Chernobil reactor sarcophagus

It happened on February 14 of this year. An explosive drone Shahed 136 Iranian manufacturing and possibly launched by Russia left a Huge “scar” In the confinement structure of the Chernobil reactor, considered one of the greatest features of modern engineering and designed to contain the radiation of the worst nuclear disaster in history. That steel dome seemed impenetrable, but nobody warned of A possible war conflict. Two months later, the “wound” is still open. The hole. As we said, the drone loaded with explosives hit the steel structure that covers the number four reactor of the Chernobil nuclear power plant, the same as exploded in 1986 unleashing the worst nuclear disaster in history. Although the attack did not cause radioactive leaks, it left a visible mark on the huge steel dome known as New Safe Confinementraising fears about the possibility that Russia will be willing to bring its war to one of the most dangerous places on the planet. The Ukrainian authorities attributed the attack To Moscowwhich denied any responsibility, while in the area a large group of technicians who still They worked two months later To try to repair the damage. The aggression not only represented a direct threat to the environment, but also a geopolitical ghost: Chernobyl, a symbol of Soviet negligence, is once again placed in the center of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine. The urgency of restoring. The task before him is delicate. In fact, this was stated by the Minister of Environment, Svitlana Hrynchuk, who confirmed that the government works along with experts to return full functionality to this critical structure. Hrynchuk stressed that the priority is Preserve security nuclear and radiological “under any circumstance.” The original catastrophe. In the background, something that “touches” the nation deeply. Chernobil was, and it remains, a open wound. On April 26, 1986, a failed test caused a Explosion in the reactor which released more than 100 radioactive isotopes on Europe. The city of Pripyat, which then housed almost 50,000 people, was evacuated the next day. The surrounding area, today known as The exclusion zonebecame a ghost territory of enormous extension. The original sarcophagus, built with releasing after the accident, was sealed by the structure multinational of steel in 2016 with a cost of 2.2 billion dollarsa titanic effort destined to last at least a century. The shield, so far impenetrable, is now injured because of The modern war. The New Safe Confinement perforated Russian invasion and occupation. On February 24, 2022, when Russia launched its large -scale invasion, its troops entered Ukraine from Belarus and they took Chernobil control The same day. The scene was immediate chaos: The employees evacuated the central while the director of the radioactive control agency, Sergey Kireev, was the last to leave the place. Kireev himself told these days to the insider environment. Some of their subordinates stayed, and from areas with a telephone signal they helped the Ukrainian forces transmitting data on the invaders movement. At first, the Russians left staff alone, but they soon began to Confiscar Telephoneto prohibit meetings and loot offices, bedrooms and laboratories. Their behavior in the place, According to Kireevcompletely ignored the danger of the environment, traveling through high radiation areas and damaging critical monitoring facilities. The radioactive legacy that does not end. The radioactive chernobil remains (iodine, strontium and cesium) are still present in the air and the ground, with average lives that extend for decades. As We have countedFlora and Fauna mutations persist as a silent reminder of the disaster. After the occupation, when Kireev returned in April 2022, he found The fortified zonewith Ukrainian barricades, destroyed vehicles and dismantled offices. A laboratory, occupied by Russian troops, had been object of vandalism: destroyed computers, wondered cabinets, bullets on the walls. It was discovered that about 70 people They had been captured by the Russians and taken to Russia, where some still remain in captivity. Challenging nuclear logic. The drone attack of February 14, 2024 occurred days before the third anniversary of the Russian invasion. Ukrainian President Volodimir Zelensky He published images of the impact. In them it was appreciated how a fireball and visible damage was generated in the protective structure. Despite It was not recorded An increase in radiation levels, the fact that a nuclear site can become a military objective exposes the fragility of international agreements and the recklessness of a nuclear power. For Ukraine, Chernobil is not only a symbol of the past, but A living front. The attacked installation was built with the joint effort of dozens of countries, and its integrity was created a global responsibility. The threat of Zaporiyia. Also We count these days. Hundreds of kilometers south, the Zaporiyia nuclear power plant (the largest in Europe) remains under Russian occupation. The accusations between Kyiv and Moscow for attacks on the plant have become frequent, while increasing concern for their safety (the United States also “claims”). Meanwhile, Zelensky He spared no words After the attack on Chernobil: “Russia is the only country in the world that attacks, occupies and uses nuclear centrals such as weapons of war. It is a terrorist threat to everyone.” If you want also, the facts show that the modern war has reached the thresholds of the unthinkable. And in Chernobil, where history has already taught the consequences of human negligence, today it is feared that a single error can turn on another tragedy, this time, in the middle of crossfire. Image | State Emergency Service of Ukraine, Adam Jones In Xataka | A Russian drone has opened one of the greatest engineering works. The problem: it was the sarcophagus of Chernobil reactor 4 In Xataka | Chernobil is full of radioactive dogs. It has nothing to do with the nuclear accident, according to a study

Tariffs on imported chips will soon come into force

The US administration responsible for the deployment of tariffs does not rest. Last Friday and near midnight, the US Customs and Border Protection Office He published a statement in which he officialized that some electronic devices and strategic components They were temporarily exempt from tariffs. Of all of them. Of 10% global applied to most of the planet’s countries, and also of the very tariff that penalizes Imports that come from China. This villantazo of the Government of Donald Trump is unexpected in the context of confrontation that the US maintains not only with the country led by Xi Jinping, but essentially with all the nations with which it maintains commercial relations. However, it makes sense. One of the categories of strategic components that at the moment are exempt from these taxes are semiconductors. The business of many US technology companies depends on the integrated circuits that import from Taiwan, China or South Korea, and tariffs They have the ability to compromise it. Tariffs will soon reach the imported integrated circuits With all Apple, Nvidia, AMD, Qualcomm, Broadcom and many other US companies whose activity depends largely on semiconductors made in Asia They have breathed relieved after knowing the exemption from which the chips benefit. However, joy must last little. And just a few hours ago President Donald Trump has confirmed That during the week we have just started, it will announce the tariff rate with which it will finally tax the imported integrated circuits. The Government led by Donald Trump seeks to reorganize the global semiconductor industry He has also anticipated that some companies in the semiconductor industry will have some flexibility, although they have not specified those companies or to what extent they can continue to import integrated circuits by avoiding tariffs. We will have to wait a little longer to have this information. As it is, it is evident that the government strategy led by Donald Trump pursues Reorganize the global chips industry To ensure that the US does not need to import any integrated circuit of critical value, such as those used by their companies to train models of artificial intelligence (AI) or develop advanced armament. The challenge that the US administration has ahead is that the relocation of an important part of the chips production infrastructure and the reorganization of supply chains cannot be carried out in a short time. This is the authentic reason why the Government has been forced to release the critical components needed by their tariff companies. All this does not respond to any elucubration. Trump has expressed it With total clarity a few hours ago. “We wanted to simplify it for many other companies because we want The entire supply chain of electronics in the next tariff investigations for the good of national security “, Donald Trump has sentenced. Thus paints the panorama. In a period not exceeding two months, the US will definitely announce to which tariffs both semiconductors and other critical technological products from China will be subjected. We will keep the expectation until then. More information | Reuters In Xataka | Nvidia will continue to sell its H20 GPU in China. It has cost a dinner of 1 million dollars per diner

Carrefour leaves this 75 -inch TV at unbeatable price with Google TV

The televisions sector has evolved in recent years towards large screens. If you want to renew your old TV and want to place a larger dimensions in the living room, in Carrefour you have this TCL 75C805. Specifically, you can buy it for 899 euros compared to the 1,399 euros that is usually worth. TV Miniled TCL 75C805 4K QLED + Google TV * Some price may have changed from the last review A TV with Premium features to ride your own home cinema This series Smart TV C805 of TCL It stands out for setting up a 75 -inch qled panel which offers 4K UHD resolution. It also comes with back Minilad and is compatible with formats such as HDR10+ and Dolby Vision IQ. The operating system under which it works is Google TV. In addition, it is also ideal for gaming, since it is compatible with VRR and has HDMI 2.1, so it is perfect to make maximum videoconsobles such as the PlayStation 5 either Xbox Series x. Its speakers offer a 30 W RMS Power And they are compatible with formats such as Dolby Digital, Dolby Atmos and DTS Virtual: X. Finally, as far as connectivity is concerned, it is very complete and integrates Bluetooth 5.0, Wifi, a port USB 3.2Ethernet port and headphones output. The best accessories to squeeze this TV to the maximum Amazon Fire TV Stick 4K (last generation) * Some price may have changed from the last review Sonos Ray – Compact sound bar * Some price may have changed from the last review Some of the links of this article are affiliated and can report a benefit to Xataka. In case of non -availability, offers may vary. Images | Webedia and TCL In Xataka | How to choose the ideal television size: what manufacturers say vs. What experts say In Xataka | Better sound bars in quality Price: which to buy and seven recommended models from 140 euros

He was saved by a script that did not admit a detour

In June 2024, Apple presented one of the most ambitious movements in its recent history: the integration of Apple Intelligence on its devices and, with it, a reinvention of Siri. That Keynote promised something that many had been waiting for years: a truly useful assistant, capable of understanding the User contextoffer precise answers and execute actions taking into account our personal information. Concert tickets, hotel reservations, shared links in messages or calendar locations: everything would be available to the new Siri. The enthusiasm was immediate. Apple raised it as an important transformation and, implicitly, as one of the necessary steps to catch up in the race for artificial intelligence (AI), accelerated after the launch of Chatgpt In November 2022. But the illusion evaporated soon. In March this year, The company confirmed that Siri’s new version would not be available until 2026. The announcement was a dry brake. For many, it was not just a disappointment: It was a blow to the credibility that Apple had been growing for years. And, despite this, the company did not offer too many explanations. The future simply was postponed. We cannot deny that Apple knows how to handle times. Dominates as nobody the art of anticipating what is to come, even when what it appears apparently is not completely finished. John Gruber hinted at himone of the most influential voices of the Apple environment, noting that some of the functions presented at the WWDC probably did not exist as such. Or, if they did, they were still far from being functional. The secrets behind one of the most epic technological presentations in history And it is not the first time. In fact, this strategy has a clear precedent, perhaps the most revealing of all: The presentation of the first iPhone in 2007. An event that has become myth within the history of technological marketing, with Steve Jobs announcing “a revolutionary and magical product.” But what few knew then, and many still ignore today, is that this device just worked on the day of their debut. Literally. A report by The New York Magazinebased on interviews with former Apple employees, reveals the ins and outs of that historical Keynote. Among the testimonies, Andy Grignon, a senior engineer responsible for the device communication modules, stands out. According to the iPhone software, it was plagued with errors: the songs were half reproduced, the videos tended to block and The system could collapse If the tasks were not executed in the precise order. The memory was so limited that a few simultaneous operations were enough to cause a restart. Given such a panorama, the engineers designed an emergency solution: “The Golden Way.” It was an exact sequence of actions that Jobs had to continue without deviating a millimeter. Only then could they make sure the phone did not stop responding in full demo. To cover your back, Jobs would have several identical units on stage. If one was blocked, it would happen to the next without the public noticing. To that technical tension, they explain, the aesthetic demand was added. Jobs didn’t want a camera to sign up for the device to show it on screen. I wanted one direct projectionclean, without visual interference. To achieve this, the engineers incorporated personalized plates and video cables that extracted the signal of the iPhone itself and sent it to the projector. It was a fragile and artisanal system, but it fulfilled its mission: it made everything seem natural, almost magical. The wifi was another headache. With thousands of people in the room, many with technical knowledge, connectivity could be compromised. To avoid this, Apple modified the Airport software responsible for giving connection to the iPhone, adapting it to operate at frequencies reserved to Japan, outside the usual range in the United States. A risky, but effective trick to ensure a stable signal during the presentation. The calls were also carefully prepared. AT&T, at the time exclusive partner of the iPhone, installed a portable mobile tower To guarantee a stable signal. Even so, demo devices were configured to always show five coverage bars, regardless of the real quality of the connection. Against all forecast, the presentation was impeccable. Jobs followed the script with surgical precision: he showed music and videos, sailed on web pages, sent messages, made a call, explored photos with tactile gestures and, in one of the most iconic moments, used Google Maps to locate a Starbucks and ask, like a wink, 4,000 coffees. The public surrendered. No one could imagine that this advanced iPhone was, at least at that time, a perfectly rehearsed staging. The level of secrecy was such that, according to The New York Magazine, one of the engineers interviewed assured that some suppliers, such as Marvel Technologies, did not know until the same day of the presentation that their Wi -Fi and Bluetooth chips were being used on a mobile phone, and not on an ipod. Apple even designed false schemes to mislead and avoid leaks. We may be, once again, before one of those staging that Apple dominates like nobody. We do not know with certainty how advanced is the new Siri, but the truth is that, unlike what happened with the iPhone, We are still waiting to see your most ambitious proposal in years. Siri aims to become a transforming tool, but for now it has not gone from being a promise. Images | Apple (1, 2) In Xataka | The new M3 ultra marks a turning point: Apple will not create an ultra version for each generation

China is developing an underwater space station more than 2,000 meters deep

In 1971, the former Russian Soviet Union launched its first space station, Slayut 1which was 175 days in orbit. From then on, the career in the space sector has grown tirelessly. In contrast we have the oceanic fund that around 80% is without mapping or exploring, According to the Oceanic and Atmospheric National Administration (NOA). In addition, in different studies with monitors, key minerals have been found for current technology and China He has got to work. Short. China has started the construction of an underwater laboratory at 2,000 meters deep in the Meriodional China Sea. The project developed in the deep waters of Guangzhou has been described as an “underwater space station”, where six scientists will be for more than a month to study the marine ecosystem, According to Chinadily. The underwater base. As have explained in the same mediumResearchers will aim to study cold leak ecosystems, a natural phenomenon that contains high amounts of methane hydrate. This gas is considered a less polluting alternative to traditional fossil fuels, but its extraction to great depths is a complex risk. On the other hand, the laboratory will also seek to explore minerals such as cobalt, nickel and rare earths, important elements for the technological and energy industry. Dangerous extraction. The deposits in the seabed, especially those at extreme depths, can cause irreparable damage to marine ecosystems. In fact, the international authority of the seabed has not established a regulation that determines how to carry out the activity, although studies are still being carried out. Currently, ISA He is holding meetings For the regulation of seabed extraction, while environmental organizations They are claiming a protection of oceans above commercial interests. Is there a place for everyone? The research center will be open to international collaborations and is aligned with the United Nations decade for the restoration of ecosystems, According to Global Times. However, this initiative will intensify disputes in the South China Sea. All this is because the Asian giant has claimed sovereignty over a large part of the area, which has led to tensions with neighboring countries that also wish to exploit their resources. Besides, According to El Confidencialcritics of the Chinese government have alerted the risk of this underwater base that could serve as justification for an increase in Chinese military presence. The submarine laboratory. According to El Confidencialthe station will be connected to a fiber optic network in the seabed and will support pressures 200 times higher than the sea level. Scientists will spend between a month and 45 days underwater, without natural light. In addition, the base will feature advanced submersibles, surface ships and equipment to perform four -dimensional monitoring of the region. In addition, the initial phase will focus on the construction of pressure resistant structures and simulation systems. Surpassing AI and autonomous vehicles. The station, as have detailed in SCMPIt will allow scientists to perform real -time experiments under extreme conditions, which is currently not possible to arrive with artificial intelligence or autonomous vehicles. As has explained for Global Times The project director, Chaolun Li, the initiative will contribute to the ecological and experimental monitoring in situ, advancing human knowledge in these extreme environments. Image | Proteus Ocean Group Xataka | Chinese submarines are authentic crickets: a new generation promises to change the rules of the game

There are so much space garbage that the ESA has said enough

When astronauts run to take refuge in their ships within a few months, rocket fragments fall into populated areas and multiple flights are diverted, it is that The problem of space garbage It is getting worse. The European Space Agency wants more strict rules and greater international cooperation, and will impose them even if no one follows. The goal: avoid the dreaded Kessler syndrome. From bad to worse. In 2024, the amount of space waste increased considerably after several incidents. In May, a Russian satellite that had been inactive for three years disintegrated in the low orbitforcing astronauts of the International Space Station to take refuge in their ships. In August, A CZ-6A Chinese rocket exploded After deploying 18 satellites in low orbit, generating a cloud of more than 300 fragments. In October, the IS-33E communications satellite Manufactured by Boeing, but he did it in the geostationary orbit. Up there, the 700 documented pieces will last thousands of years. Official data. According to a Recent ESA Reportapproximately 54,000 objects of more than 10 centimeters are known orbiting the earth, including active satellites. However, there are at least 1.2 million objects between 1 and 10 centimeters that could also put manned missions at risk and satellites due to its great kinetic energy. ESA warns in its report that the current trend increases the real risk of Kessler syndrome, a cascade of collisions in the low terrestrial orbit that could use this region for future generations. This scenario would not only put the new satellite constellations, such as those of Starlink, Kuiper or Oneweb, but seriously affect the safety of astronauts. It is not strange that China has dedicated much of 2024 To fortify its Tiangong Space Station to protect it from spatial garbage fragments and small meteoroids. But the implications of space waste are not limited only to space, they also have tangible impacts on the mainland. Not only does it affect space. As the cadence of launches increases, so do the uncontrolled falls of satellites and rockets. They almost always disintegrate in the atmosphere, but some elements, such as carbon fiber tanks, can resist the heat of the reentry even traveling 27,000 kilometers per hour. Spacex could be touching the limits of its launching capacity after suffering several incidents. The closest to a misfortune has occurred this year in the airspace of Poland, where a second stage of Falcon 9 was disintegrated. Several large fragments managed to survive the heat of the reentry and They fell near the city of Poznanincluding a subway and a half deposit on the grounds of an industrial plant. The frequent tests of new rockets are also a reason for concern. The Spacex starship has exploded twice on the Atlantic Ocean this year, causing two debris rainfall and Several deviations on commercial flights of the Caribbean or Florida. Bluen’s New Glenn rocket propeller fell out of control in the Atlantic during its debut flight, but did so at dawn, without great consequences. New ESA rules. Although there were already rules such as 25 years (which establishes that obsolete satellites must get out of orbit within a maximum period of 25 years after their useful life), the level of compliance varies according to the type and size of the object. It is only 52% for large satellites. Therefore, ESA has introduced a more strict five -year limit in its missions, seeking to set an example to establish more rigorous standards globally. All this is part of A “Zero Debris” commitment which seeks to reach an orbital environment without waste by 2030. The frame includes technical measures to avoid space garbage, actively eliminate waste through advanced technologies and foster a spatial circular economy based on the beginning of the four R: “Remove, reuse, refurbish, recycle”, eliminate, reuse, restore and recycle. In search of an international framework. It is not clear that ESA will lead the world by imposing stricter norms, because it could affect the development of new commercial constellations, but the problem of space garbage is becoming a real priority in the international legal field. There is a legal framework: the 1972 Responsibility Convention. It was applied, for example, in the case of the Kosmos 954 Soviet satellite, which spread radioactive remains over northern Canada in 1978, or when part of a Spacex Crew Dragon ship of Spacex fell on a Saskatchewan farm In 2024. In most cases, however, it is difficult to purify responsibilities, he points out A report from the University of New York. According to the report, more robust and binding international agreements are urgently needed. Image | THAT In Xataka | The new space race has created Boomerang scrap. The probability that clash against a plane has also increased

In 1643, Descartes created one of the most important theorems of geometry. We knew he was right, but we didn’t know why. Until now

In 1643, René Descartes wrote a letter to Princess Isabel del Palatinado in which she simplified a classic problem of Western geometry and offered a solution: the so -called ‘Descartes theorem’; that, according to the famous problem that Frederick Soddy published in 1936 in Natureit can be summarized as “the sum of the squares of the four curvatures is half the square of its sum in figures.” Basically, he found a relationship between the radios of four mutually tangent circles. The problem is that the French philosopher did not explain the reasoning behind that relationship and, in fact, he never managed to find a general formula for more than four circles. His intuition is that this solution existed, but was not able to find it. That has brought mathematicians since then. A couple of years ago Daniel Mathews and Orion Zymaris, from the Australian University of Monash, They decided to try With a radically new approach. What if we use tools of theoretical physics? That was the question that was asked: As Héctor Farrés explainedinstead of pulling the tools of conventional geometry, they began to play with ‘thorn’ (a type of objects of theoretical physics that need a 720 degree turn to return to their natural position). “We use a version of thorn developed by Roger Penrose and Wolfgang Rindler, which applied to the theory of relativity,” The authors said. In this way they achieved ‘re-conceptualize’ circles as algebraic entities that can suffer from geometric transformations. That was the key to obtaining a general formula to be able to describe increasingly complex groups of mutually tangent circles. Why is it interesting? To start because it solves a historical problem of geometry. But, above all, because it does it again and with many ramifications. When Andrew Wiles He managed to demonstrate Fermat’s last theoremthere was some disappointment for the use of modern mathematical tools. In that case it was understandable: part of the grace of the problem was to find the demonstration that Fermat himself said he had discovered (but never wrote). With Descartes’s theorem is different. There was nothing to look for, just a solution to develop. And doing so shows all the potential of mathematics to destroy the limitations that lead us to grip for centuries. In the end, As Arthur C. Clarke said“When a distinguished but elderly scientist says that something is possible, it is almost certain that he is right. When he states that something is impossible, it is almost certain that he is wrong. Image | Frans Hals | Jacob Rus In Xataka | The “Matrix” fillet was always real: philosophical and metaphysical reflections on metovers

West believed that mines and conventional artillery were the past. Ukraine has shown that they were wrong

They have been Several occasions in which the conflict after the Russian invasion in Ukraine seemed Go back to the pastat an era where technology did not dominate the battlefield, but the human through it. The effect of what has happened to east of Europe begins to have its echoes on several nations of the old continent. Conventional artillery and mines, for decades considered obsolete, have seen A resurgence That nobody seemed to glimpse, and now everyone wants to rearm. A return to the past. As we said, the conflict in Ukraine has radically reconfigured Western understanding about The modern warrevealing the validity of weapons that for a long time were forgotten as vestiges of the past. Antipersonnel minesheavy artillery and non -guided ammunition have reappeared as key elements In a type of war that NATO and European armies had stopped planning: the large -scale land war. For years, Western powers imagined the conflicts of the 21st century as technological, rapid and surgical clashes, starring reduced units and high precision weapons systems. It happens that the Ukrainian realitywith their stagnant fronts and prolonged fighting For territorial control, those assumptions have denied sharply. The Treaty of Ottawa and Las Mines. In fact, one of the most visible effects of this doctrinal turn has been the decision of several European countries to abandon the Ottawa treaty of 1997, the same that prohibited the use, production and sale of antipersonnel mines. Who is it? Finland was the last In reverting his adhesion, adding to Poland, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia, who had already announced their departure. These nations, all neighbors of Russia or in their area of ​​geopolitical influence, are actively preparing for undermine its bordersin an attempt to contain a possible Moscow military offensive. The reasons are clearly clear: the Use of mines in Ukraine It has demonstrated its effectiveness not only to stop advances, but to channel enemy troops to areas where they can be faced with greater guarantees of success. It is a territorial defense tactic that resurfaces in a conventional war context, precisely when it was believed to be overcome. Artillery and unburgated ammunition, the resurgence. While the guided missile systems provided by NATO face problems in the face of the Russian capacities of Electronic interferencetraditional artillery, with simple and cheap projectiles, has charged New prominence. These ammunition, not depending on electronic signals, are immune to blockages or technological sabotages. In addition, combined with modern surveillance tools (such as drones that identify real -time objectives), they have become extraordinarily lethal. Ukraine, in fact, has taken advantage of this synergy, adapting old technologies to the new battlefield. The result has been a war that advances very little in terms of territory, but that consumes huge amounts of projectiles and requires a sustained production that Europe was not prepared to assume. Europe and industrial career. On the other sidewalk, the paradigm shift has exposed the fragility of war production capacities in Europe, although that is not quite news when the old continent has already talked about rearming. A report by the Royal United Services Institute criticized European governments for Trust blindly in which the private sector would solve the manufacturing needs of ammunition without having offered them incentives or favorable regulations. This omission has had serious consequences: according to General Christopher CavoliSupreme Comandante Allied with NATO in Europe, Russia is on the way to accumulate projectile reserves three times higher to those of the United States and Europe together. He imbalance is alarmingespecially considering that the Ukrainian conflict does not show short -term resolution signs and that the current levels of ammunition consumption are unsustainable without an industrial restructuring. Russia’s mirror. In this regard and According to CavoliRussia currently produces 250,000 artillery projectiles per month, which leads it to build that arsenal three times greater than the United States and Europe. Not just that. Cavoli’s testimony underlines a crucial point: while Russia is perceived in the West bogged down In a wear war, its defense machinery He has managed to adaptgrow and, in some aspects, strengthen in full conflict. Moscow has been recovering its arsenals on all fronts (from ammunition to armored vehicles and troops), which strongly contrasts with the logistics and production difficulties faced by their adversaries. The estimate of Cavoli points to an annual manufacture of 1,500 tanks by Russia, in front of the 135 produced by the United States. In the last year, Russian troops would have lost Approximately 3,000 tanks9,000 armored vehicles, 13,000 artillery systems and more than 400 air defense systems, but would be completely replaced, keeping their land projection capacity intact. Planning errors. Experts like Paul van Hooft, from the Think Tank Rand Europe, They explained to Insider that this lag is a direct consequence of three decades of strategic planning focused on asymmetric wars. Since the September 11 attacks, NATO designed its military operations thinking of insurgencies, terrorism and irregular forces, where neither heavy artillery nor mines seemed to have practical utility. That vision led, according to the analyst, to the dismantling of traditional arsenals and the abandonment of terrestrial war doctrines, especially in Western Europe. However, the current conflict demands precisely opposite: territorial defense, sustained occupation of broad areas and classical deterrence capacity. The balance between the future and the past. Mark Cancan, from Center for Strategic and International Studies, stressed that prolonged wars, once stabilized the front lines, make weapons such as artillery and mines not only useful, but dominant. While drones, artificial intelligence and other innovations continue to perform An important roledo not replace the volume of fire or logistics resistance that allow sustaining an offensive or defending a position for months. In this regard, Cancan warns against excess confidence in futuristic war visions, many of them promoted by startups technological ones that compete to attract funds from the new defense budgets. Faced with this, the evidence seems to show that, at least for now, the war remains a matter of volume, physical resources and conventional abilities well managed. Ironically, if … Read more

K-pop begins to give signs of exhaustion

A few years ago, we talked about how K-Pop, the Korean synthetic pop groups manifestly prefabricated and whose background is so fascinating or more than their music, They were sweeping the international panoramaafter decades kneading millions in their country of origin. Currently, however, signals of exhaustion are detected both in financial and creative. Are we seeing the principle of gender decline or is it only an occasional bump? 2020, turning point. It was in that year, As The Guardian rememberswhen BTS, perhaps The most popular K-Pop group in the worldhe cast his song ‘Dynamite‘In the best -selling lists in the United States. It was a first time for the K-Pop that seemed to consolidate in 2023, when the Blackpink were Coachella poster head. Since then, soloists like Jennie and Lisa (Blackpink outings), the new sensation of the genre Tomorrow X Together, Ateez or Twice have entered the North American list: Seven of the 10 best-selling CDs in the US in 2024 were K-Pop. And this presence in the American lists is perhaps what is precipitating a certain crisis … in Korea. Sound internationalization. When Korean bands have detected the possibility of expanding their already huge market, they have applied an internationalizing roller to many of their successes, without a doubt derived from the success of ‘Dynamite’, sung entirely in English, perhaps essential requirement to succeed in a list as Anglocentric as that of US successes. This has not liked, the Guardian tells, the fans of a lifetime, who are also seeing how an older fandom enters: the K-Pop has ceased to be a strictly youthful phenomenon (as phenomena such as the tour ‘Forever Young’ tour of Day6 this year, aimed at a mature audience), and more than integrate, that alienates the usual fans. Songs in English, little Korean sound. This internationalization goes through a series of elements that are not well seen in Korea. For example, singing in English: ‘Dynamite’ has been a success in the United States, as we said, precisely thanks to the fact that it is sung entirely in that language, an absolute first time for gender. But not only that: the last viral success in networks like Tiktok of the K-Pop, ‘APT‘, by Rosé (another Blackpink member) is not only sung in English and is a duet with Bruno Mars, but its sound is absolutely produced in the American style, as a kind of accelerated Lady Gaga and Punk-Pop. Korea looks at J-Pop. And we do not talk about success strictly from the United States: in Spain, without going any further, COLDE, AESPA, KISS OF LIFE AND TXT have played and in the rest of this year the visits of Lun8, Kisu, Wave to Earth, Stray Kids or Blackpink are planned in the rest of this year. More and more international, increasingly related to international tastes, it is logical that Korean fans themselves turn their backs: current idols Synthetic generated. And meanwhile, the industry is atomized. Traditionally, K-Pop groups have been created by seals through castings, and have controlled absolutely all aspects of their career: their public image, their personal relationships, etc. In 2022, a group of the most praised in the scene, Newjaans, He tried to disconnect from his stampHybe, as a protest for the treatment they had given them and for the dismissal of their producer and responsible for their sound, a unclassifiable mixture of advanced pop, pop and electronics. They talked to their fans in direct on the Internet and unleashed a public discussion about the Labor rights of K-Pop artists. A business in crisis. Newjaans’ action served as wedge so that the industry, which is becoming more rigid, gives crisis symptoms, or at least exhibits certain cracks in its structure. As proof, sales: Korea Music Content Association has observed That after nine consecutive years of crush, in 2024 discs sales fell 19% in Korea. An image crisis. A revealing detail both about the crisis in the industry in Korea and the fall in sales is that two of the groups that traction the industry (In the words of ‘Korea Times’), BTS and BlackPink (some doing military service, the others focused on their international careers) have paralyzed their activity in the country. Hybe, the seal with which Newjaans collided, and the most important in the Korean industry, It takes time reporting losses and is immersed in an image crisis that has led him to apologize to rival seals, artists and the public. Everything points to a sign of the times that may be the beginning of an inevitable change. In Xataka | If you listen to K-Pop, forced labor: North Korea is battling the cultural hegemony of its neighbors without regard

China is also eating the world of collection toys through a phenomenon: the Pop Mart

In the toy industry, the ‘Made in China’ label is no longer a stigma. At least, not since brands like Pop Mart has invaded the toy international panorama with accessible, modern products and whose sales are counted by millions. The giant of the hyperestilized dolls has captivated collectors and children from all over the world thanks to social networks, with an intergenerational impact that should be the envy of more “serious” industries. At least, While tariffs do not suppose a problem. What are they? The Pop Mart are the dolls that the company of the same name manufactures and that can be purchased Through its websitein specific stores that are opening (sometimes temporarily) by the main capitals of the world, and even in vending machines also more frequent. They are divided into series in which the same doll is shown in different variants, which makes them highly collectible. The fashion of aesthetics Cute It has made them products that go beyond children’s public, and their usual dissemination in surprise boxes that hide their content has led them to succeed in social networks. A viral impact. Undoubtedly, the ease of social networks to transcend borders has given Pop Mart’s thrust to be known outside China. A quick Pop Mart in Tiktok throws, only with creators of Spanish content, an infinite ristra of unboxings that have the addition that, being in many cases of surprise boxes, the users themselves, With hundreds of thousands of followersthey are the first to be surprised. A clear precedent: Funko Pop. The nature of the dolls partly remembers the Funko Popthe doll brand that have already become mainstream Absolute, all cut by the same aesthetic pattern, and which refer to multitude of franchises and trademarks. The Pop Mart, although they have a certain common iconic character among all, are subdivided into multiple collections and each one has its own aesthetics. Of course, they also surrender to the power of the franchises and have multiple collections dedicated to Disney, Harry Potter, SpongeBob, Marvel, Barbie and a long etcetera. The importance of authors. Pop Mart has another distinctive feature that distinguishes it from today Funko Pop: His support for designers and artists behind some of the doll lines, which gives him an air of exclusivity against more impersonal brands and also connects with another clear precedent of the phenomenon. This is the Art Toys, very expensive vinyl dolls that a couple of decades ago were epitome of modernity. Many more affordable than those, Pop Mart boasts of a designer shield With names like Lang, Ayan Deng, Pucky or Libby Frame. It is not surprising: thanks to one of them, Kasing Lung, has generated its best known property, Labubu. Labubu sweeps. Labubu is a kind of elf with a monkey appearance and a smile that seems out of the hell itself, and has become the property of Pop Mart most selling globally: it is part of a broader collection called The Monsters, and generated 419 million dollars last year for 419 million dollars in benefits for Pop Mart. It is not, that yes, the company’s best known brand in China, where the girl-girl triumphs Molly. This is the creation of a designer there, Kenny Wong, which corroborates the good eye that Pop has had put in the foreground the creators of his icons. Blind origins. The company was founded in 2000 by businessman Wang Ning, 38. In less than fifteen years he has managed to convert Pop Mart into one of the best known companies in China: in 2024 his actions rose 370%. His success is such that in September 2023 he opened his own attraction park in Beijing, Pop Land40 square kilometers. But it is its unstoppable world implementation that is drawing attention. International madness. According to data you handled Time magazine130 of the company’s 530 stores at the end of last year are outside China (the first in Spain It opened in Barcelona). In 2024, its benefits for international sales rose a spectacular 375%, which corroborates the growth that Europe and the United States is having. According to him Company’s own income reportin 2024 it had benefits of 1.8 billion dollars, of which 40% came from outside China. The viral surprise boxes. Part of the secret of Pop Mart is in the surprise boxes (or blind boxes, as the literal translation of Blind Boxes): The search for specific models, with special attention to special dolls, not described in catalogs, and that can leave each seventy and so many boxes, combine with the guarantee of not repeating surprise if you do not want. For example, if you buy a complete collection of six surprise boxes, it is known that those six They won’t have repeated dolls: The viralizable content, the gamification of the search and the commercial hook are as evident as effective. The invasion of Chinese toys. Of course, Pop Mart is not alone in this crazy race to earn the hearts of influencers and collectors. His fiercest competitor is TOP TOYfounded much more recently, in 2020. It is owned by Minisothe Chinese low -cost store chain specialized in consumer products. In 2024, they already had benefits of 134.84 million dollars, their products focus on licensed properties, and already have different 40 IPS dolls. With the project to open a thousand stores worldwide in the coming years, it is clear that a future toy also dominated by Chinese companies awaits us. Header | Choo Yut Shing in Flickr In Xataka | If China wants to dodge US tariffs, Russia can teach you a shortcut: Kyrgyzstan

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