In which communities it can be done and how to do it in the 2026 declaration

We are going to explain how and where you can have one deduction for living in a municipality at risk of depopulation in your Income 2025, which is the declaration we make in 2026 to account for the last fiscal year. You can now request and submit your draft online and from the mobilebut if you live in a small town or rural area with few inhabitants or with a tendency to aging and emigration, you should pay attention to this before confirming it. We have already told you what they are the most important boxes that should be reviewed in the income. And we also have guides on how to deduct you home insurance, gym fee, vet expenses, glasses and contact lenses, school supplies either the rent of your habitual residence. Now it is the turn of a deduction specifically designed to stop the depopulation of the rural interior. Being able to benefit from this deduction It depends on the autonomous community in which you live.because it is only available in a few and conditions change. But before going into the details of each one, there are a series of general requirements that are repeated in practically all of them. Requirements in addition to the community where you live Although each autonomous community establishes its own conditions for this and other deductions, there is always a series of common requirements that are repeated in practically all of them. These are the requirements that you should know about how to request the deduction or if you can do so. Have a habitual residence: No, this help is not for when you have a second residence in the town and go on weekends. The deduction is only for those who live there permanently, when you spend the greatest number of days of the year in that town and have it registered as your habitual residence. The municipality must be on the official list: It’s not enough that it’s a small town. The municipality must be registered on the list of those that are in depopulation or demographic risk of the autonomous community to which they belong. The deduction does not appear in the draft: Like almost all regional deductions, this one does not fill itself out. If you commit the draft without reviewing it, you will lose it. You have to add it manually in Renta Web. Deductions for each autonomous community We start with this table where we summarize the autonomous communities where you will be able to receive the deduction for living in a municipality at risk of depopulation, as well as the amount. This way, you will have everything clear at a glance. Community deduction Rent limit Additional requirement Cantabria 20% of the full regional fee (max. €500) No limit Under 40 years of age and residence throughout the calendar year Estremadura 15% of the full regional quota €28,000 (individual) / €45,000 (joint) Municipality with less than 3,000 inhabitants Valencian Community €330 (plus up to an additional €264 with children) No limit Municipality included in the Municipal Cooperation Fund against depopulation Deduction for living in a municipality at risk of depopulation in Cantabria In Cantabria you have a deduction of 20% of the full regional quotaalthough with a maximum of 500 euros in the deduction. Come on, if you have a regional quota of 2,000 euros, 400 will be deducted, and if it is 3,000 or more, the limit is 500. In order to apply this deduction you must be a person under 40 years of age and reside in that municipality habitually. You must have lived during the entire last calendar year, so you have no deduction if you moved in the middle of last year. If you are going to do joint taxationthe deduction is applied to each of the taxpayers in the family unit that individually meets the requirements. Each one may apply it separately even if the joint declaration is made. Deduction for living in a municipality at risk of depopulation in Extremadura Extremadura has a different approach. Apply a deduction of 15% of the full regional quotabut without any type of limit or maximum amount. Furthermore, it is not intended that you live in the town on a list, but rather that you live regularly in a municipality with a population of less than 3,000 inhabitants within the autonomous community. However, yes there is an income limit to be able to access the deduction. Within this limit, the sum of the general tax base and savings must not exceed the 28,000 euros in individual taxation nor the 45,000 euros in joint taxation. If you are going to do joint taxationthe amount of the deduction is the amount that corresponds to you when you are entitled to it. Come on, the 15% will be applied to the proportional part of the full regional quota that corresponds to you within the family unit. Deduction for living in a municipality at risk of depopulation in the Valencian Community The Valencian Community is where this deduction is easiest to understand, but it is also the one that gives the least money. You receive a fixed amount of 330 euroswhich grows by 132 euros if you are entitled to the minimum for descendants for one person, by 198 euros if it is for two, and by 264 euros if it is for three or more. The deduction is incompatible with regional deductions for birth, adoption or foster care for the same descendant. Furthermore, to opt for it you must live in a registered municipality in the Municipal Cooperation Fund against depopulation What documentation should you keep Although in none of the autonomous communities you will have to attach any document to verify your data, it is possible that the Treasury will ask you for supporting documents during the following four years. Therefore, it is advisable that you have saved documents that prove that you have lived in that municipality in 2025, which is the year for which … Read more

In which communities it can be done and how to do it in the 2026 declaration

Let’s explain to you how and where you can have a deduction for celiac disease in your Income 2025, which is the declaration we make in 2026 to account for the last fiscal year. You can now request and submit your draft online and from the mobilebut if you have celiac disease it is important to pay attention to this deduction, because you can save a few euros. We have already told you what they are the most important boxes that should be reviewed in the income. And we also have guides on how to deduct you home insurance, gym fee, vet expenses, glasses and contact lenses, school supplies either the rent of your habitual residence. Now, it is the turn of the expenses derived from celiac disease. The deduction is designed to compensate for the extra costs of following a gluten-free diet. But it is important that you know that The deduction depends on the autonomous community in which you live. First because it is only available in three of them, and second because in each one there are different conditions and quantities. Requirements in addition to the community where you live Although each autonomous community establishes its own conditions, there are a series of common requirements that are repeated in practically all of them. These are the requirements that you should know about how to request the deduction or if you can do so. Official medical diagnosis: It is not enough to follow a gluten-free diet by your own decision. To be able to access this deduction you must have a medical report or certificate that confirms that you have celiac disease, in accordance with the criteria recognized by the scientific community. You do not need to justify the specific expenditure on food: You don’t have to keep purchase receipts or invoices for gluten-free products. This deduction is a fixed amount that will be applied just for having this diagnosis. Of course, you will always have to have the medical document. The deduction does not appear in the draft: This is one of those deductions that the Treasury does not automatically fill out. Therefore, it is recommended that you review the draft and add it manually. It is cumulative per family member: If there are several people in your home with diagnosed celiac disease, you can apply the deduction for each of them, not just for you. Deductions for each autonomous community We start with this table where we summarize the autonomous communities where you will be able to receive the deduction for celiac disease, as well as the amount. This way, you will have everything clear at a glance. Community Deduction Rent limit Andalusia €100 for each member of the family unit diagnosed No limit Asturias €100 for each member of the family unit diagnosed €35,000 (individual) / €45,000 (joint) Rioja €250 for each member of the family unit diagnosed No limit Deduction for celiac disease in Andalusia In Andalusia it is established a deduction of 100 euros for each person in the family nucleus with diagnosed celiac disease. This is the only one of the three communities that does not require any tax base limitso any taxpayer residing there can access it regardless of their income. The taxpayer himself, his spouse or partner registered in the registry of de facto couples, and the people who give the right to family minimums through ascendants or descendants are considered part of the family nucleus. Come on, it can be you, your partner if you have married or are a de facto couple, and the children, parents or grandparents who live with you. If two taxpayers are entitled to the deduction for the same person, such as separated people or people with shared custody of a celiac child, the amount is divided equally, 50 euros for each one. Deduction for celiac disease in Asturias In Asturias the deduction is also 100 euros for each member of the family nucleus with a confirmed diagnosis of celiac disease. However, there are three aspects in which it is different from the other two communities. For a start, yes there is an income limit To be able to benefit from the deduction: do not exceed 35,000 euros in individual taxation or 45,000 euros in joint declaration. In addition to this, Asturias It does require that you have expenses derived from the illness. You will not have to provide purchase invoices, but you may have a way to prove that you have actually had these extra expenses in the event that the Treasury requests it. Asturias also has a more restrictive definition of family nucleus. It includes the taxpayer, spouse only when there are joint returns, and ascendants and descendants. If two taxpayers are entitled to the deduction for the same person, such as separated people or people with shared custody of a celiac child, the amount is divided equally, 50 euros for each one. Deduction for celiac disease in La Rioja La Rioja is the most generous community, since it gives you 250 euros for each person in the family nucleus who have a diagnosis of celiac disease, more than twice as many as the others. Furthermore, there are no limits on the tax base either. The family nucleus includes the taxpayer, his or her spouse and the people who give the right to family minimums through ascendants or descendants: children, parents, grandparents. Yes indeed, La Rioja is also more demanding in documentation. Unlike the other two communities, this one does expressly mention the need to have a medical certificate that includes the complete identification of the active doctor who issues it, his or her membership number and specialty, and the date of issue and diagnosis. If two taxpayers are entitled to the deduction for the same person, such as separated people or people with shared custody of a celiac child, the amount is divided equally, 125 euros for each one. How to declare it in Renta Web To add this deduction … Read more

In which communities it can be done and how to do it in the 2026 declaration

We are going to explain how and where you can deduct expenses on prescription glasses and contact lenses in your 2025 Income, which is what we do in 2026 to account for the last fiscal year. You can now request and submit your draft online and from the mobilebut first it is advisable to pay attention to this. We have already explained to you the most important boxes which you should pay attention to in your declaration, but it is also important to know the regional deductions. We have already taught you to deduct your home insurance, veterinary expenses and gym feebut now we are going to tell you how to deduct your glasses and contact lenses and in which autonomous communities you will be able to do it. And the latter is important, because not all of us can deduct these expenses from our income, depends on the autonomous community in which we live. But beyond that, before we also start listing them all, we are going to tell you other general requirements that you need to know. Requirements in addition to the community where you live In order to correctly deduct the expenses on glasses and contact lenses without ending up receiving a request from the Treasury for having done it wrong, you must meet the following requirements: Products that do enter: You can deduct expenses on prescription glasses, contact lenses, and maintenance or cleaning solutions for contact lenses. Some communities also include the frames, but others only the prescription lenses. Products that do not fit: You will not be able to deduct expenses for unprescribed sunglasses, nor the aesthetic part of the glasses. Products covered by public aid or medical insurance do not enter into the part that is already subsidized. Expenses from January 1 to December 31 from 2025: If the declaration we make in 2026 is called “Income 2025” it is because it corresponds to the last fiscal year. Therefore, only the expenses you have made throughout 2025 count, neither those before nor after. Traceable payments: It is not advisable to make payments in cash. It is better to make payments traceable by the Treasury so that it can be verified correctly. Therefore, payments you have made using debit or credit cards, bank transfers, Bizum or direct debit receipts. In cases of accounts with multiple owners, marital money or shared payments, each community has specific rules for distributing the deduction between spouses. Invoices with complete data: A ticket from the optician is not enough. You need a complete invoice with all your information, such as your ID, full name, and the tax information of the optician. This invoice must clearly break down the concept (prescription glasses, contact lenses or maintenance solutions), and you must keep it throughout the duration of the campaign in case the Treasury asks for it to verify that they are real expenses. Deductions for each autonomous community Community Deduction Annual limit Key requirements Canary Islands 12% €500 (individual) €700 (joint) Taxable base less than €46,455 (individual) or €61,770 (joint). If you exceed it, the limit drops to €150. Includes mounts. Valencian Community 30% €100 Taxable base less than €60,000 (individual) or €78,000 (joint), with a proportional reduction between €54,000-60,000. Only prescription lenses and prescription lenses with frames not pre-mounted. Requires optional report. Murcia Region 30% €100 Only for children under 12 years of age for whom the taxpayer applies the minimum for descendants. We start with this table where we summarize the autonomous communities where you will be able to deduct the expenses of glasses, contact lenses and contact lens maintenance products, as well as the deduction and the annual limit that you can deduct. This way, you will have everything clear at a glance. Deduction for glasses and contact lenses in the Canary Islands In the Canary Islands there is a 12% deduction of expenses for purchasing prescription glasses and contact lenses, as well as accessories. This is so when these can only be used to compensate for physical deficiencies, not for aesthetic reasons. The deduction falls within the deductions section of “Illness expenses” from the Canary Islands. This deduction has an annual limit of 500 euros in individual taxation and 700 euros in joint taxation, the highest of all the communities. To be able to apply it, the sum of your general tax base and savings cannot exceed 46,455 euros in individual taxation or 61,770 euros in joint taxation. If you exceed those limits you can still deduct the glasses, but then the limit will be 150 euros per taxpayer. In addition, the limits are increased by 100 euros in individual taxation if you are over 65 years old or have a disability equal to or greater than 65%. It is the only one of the three communities that allows frames to also be included, since the standard speaks of “devices and accessories” without being limited to prescription lenses. The base of the deduction is reduced by any public aid received that is exempt income, and payments cannot be made in cash. Deduction for glasses and contact lenses in the Valencian Community In the Valencian Community the deduction is 30% of what you have spent on prescription glasses, prescription lenses with non-pre-mounted frames, contact lenses and solutions for their maintenance. The deduction is part of the “For amounts paid for certain health expenses” of the Valencian Community. This deduction has a maximum limit of 100 euros annually per taxpayer. Come on, that is the maximum amount to deduct. To be able to apply it, the sum of your general taxable base and savings (boxes 0500 and 0510) cannot exceed 60,000 euros in individual taxation or 78,000 euros in joint taxation. Be careful because here we are talking about the taxable base, not the taxable base as in the Canary Islands. Valencia also stands out in two important aspects. On the one hand, leave out pre-assembled framesso you can only deduct prescription lenses from glasses and prescription lenses with … Read more

In which communities it can be done and how to do it in the 2026 declaration

Let’s explain to you How and where you can deduct veterinary expenses in your 2025 Income, which is what we do in 2026 to account for the last fiscal year. You can now request and submit your draft online and from the mobilebut before doing so it is advisable to pay attention to this. We have already explained the most important boxes that you have to pay attention to in your return, but there are also others that you should pay attention to in case you can scratch any deductions. For example, we have taught you how to deduct your home insurance and gym feebut in three communities you can also deduct vet expensesalthough with some conditions. This deduction is for veterinarian fees for your pet: your dog, cat, or ferret. The one who lives with you at home. They are not deductions for ranchers, work animals, or for farms, because if you are self-employed and there are animals in your work activity, these go through a different tax route (as an expense of the activity), not through this deduction that we are going to explain to you. Being able to deduct veterinarian expenses in the income tax return It depends on the autonomous community in which you live.. But before we start listing them all, we are going to tell you other general requirements that you need to know. Requirements in addition to the community where you live In order to be able to correctly deduct veterinary expenses without ending up with a request from the Treasury for having done it wrong, you must meet the following requirements: Private pet: The deduction is exclusively for pets in your home, regardless of their origin. Other wild animals only enter if they are on the official positive list of pets. Production animals, those intended for consumption, sale or any commercial or professional activity are excluded. Expenses from January 1 to December 31 from 2025: If the declaration we make in 2026 is called “Income 2025” it is because it corresponds to the last fiscal year. Therefore, only the expenses you have made throughout 2025 count, neither those before nor after. Invoices with complete data: A ticket from the clinic reception is not enough. You need an official invoice issued by an authorized veterinary center, with your personal information (name, ID) and the center’s tax information. It must also correctly detail the services provided. Traceable payments: It is not advisable to make payments in cash. It is better to make payments traceable by the Treasury so that it can be verified correctly. Therefore, payments you have made using debit or credit cards, bank transfers, Bizum or direct debit receipts. In cases of accounts with multiple owners, marital money or shared payments, each community has specific rules for distributing the deduction between spouses. Expenses that do come in: The deduction mainly covers vaccinations, deworming, sterilization when mandatory, consultations, interventions, diagnostic tests and mandatory treatments according to regulations. Expenses that do not enter: Expenses for food, hygiene products, accessories, dog grooming, residential or training services are not deductible. Come on, your furry friend’s medical expenses are included, not food or aesthetic expenses. Only expenses without subsidies: Expenses cannot have been subsidized by public or private entities. If you have received aid, you cannot deduct that part. Deductions for each autonomous community Community deduction Annual limit Key requirements Andalusia 30% €100 Taxable base less than €80,000 (individual) or €100,000 (joint). Only the year following the purchase of the animal or the following 3 years if it was adopted. Unlimited for assistance dogs. Recuón of Murcia 30% €100 Taxable base less than €25,000 (individual) or €40,000 (joint). Without limitation by type of animal or date of acquisition. Castile – La Mancha 30% €100 Only for assistance dogs. It is applied for as long as you have the animal. We start with this table where we summarize the autonomous communities where you will be able to deduct veterinary expenses, as well as the deduction and the annual limit that you can deduct. This way, you will have everything clear at a glance. Deduction for veterinary expenses in Andalusia In Andalusia there is a 30% deduction of veterinary expenses, with a maximum of 100 euros per year per taxpayer. This means that, according to Treasury regulations For this autonomous community, to get that maximum of 100 euros deducted you will have to have spent at least 333 euros at the veterinarian. One important thing you should know is that only the expenses for the year following the acquisition of your pet are covered. This period rises to the following three years if your animal is adopted. If it is an assistance dog, things change, and it covers the entire period of ownership of the animal by the taxpayer. Animals include dogs, cats and ferretsand the rest of the species will depend on their registration. If they are production animals, they are only considered companion animals if they have stopped being used for production, and the owner has registered them as a companion animal in the Companion Animal Registry. It is essential that the sum of your general tax base and savings does not exceed 80,000 euros in individual taxation or 100,000 euros in joint taxation, so access to this deduction is quite broad. It only applies to the regional section of personal income tax and you must have your tax residence in Andalusia. The deductible expenses include vaccinations, deworming and other mandatory treatments according to Andalusian regulations, as well as sterilization expenses when mandatory in accordance with the Law on the Protection of the Rights and Welfare of Animals. Deduction for veterinary expenses in the Region of Murcia In Murcia there is a 30% deduction of veterinary expenses, with a maximum of 100 euros per year per taxpayer. This means that, according to Treasury regulations For this autonomous community, to get that maximum of 100 euros deducted you will have to have spent at least 333 euros … Read more

In which communities it can be done and how to do it in the 2026 declaration

We are going to explain how and where you can deduct your gym fee in your 2025 Income, which is what we do in 2026 to account for the last fiscal year. You can now request and submit your draft online and from the mobilebut before doing so pay attention to this. We have already explained to you the most important boxes to which you have to pay attention in your declaration, but there are also others that should be looked at in case you can scratch any deductions. And the deductions for what you pay when you go to the gym are an example. Being able to deduct your gym fee in your income tax return It depends on the autonomous community in which you live.. But before we start listing them all, we are going to tell you other general requirements that you need to know. Requirements in addition to the community where you live In order to correctly deduct your gym fee without you ending up receiving a request from the Treasury for having done wrong, you must meet the following requirements: Invoices with complete data: A ticket from the gym reception is not enough, to be able to deduct the gym you need a complete invoice with all your information, such as your ID, full name, and the tax information of the sports center. The quotas must also appear correctly. Traceable payments: It is not advisable to make installment payments in cash. In fact, in some communities they are left out of the deduction. It is best to make payments traceable by the Treasury, using methods such as debit or credit cards, bank transfers, Bizum or direct debit receipts. Purpose of the expense: The deductions usually cover gym fees, but sometimes also directed activities and classes that you can teach within a gym, although this depends on each community. What is not included is the purchase of sports equipment. Deductions for each autonomous community Community Deduction Annual limit Key requirements Valencian Community 30% (up to 100% depending on age/disability) €150 Income less than €32,000 (individual) or €48,000 (joint). Up to 100% deduction for people over 75 years of age. Rioja 30% (up to 100% depending on age/disability) €300 The expense must be made in entities registered in the La Rioja Sports Registry. Andalusia 15% €100 No income limit. Includes gym, club and federation fees. Murcia Region 30% (100% over 65) €150 Income less than €31,000 (individual) or €43,000 (joint). We start with this table where we summarize the autonomous communities where you will be able to deduct gym fees, as well as the deduction and the annual limit that you can deduct. This way, you will have everything clear at a glance. Gym deduction in the Valencian Community In the Valencian Community it is established a deduction of 30% of your fees related to expenses associated with practicing sports and healthy activities. The gym fee comes into this term. This deduction has a maximum limit of 150 euros per year in all cases. The deduction can be 50% if you are over 65 years old or have a disability greater than 33%, or 100% if you are over 75 years old or have a disability greater than 65%. It is also necessary that the sum of boxes 0500 and 0510 does not exceed 32,000 euros in individual taxation, or 48,000 euros in joint taxation. For the deduction, you must write the amount in box 1960 of your income tax return. You will have to indicate the gym’s NIF, a piece of information that will appear on the invoice, and the total amount you have paid throughout 2025. Gym deduction in La Rioja In La Rioja it is established a deduction of 30% of your fees related to the heading “to promote physical exercise and sports practice.” The gym fee comes into this term. The deduction can be 100% of the contribution if you are over 65 years old or have a disability greater than 33%. This deduction has a maximum limit of 300 euros per year In all cases, double that in the Valencia Community. Nor are economic requirements establishedso the deduction is for everyone. Gym deduction in Andalusia In Andalusia it is established a deduction of 15% of your fees membership or membership in gyms, sports centers, clubs and federations. It is the lowest percentage of the four communities, it allows you Also include the expenses of your spouse or common-law partner and those of your children or ascendants that give the right to the family minimum, as long as you have been the one who has paid those fees. This deduction has a maximum limit of 100 euros per year per taxpayer and does not require any minimum or maximum income requirement, so it is available to all tax residents in Andalusia regardless of their income. As in the rest of the communities, it is essential keep invoices of payments to the gym. Gym deduction in Murcia In the Region of Murcia it is established a deduction of 30% of your fees in expenses related to physical exercise and sports practice. In addition to the gym fee, it covers qualified personal trainers, yoga or Pilates classes, and sports federation fees. The deduction increases to 100% if you are over 65 years old. This deduction has a maximum limit of 150 euros per year. It has an income limit, since the sum of your general tax base and savings cannot exceed the 25,000 euros in individual taxation or the 40,000 euros in joint taxation. It is also essential to keep invoices for payments to the gym. In Xataka Basics | Income Guide 2025: calendar, previous steps and how to prepare for the 2026 declaration

the seven best apps for chat communities

Let’s tell you what they are the main alternatives to Discordso that if you want to change this platform you know which are the best destinations. In the middle of the debate about anonymity on the internet, Discord will begin to request the DNI to verify the age of users. Therefore, let’s look for alternatives focusing on those that are most privateoffering you open source and decentralized. Even so, there will also be some other private alternative for you to consider. Matrix Let’s start with a decentralized and open source alternative. That decentralized means believing that each group of people or community can create their own Discord on their own servers, something similar to what happens with MastodonPixelfed and other elements of the fediversebut with a Matrix protocol. Here, there is no central server that accumulates all the data, and identity verification methods depend on each server. Within each server there are different rooms, just like Discord, with emojis, reactions, search options, and even video conferences. Rocket.Chat This is an alternative more like Slack than Discord, although it is similar. It is open source and you can use it in two ways: hosting it on your own server or paying to use it on the servers of the company that develops it. Before it was fully compatible with Matrix to federate, but now it is looking for its own federation scheme. Otherwise, this tool supports end-to-end encryption, and since it is focused on the business world, administrators can review messages, something that may not be convenient if you are looking for privacy. As for options, you can make calls, share files, write private messages, everything you can do in Slack. Sloat Formerly known as Revolt, it is an open source alternative to Discord. You have all the options, plus others such as community votes to ban or expel members. It is very customizable and both secure and private. It has applications for computers and several in beta for mobile devices. The negative part is that it’s still a little greenso it may not be the best option for large teams. Pumble Not everything will be open source to promise maximum privacy and transparency. There are also good alternatives from private companies like Pumble. It will allow you to have group or personal chats, channels, discussion threads, and share files. There’s also voice and video calling, screen sharing, pretty much everything you could ask for. Of course, advanced functions such as those dedicated to meetings and videoconferences are paid only, and the amount is paid per user. elements An alternative to Discord created in Germany and compatible with Matrixthe communication protocol of the Matrix app. This application can be free to host on your own server or paid to pay for each user. Companies also have a self-hosted paid version. Zulip A mix of forum and chat platform, a duality that allows you to use it in real time when you want to chat or in a more relaxed way when you don’t. You can host it on your own serveralthough whether you opt for this or a Zulip-hosted option, if you want all the features you will have to pay. It is much more expensive than other alternativesso it is not available to many, although in exchange you have a large repertoire of functions. Another negative point is that it does not have native end-to-end encryption. signal And we’re going to finish with Signal. Is the best alternative to WhatsApp and Telegramand therefore also a good alternative for communities where you simply want to create a group where everyone can talk. Signal is built on privacyand although it does not have as many functions or the possibility of having a channel scheme to chat thematically, in the event that this is not necessary it is the best option you have. In Xataka Basics | Alternatives to WhatsApp: the best messaging applications if you want to change Meta for another

Why communities already vaccinate the entire population (and not just the elderly)

Every winter, history repeats itself in our country. Along with the drop in temperatures, the flu makes an appearance in our environmentcausing many people to start sniffling, coughing or having a fever. In general, in order to prevent the worst of this virus during the previous months, we are committed to carrying out vaccination campaigns for a part of the population, while the ‘unlucky’ rely on paracetamol and some slightly bad days. The epidemic. For a few days now, Spain has been officially in a flu epidemic due to the increase in cases in much of Spainwhich has led some communities to activate the recommendation to wear a mask in some locations. Everything to avoid, above all, continuing to spread the virus and not infect those most vulnerable people who can easily end up admitted to a hospital, putting strain on the health system. The problem this year is in the ‘variant K‘ of this virus for which we were not fully prepared with the vaccines available and neither were our immune systems. But luckily the weapons we have have a predictable effect to minimize their effects on the body. Vaccination system. Currently vaccination officially recommended to a specific population. One of these groups are the smallest in the house, because they are a group of people who act as vectors. This means that it can become infected, have a very long incubation and then barely show any symptoms. The problem is that they will be able to infect everyone around them, such as their parents or even elderly people such as grandparents, which is a serious problem, since they will manifest the disease aggressively. In this way, the strategy is to block this vector with the vaccination of children under six years of age, although not without being free of bioethical problems. On the other hand, there is vaccination for the elderly, health personnel or immunocompromisedwhere infection by this virus can lead to a very delicate state of health. Vaccination for all. Vaccinating a small part of the population is the strategy on the table right now, but more and more voices are pointing to the need to carry out mass vaccinations. As happened during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this way, the Spanish Association of Vaccinology (AEV) and the Vaccine Advisory Committee of the AEP defend this strategy due to the pure statistics that exist in our country. They point out that as long as vaccination coverage is not massive, the virus always finds “gaps” to circulate. If we only vaccinate grandparents, the virus circulates freely between children (the major transmitters) and young adults, mutating and staying strong until, inevitably, it jumps back to the vulnerable. The keys. As we have said before, the AEP has been insisting in universal childhood vaccination (from 6 to 59 months). Not only to protect the child, but because children are very efficient vectors, and they conclude that if the virus is stopped in daycares and schools, you indirectly protect the entire community. But there are more and more voices that point to the need for Those under 17 years of age should also fall within the technical criteria to receive this vaccine. But not only these, since international organizations such as the ECDC and the WHO have indicated that expand coverage to “broad segments of the population” (including cohabitants and active workers) is the only real way to contain the epidemic wave. The more vaccinated people there are at the beginning of the wave, the fewer “highways” the virus has to move. It is already being done. From public administrations we already see how vaccination is being recommended before the maximum peak of this epidemic arrives, which is expected just at Christmas, since that is when people can gather the most in a closed space. In this way, the Minister of Health herself, Mónica García, point for “the entire population to be vaccinated” without reference to the criteria established in the technical plans. And it is something that the autonomous communities are doing, opening the door to anyone who wants to be vaccinated by eliminating restrictions. Catalonia, for example, since December 1 It has been opened so that anyone who wants to be immunized can do so. For their part, Galicia and Castilla y León have implemented mass vaccination campaigns without prior appointment (“open doors”) during the weekends, making it easier for anyone passing by to receive the jab. yesThey have joined the strategy of “accelerating immunization” by eliminating the bureaucratic barriers of prior appointment. The underlying message of these policies is clear: if you have the arm and the will, we want you vaccinated now. The sooner the better. The experts in this case are quite clear because the vaccine does not ‘work’ at the time of inoculation. You have to wait a few weeks to generate optimal protection against the virus to reduce symptoms in the event that you contract the disease. Images | Mufid Majnun In Xataka | Bacteria have an ‘escape plan’ to survive the viruses that kill them, and it is key to defeating superbugs

It already affects nine autonomous communities

On November 7, the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition issued an alert after detecting listeria in the canned chopped sold by DIA and manufactured by the Cárnicas Serrano company. Now he just expanded it to six more products in a case that is beginning to become much more complicated than expected. First of all: What products are involved? Chopped can thin slices: Sliced ​​packaging 150 g from the brand “Nuestra Alacena (DIA)” | Lot number: 252771 with expiration date 11/18/25 Truffled turkey with pistachios: Sliced ​​packaging of the “Serrano” brand. | Batch number 252771 with expiration date 11/18/2025 Turkey mortadella with olives: Sliced ​​packaging from the La tabla brand (Aldi) | Lot numbers: 252761 with expiration date 11/17/2025 and 252771 with expiration date 11/18/2025 Turkey mortadella: Sliced ​​packaging from the “La tabla (Aldi)” brand. | Lot number: 252761 with expiration date 11/17/2025 and 252771 with expiration date 11/18/2025 Chopped turkey: Sliced ​​packaging of the brand “La tabla (Aldi)” | Lot number: 252761 with expiration date 11/17/2025 and 252771 with expiration date 11/18/2025 Maxi turkey: Sliced ​​packaging of the brand “La tabla (Aldi)” | Batch number: 252761 and 252763 with expiration date 11/17/2025. Maxi York: Sliced ​​packaging of the brand “La tabla (Aldi)” | Batch number and expiration date: 252761 and 252763 with expiration date 11/17/2025. What has happened? As I said, on November 7 (and through the Coordinated System for Rapid Information Exchange), the AESAN received a alert notification of the Junta de Andalucía regarding the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in a sliced ​​chop sold at DIA Supermarkets. At the same time that the product was withdrawn, the authorities traced the origin of the outbreak to Cárnicas Serrano, based in Paterna (Valencia). That is where they verified that the company (in addition to having its own brand) manufactured white label sausages. for several supermarkets. That’s why the case has escalated so quickly. According to the information availablethe distribution has been to the autonomous communities of Andalusia, Asturias, Cantabria, Castilla-La Mancha, Castilla y León, Extremadura, Community of Madrid, Basque Country and Valencian Community, yes ok “It is not ruled out that there may be redistributions to other communities autonomous”. What is listeriosis? Listeriosis is an infection caused by listeria monocytogenes. It is an ‘opportunistic’ disease that especially affects pregnant women, newborns, the elderly and, in general, people with a compromised immune system who have eaten contaminated food. Therefore, although generally It is considered a “mild illness” (similar, in many cases, to “gastroenteritis”) in these groups of people can cause quite serious conditions (septicemia or meningitis) and has mortality rates that are between 20 and 30%. The common problem is that people with invasive listeriosis usually develop symptoms between one and four weeks after eating contaminated food (there have been cases where symptoms begin to appear up to 70 days later). This often makes it difficult to identify contaminated food. During pregnancy it can cause a mild infection for the pregnant woman but be serious for the baby. The infection usually occurs due to food poisoning but in severe cases it reaches the blood or brain, causing septicemia, meningitis or encephalitis. Like other food infections, listeriosis can cause fever and diarrhea. How dangerous is the situation? It depends on the level of consumption that the contaminated product reaches. The AESAN recommends that people who have products affected by this alert at home refrain from consuming them. And that is the basic security measure. If you have consumed any of the products from the affected batches and present symptoms compatible with listeriosis (vomiting, diarrhea or fever), it is recommended to go quickly to a health center. Actually: no surprise. In 2019, when the great listeria outbreak in Sevillewas published a study on the epidemiological situation of the disease warned about the increase in hospitalizations. Between 1997 and 2015, there were 5,696 listeriosis-related hospitalizations in Spain. An incredibly high number considering that only a few serious cases require hospitalization. But perhaps the most problematic thing is not that, but the fact that the numbers have not stopped growing in those almost 20 years. In the 1990s, listeria outbreaks were linked to cold cuts, sausages, and other similar products. Today, outbreaks are linked to dairy products, fruits, vegetables and, perhaps related to the upward trend, convenience foods. Is it a trend? Yes, and a dangerous trend: the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) is clear that it is an emerging disease in Europe and that is underdiagnosed. The biggest problem with these infections is that it is not enough to keep the products refrigerated: in slightly contaminated foods, the listeria monocytogenes They can continue to multiply inside the refrigerator. In foods that do not need to be cooked, this is problematic and can only be solved by being especially scrupulous in production processes and food hygiene. In this sense, Zaida Herrador and her team (2019) concluded that, despite the progress, the growth of the disease indicates that “it is necessary to improve the surveillance of this disease in animals and humans” while continuing to improve its control and “the prevention of cases” (with advice to pregnant women and immunosuppressed people). Despite the interest that all this generated in 2019, the pandemic made the issue invisible and the consequences are visible. Image | AESAN In Xataka | Spain returns to a health alert for listeria: its challenge now is not to fall prey to alarmism

Work absenteeism in ITV workshops has skyrocketed in some autonomous communities. The solution: private detectives

The public company SITVAL, in charge of managing technical inspections of vehicles in the Valencian Community, has put out to tender a contract of 140,000 euros to hire detective agencies to investigate possible unjustified absences, incompatible activities or fraudulent situations among its staff. Just like inform from El Español, the measure seeks to tackle an absenteeism problem that has skyrocketed since the ITVs went under public management in February 2023. The underlying problem. Since Ximo Puig’s Government reverted service to the public sector, work absenteeism in Valencian stations has skyrocketed to between 16% and 18% on average, according to share the middle. The figure doubles the regional average for absenteeism in the community, which stands at 6.4%, and is well above the national 7%. The result is a collapsed service with waits exceeding eight weeks for heavy vehicles, according to the Valencian Federation of Transport and Logistics Entrepreneurs (FVET). What will the detectives do? The contract, published On October 27 on the Public Sector Contracting Platform, it commissioned the agencies to observe, monitor and prepare documentary and audiovisual reports on SITVAL personnel. Just like share El Español, detectives must collect truthful information about possible unjustified absences and, if necessary, appear before administrative or judicial bodies to ratify their reports. The contract is divided into three lots, one for each Valencian province, with an execution period of two years. It is not an isolated case. The Valencian Generalitat is not the first administration that uses private investigation services to control absenteeism in public ITVs. The Government of Andalusia launched a similar service in August of last year, divided into two lots for the western and eastern areas of the community. Consequences. The middle emphasize That the reversal of the service, which occurred three months before the 2023 regional elections, has generated an unexpected effect: the massive relocation of inspections. According to data Officially, in 2024 a total of 291,662 vehicles chose to pass the ITV in other autonomous communities such as Murcia, Castilla-La Mancha or Tarragona, which means less income compared to the 2,332,087 inspections that were carried out in 2022. Qresion in it transportation sector. The situation has led the Valencian Federation of Transport and Logistics Entrepreneurs (FVET) to announce the departure of its presidentCarlos Prades, from the board of directors of SITVAL at the end of October. “We pay more than in other communities for a less efficient, slower service that generates uncertainty,” denounced Prades, who added that “Valencian stations are no longer a real option for many companies.” The figures don’t add up. Puig’s Government justified the transition to public management arguing that it could generate up to 40 million euros per year in operating income for the Generalitat, compared to the 7 million euros paid by private concessionaires together. Although it seems that the forecasts have not taken into account the impact of absenteeism, the drop in inspections carried out or additional costs such as this investigation services contract. Cover image | FVET In Xataka | Yes, there is a way to check if the V-16 beacon is working correctly. And you are not going to alert the DGT or the emergencies about it.

The pocket of the Autonomous Communities

As half the world, Spain is going through a deep housing crisis in which there is only one group escaping its deadly trap, The heirs. In just five years, the average price of the square meter It has triggered more than 40% According to idealist data, and with this the collection of who receives a percentage of each second -hand sale is growing at a frantic rhythm. The great winners. The Autonomous Communities have two key taxes in regards to the sale of second -hand housing. They are the Tax on Patrimonial Transmissions (ITP) and the Tax of Documented Legal Acts (AJD). The first is the greatest, and communities They establish it between 6% and 11% (except the Balearic Islands, which reaches 13%). In a Spain in which they are sold 40,000 homes per month, The confidential It details how the collection of autonomies is shooting in the first five months of the year: they enter 25% more this year than in the same period of 2024. It is also explained with a growth of 20% of the sale in that same period. In absolute numbers, there are 300,000 operations, the highest figure from an indicated date: 2007, the bubble peak. Income at various speeds. The problem of access to housing is unequal throughout Spanish geography. So is the sale number and, therefore, the collection of autonomies. Madrid and Catalonia take just over 40% of the national collection, despite having 30% of the population. In both communities, ITP and AJD total 9.5% of total income. In the Balearic Islands, that figure is triggered at 22%, more than double the average. It is no accident that these three communities have their capitals in the top of the effort rate ranking. The one that grows the most since last year is La Rioja, with 425%, a fact that is explained by a poor figure in 2024. It is followed by Murcia, Asturias, Canary Islands and Cantabria. The ITP problem. The ITP is, in general, a tax that by default is not divided at the time of purchase. That is, you have to pay it TO TOCATEJA, It is often a huge amount that was not counted, after having to contribute a 20% of the value of housing To access a mortgage. The fractionation has requirements that depend on the autonomous community (as well as the Reductions), and it is not approved by default, but the buyers remain to be triggered for what the administration decides according to the figures and the characteristics of each sale. The aid ends up in the pocket of homemade and owners. For 60% of housing purchases, which are made No mortgagemade by investment funds or wealthy people, ITP may not be a problem, but it has a great effect on the figures to which young people have to save, which are The great losers of the crisisand that often continue to depend on Family aidwith devastating data for Spain. At the moment, the aid raised for rent and buy They only have two winners: homemade and owners who inflate even more prices. The autonomous communities go up to that income car while the nominal types remain fixed in full price escalation. There is only one Fast road to get free housing In Spain: be a doctor and want to work in Pinto. Image | Unspash (Joemi Brazier) In Xataka | A two -speed society: with housing for clouds, Spain had never won so much with rentals

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