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The big problem of green hydrogen is the dependence of fresh water. We have found the solution in the sewers

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In the great darking puzzle, Green hydrogen points ways to become one of the most important pieces. Has become one of the Great bets of the European Union For the Energy transitionbut although renewable energies such as solar or wind are used to produce it, it has a big problem: Consume a huge amount of fresh water. Some researchers want to stop this problem using something we produce in industrial quantities. Sewage. The water problem. Talking about clean energy implies looking at some initial point of the process to realize that there is still an ecological footprint. Electric cars do not emit, but make their batteries yesFor example. Something similar happens with green hydrogen. Solar or wind energy is which is used to perform the electrolysis process With which hydrogen is generated to use as a source of energy, but as we said, a lot of water is consumed, a resource that is increasingly scarce For millions of people. That is why we are investigating alternative ways to generate green hydrogen without those huge amounts of fresh water. For example, using seawaterbut there is a type of fresh water that had not been considered for the process and that has now entered the equation. Trash Treasury in wastewater. These waters contain a series of pollutants that, according to logic, would make it difficult to Electrolysis process. They have nickel, platinum, chromium and other metals that, until now, had to be extracted from water in an expensive purification process before using that water in electrolysis. However, a team from the School of Sciences of the Australian Rmit has found a way to take advantage of these metals to accelerate the production of green hydrogen. In electrolysis, electrodes are a key component because it is the one that facilitates the reaction that separates water in its base components: hydrogen and oxygen. To do this, an anode is used (where water breaks down releasing oxygen and electrons) and a cathode (protons earn electrons and form hydrogen molecules). In the anode and cathode metals such as nickel, platinum or iride are used as those found in wastewater, and what they have done from the RMIT is … take advantage of them. The invention. To do this, the electrode is manufactured with an absorbent carbon surface that attracts those metals present in wastewater, as if it were a magnet. When they “catch them”, form catalysts that conduct electricity and start that task of dividing water into its components. Nasir Mahmood is one of the researchers and, as we read in Miragenewsexplains the reaction as follows: “The catalyst accelerates a chemical reaction without consumed in the process, allowing metals to interact with other elements present in wastewater and enhancing the necessary electrochemical reactions to divide water into oxygen and hydrogen. And, beyond the theory, the team devised a device that managed They expose in ACSa stability of 95%. This pilot device, connected to a small solar plate, is the one you can see in the image that opens this article. And the waters look at everything … except purified water. Potential. Now, it is not as easy as taking the wastewater and using it directly. The team Confirm which used wastewater that had been subjected to some treatment to eliminate solid waste, organic matter and other nutrients. Not metals, yes. The water used for the experiment comes from agricultural waste, which opens another door to the circular economy of the materials. HE esteem that more than 80% of wastewater return to the planet without any treatment (although other sources They point at 50%), but if we started using a part to produce green hydrogen, we would be reducing that percentage, giving a breath to areas with drought problems and allowing to inject energy into those areas without affecting their Drinking water deposits. In developing countries it would have great potential. An upcoming step is to try more types of wastewater, since not all have the same amount of metals in their composition, and as professor Nicky Eshtiaghi, another of the authors of the study, comments, the plan now is to look for partners to climb technology and find commercial applications. Images | Rmit, Hightail Xataka | In Peru, a company has had an idea to take wind energy directly to your home: turbines as a lay way

Solving the big doubt about the most effective supplement to sleep better: magnesium or melatotine

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Melatonin is perhaps in the most popular supplement for people with mild or occasional problems to reconcile sleep. But it is not the only one. In recent years, magnesium has become another well -known alternative, a Nutritional supplement to which we also attribute the ability to lend a hand when we have a hard time. Choosing between one and the other is not simple, There is no higher alternative To the other. Both supplements have demonstrated some capacity to facilitate sleep but the way they do differs completely. This implies that each of these supplements can be more useful in certain contexts, while the other could help us in different situations. Understanding the differences between them can help us choose in a better informed way between one alternative. The Melatonin sometimes receives the nickname of “sleep hormone.” As its name suggests, it plays a central function in our Circadian rhythmthat is, our sleep cycle. This compound is synthesized by our own body in the pineal gland and is released at night, when our senses begin to perceive the disappearance of daylight. Its function is to transmit the message that the time has come to sleep. Melatonin supplements have the objective of making this hormone transmit their sleep message to the brain even when our body does not consider that it is time to synthesize it by itself. Despite his growing popularitywe may not have heard about magnesium as sleep -related nutrient. This element is central to the biochemical processes developed by hundreds of enzymes in our body. Among these processes is the synthesization of melatonin. This would be a way in which magnesium could help us fall asleep, but perhaps it is not the main one. According to Experts explain Medical newsthis element plays a key role in tasks such as muscle relaxation. Exercise against calcium (which we use in contraction), blocking its action channels and thus helping our muscles relax. In addition, magnesium is also linked to other neutraltansmiores, such as Aminobutiric gamma acid (GABA). In this context, magnesium regulates the signs of this neurotransmitter, which again translates into “calm and relaxation.” The usefulness of magnesium as it helps when sleeping It has been observed by Some studiesbut it should be noted that there are still many doubts about their real ability to achieve this goal: some experts warn of the existing limitations in scientific literature. This was pointed out for example a systematic review of literature and meta -analysis published in 2021 In the magazine BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies. Different ways, different uses Melatonin stands out in contexts in which our cycle of vigil and sleep is disrupted. An example is the Jet lag that we suffer when changing abruptly from spindle. Adjusting our sleep cycle to a new schedule can be difficult, depending on the magnitude of change and personal circumstances. The supplements can offer us the melatonin we need to sleep at night until our body can end up adjusting to change. Magnesium, meanwhile, stands out for its help to muscle and psychological relaxation. This can help improve sleep quality and reduce the impact of anxiety About our sleep cycles. What if I combine them? Combining supplements can be an option in certain cases. According to Some experts suggestmelatonin has an advantage when helping us with “adjustments” in the short term in sleep; while magnesium has a broader range of benefits. Many of the clinical trials that have investigated the effect of magnesium on our dream have been based on trials on which a combination of substances. Combination that generally included not only magnesium but also melatonin. This strengthens the idea that this combination has the ability to help us with our sleep problems, at the same time that is also one of the reasons that skeptical experts of the use of magnesium as a supplement use. After all, if we have only proven that it works in conjunction with other compounds, we have no forceful evidence of its solo use. The side effects of melatonin and magnesium supplements are mild, but like any drug, it is convenient to meet them when deciding on a treatment. Among the possible adverse effects more common from melatonin They meet the headache, dizziness, nausea and diurnal drowsiness; But there have also been cases of vivid or nightmare dreams, short -term depression, irritability, constipation or diarrhea, among others. The side effects of magnesium are also usually mild, although also Their contraindications should be considered. The adverse effects of this supplement usually appear when consumed in high doses and usually have a gastrointestinal character, including diarrhea, nausea or vomiting. In Xataka | I put myself in the hands of some “sleep headphones” in the hope of reconciling sleep. It has come out regular Image | Vladislav Musekov / Beelith USA

Ryanair workers have a good reason for passing passengers with too big suitcases: collect more

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When we approach the shipping doors, it is quite common that part of the airline team is responsible for looking sideways at passengers to see if We comply with the regulations of luggage and we do not carry excessively large bags in the cabin. In addition to because it is part of their work, Ryanair employees also have another motivation behind: collect more. The airline pay your employees 1.50 euros For each suitcase that detects that it does not meet the rules, a practice that the company’s own CEO itself, Michael O’Leary, not only defends, but even considers expanding. Why this happens. The Irish airline has confirmed that this economic incentive pays for its staff for catching passengers that carry luggage that exceeds the allowed dimensions. Those who catch can fall a sanction of up to 75 euros for billing it in the cellar. O’Leary justifies This policy as a way to “eliminate the scourge of passengers with excessive luggage.” The numbers that explain the business. Each employee can win up to 80 euros per month for this practice. Although it should be said that, according to the company, more than 99.9% of travelers comply with luggage standards. It should be said that the difference between what Ryanair pays to its employees for detecting a suitcase and what charges the passenger for sanction (up to 75 euros) is a considerable margin that contributes in part to the spectacular results that the airline has had. And is that Up to 820 million euros in the last quarter, shooting their shares 4.7% in the stock market after exceeding all forecasts. The growth of 7% in auxiliary income, where these luggage penalties are included, has been key next to the 21% rise in average rates up to 51 euros per ticket. Ryanair is not the only one. This practice makes employees at the boarding door also act as a kind of luggage guards. It is not for less, since if in addition to making passengers to comply with the regulations, they take a pinch, better than better. Todo esto teniendo en cuenta además que Ryanair anunció que would expand the dimensions of the permitted suitcases in cabin. Although the truth is that the practice is not exclusive to Ryanair: other airlines like Easyjet have also implemented similar schemes Through subcontracted companies such as Swissport, which pays 1.20 pounds for each pillada suitcase. The workers, who usually charge around 12 pounds per hour according to The Guardian, also face tense situations with passengers, since no one makes it funny to have to pay more just when you are going to ride on the plane. The context of the sector. Ryanair is now in a sweet moment, especially knowing that it has become the main airline in Spain by passengers with a growth of 20.6% this last quarter and maintains this country as its second most important market after Italy, with income of 772 million euros. The European Parliament Press so that airlines allow luggage in cabin and hand for free, but O’Leary predict that this proposal “will not prosper due to the lack of space in the airplanes.” According to its latest financial report, the airline operates with virtually 94% occupation flights, where approximately half of the passengers can carry two packages and the other half only one. And now what. Ryanair does not rule out increasing the incentives paid to its employees for detecting excess bulk, although O’Leary expects detections to decrease in the coming years as passengers adapt better to the standards. Meanwhile, the airline benefits from a European market with a limited capacity until 2030. “We will be at least five years old, until 2030, with the constrained offer,” Neil Sorahan accountfinancial director of the airline. This allows them to keep high rates and strict policies. For travelers, this means that we will have to take special care in the boarding gates, especially to comply with the regulations and not take an unpleasant surprise later. Cover image | Niels Baars and Anastasiia Nelen In Xataka | Ryanair’s new competition does not come from any European airline: it comes from India and has an ambitious plan

The big problem of marine wind is cables. Germany has a plan to avoid them

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In the middle of the North Sea, an anchored barge off the German coast does not transport merchandise produces fuel. It is not science fiction: it is the first floating floor that converts wind, seawater and air into energy for the future. Short. In the port of Bremerhaven, Germany floats a rare platform. At first glance it looks like another industrial barge, but in reality it is a floating laboratory that prepares for something unpublished: to manufacture synthetic fuels directly in the sea. More in depth. The project His name is PTX-Wind and is part of the national H2Mare initiative, focused on the production of clean energy on the high seas. It is promoted by the Institute of Technology of Karlsruhe (Kit), together with the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and the Technical University of Berlin. The installation has not yet left the port, but it is already ready for its next phase: operating in real conditions against Helgoland. The purpose of the kit with this test is clear: show that e-combustible in the high seas can be generated, without electricity or land infrastructure. No cables, network or land firm. One of the most striking things of this platform is that it is not connected to any electricity grid. It works totally autonomously, using only wind energy, seawater and the surrounding air. What you get from there transforms it into liquid fuels ready to use, without net emissions of CO₂. According to Professor Roland Dittmeyer, director of the Institute of Microprocess Engineering of the Kit and project coordinator, this installation not only seeks to demonstrate the technical viability of the system, but also learn to climb it for future large industrial platforms. The heart of the barge. Inside, this platform integrates several advanced technologies that, together, form a Power -to-X (PTX) chain (PTX). In other words, they convert renewable electricity into fuels or other chemicals. The giant laboratory has a first phase of Direct air capture (DAC)which extracts carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere. After that, desalination to transform seawater into water suitable for electrolysis. That water is divided into hydrogen and oxygen using electrolysis fed by wind energy. Finally, a synthesis is used Fischer-Tropsch to combine hydrogen with CO₂ and generate liquid hydrocarbons, also known as e-combustible. The entire system has been designed to operate in a modular, flexible and disconnected way of the electricity grid, adapting to the natural intermittency of the wind. This allows maintaining active production even in variable conditions, a key aspect for its replication at an industrial scale. First in your class? While there are other hydrogen production projects on land or offshore wind platforms, none until now had gathered all these pieces in a single floating and autonomous structure. According to Interesting Engineeringthis is the first plant that converts marine renewable energy into liquid fuel without depending on the mainland or electrical networks. The point is that not everything can plug. Today, many sectors already advance towards electrification: cars, heating, even some trains. But there are industries – as aviation, maritime transport or heavy chemistry – that still depend on liquid fuels with high energy density. The e-fuels, like those produced by this platform, They are a neutral alternative in carbon that could replace diesel or kerosene without the need to completely redesign airplanes or ships. And the best: they do not compete for agricultural lands nor consume fresh water. When operating directly in the sea, they take advantage of the wind potential and avoid costly terrestrial infrastructure. According to the Federal Ministry of Investigation of Germany (BMBF)also helps relieve pressure on local electrical networks. Not only diesel. Although for now the main objective is liquid fuels, the team behind PTX-Wind is also investigating other possible production routes, such as Synthetic methane (compatible with current gas networks), The green methanol (useful for maritime transport or chemical industry) and renewable ammonia (It works as a hydrogen bearer or as fertilizer without emissions). The sea as a new energy border. More than a prototype, the PTX-Wind platform represents a scalable and adaptable model for the production of fuels in the high seas. Its modular design would allow to replicate this technology in different coastal areas of the world, creating a distributed network of floating refineries of clean energy. At a time when climatic solutions are urgent and promises often stay on paper, this floating barge is a tangible example that innovation is already out there, literally floating in the sea. Image | Unspash and Kit Xataka | There is a place where Spain is losing a good part of the renewable electricity that generates: the Toledo-Ciudad Real-Granada axis

Some astronomers analyzed the “Big Bang sound.” Now they believe that the Earth is in a vacuum of 2,000 million light years

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Cosmology has a huge problem. It is known as hubble tension and suggests that the nearby universe is expanding faster than the distant and primitive universe He is telling us. Something does not fit. Now, a disturbing study offers a solution. The big problem of cosmology. Hubble tension is One of the biggest headaches of modern physics. On the one hand, we have the measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), the oldest light in the universe. When applying the standard cosmological model (LBDACDM), these observations show a 67.4 km/s/mpc hubble constant. On the other hand, when The expansion of the universe is measured Using nearby objects such as standard candles (a type of supernova), a significantly higher value is obtained: about 73 km/s/mpc. This difference, that the most recent data places in a tension of more than 5Sigma (a level that in particle physics is considered a discovery), refuses to disappear. A disturbing explanation. A new study Prepublished in Arxiv proposes a solution as elegant as depressing. That the discrepancy is not in our measurements, but in our location. According to Indranil Cosmologists Banik and Vasileios Kalaitzidis, we could be living in the center of a gigantic cosmic vacuum, a “bubble” of 2,000 million light years in diameter with a density 20% lower than the universal average. The test, they affirm, It is in the “Big Bang sound”. A local vacuum. The idea of the local vacuum is not new: it is known as the empty KBC (Keenan-Barger-Cowie, in honor of the astronomers who proposed the idea based on the galaxies count). If our galaxy, the Milky Way, were in a region with less matter than normal, the severity of the surrounding, densest areas, would “throw away” out. This effect, added to the general expansion of the universe, would cause nearby galaxies to move away from us faster than normal. “This would give the appearance of a faster local expansion rate,” explains Indranil Banik, of the New Research. The Hubble tension problem would thus become a local phenomenon, without the need to revolutionize the entire cosmological model. The sound of the Big Bang as proof. What the new study of Banik and Kalaitzidis contributes is a much more fundamental test based on barionic acoustic oscillations. Although we call them “the sound of the Big Bang”, they are not sound waves that we can hear. They are the traces that left the pressure waves that spread through the superdense plasma of the primitive universe. These waves were “frozen” about 380,000 years after the Big Bang and created A characteristic pattern in the distribution of matter. This pattern works as a cosmic rule of about 500 million light years in length, which astronomers use to measure the expansion of the universe to different eras. The results. The team analyzed 20 years of measurements and compared them with two scenarios: on the one hand, the homogeneous standard model, without emptiness; and on the other, the model that includes the empty KBC. The results, presented at the National Astronomy Meeting 2025 of the Astronomical Society Royal, are blunt. According to the statistical analysis of the study, the model with a local vacuum conforms to the data in a spectacularly better way. While the standard model has a 3.3sigma voltage with observations, vacuum models reduce it to only 1.1sigma –1.4sigma. Calmly. The researchers consider “demonstrated” that A vacuum model is about 100 million times more likely than a model without emptiness. However, it is a preliminary study, which has not yet gone through the pairs review. Previous studies set very strict limits to the existence of such an influential vacuum, concluding that it is not enough to explain the entire Hubble tension. They also propose early dark energy as a solution. But Banik’s work offers one of the strongest evidence to date that the Earth could be in a very lonely region of the universe. Image | Greg Rakozy (UNSPLASH) In Xataka | The James Webb and Hubble telescope coincide in the expansion of the universe. And physics fails to explain why

The artificial skin that feels heat and cuts is already real. It is the first big step for robots to look more like us

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Can a robotic hand like that of Optimus or that of 1x get to feel like ours? Researchers at the University of Cambridge and the University College London believe they have taken an important step in that direction. They have developed one Artificial skin Composed of a single flexible material, capable of detecting temperature, pressure, cuts and multiple simultaneous touches. All without rigid layers or sensors distributed inside. And the most promising, according to its creators, is that it can adapt to complex forms and promises a relatively simple manufacturing process: it is enough to melt it, pour it into a silicone mold, remove the internal positive and place it as a glove on a robotic structure, as shown in This demonstrative video. The nucleus of this technology is a driver hydrogel that, when combined with electric impedance (EIT) tomography, allows you to continuously register what happens on its surface. When a stimulus occurs – contract, heat or pressure – the fields are altered. The system detects not only the type of stimulus, but also its location and environmental conditions. All this is interpreted through automatic learning, with latencies that depend on the number of active channels, explain in the article published in Science Robotics. A soft membrane, millions of data The best example of the system is a robotic hand of real size, hollow inside, fully covered with this artificial skin. Instead of distributed sensors, use exclusively 32 electrodes placed on the wrist. This configuration was sufficient to extract more than 1.7 million information channels, derived from 863,040 different combinations. During the tests, the hand was exposed to different stimuli: a human finger, a thermal probe, the impact of a scalpel. In all cases it was able to distinguish the type of interaction and locate it with an average precision of about 25 millimeters above its entire surface. The interesting thing is that a sensor is not necessary for each type of stimulus. The membrane itself reacts differently depending on the intensity or nature of the contact, and it is the model of the one that identifies the most relevant signal between hundreds of thousands of possibilities. In addition to touch, this skin is able to monitor the environment. During a 100 -hour test, the system registered variations between 19 and 25 ° C and between 38 and 72% relative humidity, as details The official note of the University of Cambridge. All this with a design without rigid components, which facilitates its integration into Prosthesis, technical clothing, control surfaces or collaborative robots. Applications ranging from rehabilitation and remote exploration to the automobile sector. Of course, this development does not start from zero. In recent years we have seen other proposals that seek to endow robot sensitivity, such as This synthetic skin capable of replicating pain, This other that presumes to approach human skin as never beforeeither A capable of self -backing and recycling. What distinguishes the work of Cambridge and UCL is its radically simplified approach: a single flexible layer, without mechanical components, which centralizes all sensitivity and interprets it by software. Challenges remain in front: improve the resolution in areas far from the electrodes, reinforce the resistance of the long -term hydrogel. But paradigm shift seems to be underway. Everything indicates that it is a matter of time until we see robots not only more advanced in mobility and interaction, but also closer to us in appearance and physical sensitivity. An artificial skin like this opens the door to a new generation of machines that not only execute tasks, but also “feel” the surrounding environment. Even so, we are far from reaching the level of realism that proposes’Detroit: Become Human‘. Images | Cambridge University (1, 2, 3) | Quantic Dream In Xataka | Figure 02 has worked only for an hour. The shocking thing is that your brain already remembers and your hands “feel”

If Spain is hooked today to programs like ‘OT’ or ‘Big Brother’ is due to a single man: Toni Cruz

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Toni Cruz’s death last Friday at 78 serves us to radiograph the Current Cathodic Business Status. And above all, it is a reliable evidence that those who were architects of television as we know it are retiring or dying (that is, the one that the first years of the private ones were configured). Although for years it was not in front of the camera, its role has been key in some of the greatest successes of recent years. Great successes. Gestmusic launched, in collaboration with public and private channels, great success programs such as’Operation Triunfo‘,’Big Brother‘ either ‘Martian chronicles‘, being a cross essential part of the design and development of these programs. Little can be added to the founding importance of the three: our primeR talent showour first reality and an unclassifiable but very influential program that reached stratospheric audiences at an impossible schedule. The thing did not end there, and with the passage of time, Gestmusic was generating variants of these primal formats, with successes like ‘Rain of stars’, ‘Your face sounds to me’, ‘You do vouchers’, ‘Do not laugh that it is worse’ or ‘Look who dances!’ Cruz and Mainat ended up selling their part of Gestmusic to Endemol in 2017. The Baron of Bidet. For the general public, Toni Cruz became famous since the end of the sixties and even entered the eighties with the trench, in the company of Josep Maria Mainat and Miquel àngel Pasqual. With them he co -length several successful television programs, such as ‘No Passa Res’ (TV3) and ‘Tariro, Tariro’ (TVE), which led him to a large extent how television worked inside. The next step was clear. Gestmusic arrives. In 1987 the trench published its latest album (‘Marro!’) And created the producer Gestmusic. Its foundation coincided with the arrival of private televisions and the massification of regional and local, and their success catapulted when one of the trio members, Pasqual, left the producer due to health problems and sold its part of Gestmusic to one of the most powerful multinationals in the audiovisual world, the Dutch Endemolcreator of the original ‘Big Brother’ format. Two rode together. In a relatively short period of time, two very relevant proper names have disappeared from the national industry, perhaps those that have best defined the tone and style of mass television of the 21st century. Almost three years ago It was Paolo Vasile, who left his position as CEO of Mediaset. Without it we would not have had a format as influential as’Save me‘, in addition to giving green light to programs produced by Cruz himself, such as’ Big Brother’. Between the two agglutinate (one as creative force, another as necessary administrative work from the most successful channel dome for many years) the mass of headers with the greatest impact in Spain in recent decades. It is no longer just about the success of audience of programs such as ‘Operation Triunfo’ or ‘Big Brother’, but beyond the obvious (these two franchises continue to add editions today), their seal is still very present in current programs of great impact. The legacy. For example, one of the most successful programs today is ‘Your face sounds to me’, which has reached maximum of 25.1% quota: it is the nth variant of the ‘Operation Triunfo’ template (interpretation of pop standards, jury, skill), but with the template of “the contestants are famous”. A template that is lately devouring all competitions and realities… And that Gestmusic also invented with the very thunder and unclassifiable ‘Big Brother’ with Celebrities That was ‘Hotel Glam’. Martian chronicles follow. And not only that: the studied balance of dynamics of order and chaos of ‘Martian chronicles’ continues to be in more harmless formats, such as’El Hormiguero‘(He shares part of his production team with the Sardá program). And, of course, with all kinds of pink information programs, starting with ‘Save Me’, also essential to understand the current television formats. So far, so close. Gestmusic and Vasile gave some of the last chest that the industry has lived, taking into account that many of the current success formats are variations of ‘Big Brother’, ‘Operation Triunfo’. Television has always lived to cannibalize its own hits, so regardless of the issues about its future, what is very clear is that Cruz has been an essential part of understanding television in recent decades, and as we have reached what we have now. Header | RTVE – Gestmusic In Xataka | Thirty years later, there is still an unbeatable television format in Spain: desktop soap operas

China has resurrected the most crazy plane of the USSR. The Ekranoplano returns to life, and the big question is why

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In 2020 he went viral A video Through a drone that was recording images of a beach in the Caspian Sea. Suddenly, the clip showed one of the greatest fantasies of Soviet aviation: An ekranoplano Varado, a unique piece of the so -called Cold War as “marine monster” that never occurred in mass due to its costs (and benefits). Five years later, a nation has resurrected the idea of ​​the great hybrid between plane and ship: China. Emerging silhouette. Yes, because for the first time, they have emerged Complete images of the new soil effect vehicle (Wig) Chinese, an aircraft capable of flying at low altitude on aquatic surfaces using the so -called “air mattress efficiency.” The device was initially identified by the naval analyst Hi Suttonand its presence in the Bahai Sea, northwest of the Yellow Sea, has not gone unnoticed. In the first photographs, part of its structure remained hidden, but the new shots have revealed Your full silhouetteconfirming its configuration as a large ekranoplane with a hidravion helmet. Amazing design. Its development, unknown so far in the Chinese aeronautical inventory, keeps a certain resemblance to The AG600the amphibious hydroavion that China develops For rescue, refueling and logistics missions in the disputed sea of ​​southern China. The appearance of this vehicle feeds the growing global trend to revitalize the soil effect platforms, technology that, as we said at the beginning, the Soviet Union He thoroughly explored during The cold war but that never became popular outside its experimental margins. Between the shadow and the radar. The operational principle of these aircraft is simple and shocking: fly to a very low height On water it allows to take advantage of a dense layer of compressed air that increases support and reduces resistance. In addition, when staying below the terrestrial radar horizon, these vehicles are more difficult to detect and track. Unlike ships, they are not vulnerable to mines or submarines, and although they are not suitable for highly answered combat areas, they could effectively operate in coastal or semi-permissive scenarios. Its possible utility, let’s put the assumption of a war between China and the United States, would be significant, especially considering that China would fight in its own geographical environment immediate. The EkranoPlano would serve as a logistics platform to bring supplies to remote coastal areas, evacuate personnel or even fulfill anti -submarine war and limited maritime control functions, thanks to its ability to quickly insert itself into remote areas and return without the need for port infrastructure. Propulsion, design and doubts. One of the great unknowns posed by this new vehicle is its propulsion system. The available images, although of low resolution, show a kind of Large rear tobares that have raised speculations about whether it is an aircraft with reaction engines, with propellers not yet installed or, even, with an unpublished hybrid-electric system. The NACELLES They present air tickets at the top that could point towards a bimotor design With turboreactor propulsionbut the presence of possible axes or pointed structures on the front suggest that it could be equipped with great thrust propellers to install. Nothing is confirmed. The current versions of this device They could be prototypes Technological demonstration, subscales aimed at informing future developments, or operational models in a stealth test phase. The possibility of using latest generation composite materials to reduce weight, improve aerodynamics and decrease radar signature reinforces the hypothesis of a modern and highly specialized design. New mobility paradigm. Plus: The profile of the new Chinese EkranoPlano shows clear similarities with The Liberty Lifterthe great American project for a Heavy load wig. Both share a conception based on high efficiency platforms to operate on vast oceanic extensions without depending on aerodromes, tracks or ports. The Chinese apparatus presents a V -tail, a typical staging fuselage of hydroAvions, stabilizing floats at the ends of the wings and in the center of the helmet, and a large side door that makes it suitable for transport personnel or materials. Its nose, stylized and aerodynamically integrated, also suggests special attention to functional design. This set of characteristics reinforces the theory that China could be developing a versatile and tactical platform to operate in Coastal environments playedespecially in the context of a sea of ​​increasingly militarized southern China. What will come. The public appearance of Now called “Monster of the Bohai Sea”, as the first naval analysts have baptized it, opens the door to intensive monitoring by experts and Western agencies. As lighter images arise and possibly videos of their first tests in the open sea, the analysis will be refined and the evaluation of its potential will pass from the speculative to the doctrinal. For now, its single existence implies that China, like other powers, is seriously investing in asymmetric capacities that Challenge the limitations traditional logistics. This EkranoPlano is not yet a strategic threat by itself, but represents a clear symbol of Beijing’s technological and military ambition: fast, stealthy mobility, close to its coasts and out of the immediate reach of conventional western detection or deterrence tools. Image | Wikimedia Commons, x In Xataka | The EkranoPlano is the gigantic Russian plane that was designed to “float” on the sea and that precisely for that reason failed In Xataka | China has converted salmon breeding into a high seas into an engineering feat. This latest generation ship shows it

We have a big problem with AI agents: 70% of the time are wrong

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The AI agents They fail more than a fair shotgun. That’s at least what reveals A recent study of researchers from the Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) and the University of Duke. These experts have analyzed the behavior of several of them and put them to the test to check if this is a “much noise and few nuts.” AND At the moment it is. Inspiration. Graham Neubig, professor of CMU, explained In The Register how inspiration had been A 2023 article of OpenAi. It talked about what types of work could be replaced by AI systems, but as he said “his methodology was basically asking Chatgpt if those works could be automated.” In that study they wanted to verify it by asking various AI agents to try to complete tasks that theoretically carry out professionals of those works. In Xataka Everything begins by asking a thing to an AI. When the AI ​​is asked for others, chaos begins Theagentcompany. To carry out their study, the researchers created a fictitious company they called The Agent Company and they used it so that different agricultural models tried to complete various tasks. These systems should be able to use access to several services such as Gitlab, Owncloud or Rocketchat to carry out these works, but their performance was disappointing. 70% errors. The researchers used two trial environments called Openhands Codeact and Owl-Roleplay and in them they were testing the most important AI models today. The best of all of them is Claude Sonnet 4, which managed to solve 33.1% of the proposed tasks. Behind are Claude 3.7 Sonnet (30.9%), Gemini 2.5 Pro (30.3%) and, much further, disastrous GPT-4O (8.6%), call-3.1-405b (7.4%), QWEN-2.5-72B (5.7%) or Amazon Nova Pro V1.0 (1.7%). In the best case the models can complete 30% of the requested tasks, but they fail in 70%. Or what is the same: a lot of noise and few nuts according to these benchmarks. Unable agents. During these tests the researchers observed various types of failure in these tasks processes. Thus, there were agents refusing to send a message to colleagues who were part of the task, there were also agents unable to manage popup windows during navigation sessions, and even agents who cheated or cheated. In one of the cases, they highlighted, an agent who had to consult a person in Rocketchat (an alternative Open Source a Slack) did not find it, so “he changed the name to another user to give him the user with whom he had to contact.” But they are improving. Even with those problems, the evolution is being positive in the performance of these AI agents. Neubig and his team tested a software agent that was able to solve about 24% of the tasks involved web navigation, programming and some related tasks. Six months later they tested a new version and achieved 34% of completed tasks. {“Videid”: “X8HJ0VY”, “Autoplay”: False, “Title”: “Chatgpt: What you did not know what you could do | tricks”, “Tag”: “”, “Duration”: “790”} Imperfect but useful. Not only that: these researchers pointed out that even failing so much, AI agents can remain useful. In certain contexts, such as programming, a partial code suggestion with which to solve a certain fragment of a program can end up being the basis of a solution in which the developer can then work. Care where you use them. But of course, agents make so many mistakes can be a problem in scenarios more sensitive to these problems. Thus, if we commission an agent who writes Correos and sends them to incorrect people, the result could be a disaster. There are solutions in sight, such as the growing adoption of Model Context protocol (MCP) that facilitates the interaction between services and AI models so that communication is much more precise and these errors can be mitigated during the autonomous execution of tasks. A benchmark that makes the AI ​​models look bad. For this expert one of the great disappointments is that companies that develop AI models do not seem interested in using it as a metric to improve their developments. Neubig suspected that “perhaps it is too difficult and makes them look bad.” It is something similar to what happens With the benchmark arc -ag2: It is such a difficult test for the IAS that today The best of all models of which they try to overcome it is o3, which achieves – a 3% of completed tasks. In Salesforce they coincide. That previous study is complemented With another realized by a group of Salesforce researchers. They created their own benchmark specifically aimed at verifying how various AI models would be checked when controlling typical tasks in a CRM like those developed by the firm. His project, called Crmarena-Pro, tests those AI agents in areas such as the Sales or Support Department. In Xataka If the question is whether IA is already as good as human intelligence, the answer is: solves this puzzle To replace workers, nothing. In their conclusions, these researchers reveal how the AI ​​models “achieve globally modest success rates, typically around 58% in scenarios with a single shift (execution), but with the yield significantly degrading approximately 35% in multiturn scenarios.” In fact, they explained, “agents are not generally prepared or have the essential qualifications for complex tasks.” The risk of some experts, with A great impact of AI on various jobsit seems precipitated. A complicated future. To these discreet results, the prediction of the Gartner consultant is joined. According to your studiesmore than 40% of the development agents projects will end up being canceled at the end of 2027. The main person responsible for the report, Anushree Verma, indicated that “at present, most of the agricultural projects are experiments or tests of concept in the initial phase, mainly driven by advertising already often badly applied.” The message is clear: there are too many expectations in relation to AI agents, but the current state of technology shows that today its application is problematic and limited. Image … Read more

The big goal is to eliminate a Russian soldier who is not in the front

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In May it was revealed that war in Ukraine had become a kind of macabre video game. Kill, literally, gave points to kyiv’s soldiers and then redeem them for rewards in a “luck” of Military Amazon. That program converted each military action into a direct transaction, redefining the boundaries between combat, technology and war economy. The rewards system has just been updated, and everyone pursues the same goal. Strategic change. Actually, change has to do with something that We have been counting. The drone war In Ukraine he has experienced a decisive turn in his combat logic. Russian tanks, previously coveted as the whites of greater value, have lost prominence in favor of a new priority objective: drone operators enemies This transformation was formalized with a review in that Incentive system By points that rewards the Ukrainian units for each successful destruction, a system implemented since August 2024 to optimize attacks and stimulate efficiency in the use of non -manned aerial vehicles (UAV). The operator as white. Change, announced On June 12 by the commander of the Ukrainian Unmanned Systems Forces, the Major Robert “Magyar” Brovdiresponds to an urgent operational concern: the slow elimination of Russian infantry allowed Moscow to continue accumulating troops in the front. Consequently, the new values ​​assigned to whites reconfigure radically tactical priorities: Wounding a Russian drone pilot now grants 15 points, and eliminate it 25while the destruction of tanks has been relegated to a value of just eight points, in contrast to the 40 it granted before. Multiple rocket launch platforms, which could add up to 50 points, now are only worth 10. On the hunt for a soldier. The modification seeks to reorient attention to the systematic elimination of enemy personnel, especially of Russian UAV operators, considered critical nodes in the offensive capacity and recognition of Moscow. Brovdi clarified that this new system does not intend to dissuade pilots to attack armored columns or mechanized vehicles if they occur as valuable tactical objectives, but a new operational mentality is encouraged: the Elimination of the human factor Behind the machines. What Moscow says. The measure has had immediate resonance in the Russian military networks. Several pro -Russian analysts, such as Alexander Kharchenko, alerted about a clear change in tactical pressure exerted by Ukraine. Khanchenko wrote on his channel of Telegram Witnesses Bayraktar that “all efforts have been redirected to identify and destroy our UAV crews,” and recommended strengthening camouflage and constantly modifying positions. Other Russian analysts advised the operators to space and reduce the Minimum movementsuggesting that any unnecessary displacement compromises survival in an environment where the enemy has made its elimination a priority objective. War economy for points. It We count weeks ago. The points system not only has a symbolic or motivational value: it is also an access mechanism to concrete resources On the battlefield. The Ukrainian units that document their attacks with valid videos can redeem the accumulated points For military equipment through a Digital platform (described as a kind of “military Amazon”) that offers more than one thousand different articles, from batteries to satellite communication systems. In April, it was reported that this platform was fully operational. According to Brovdi, he deeds a typical squadron of three Russian drones operators would allow a unit to obtain enough points for Acquire 57 FPV drones new, which usually cost around 500 dollars each. This logic dystopian Accumulation by reward has proven to be a powerful logistics engine to keep Ukrainian forces in operation that depend in part on state resources, but also on civil contributions and collective financing campaigns. Real -time optimization. They remembered in Insider That currently about 507 Ukrainian units actively participate in this system, reporting monthly their scores. Brovdi announced that the leaders of the 12 units with the highest score will be regularly summoned Together with randomly selected representatives to form an approach group, whose objective will be to evaluate the effectiveness of the system, model combat scenarios and propose adjustments to the bonus scheme. The mechanism seeks not only to energize the design of incentives, but to integrate those who are in the front line into Tactical evolution of the war effort. The flexibility of the model and its continuous adjustment according to the direct feedback of the combatants seeks to keep it not only in force, but adapted to the vertiginous rhythm of a war where Innovationsurgical lethality and speed in decision -making have displaced conventional methods. Thus, the “hunting of operators”, more than a slogan, is now the axis of a war that redefines what it means to have fire power in the 21st century. Image | Lyckselle-Nord In Xataka | The war in Ukraine has become a video game. Kill gives points and rewards to exchange in a military Amazon In Xataka | Shahed drones were already a real nightmare for Ukraine. Russia has just made them a little more lethal

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