studying

“studying humanities will be more important than ever”

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When a student finds himself at the doors of the PAU (University Access Test) and considers what studies to start If you want to dedicate yourself to the development of AI, you will likely opt for computer engineering or a STEM career. In a way it would be the right decision and proof of this is the high job placement rates that, year after year, mark technical engineering. However, according to Daniela Amodei, co-founder and president of Anthropic, the humanities are the key to future of work with AI. To program Claude is already there. Less machine, more human. In a recent interview granted to ABC NewsDaniela Amodei, a graduate in Literature from the University of California in Santa Cruz and sister of the co-founder of Anthropic, Dario Amodei, argues that “studying the humanities is going to be more important than ever.” His argument is based on the same discourse that other AI executives such as Jensen Huang have been supporting for some time: “our job is to create computer technology so that no one needs to program.” Huang said. at a conference in 2024. “A lot of these models are actually very good at STEM, right? But I think this idea that there are things that make us unique as humans, understanding ourselves, understanding history, understanding what motivates us, that’s always going to be really important.” That is, what Amodei considers to be really valuable in the future They are not people who know how to programbut rather teach AI models to think like a human. At Anthropic they are already on that path. The president of Anthropic assured that at the time of hire new employeesalready prioritize profiles of “great communicators, who have an excellent emotional quotient and people skills, who are kind, compassionate and curious and want to help others.” For the directive, “the things that make us human will become much more important instead of much less important.” In fact, Amodei does not see the future of work as a scenario of human vs AIbut of humans plus AI. “The combination of humans and AI creates more meaningful, more challenging, more interesting and highly productive jobs,” stressed the president of Anthropic, “And I believe it will also open the door to greater access and opportunities for many people,” she added. The harsh labor reality in Spain. The job placement rate of the humanities branch in Spain paints a very different picture. According to data According to the BBVA Foundation and the Ivie, 77.6% of young university students obtain a job according to their degree. Students who study computer and software engineering obtain an average employability rate of 89.4%. Instead, according to the report ‘The employability of young people in Spain 2025’ from the Knowledge and Development Foundation (CYD), the branch of Arts and Humanities are the ones that offer the fewest professional opportunities with an average affiliation rate of 63.5%. A complicated present. Amodei foresees a very different future in which AI will liberate the technical to enhance the human. But the truth is that currently graduates in Arts and Humanities are the ones with the lowest salaries. Only 36.4% of graduates in humanities branches exceeds 1,500 euros per monthcompared to engineering companies that charge an average of 2,900 euros gross per year. In Xataka | Finding a job had always been a good way to escape poverty: in Spain it is no longer true Image | Anthropic, Unsplash (Tai Bui)

Insects have been traveling to space for decades. Now the ESA is studying putting them on the astronauts’ plates

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For years, many of us have thought of insects as something foreign to our table, but they have been part of space history for much longer than we imagine. Even before the first astronauts reached orbit, these small species they had already shown that could withstand the conditions of flight. Today, with long-duration missions on the horizon, the conversation has changed. Europe wonders if these animals, so nutritious and easy to maintain, could become a real option to feed those who live far from Earth. Why insects. Although they are still a culinary rarity in Spain, insects are part of the regular diet of billions of people. The FAO estimates more than 2,000 species consumed on different continents, valued for their contribution of protein, iron, zinc and beneficial fats. Their ability to develop with few resources and transform waste into useful biomass makes them an attractive candidate for controlled food systems. That is why several European teams are analyzing its nutritional potential and its viability in environments where every gram counts. What we know about microgravity. Research with insects in space has accumulated decades of datafrom early suborbital flights to tests at orbital stations. During this journey, different species have been tested, with very different results: some managed to complete essential phases of the life cycle in microgravity and others showed sensitivity to factors such as movement or radiation. This contrast has been useful to understand what biological mechanisms remain stable outside of Earth and what processes are altered even in very resistant organisms. What the ESA is looking for. The European team work with a specific idea: to know in detail how these organisms behave in key phases of their development when they spend prolonged time in orbit. The agency has brought together diverse profiles to study their ability to recycle nutrients and produce protein under controlled conditions, a line that already has candidate species such as the common cricket and the mealworm. This research aims to clarify what biological requirements should be met before considering its production in long-duration missions. Fruit fly habitat used for scientific research in space Although there is an extensive history of testing with insects, much of the results are scattered and come from short missions. The majority of experiments did not reach times that allow the complete life cycle of a species to be followed, an essential requirement to evaluate its use in long missions. Furthermore, many of these investigations are old and used different methodologies, making it difficult to compare them. That is why ESA is preparing new studies specifically aimed at measuring changes in reproduction, development and behavior in orbit. Drosophila model. NASA’s experience with Drosophila melanogaster has demonstrated its usefulness as a model organism to understand physiological changes in space. The agency highlights that it shares a good part of the genes related to human diseases and that its accelerated reproduction facilitates the analysis of several generations. He Fruit Fly Lab, installed on the International Space Station, it allows us to follow their behavior and freeze samples for study on the ground. It also incorporates a centrifuge that helps distinguish which effects depend on gravity and which are linked to space radiation. Astronaut James D. “Ox” Van Hoften examines a bee experiment From the laboratory to the menu. For now, the food use of insects in space missions continues to be a line of study and not an immediate application. Researchers need to check how they behave in prolonged phases and what it would mean to stably grow them in inhabited modules. Added to this is the challenge of transforming this biomass into safe, manageable and acceptable products from a nutritional and sensory point of view. Everything is moving in the direction of exploring options, not automatically incorporating them into the astronauts’ menu. Images | ESA | POT In Xataka | Astronauts’ food is not appetizing at first, especially in China

A guy has been studying the diets of the oldest people in the world for years and is clear about what a good breakfast is.

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Dan “Longevity” Buettner is a controversial guy. He was the one who popularized the idea that five specific regions (Sardinia, Okinawa, Icaria, Nicoya and Loma Linda) had two things in common: a very high longevity and a diet with particular characteristics. Over time, the idea of ​​blue zones has been harshly criticized and rightly so. However, studying what people over a hundred years old were like, what habits they had and how they ate, has given us very interesting reflections. The importance of breakfast is one of them. We already know that breakfast is not the most important meal of the day. Although, of course, that doesn’t mean we can neglect it. Therefore, in a recent videoBuettner has given some recommendations. “The breakfasts of people who live longer do not include sugary cereals or greasy bacon,” he explained. On the contrary, the best breakfasts can be defined by three characteristics: it’s salty, it’s simple, and it’s rich in fiber. And it makes sense. For example, the evidence supporting fiber consumption. A diet with between 25 and 29 grams of fiber per day is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and even “all-cause mortality.” This is especially recommended in Spain where dietary surveys show the majority of the population below the recommendations. Something similar happens with “simplicity.” It’s not that more elaborate breakfasts are problematic per se. The fact is that the current rhythms of life make it easier for us not to complicate our lives and the “quick breakfasts” that the market offers are usually accumulate very high amounts of sugar (and salt). If we do not find simple and healthy alternatives, the drift will lead us to worse solutions from a nutritional point of view. Just the kind of things that “shorten” our lives. And then? Buttner makes some suggestions, of course: things like beans with rice, bread with avocado or even minestrone. That is, except perhaps the avocado (and thanks to the millennials), all the options are proposals that are somewhat far away from us – culturally speaking. However, breakfasts with legumes, whole grains and vegetables are not impossible. On the contrary, there are things “very much ours”, like tomato toast, that with a little care, would work as a scandal. What is clear is that, beyond Buttner, the available nutritional evidence is clear: we have to abandon cookies, cereals and other sweet breakfasts and adopt cheap, satiating and fiber-rich options. It doesn’t matter if it’s avocado and hummus or tomato, bread and olive oil. The important thing, as always, is to be more aware of what we eat. Image | Leti Kugler | Mae Mu In Xataka | Eating late in the morning is a bad idea. Now science knows better why

We have centuries studying the different types of clouds. What tells us the shape and color of these atmospheric phenomena

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The atmosphere of the earth hides about 12.9 billion liters of watermore or less. And a good part of that water is in huge clouds that we see fly over our heads as if nothing. These huge atmospheric objects captivate our imagination in childhood, but we often stop thinking about them during our day. Knowing them can help us pay attention to them. What is a cloud The clouds are essentially water, a lot of water. Steam -shaped water, small drops and Even small ice crystals that remain in suspension in the atmosphere. This water becomes visible when condensed, generating a contrast with the blue of the sky. The clouds circulate in the atmosphere dragged through the differences in pressure and the wind that they generate. They also move as a result of the land rotation itself, since the solid surface of the earth does not rotate in the same way as the atmosphere. The clouds can be of very different types that we classify according to certain conditions, such as the height to which they occur. For example, when the clouds are formed at surface height, we do not even usually refer to them as such, but as a fog. But the fog is still a type of cloud. How a cloud is formed The atmosphere keeps water vapor, small H2O molecules that are mixed with the other gases that make up the atmosphere. The amount of water that the atmosphere can store in the form of gas depends on factors such as temperature and pressure. There is a threshold from which the atmosphere Water “sat”and that is when this water can begin to accumulate. This accumulation is good when the amount of water increases or because atmospheric conditions make the threshold reduce, and implies that the molecules go from being a gas in suspension to form microscopic water drops. When these drops, still in suspension, accumulate, the clouds are formed. Types of clouds and characteristics The clouds are usually classified according to two fundamental characteristics: Your altitude in the atmosphere and its appearance. According to its altitude, three types of clouds are distinguished (with an additional case), groups that the State Meteorology Agency (Aemet) call of “high floor” (the highest altitude), of “middle floor” (intermediate altitude) and those of low floor (those of minor antura), to which we must add the clouds of vertical development. There are different terms with which referring to these clouds, for example we can speak sympleously of high, medium and low clouds. High floor clouds The high -floor clouds are those that are at heights between 5 and 13 kilometers on the ground, and include cirro, circoum and cirrostrates. Cirrus: According to Explain Aemetcirrus are clouds of the high floor, separate and “in the form of white and delicate filaments, or banks or narrow, white or almost white bands.” Cirrus. Piccolonamek, Commons. CIRCOUM: It is a thin layer of clouds, white and shadowless, “very small elements” in the form of grains or undulations. Circummers. King of Hearts. CIRROSTRATE: These clouds for their part acquire the appearance of a “cloudy veil”, also transparent and rather white, only that this type of clouds covers the sky, totally or partially, producing “halos.” Cirros and its characteristic halo. SeanMack Medium floor clouds The clouds of the middle floor are located at heights between two and seven kilometers, and can also be of various types: altocumulos, high, and nimbostratos. Altocúmulos: The altocumulus are already located at medium heights. It is a bank or cloud layer that can be white or gray. Its structure can varybeing formed by “tiles”, “rounded masses” or “rollers”, structures that, in turn, can be “partially fibrous or diffuse,” Explain Aemet. Altocumulos. Bidgee Altostrates: This layer of clouds usually has gray or bluish colors, it can also have a fibrous appearance, it is characterized by totally or partially covering the sky allowing to distinguish vaguely, but unlike cirrostrates, it does not produce halos. Altostrates. Famartin. Nimbostrates: These clouds form an already dark gray layer, with “appearance veiled by rainfall or snow precipitation”, rainfall that usually falls from it more or less continuously. Nimbostratos. Famartin. Low floor clouds The low floor clouds are those located at heights of up to two kilometers and can be of two types: strata and strata. Stratocumulous: Again clouds that can acquire a gray color, or, on other occasions, whitish with dark parts. Stratocumulous. DjClimber. Strata: Generally gray clouds, uniform base (relatively), which can produce drizzle. The halos in this cloud only occur when very low temperatures are reached. Strata. Couch-Scratching-Cats. Vertical Development Clouds Finally, vertical development clouds can also be of two types: clusters and cumulonimbos. Clusters: These are clouds that arise in isolation, dense and well -defined contours. These clouds develop vertically with the form of “protuberances”, “domes” or “towers.” Clusters. Piccolonamek. Cumulonimbos: Finally, the cumulonimbos are clouds that Aemet describes as “Amazacotadas and Dense”, of vertical development “in the form of a mountain or huge towers.” On his cusp, a top “smooth, fibrous or striated.” Cumulonimbos. NOAA/AOML/Hurricane Research Division. How much water is there in a cloud? The clouds are ethereal objects, “cotton” and with a density low enough to keep afloat at a certain height in the atmosphere. However, they are also huge, so the amount of water they can house is enormous. A few years ago, a group of researchers proposed answer the question How much water is in a cloud. The truth is that the answer can vary greatly since the volume of these atmospheric phenomena can be the most diverse. However, the team made an estimate based on a 0.5 grams of water per cubic meter of cloud. The team took as reference an average cluster, an cloud that would have a cubic shape and a kilometer long. The result: this imaginary cloud would contain about 500 tons of water. Larger clouds, of course, would be able to house an even greater amount of water. In Xataka | “We are changing the clouds”: … Read more

Studying a lot is fine, but there is another factor that influences that you approve or suspend: the exam time

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If you want to approve an exam, there is nothing more than study (well, or Use Chatgpt). Going prepared is the best insurance to get good note, but there is more. Some researchers have discovered That the exam time can also influence, and much, in the result. The study. It was carried out at the University of Messina, Italy. They took into account the exams that were made between the end of 2018 and early 2020. In total, more than 100,000 exams of 1,243 subjects. The approved rate was 57%, the curious thing was when they realized that there was a time slot in which the approved rate was greater. Better at noon. The exams were held from 8 in the morning until 4 in the afternoon. The time slot between 11:00 and 13:00 is where the approved rate reached its peak. If you are lucky enough to put the exam at that time, the chances of edges are higher. If on the contrary you have the exam at 8 in the morning or 3 in the afternoon, you may not take out outstanding. Because. The study does not delve into the causes, but researchers have a hypothesis: biological rhythms. One of the authors of the study affirms that the results show “how biological rhythms, often ignored in decision -making contexts, can significantly influence the result of high -risk evaluations.” Our cognitive performance is improving during the morning to reach a peak at noon and start its descent in the afternoon. The approved rate curve is clear: at noon better Fountain The chronotype The study also indicates that this could vary depending on the chronotype, something that has not been taken into account when obtaining the results. It refers to the natural predisposition of a person to have energy peaks and need for rest at different times of the day. Although we know that Genetics plays an important role in sleep cyclesit is also true that students usually study at night. A bad rest would explain that in the first hour the performance goes down. Exams and more. The researchers propose that the institutions concentrate the exams around the central hours of the day. Although the time of an exam does not depend on students, there are other evaluations where we do have some margin when arranging the time as a job interview, as They point to The Times. The researchers agree and leave the door open to study if the time also influences a better performance of the candidates and even the interviewers. Image | Flickr (University of Seville) In Xataka | The selectivity of 2025 promised to be more fair than ever: students feel that Pau is the opposite

We have been studying chocolate and tea compounds for more than 75 years. Now we know that they help control blood pressure

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A well -known Anglo -Saxon saying that an apple per day keeps doctors at bay. The nutrients of these fruits are undoubtedly a good way to prevent in the field of health. However, the healthy compounds we find in fruits such as apple or grapes are not their exclusive heritage of these. Some can also find them in tastier foods such as tea or chocolate. Flavanoles This is the case of the flavanoles (or flavan-3-tools), some compounds that, as a study has just verified, They can help us to keep our blood pressure under control. The study suggests that foods rich in these compounds, such as tea, chocolate, and fruits such as apple and grapes can help us reduce our blood pressure and with it our cardiovascular health. “The findings are hopeful for those who seek accessible ways to manage their blood pressure and support their cardiac health through enjoyable changes. Incorporating small amounts of foods commonly consumed, such as tea, apples, dark chocolate, or cocoa powder in a balanced diet can provide beneficial amounts of flavan-3-tools,” stood out in a press release Christian Heiss, co -author of the study. This last point is important, a balanced diet is always key when taking the nutritional advantages of any food. As Heiss himself clarifies, this type of dietary changes never serve as replacement for drugs, interventions and treatments prescribed by health professionals. These foods can be considered as an additional source of Flavanoles, but it may not be the main one. Old acquaintances. Flavanoles are old acquaintances for nutrition experts. These compounds are related to the color of some foods of plant origin, but throughout the last decades we have been detecting possible benefits of these compounds in people’s health. A decade ago, for example, it was observed Thanks to a study with mice that these compounds could delay the progression of type 2 diabetes. Other studies They have detected a positive effect of these compounds About memorythat It could be mediated for its positive effect on blood circulation. 75 years of research. The new study Show the results of a review of scientific and subsequent meta -analysis literature. The team compiled randomized essays published between 1946 and 2024, in which the effects on the blood pressure of rich foods in flanks and supplements of these compounds were tested. From these analyzes, the team concluded that foods rich in Flavenoles “considerably” high blood pressure, which supports its use in cardiovascular prevention. These foods “should be considered as effective components of interventions (based on healthy habits) to reduce blood pressure and cardiovascular prevention,” The team points out. The details of the study have been published In an article In the magazine European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. A grain of sand. Nutrition is a complex science and that is why we must take into account very different considerations. For example, that a food is rich in a certain compound does not always mean that its consumption will allow us to reach the amounts that we require from the nutrient. It is also important to know if there are other nutrients or compounds that may affect us. For example, both black chocolate and milk chocolate can contribute to us Flavenoles, but the second probably also gives us excessive amounts of sugar that counteract the positive impact of these compounds. In Xataka | We go to the most expensive chocolate in history: how the cocoa crisis will shoot its price Image | Maryam Nemati

We have been studying the oldest remains of a human in Atapuerca for more than two years. And we still know what species belonged to

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In the summer of 2022, those responsible for the Atapuerca site, in Burgos, made known An important find. It was about what seemed to be the face of the oldest hominid found throughout Europe and lived more than a million years ago in the north of the Peninsula. Almost three years later, we know new details about this primitive human. Pink Details such as the name with which they have baptized the individual to whom these bones belonged: Pink. The study has corroborated the initial estimates of the team responsible for the finding, which at the time already indicated that we are facing The oldest human in Europe of which we have record. The new estimates date the remains in a period that goes Between 1.4 and 1.1 million years ago In time. This implies that the fossil is several hundred thousand years before the oldest remains of the deposit (belonging to a Homo antecessor), dated about 860,000 years ago. Homo affinis erectus. An important fact that still remains to be elucidated about the species belonged to this individual. The new work confirms that the individual did not belong to the species Homo antecessoras the remains found in the Great Dolina. The specimen would have belonged to an old Homo erectus. That is why the remains have been classified in a “provisional” way as a member of the species Homo affinis erectus. “Homo antecessorShare with Homo sapiens a more modern -looking face and the projection of the bones of the nose, while Pink’s face configuration is more primitive, with features that remember Homo erectusespecially in its nasal, flat and poorly developed structure ”, explained in a press release María Martinón-Torres, director of CENIEH. June 2022. The fragment was found by Edgar TéllezMember of the Atapuerca research team, in June 2022. cataloged as ATE7-1, the remains were found in the stratum TE7 of the elephant’s chasm. After more than two years of analysis, the details of their study have been published in the form of Article in the magazine Nature. Clues about a way of life.The TE7 level can give us important clues about the environment in which Pink developed. It has recovered stone tools and animal remains with cuts of cuts, which would have been used by these presumable human inhabitants of Atapuerca and Europe. As explained by the team responsible for the study, these brands indicate that the inhabitants of Atapuerca in the lower Pleistocene not only knew the resources available in their environment, they were also able to take advantage of them “systematically”. A piece of a huge puzzle. The finding is just one more piece in the huge puzzle of human evolution and the dissemination of gender species Homo throughout our planet. We know that various waves of several species left their original continent, Africa, towards Eurasia, but the routes that followed have been hidden over time. Another important clue in this regard is precisely on a very different access route: Caucasus. A fossil gurpo found in Georgia They were so far the only track of the adventures of the H. erectus out of Africa. The oldest hominile fossils found outside the African continent were five skulls with around 1.8 million years old. These fossils were classified as H. erectusbut there are also certain doubts about this classification due to some important differences in their characteristics. This will suggest, Ann Gibbons explains In an article in the magazine Sciencethat more than one species HomoI could have left Africa in this era. The Atapuerca fossil would not belong to this species strictly, and now it gives us a new clue with which to advance in the resolution of the enigma complex. In Xataka | We just found the lost link of human evolution: the first bone toolbox Image | Iphes

thousands and thousands of Chinese studying at universities

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According to a group of researchers from the Paulson Institute in Chicago (USA) 38% of experts in artificial intelligence (AI) that develop their professional career in the US It has formed at Chinese universities. In fact, this American institution has concluded that In the US there are more Chinese experts in AI than professionals with a strictly American origin. This, According to Nikkei Asiasome experts in the industry concern due to the possibility that China decides to repatriate their students and researchers from the US to reinforce their AI industry. Some of the best centers dedicated to the science and technology on the planet are in China. The Tsinghua University of Beijing, the Jiao Tong University of Shanghai, the Zhejiang University of Hangzhou, the University of Science and Technology of Hefei or the University of Technology of South China, in Canton, are just a few. All of them have something important in common: they are world reference centers in technology, innovation and applied science. And many of his students are working in the US. At the current situation It is understandable that some American experts are concerned about the possibility of losing these qualified personnel. China wants to “build a strong educational nation” The Chinese education system works. The Government led by Xi Jinping is very aware that the country’s competitiveness In full struggle with the US For world supremacy depends largely on its scientific capacity. If we stick to the development of AI, which is undoubtedly the pitch in which these two superpowers are playing their best cards, it is evident that China advances at an amazing speed. The success of Deepseek supports both the proper functioning of the Chinese education system and the high competitiveness that this country has achieved despite US sanctions and his allies. High-Flyer, the Deepseek matrix, consists of Chinese researchers trained in the best universities in the country In fact, High-Flyer, the Deepseek parent company, is essentially constituted by Chinese researchers who have formed in the best universities in the country. Many of them come from the institutions that I have mentioned a few lines above. The government knows that this asset cannot waste, which in January led him to implement A National Action Plan that pursues “build a strong educational nation.” In addition, this strategy must be consolidated in just a decade. In 2035. Nothing is bad as a purpose. However, this is not all. Several Chinese elite universities They have announced His intention to expand his curricula with the objective of prioritizing the strategic needs of the country. AI is one of them. As we have seen, China already has a lot of scientific talent, and presumably in the medium term it will have more. Maybe much more. And, curiously, Depseek has something to say in this strategy. In fact, some university centers are already using this AI to teach training courses expressly dedicated to this discipline, although this plan does not only affect university students; Primary and secondary schools will also begin to train their students in AI. Image | Usman Abdulrasheedgambo More information | Reuters In Xataka | We already know the secret of the extreme efficiency of Deepseek: it has dodged the Cuda de Nvidia standard

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