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74,000 years ago, a volcanic eruption led humanity to the edge of extinction. We begin to understand how we survive

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74,000 years ago, in a remote lake north of Sumatra, a volcano erupted. But it wasn’t a normal volcano. According to archaeologist Jayde N. Hiniak“The Toba expelled 2,800 cubic kilometers of ash to the stratosphere, created a crater of 1,000 soccer fields” and caused a global winter. That could take our species to the edge of extinction: for more than half a century, many anthropologists are convinced that it was that eruption (one of the greatest known eruptions) that reduced the human population to about 10,000 fertile couples. It would be the most critical moment of Homo Sapiens since it arose. It is true that the theory is controversial and the debate around the real climate change that the Toba created is still very alive; However, no one doubts that what happened that day in Sumatra was a huge catastrophe. And that can be seen in archaeological remains. As Hiniak pointed out“Most archaeological sites show a history of resistance.” In areas such as South Africa or the lowlands of Ethiopia these climatic changes led to the adoption of technological innovations such as the development of arches and arrows. In much closer places (such as Indonesia, India or China), the population also suffered deep changes that allowed him to survive. All this can be known because the Toba left many geological samples distributed throughout the world. Studying the deposits before and after the ash of the volcano gives a lot of information on how these societies changed socio-technologically. The flexibility was key. Regardless of what Toba will cause (or not) drastic reduction Of the population, what is clear is that it allows us to draw conclusions about what was the fundamental feature that explains the survival of human communities: behavioral flexibility. Something that allows Image | Tetiana Grypachevska In Xataka | When Newton reached the fundamental laws of physics there was already a sign that said “Leonardo was here”

Three years after the Fiasco del Metaverso, Zuckerberg has another burning nail for the goal: digital glasses

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Mark Zuckerberg believes that in 2030 we will not get the smartphone out of his pocket because We will do almost everything from the glasses. That is his particular new obsession, and he has all the meaning of the world because Meta is in a delicate position. And if one It is cornered In the future that does not control, better create one that can control. Glasses, glasses and more glasses. The presentation this week of the promising Goal Ray-Ban Display and his small sisters (Ray-Ban Meta (Gen 2) and Oakley Meta Vanguard) It is a clear message to the world. Zuckerberg He sees us all Taking glasses in the future, and the new options of their connected glasses are precisely aimed not only to make them more with them, but to get more and more forget about the device that has governed our life for two decades: the smartphone. An event to redraw the target of Meta. In the presentation event of the Zuckerberg glasses, he also confirmed that new silent transformation of his company, which first focused on social networks and then bet on everything to the Metaverso. Now the proposal is different and Zuckerberg made it clear in the event saying the following: “Our goal is to create glasses with an attractive design that offer personal superintelligence and a sense of presence through realistic holograms. The combination of these ideas is what we call” metaverso. “ Metaverso V2.0. Suddenly the metaverse now is different from that before. In that metaverso that seemed A bad copy of Wii Sports We have moved to another in which virtual reality is totally displaced. Four years ago, when Facebook changed its name by goal, there was not even talk of artificial intelligence as part of that platform. Now it is a fundamental part, logically. Metaverso 1.0 – who is careful, is still alive and Also losing money– It has remained In the background. Killing smartphone is going to be (very) difficult. Of course, we will need a device in which to be able to do all those things that Zuckerberg proposes, now the candidate is in many cases the mobile. If not as the center of experience, yes as an important element. Will the smartphone give prominence to the glasses or other hardware products? It seems difficultbut of course both goal and others – Hello, OpenAI+Jony Ive– They are willing to achieve that goal. It is normal: if they achieve it, they can control something they have ever managed to control: the hardware. But. If something has characterized Mark Zuckerberg it is his ease to change focus. After the success of Facebook later seemed to focus much more on WhatsApp Supervitaminar –Do you remember Libra?– Or Instagram. Then, of course, his obsession with metoverso would arrive, and more recently With superintelligence and AI glasses. If there is a new technological fever, the Facebook founder usually goes for it. What will be next? And it will have a lot of competition. It is not that Zuckeberg achieves that we use the glasses more than the phone: no one is going to let it do it alone. Google works tirelessly on Android XR and has already shown us that you will have products in this segment, and Apple also seems convinced that the shots will go here. Not to mention Amazon or – major words – of Chinese manufacturers. All of them are going to put it very difficult at the finish line, but one thing is true: if they manage to move the mobile focus on the glasses, there at least they will predictably have part of the cake. Image | Goal In Xataka | The new finish lines will allow to cross a line: seem present while you are completely absent

We have taken 60 years to discover that a key treatment against diabetes does not work as we thought

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The drugs may well be the substance that we study the most before getting the market: preclinical and clinical trials; experiments In vitroin animals and in people … everything to make sure the treatment is safe and works. But sometimes the question is another: because works. Because the answer can be so complex that we are late for decades to unravel it at all. Also in the brain. Something like that It has happened with metformina compound used for more than six decades in the treatment of diabetes: a new study has found that This drug It acts in our brain and not only in the liver as we believed before. The discovery opens the door to possible new therapeutic, more effective and precise pathways, in the treatment of diabetes. Rap1. The new study develops around Rap1 proteina protein that is usually found in the brain region known as ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH). As the team observed in its analysis, metformin acts in this region “turn off” the rap1 function. Modified mice. To check it, the team administered a high fat diet, with which they emulated the effects of type 2 diabetes, to modified mice so that they did not have the rap1 protein in their VMH. Then they administered several types of drugs against diabetes: metformin, insulin and GLP-1 agonists (peptide similar to glucagon 1). When this protein disappeared, metformin ceased to be effective in reducing blood sugar while the other treatments continued to work. The team performed another test to demonstrate the key role of the brain in the functioning of metformin. For this they inject small amounts of the drug diréctorly into the brains of mice with diabetes. They were able to observe that, in doing their blood sugar levels, they decreased, even with “thousands of times smaller” doses of which they are usually administered orally. Combined action. The new study suggests that the biochemical mechanisms with which metformin acts in our body are more complex than we thought. Until now we knew that the drug acted on the liver and we also had evidence that the intestines also act. Now we not only have evidence that it acts on the brain, but it seems that in this context it responds to smaller doses than is required to act in the other areas of the body. The details of the study have been published In an article In the magazine Science Advances. New treatments. The responsible team keeps the hope that the new discovery will contribute to the development of new treatments against diabetes, drugs that focus on this “path” of the brain. The effects of this drug go beyond the control of diabetes, the team recalls: it has also been linked to slower cerebral aging. Of course, it can also have adverse effects, although uncommon, one of the most serious is lactic acidosis, a serious and potentially deadly disease. In Xataka | This is the great hope of competition to replace Ozempic. Your weapon: banish needles with a pill Image | Sweet Life

We have been asking us for years for some refrigerators. Samsung has just found utility: put ads

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2016 ran when we were amazed at The huge screen Samsung had integrated into one of his refrigerators. Since then, they have become a classic in the highest range refrigerators than Sometimes they cost thousands of euros. On the screen we can see time, receive notifications, see recipes, see the content of the refrigerator and now also see ads. Neverera ads. It has happened in the United States. Some refrigerator users of the Family Hub range have received an unexpected update. The news came first through This user in Reddit that attached an image with the update screen where it indicates the novelties it includes. He says: “To improve our service and offer additional content to users, advertisements on the home screen will be displayed.” At the moment they have not transcended images of how those ads are. A pilot program. In a statement sent to Android AuthoritySamsung has confirmed that it is a pilot program for some refrigerators of the Family Hub range in the United States, with which they will show ads when the screen is inactive. This is the full statement: Samsung is committed to innovation and improving the value for our appliance customers every day. As part of our continuous efforts to strengthen that value, we are carrying out a pilot program to offer promotions and announcements selected in certain Samsung Family Hub refrigerator models in the US market. As part of this pilot program, the Family Hub refrigerators of the US will receive a software update through the network (OTN) with the terms of service (T&C) and the privacy notice (PN). Advertising will appear on certain cover screens of Family Hub. The cover screen appears when the Family Hub screen is inactive. The announcement design format can change depending on the family customization options for the deck screen, and advertising will not appear when the cover screen shows the ART or photo albums mode. The ads can be discarded on the deck screens where they are shown, which means that the specific ads will not appear during the campaign period. Screens everywhere. In April, Samsung announced his new range of bispoke ai appliances, All with touch screens. In The Verge They asked the R&D person if Your initiative “screens everywhere” It would end up translating in “ads everywhere.” Samsung said he was not in his plans, but this movement with his refrigerators seems to indicate that the plans have changed, at least in the United States. Calm. As we said, for the moment it is a pilot program aimed at a few users in the United States. In addition, according to the statement, this option could easily be deactivated if we put the ‘art mode’ or photo albums when the screen is inactive. We have asked Samsung if there are plans to bring advertisements to appliances in Spain and we will update this text when we have an answer. Image | Samsung In Xataka | DREame no longer wants to be the brand of vacuum cleaners. Your order to conquer the home: washing machines, refrigerators and even furnaces

3,200 years ago Egypt could not pay his artisans. So he found something unexpected: the first work strike

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In the Egypt of the twelfth century AC, the reign of the Great Ramses III, one would expect to meet many things: portentous tombs, pyramids, rich hieroglyphs and farmers pending the rise of the Nile to guarantee the prosperity of their crops. Images that fit well in the idea we have of ancient Egypt. If we look at the Deir el-medina From the year 1157 AC, a town of artisans located near the Valley of the Queens, we would nevertheless see something that seems to adjust less to that period: workers promoting a work strike. And not anyone, The first of history. In a remote place in Egypt … Set Maat (better known as Deir el-medinahis Arab name) was a prosperous populated with workers and artisans founded by Pharaoh Tutmosis i. It was located in a privileged place, near the Valley of the Queens and that of the Kings, in front of what is now the city of Luxor. At first The settlement It had just a few dozen houses surrounded by a wall, but it grew and gain relevance. There, in their adobe houses, the workers and artisans lived who at first had An idea: Change the pyramids and mastied for a more protected sepulcher, excavated in the mountain itself. Unexpected protagonist. Deir El-Medina could have gone down simply because of that, forever linked to the name of the pharaoh Tutmosis I, if it were not because in the mid-twelfth century AC it became an unexpected protagonist of one of the most relevant episodes of the world’s work chronicle. The reason? A good day of 1157 AC (Up, downstairs) those same operators who dwelt in their adobe homes and dedicated themselves to shaping the real graves decided to plant. And in doing so they promoted the first work strike in history, a title that today He recognizes him Guinness World Records. Where the hell is my salary? The artisans and workers of Egypt from 3,200 years ago were different from today’s workers. His motivations, no. What ended the patience of Deir El-Medina operators was the delay in the collection of their salaries, which they perceived In speciessuch as grain, cereals, dry fish, beer, vegetables or even The usufruct of certain cultivable plots. As remember The green compassWe know that the workers began to protest when they had more than a week of collection delay. At 20 days the thing worsened and well entered the second month of delays the artisans decided to leave their tools and plant themselves. The problems however were not punctual. They crawled over several years. AMENENKAHT tracks. If we know what happened in that corner of Egypt 3,200 years ago it is largely thanks to a scribe called Amenenkaht, who was in charge of taking good note of everything to inform when vizier. For him we know that the strike arose during the reign of Ramses III, who took the reins of the kingdom approximately between 1186 AC and 1155 AC it is believed that the problems with the workers of Deir el-Medina began Towards 1159 AC And they were dragging, without solution, until “the payment system of the workers of the necropolis collapsed completely”, Comment Egyptologist Toby Wilkinson. “Year 20, second month of the flood, day 10. Today the work squad crossed the walls of the necropolis (the control post) shouting: ‘We are hungry!’ 18 days of this month go that (men) sit behind the funeral temple of Tutmosis III “, The scribe said in a document that is known today as the strike papyrus. It even echoes the bitter complaints of the artisans of the town: “If we have reached this point it is because of hunger and thirst; there are no clothes, there are no ointments, there is no fish, there are no vegetables …” And what did they do? They said enough. They refused to wait more for a payment that was delayed and went to the city to the shout of “We are hungry!”making clear their demands in the temple of Ramses III and in the vicinity of Tutmosis III, where they came to camp. They even went to the Central Gray Warehouse of Thebes and blocked the accesses to the Valley of the Kings, which complicated that the priests and family made the offerings to the dead. In a long pull and loosen they managed to pay back payments and everything indicates, slide Worldhistorythat in the end both parties reached an agreement so that the workers could collect their salaries as agreed. Why is it important? The first reason is the historical relevance of protests. It is not crazy To think that before, in Egypt or even Mesopotamia, similar situations had been lived. And there is Who thinks that the first real strike was lived centuries later, in 494 AC, in Rome, with the Secessio plebis. The truth, however, is that the mobilization of the artisans and workers of Deir El-Medina was officially considered the first documented work strike to date. So figure In fact on the pages of Guinness World Records. Beyond that ‘title’ the episode is relevant for its impact and Egypt. As Remember Joshua J. Mark In World History, in ancient Egypt there was a basic concept called ma´atthe individual, social and universal balance that deposited in the pharaoh a series of responsibilities, including the well -being of the population, the security of the borders and the fulfillment of religious rites. Ramses III highlighted in the second, but his reign was marked by economic turbulence that complicated the payment to artisans. With this he found a peculiar situation: protests before which the authorities did not know very well how to react and that, in a way, “violated the principle of Ma´at.” A milestone that today highlights Deir el-Medina in history books. Images | Wikipedia 1, 2 and 3 In Xataka | The hieroglyphs of ancient Egypt have always fascinated archaeologists. They just missed a key track to understand them

It has rained so much in Spain during 2025 that we are going to have the worst citrus harvest of the last 16 years

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The Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food has just published the capacity of citrus of this year. At first glance, the data are devastating: it is estimated that Spanish farmers They will produce 5.44 million tons of citrus fruits. That is 10.7% less than last campaign and 14.2% less than the last five campaigns. We talk about the worst campaign in 16 years. The only positive thing about this data is that they are better that those who were giving the producers themselves. A world giant … in back. Do not forget that, for the Spanish economy, citrus fruits are not one more product. Not only is the sixth citrus producer of the world; It is that almost 25% of global exports leave here and, in fact, more than half of national production is used for sale in foreign markets. Every year, the country sells the equivalent of 3.6 billion euros throughout the country. With this in mind, the fall in production could be seen as a lousy news and, nevertheless, the Spanish field is at a point where (without despising its pernicious effects) it can be the best that has happened to it. As? As it sounds. The best example is lemon, according to ministry estimates, lemon production would fall to about 866,657 tons. That is, 14.7% less than the previous year: 149,400 tons less. It seems a lot, but we take into account that, According to COAGlast year they were discarded around 400,000 tons. The figure does not seem so big. In the end, in just eight years, Spain has gone from having 36,000 hectares dedicated to the cultivation of lemon to 53,000. The lemon went from being “the chicken of the golden eggs” from the Spanish field to a trap that has forced many producers to start tear out trees. However, that is not the reason for the fall. According to the mapthe main factors behind this setback are the excessive spring rain (which coincided with flowering and contributed to their rot), high temperatures during citrus development and a series of hail episodes in producing areas. Where does Spanish agriculture go? Be that as it may, this adjustment of oranges and lemons can help to clean up a sector that has a long time. The question, however, is what damage will cause that sanitation and which parts of the sector will take ahead. As with other agricultural products (such as The Canary Islands banana or the traditional olive grove) the succession of bad years has led the producers to the edge of the abyss and all the alternatives are bad. Image | Jesus Ginter | Noele Cooper Image | From the fever to the crisis of lemon: why in Spain there are 400 million kilos of fruit that nobody wants to collect

Ford had 20,000 workers in the Colonia factory. Ten years later they are 7,600 because their electric cars are not bought

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Three years ago, Ford presented its short and medium -term road map for Europe. Then they announced seven new completely electric modelsof which they were commercial vehicles. Of the other three, only one was a Ford. And, in fact, it has ended up becoming the electric variant of a combustion car. We talk about Ford Pumaan electric car in which they have had to juggle to put an electric motor train. A car limited to the city because platform restrictions Combustion barely leave space for a 43 kWh battery. With its more than 34,000 euros of departure, it has become a difficult car taking into account that it moves on the highway between 200 and the 250 real kilometers of autonomy. The other two, as we said, are not Ford cars. The Ford Explorer and Ford Capri They are electric cars mounted on the Volkswagen platform. In both cases we have stressed that, dynamically, cars have a slightly more interesting tuning than that of the Germans, with more hard suspensions and a slightly more direct direction. However, if you mount one and another it is easy to verify that both models are mounted on the Volkswagen MEB platform. That is disguised with the vertical displaceable screen in depth and a speaker arranged as if it were a sound bar. But that’s it. The interface of a good part of the menus is Purely Volkswagen And, specifically, it is evident that it is a hardware and software mounted on the MEB platform. And that is bad news. For your touch controls or for your usability decisions. And they are also bad news for Ford. So much that it will fire a thousand German employees because their electric cars are not buying. The results of a failed strategy A thousand employees. That is the number that Ford will say goodbye to its neighborhood plant (Germany). They argue that “in Europe, the demand for electric cars is still well below the forecasts of the sector” and that, therefore, the plant will pass to a single shift in 2026, reducing its productive capacity, in words collected by Motorpasion. They explain in the middle that so far this year, Ford has sold 19,000 Ford Explorer units and Capri is still below. In fact, you have to go down to the fourteenth place between best -selling electric cars in Europe in the first half of the year to find the Americans. Cupra, Byd or Peugeot were above them. We could talk about bad results but Ford invested 1,000 million euros in Colonia to modernize the plant and get its electric cars out of there. With a productive capacity of 250,000 vehicles per year, the factory works at half a gas. Nor is it a good time to receive this news since The company is losing money this year and suffering with American tariffs. So much so that last year he earned 1.8 billion dollars and this year plays in red numbers. The result is also the consequence of a risky strategy: to offer two clearly differentiated products. In October 2024, Jim Farley, his CEO, said that the company was “leaving the market of boring cars to enter the market of iconic cars” to the magazine Car. The statements They coincided over time with the abandonment of classic vehicles in the European market such as party, Mondeo or Focus. And it continued: “We are good making a quick car (about Ford and the bronco sub -jack) and authentic SUVs. Look at the Raptor, we brought it from Mexican competitions and turned it into a car that can be used in the street. It is a great example of where I think our passenger cars should go (…) We can face Porsche with the Mustang, it is the best -selling sports coupe in the world. and be stronger and stronger “ In those words, Ford’s strategy was hidden. European emission regulations They aimed at 2025 of Milmillonarias fines. Finally, the sanctions were delayed to 2027 but, if applied, Ford needs to sell many more electric and few cars like the ones Farley mentioned since they exceed the maximum proposed emissions of 93 gr/km of CO2. The answer was the hug to the Volkswagen MEB platform. This has been criticized harshly by critics and the public. In their eagerness to reduce costs, decisions have been made as a profusion of tactile controls They bother in place of adding. And cars have not highlighted precisely for good autonomy or a groundbreaking price. But, in return, Ford has obtained two electric cars in the market with a minimum investment. The risk is almost limited to the modernization of the colony plant. So, There are two clearly differentiated business lines In Ford: Cheap cars (developed on the work of others) and expensive and representative cars that do not even refer to Ford. It is no accident that the Mustang, Bronco or Raptor have lost the Ford logo on their front. They are, in themselves, as families that work almost independently. The problem is that the public has not bought Ford’s bet. The Ford Explorer or Capri are not bad electric cars but you have to assume the youth errors of the MEB platform paid, in addition, at a high price. In what we have been, in Spain, 649 units have been bought between the sum of these two models. 649 units of the almost 21,000 registrations that Ford is registered at the end of August. The damage is especially bleeding in more powerful markets. In Germany, Volkswagen has managed to overcome with the ID.3a car that seemed dead but is the best selling in the electricity market. He is followed ID.7which also uses the MEB platform. The Volkswagen ID.4 and ID.5 They are positioned in the fourth position (add up to the same bag because ID.5 is only the Coupé variant of ID.4). You have to go down to the twelfth position to find the Ford Explorer. Capri is not among … Read more

We have been discussing the change of time for years and we have managed to be in exactly the same place where we were

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Almost every year for almost 20, Someone has taken To the United States Congress the idea of ​​ending the change of time. In Europe, We have spent hours and hours engaged in the discussion of what to do with him. Many countries, in fact, They have sent it to the history drawer (Others, on the other hand, They have recovered it again). I am still surprising that such a simple thing can unleash such great passions. Passions and, above all, reasons. Because there are hundreds of researchers trying to understand which time policy is better. That is why we talk about it again: because the Internet has filled with holders that ensure that “a study reveals that the change of time contributes to thousands of brain infarctions.” It’s true? What do we really know about the subject? How can the time change affect our health? The body has an internal clock of (approximately) 24 hours that helps regulate our physical and mental functioning. And not, It is not a way of speaking: As is in charge of innumerable physiological processes, the time we eat depends on that clock, to which we sleep, it even determines when we go to the bathroom. Ignore your permanent tick can cause discomfort or even a certain moment, serious diseases. Is What we call circadian rhythm. With this in mind, during this century, scientists have suspected that the hourly change should have some impact on those rhythms and, moreover, on health. The problem is that one thing is to intuit that impact and a different one is to be able to prove it. And what has this last study done? Stanford Medicine researchers They have compared how they affected circadian rhythms and general health in different different time policies (the winter schedule, summer and schedule with biannual change). To do this, based on the local exit and sunset hours, they analyzed the real exposure to the light under each time policy, the circadian impacts and the socio -health characteristics of each American county. It is not easy and has a high statistical component (and, in some segments, speculative), but it is an interesting exercise What have you discovered? In general terms, The team found that “maintaining the standard schedule or summer schedule is definitely better than changing twice a year.” According to their data, the winter schedule “would avoid about 300,000 cases of stroke per year and reduce obesity in 2.6 million people.” The summer schedule, meanwhile, “permanent would achieve approximately two thirds of the same effect.” And why would it happen? “When there is light in the morning, the circadian cycle is accelerated. When there is light in the afternoon, it slows down … explained Jamie ZeitzerProfessor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at the University of Standford. “The more light exposure is received at inappropriate times, the weaker the circadian clock is. All these factors that influence the life cycle – for example, the immune system and energy – do not synchronize so well,” He continued. The question we must ask ourselves, according to these researchers, is what time policy helps to better adjust circadian rhythms. And the answer, at least for the US set, is that most people would support a lower circadian mismatch with the winter schedule. Does that mean that winter schedule is better? Actually, no. It is possible that it is the most complete study to date, but (As the researchers themselves recognize) There are many factors that researchers did not take into account and that, by itself, can reduce gain very substantively. But even giving the methodology good and accepting that citizens behave as researchers suppose, we would have to reproduce the analysis in Spain (or our reference countries) to know what the final result would be. After all, The countries that change the time are a minority And it makes sense to think that there are scenarios in which the time change could help reduce that circadian mismatch. One of the problems of countries as large as the US (or realities as diverse as EU) is that making joint decisions is difficult. And then? I’m afraid that we are a little better than before, but almost in the same place: we still have no remotely if it is good or bad, and that we attribute more and more things. Image | Sonja Langford | NCI In Xataka | The “Spanish Ornitorrinco” exists and is on the verge of extinction: the very rare animal that only lives in the Peninsula

Venezuela’s biggest problem is not narcolanchas. Is that the US has reopened Roosevelt Roads after 20 years closed

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The United States has carried out A second attack Against an alleged vessel of Venezuelan drug traffickers in the Caribbean, ordered by Trump, who assured that it was “narcoterrorist” and spread, againan aerial video of the impact that three dead would have left. The problem is that it has not been possible to verify that the boat belonged to a poster or to transport drugs. Actually, the most worrying thing for Venezuela is kilometers from the nation. Second attack. As We countat the beginning of the month there was another attack against a “drug ship” attributed to the Aragua train leaving 11 deathsin a context of American naval reinforcement in the area with eight ships (including destroyers, a cruise, an amphibious assault ship and a nuclear submarine) and a hard line expressed by Marco Rubio of “fly” suspicious vessels. For its part, Nicolás Maduro He has denounced The last attack as an “aggression” in international waters and a pretext to force a regime change, stating that communications with Washington are broken except for migrant repatriation efforts, and rejecting the accusations To lead the “Los Soles poster”, although the United States raised to 50 million dollars the reward for information that leads to its capture. An operational piece. Time will say what is the scope of Washington’s plans, but a track is offered by the old Naval Station Roosevelt Roadsclosed in 2004 and largely delivered to the Government of Puerto Rico. The reason? USA He has reopened it as a node of operations for the campaign against drug trafficking in the Caribbean and to sustain pressure on Maduro’s Venezuelan regime. The arrival of F-35B furtive fightersadded to load flights C-5 Galaxy and C-17 Globemaster IIIas well as the presence of MV-22 Osprey and helicopters CH-53K of the IWO Jima Amphibious Readiness Group and the 22nd Marine Expeditionary Unit, has converted the current José Aponte de la Torre airport, into CEIBA, into a activity center growing. Air Force personnel have reactivated the operability of the control tower, while grounding equipment They load and download Material to support imminent operations, recovering the logistics pulse of an installation that for years seemed definitely numb. A “city-base.” With a gigantic surface at the eastern end of the main island, Roosevelt Roads combines a track of more than 3 km Able to host practically all the American air inventory with a deep water port suitable for surface ships and submarines, a binomial that singular it in the Caribbean arch. That Air-Mar duality It returns to place it as a support point for regional scope maneuvers and as a fast deployment platform, functions that the installation already performed for decades, now reissued in a context of transnational crime, maritime surveillance and need for expeditionary mobility. Ohio Uss Maryland class ballistic missile submarine at the Roosevelt Roads Naval Station, 1997 Growth in the Cold War. They remembered Twz analysts that the idea of ​​placing a large base in East Puerto Rico He was born in 1919when Franklin Delano Roosevelt, then Undersecretary of the Navy, explored the area and tried it strategic for the Caribbean control. Inaugurated in 1943 And baptized in his honor, the base was conceived as cornerstone of the regional defense, with protected anchoring, a major aerodrome and industrial capabilities capable of sustaining a good part of the Atlantic fleet in war conditions. Reorient as Naval Station in 1957his footprint expanded during the Cold War before the perception of Cuba as a threat aligned with the USSR, becoming a large support center for the sixth fleet and hosting the Naval Communications Station of Puerto Rico after attacks that damaged equipment in another location. Over time, the “city-base” came to add More than one hundred miles of interior roads already support operations that go from the Dominican Republic and Haiti to Granada and Panama, a reflection of their centrality in the American military architecture of the hemisphere. Aerial view of the base Slope. Roosevelt Roads’s operational link with Vieques’ shooting polygon marked his reason for being For six decadesbut also fed a social answer sustained by civil victims and environmental damage. He End of bombing In 2003 emptied its main mission and, in full strategic turn after 11-S towards campaigns in the Middle East and Central Asia, the base entered the BRAC closing process. The Marina transferred thousands of homes, schools, profits and a hospital to the government of Puerto Rico, a decision held by those who rejected militarization, but opened An economic hole of great draft in the CEIBA region and adjacent municipalities. Operational reactivation. Despite the formal closure, Roosevelt Roads never disappeared completely from the functional map: in 2017 It served as a platform For the help effort after Hurricane Maria, demonstrating the usefulness of its infrastructure integrated in emergency situations. On August 31, the Large scale return of the Navy to support the training and operations of the 22nd Meu visibly reactivated its logistics chain, its air traffic and its role as a “link” of a reinforced anti -drug architecture, with multiplier effects on other facilities of the island that operate in tandem. The debate in Puerto Rico. While a defense official rules out, for now, permanent reopening, the drive grows on the island to return to Roosevelt Roads A stable status. Senate resolution 286, driven by senators Nitza Morán Trinidad and Carmelo Ríos Santiago, proposes to audit the state of the old base and study its eventual reallocation for security purposes National under the army. The argument is based on A double promise: contribute to the defense of the Caribbean and the Americas and, at the same time, reactivate an economic engine that for decades irrigated employment, services and investment in CEIBA and surroundings. The memory of the social costs associated with Vieques lives today with the evidence that the installation, properly fit into concrete missions and with strict environmental minimums, can generate regional activity and resilience. Possible scenarios. Without a defined temporal horizon (or “official”) for the Caribbean Operation of Washingtonthe … Read more

The digital detox has been fashionable for years. It’s time to start talking like what is: a myth

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Social networks have helped us in many aspects of our life, allowing us for example to strengthen some social relationships, or taking a way to express our creativity. But all this has come with a price to pay. A cost that has noticed our mental health, which has led many to try with a time to “digital detoxification.” The problem is that it may not be too useful strategy. Not so effective. Withdraw a time from social networks It is not an effective “disconnection strategy”according to a meta -analysis carried out by a Belgian team of researchers from the universities of Antwerp and Gante, at least if we are looking to improve Our well -being. The good news: at least we do not have indications that disconnection does us badly. “The findings (…) suggest that temporarily separating ourselves from social networks may not be the approximation (…) optimal to improve individual well -being,” Write the teamwhich also points out in his study the need to continue research on alternative disconnection strategies. Ten studies. The new work is a meta -analysis, that is, a “quantitative study of studies.” The team conducted a systematic search for scientific literature that addressed the relationship between social media abstinence and one or more than three variables: positive and negative affections, and vital satisfaction. They found 10 quantitative works with a total sample of 4,674 participants. The analysis showed no significant effects of refraining from social networks in any of the three variables studied. The team also did not find indications that the duration of the period of “Digital detoxification“It will be relevant. The details of the study were published In an article In the magazine Scientific Reports. Need to investigate more. The team emphasizes the need to advance in research on this issue. According to the team itself, the study presents one of the usual problems in the meta -analysis, and is the diversity in the methodologies followed by the works included in it. A radical change. Social networks have remarkably changed how we interact with technology, for better and for worse. The problems that this poses have appeared so suddenly that our ability to adapt, to look for solutions with which to repair the possible damage has exceeded in many contexts. In Xataka | How to recover the concentration that social networks and multitars have taken us Image | Xataka with Gemini

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