been working with biped and quadruped robots for years, and now faces the challenge of taking them to the commercial field. If Atlas works in this plant, it will mark a before and after. Because it is no longer just impressing in a viral video: it is about a robot being useful and productive on a large scale. What tasks will the robots perform? Hyundai has not detailed all the works that Atlas will assume, but, according to the aforementioned Asian newspaper, it has confirmed some: move heavy objects, install doors in vehicles and collaborate in physical tasks that require strength and precision. The objective is clear: to free human operators from repetitive or demanding works. Now, that does not mean that Atlas is just as agile as an expert operator. For now, it is not. Just see some assembly line videos To ask ourselves if robots will be as skilled as humans. Atlas will not be the only one in the plant. They will also deploy The well -known spotdog -shaped robots that also manufactures Boston Dynamics. Its function will be to monitor production lines, inspect bodies and identify possible structural defects. And next to you they will live more classic automation systems: welding robots, presses and heavy machinery. A context marked by the tariff war. This deployment does not happen in a vacuum. It arrives in the middle of the commercial war between the United States and China. The administration Trump has imposed a 145% tariff To many products from China and maintains a base rate of 10% for most commercial partners, including South Korea. That is why Hyundai has decided to bet on American territory. Has announced An investment of 21,000 million dollars in the United States over the next four years. A strategy that seeks to protect its position in the North American market and, at the same time, gain margin of maneuver against geopolitical uncertainty. Of course, automating more does not necessarily mean hiring more. Hyundai’s expansion is accompanied by strong robotization. And that raises questions about employment. Will less operators be hired? Will new roles emerge within factories? The advance is indisputable, although it does not guarantee new jobs. Images | Hyundai In Xataka | Duolingo inaugurates a new era: when human talent is no longer essential

He is choosing 11 cardinals and the favorite to be a potato

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He Death of a Pope It is more than a political and social event of international interest. It is also a key turning point for popular culture, as demonstrated by the renewed interest in the movie ‘Conclave’ or the birth of ‘Fantapapa‘, a simulation of the Pope’s choice in Fantasy style. That is, an online game in which participants create and manage virtual football teams formed by real players. Only here those who face are the candidates to become a pope. How to be dad. Each player has at his disposal the complete list of cardinals who opt for the papacy, and has to form a team of 11 cardinals. Among them a captain is chosen, who is considered to be the most chance of being chosen. The goalkeeper position is left for those who are believed to have less possibilities. From there, the game gives extra points to the players who hit the name of the new Pope, his order, the number of rounds necessary for the election or the date on which we will see the white smoking. I bet a Pope. From the moment of the death of the Pope, bets have happened around his possible successor. There are two great sides in this fight, traditionalists and progressive. And beyond that, a lot of names that sound in the pools: the Philippine Luis Antonio Taglethe Ghanaian Peter Turkssonthe Portuguese José Tolentino de Mendonçathe Italians Pietro Parolin and Matteo Zuppithe Hungarian Peter Erdothe Dutchman Willem Eijkthe American R. Leo Burkethe German Gerhard Müllerthe Maltese Mario Grech or the Canadian Marc Ouellet. 80,000 tifosi of the Pope. It is the number of people who are playing this title Free and onlinewhich assimilates one of the most eminently Italian passions, football, to give it a turn towards the event of the moment, removing all kinds of solemnity and transcendence. For example, A week ago The game of the game published a top of the candidates most voted by the players as if it were the classification of a football team. And by then, the game only added 30,000 users, before, according to its creators, it arrived A large number of Spanish subscribers. Only fun. Although fantasy type games are often created to promote bets (and although the papal conclave has generated its own phenomenon linked to bets) There are no monetary awards for the winners of ‘Fantapapa’. The creators of the game, an AI expert and a video game developer, put the game standing as An idea for use of friends and familyand went viral thanks to the attention of the media. His inspiration were Italian fantasy games such as ‘Fantacalcio’, about the Soccer League, and ‘Fantasanremo’, on the popular melodic song festival. Custom football. In a country as devout football as Spain, fantasy -like games have been living for years strong predicament. The first outbreak of the genre, and perhaps the eldest that has been lived in the history of these games, was in 2001 with the Fantastic Liga brand, where LaLiga players could be chosen to participate in private leagues. To this first advance of the genre came platforms such as Community or Biwenger (currently The most played fantasy), among otherswhich added elements that sophisticated the game. such as the participation of virtual communities or the inclusion of the transfers market (which granted economic value to players). The controversy of bets. A few years ago We talked How in the United States, Fantasy type games, through platforms such as Draftkings either Fanduelthey were avoiding betting laws, partly perverting the merely playful origins of the fantasy sports in the sixties. That controversy has partially sent thanks to the hardening of online betting laws. Controversies that, in any case, are far from the proposal of ‘Fantapapa’, pure and innocent Rolera fantasy that allows users to experience, strategic code, the dynamics of the papal conclave. In Xataka | The Fantasy Manager of Liverpool, Real Madrid or Naples that are born in Elda (Alicante)

The Mercedes Class wanted to overcome the discomforts of the electric car. It is incompatible with a multitude of loaders

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A car with a brutal autonomy, designed for the client to forget the endemic evil of the electric car: look for a charger and wait for the necessary time to continue the march. A car designed by and to travel and to which, now, a problem as simple as it has been discovered: it does not charge most of the chargers. This is happening with the Mercedes Cla. The Mercedes Cla. A brutal autonomy. That was, without a doubt, the head that left us the presentation of the Mercedes Cla and that we lead to the first line of our article in Xataka. The Mercedes Berlina came to conquer the skeptics of the electric car promising up to 792 kilometers of approved WLTP autonomy. With its 85 kWh battery and a homologated WLTP consumption absolutely ridiculous of 12.2 to 12.5 kWh, autonomy varies between 792 kilometers of version 272 hp and 771 kilometers of the 354 hp version. With exquisite aerodynamics and a very low front surface, it aspires to large autonomies. The 800 volts. The German Berlina also had a powerful appeal. It is your first car with 800 volt structure. This tension allows you to load very high powers. With the appropriate charger (and now we will see the importance of adequate) can reach 320 kW of power. Thus, it goes from 10 to 80% autonomy in 22 minutes. That is, according to the estimated figures, more than 600 kilometers. The industry has long since It goes to 800 volt platforms. He Porsche Taycan and the Audi E-Tron GT They already presented them years ago but more and more companies get into the car because it allows very fast loads. Hyundai, Kia, Stellantis or Renault are betting on them because it will allow them to mount less large (and faces) batteries but, at the same time, generate very little discomfort In the client. What is expected in a premium brand like Mercedes is exactly what it offers (or should offer) the Mercedes Cla: large battery and express recharges. Who pays the money of a Premium car aspires to the best of the electric without the discomforts of the electric and the autonomy and load power of the Mercedes Claedes came to propose that (almost) we forgot the plugs. An unexpected setback. For the client, of course. The first tests have been enough Del Mercedes Clade to find an unexpected setback: the car cannot load in the stations with 400 volt plugs. How many are those? We do not know, beyond that there are many. There is no official count of them. And, until now, the charger is 800 volts or 400 volts had been indifferent to the user. In fact, the client cannot know it easily. What about cars that load at 800 volts? So far nothing. That is, if the car uses such a platform and the loader is 400 volts, he manages to load the car. If the car uses a 400 volt platform and the loader is 800 volts, it is the charger that does the best not to damage the battery. The Mercedes Claedes, however, does nothing. Simply, do not load. How do cars work? Cars with 800 volt platforms promise very high loads, above 200 kW. Right now, that loading power is almost exceptional and just a handful of loaders take advantage of powers greater than 200 kW or even 300 kW. However, it is estimated that with 800 volts 400 kW of power can be reached in the recharge with the appropriate plug. If the car uses this platform but the loader is 400 volts, there are two possibilities. The first is that the battery divides, something like simulating that has two 400 volt packages. When the charger reaches the 800 volts unifies them. Another less efficient option is to put a DC-DC converter that adapts the voltage but the load power will be limited to that of the DC-DC converter. Mercedes’s response. In Xataka We have contacted the company who have confirmed that, indeed, their cars can only take advantage of 800 volt chargers. Loaders that, as we say, there is no way of knowing for sure what are with a first search in the usual applications, such as electromaps. From the company it is ensured that “the proportion of speed charging stations of 800 V constantly increases. With the new Mercedes-Benz (MB.OS) operating system and navigation with Electric Intelligence, it is guaranteed that the driver is always aimed at a compatible loading station. The update of available and compatible load stations works practically in real time.” Despite this, they have not answered our question of whether Mercedes knows how many fast charging stations at 800 volts are available in Europe. So? Then it only remains to trust the company’s browser. That or Always search for more than 200 kW load stations since it is the maximum loading power that can be offered to 400 volts. If the offered power is superior, it will use the 800 volts and the Mercedes Class can load. Of course, these stations with such high powers are the most expensive when recharging. And along the way we leave most of the Tesla load points (the company is already installing with 800 volt structures) and a good part of the electricity in our country. Photo | Mercedes In Xataka | 400 kilometers loads in five minutes of ByD are as impressive as it is not very useful. At least they think of Mercedes

While half the world seeks more lithium, some researchers from China have eliminated it from the equation: batteries with bacteria

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The shortage of critical resources such as lithium and cobalt has been being a warningsince they are essential for the manufacture of batteries. However, a group of Chinese engineers have found a solution that does not require mining or polluting processes: it only needs bacteria. The study. Researchers from the Shenzhen Advanced Technology They have developed A battery that works with live bacteria. These microorganisms are electroactive, that is, they produce electricity. So the system uses hydrogels that contain living bacteria To conduct electricity and generate it, in addition within the soft material they are protected. Tangible applications Biobatería has a small size and ability to generate energy autonomously, ideal for integrating into portable devices, especially in the medical field. One of its most promising uses is the precise control of physiological functions such as blood pressure, by directed bioelectric stimulation. In this way, a door opens to new forms of physiotherapy, real -time monitoring and devices that do not require frequent recharge or toxic materials. More technical. Biobatería generates electricity thanks to the activity of bacteria such as Shewanella Oneidensis MR-1, which are contained in a alginate-based gel. The material It can be molded With 3D printers, which allows to design it. Its size of 20 mm in diameter and 3.2 mm high contains: a gel with bacteria that acts as an anode, another gel with a chemical that acts as a cathode, and a special membrane that allows the passage of ions between them. Replaces lithium? Its specific capacity (0.4 mAh/g) and energy density (0.008 WH/L) are lower than those of lithium -ion batteries, this biobatría offers a more sustainable alternative: it does not use critical materials or toxic components. In addition, it maintains a bacterial viability of 70 % during its operation and reaches 97.6 % at the end, which speaks of remarkable stability and efficiency. Forecasts Biobaterías are still far from reaching lithium in capacity or energy density. But what they lose potentially, compensate for it with other virtues: they are recharged alone, they are highly efficient and, above all, biocompatible. These qualities make them especially suitable for very specific uses, such as nerve stimulation, control of physiological functions or the operation of bioportile devices. Image | Unspash and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory – PNNL Xataka | Biological batteries? These bacteria can create a world based on renewable energies

There is an old Soviet probe about to fall on earth. The disturbing thing is that it was designed to resist hell

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A piece of Soviet spatial history, the Kosmos 482 probe, is about to conclude its very long 53 -year -old odyssey. And in the most disturbing way possible: falling on us. Context. Launched on March 31, 1972, this Soviet ship was destined Venus, but A failure after its launch left it stranded In the Earth’s orbit. 53 years later, its final decrease is imminent: it is expected to be re -entered into the atmosphere around May 10. The probe does not contain nuclear materials, and the risk of properties or people is low … but it is not null. And you don’t want an object of half a ton that falls from the sky to hit you. Kosmos 482. Twin sister of the successful Venera 8 mission, she was launched only four days later, but unlike the first, she failed to land in Venus. The upper Blok-Nvl stage of the Molniya rocket that transported the Kosmos 482 went out prematurely, leaving the probe trapped in a very high elliptical terrestrial orbit (initially 206 x 9,800 km high). Faithful to the secretism of the time, The Soviet Union never admitted the ruling And he simply baptized the mission with the generic designation “Kosmos 482”. After three days, several fragments that had separated from the ship rented over New Zealand, where some remains were even recovered, such as cylindrical fuel deposits. Other objects associated with the mission rented in 1981 and 1983. Designed for Venusian hell. The object that has resisted all this time is the mission descent capsule, aimed at landing in Venus. It is estimated that this sphere has an approximate diameter of one meter and a mass of about 500 kilograms. Here comes the interesting thing: this capsule was designed to survive the infernal atmosphere of Venus, a planet whose average temperature on the surface is 464 ° C. As he points out Satellite analyst Marco Langbroekit is possible that relatively whole to the reentry of the Earth’s atmosphere, although the reentry trajectory and the seniority of the capsule reduce the possibility that it is intact at the time of the impact With the parachute deployed? The imminent reentry has intensified the follow -up by satellite observers. The amateur astronomer Ralf Vandebergh has achieved telescopic images of the object in which it seems to have a parachute. “There is a compact ball, but several frames show a weak elongated structure on a particular side of the ball,” He said to Space.com. In addition, the object could be tumbos, so it is only visible at times. How to follow the reentry. Kosmos 482 Orbit the Earth every 90 minutes in a inclination of 52 degrees. This means that the reentry can occur anywhere between latitudes 52 ° North and 52 ° South. The space -track estimated reentry window and analysts such as Langbroek focuses on May 10, 2025, with an uncertainty of 2 or 3 days that will be reduced as the moment approaches. The ship will make a series of visible passes from the northern hemisphere at dawn just around the planned reentry dates. Sites like Heavens-Above already include predictions of visible passes for Kosmos 482. When the man walked on the moon. The fall of Kosmos 482 is a tangible reminder of the golden era of space exploration and the intense race towards Venus, which followed the lunar race. This 1972 relic (the last year in which man walked on the moon), will return to a radically different world, increasingly congested by thousands of active satellites and a growing amount of space garbage. Image | POT In Xataka | Unable to solve the problem of garbage on earth, humanity has generated one more: space garbage

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