rights

Peru has a lot at stake in protecting a key bee for the Amazon. So you have begun to recognize legal rights

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In Peru the judicial chronicles of 2026 start with an unexpected protagonist, one that usually has little to do with courts and lawsuits: bees. To be more precise, insects gender Meliponafamous above all for lacking a stinger and their important pollinating function. Precisely because of this relevance and to protect them from possible threats, the authorities of Satipo, in Junín (Peru), have recognized to the bees legal rights, which among other issues will allow them to be represented before the law. The decision is more important than it seems. Of laws and bees. that the bees play a key role in environmental balance is nothing new. For years (decades) researchers have been analyzing their role as pollinatorsits usefulness as pollution indicators and his slow decline. However, studies on the species tend to remain in the papers scientists and only occasionally sneak into the political debate. Hence decisions like the one adopted by the Provincial Municipality of Satipo, in Peru, are so relevant. There the authorities have decided neither more nor less than to publish an official ordinance which recognizes the legal rights of stingless bees that inhabit the biosphere reserve Avirei-Vraem. More than words. The decision is important for several reasons. The first, for the clear and resounding message it sends to society. The second transcends the symbolic sphere and part of the content of the ordinance itself. In it, the Provincial Municipality of Satipo not only recognizes stingless bees and their habitat as legal subjects. The text goes further and details the regulatory shield that protects insects, emphasizing their right to live in “healthy, balanced and adequate” habitats. The ordinance even grants them the “right to representation” in case their interests are harmed. Does it say anything else? Yes. The document, signed on October 27 and which can be consulted On the Peruvian Government website, it highlights “the fundamental role” that bees have at an environmental level and the importance of recognizing their “intrinsic rights”, which affects, for example, the use of pesticides. Hence, the Peruvian authorities also want to “promote awareness” about the species. “Nature is a whole (…). The rights recognized in this declaration are not only intended to guarantee the health of stingless bees, but also of the Amazon as a whole,” ditch. Beyond Satipo. There is who considers that, with its decision, Satipo has turned stingless bees into the first insects in the world with explicitly recognized rights. Whether or not this is the case, the undeniable thing is that its October ordinance seems to have paved the way for other similar ones. The diary The Spectator relieved Recently, the provincial municipality of Loreto-Nauta has taken a similar step and has become the second region to opt for the judicial protection of Amazonian bees. Beyond the measure itself, both localities have managed to put the focus on the risks that faces a species on which not only the environmental balance depends, but also the future of crops with a considerable impact economical, like cocoa or coffee. Is the situation so serious? In September the Peruvian Amazon Research Institute (IIAP) echoed from a study that warns that more than 50% of bee habitats Melipona eburnea and Tetragonisca angustula They are located in “high risk of deforestation areas” in the Amazon. Among the causes of this vulnerability, he cited the felling of trees in which the species nests, the illegal extraction of wood and the expansion of agriculture. It is not a minor issue if we take into account that, as remembers the Municipal Council of Satipo90% of the region’s wild plant and flower species depend directly on pollination driven by bees. Images | IIAP, Elena Mozvhilo (Unsplash) and Wikipedia In Xataka | The scientific reason why it is not a good idea to jump into the water to escape from bees (and other tips to avoid getting stung)

a temporary robot with AI, drones and without labor rights

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The “robots eat us” is far away for some jobs. In others, that science fiction scenario became a reality a long time ago. Every time it is more common to see that department stores are operated by robots and that automated or remote-controlled machines they have made a space in a framework in which there is a lack of labor. The countryside does not escape from that reality and in a country as dependent on agriculture as Spain, there are already those who are testing self-employed seasonal workers with artificial intelligence who They work tirelessly. And the controversy is served. Temporary with AI. A few days ago there was XXX IRTA Fruit Daysa meeting in which agricultural companies present technical innovations for the sector. One of the participants was Moreno Intec del Pla, a distributor and manufacturer of agricultural machinery specialized in fruit harvesting that has to its credit the Tecnofruit: a picking platform with conveyor belts on which human workers manually place the fruit. At this year’s event, the company presented a robot that has been in development for four years. It is a kind of huge container that has the fruit tanks, diesel tank, engine and wheels, but that has eight drones hooked to its upper part. Each of them is armed with an arm that they use to pick up the fruit (apples, in this case) and place it in the containers. The main advantage? They don’t get tired and each unit has integrated lighting to continue working, whatever the time of day. How it works. Each drone has cameras that allow the specimens to be identified, and a artificial intelligence It is responsible for analyzing whether the piece fits the parameters predefined by the farmer. This system can be configured to harvest all units or to discriminate based on size or color, and although it has remote control so that a single person can control up to five harvesters with the tablet, operation is autonomous. Apart from harvesting, it can also perform other functions such as the selective elimination of small fruits and, although the system currently uses a diesel engine with the aim of guaranteeing long autonomy, there are plans to create electrified versions. Costs and labor. Lluís Asín is responsible for the IRTA Fruit Growing program and, as we read in Segrecomments that systems like this represent “an important leap in the competitiveness of the sector.” He states that between 30% and 40% of the production cost of a plantation corresponds to the harvest and that platforms like this can help improve the profitability of the fields. And, of course, the debate is on the table because the robot arrives to directly replace human labor. Sergi Moreno is the technical director of Tallers Moreno, promoters of this robot, and assures that “it replaces the human part of the process. Each drone acts as if it were a person, but with the ability to operate day and night without rest.” He continues by pointing out that “the main problem of the sector is the lack of labor at the time of harvest”, but it is not perfect and can be seen in the demonstration video: “the same productivity as in manual work has not yet been achieved.” Japanese impulse. Now, Moreno is clear that “the future of the field depends on this automation,” and although Tallers Moreno have been the promoters, the robot has the impulse from Kubota Corporation. This is a Japanese agricultural machinery manufacturer that is developing and marketing autonomous drones for fruit and vegetable harvesting. plantation care. It is not unusual for proposals like this come from Japansince the country is going through a deep birth crisis that is affecting all sectors of society, and work in the field is not left out of this. This automation, in addition to reducing labor costs by 30% (a figure that coincides with IRTA’s estimate), allows increase the height of trees so that they produce more and they claim that the return on investment occurs in just three weeks. World. The development of this machinery is not isolated and Kubota is working hand in hand with the Israeli company Tevel Aerobotics Technologies. Like many other countries, Israel has a problem with agricultural labor, which is why it is looking to accelerate the development of these autonomous drones. It is one of the epicenters of both development and testing, but there are other countries involved. In the United States, states such as California or Washington are already integrating drones in fruit and vegetable harvesting. lettuce. In Europe, Italy and Spain have pilot collection programs underway and are also creating development and collaboration platforms, such as Tallers Moreno. Chile is evaluating the implementation for apple and grape farms. Debate. There are other countries in which putting drones to work is being well developed or valued, and the debate is served for the reason you can imagine: it is something that directly replaces the human worker. There are already voices that warn of a future in which the majority of these seasonal jobs will be absorbed by local automation, threatening livelihood of thousands of workers around the world. Furthermore, there are those who point to a unequal access because it will be the large producers that, with more means, will access this machinery, further strangling the small plantations. There is also the opposite argument, the one that defends robotic labor, pointing that there is no one who wants to work in the field and that new jobs will be created, with people who will have to train to control and maintain these robots. We continually talk about robots in facilities like car megafactoriesdepartment stores of companies such as Amazon and even in the kitchenbut now the field can be that place where robots perform another silent surprise. Although it will be necessary to see if the collection speed improves, because currently it is far from optimal. Images | Tevel In Xataka | You cannot get on the … Read more

The dubbing actors are planting in front of AI. In Mexico, the protest goes beyond image rights

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The protest was this Sunday, but the discomfort had been cooking for weeks. Actors, broadcasters and creatives of the dubbing world mobilized in Mexico City to ask that their voice, their work tool cannot be cloned by artificial intelligence without consent. The trigger was a video published by the INE that, according to the organizers, the voice of the deceased would have used José Lavat generated by means of. Lavat was one of the most recognized dubbing voices in Latin Spanish, known for his role as a narrator in the Dragon Ball series. The impact was immediate. And the answer, too. A protest in the CDMX center. The mobilization took place in the monument to the revolution, in the center of Mexico City. It was not a massive march, but it was significant: not only because of the number –According to the National Association of Actors (ANDA)more than a thousand people attended – but for the diversity of voices who joined the claim. Among the calls and assistants were Ameloc, the Anda herself, the United Voices Organization, Ark Dubbing Mexico, the Esteban Siller Artistic Specialization Center (Ceartes), and also the International Association of Workers of the Show (AITE). As they collect in this Instagram postthe claim was shared by broadcasters, actors, technicians, directors and professionals of all industry levels. “It’s not just about actors,” said Alejandro Cuétara, representative of Anda, cited by Ecos Media MX. “We are supporting a group of directors whose work is also at risk, and the guild in general, which includes the other 60 departments that participate in a filming. From which Barre, to the director: we are all at risk.” From the street claim to Congress. The protest was not just symbolic. The participants took advantage of the call to demand concrete changes in Mexican legislation. The objective: that the human voice – as biometric data and work tool – is protected by law against unauthorized uses with artificial intelligence. As explained by Cuétara, in the last legislature there were up to 58 attempts to regulate the use of AI. “And none came to a discussion,” he lamented. Now, they support a new initiative promoted by local deputy Paulo García, which has already been raised to the federal level. What they ask, in the words of the Anda representative, is clear: “That there are the attempts of law that there are.” Cuétara also made a direct call to President Claudia Sheinbaum, asking her to take the issue as a legislative priority. “We are asking the president, Dr. Claudia Sheinbaum, to take the matter as her own and that puts a priority initiative to be discussed,” she said in the demonstration. The proposal is not limited to the use of voices in advertising or cinema: seeks broader recognition. “By controlling biometric, not only of talents, actors, actresses … the biometric of all Mexican. That your voice is part of your own image and that no one can or replicate it or use it to feed generative intelligences,” he said. It is a concern that is not only technique: it is also human. Therefore, from the Mexican guild they propose the creation of a new seal, which works as a declaration of principles. To the already known “made in Mexico”, they want to add a new one: “made by humans.” The government takes note (at least for now). This Monday, In its usual public interventionPresident Claudia Sheinbaum referred to the case directly. “They are right,” he said, in relation to the claims of the actors and announcers who participated in the protest. “They are people who dedicate themselves mainly to dubbing and, according to what they raise, even people who already died. This is not correct,.” Sheinbaum confirmed that she has already talked with the legal counselor and the Ministry of Culture to open a dialogue channel with the groups. “We are going to meet them to see which schemes of protection to their work and their voice have to be used to avoid the use of what is their main work tool, which is their voice, through artificial intelligence,” he said during the morning conference. The president admitted that the issue raises legal challenges – as the debate on whether the voice can be considered a biometric data – but also recognized the value of the trade. “The dubbing that is done in Mexico is very good. There are many people who dedicate themselves to it and you have to protect their work, their voice and everything that is associated with this important profession.” The dilemma is not just Mexican. What is played in Mexico is part of a broader debate. Throughout the world, artificial intelligence has begun to enter the creative processes, From script writing to films dubbing. Prime video, for examplehas already launched a pilot program to apply dubbing assisted by AI in titles that did not have a localized version. The plan, they assure, combines AI with human review to make its catalog more accessible. But not everyone see it with good eyes. In Hollywood, critical voices accumulate. Robert Downey Jr., for example, made clear that it will not allow That a digital twin of yours is believed or that its image is used with without consent. “Even if I am dead, my law firm will remain very active,” he warned. Images | Jonathan Velasquez | Igor Omilaev | Ameloc In Xataka | The most experienced developers hoped to improve their productivity with AI. A study showed just the opposite

When Ibáñez lost Mortadelo’s rights in 1985 he created a new magazine where they would have another name: ‘I and I’ ‘

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In 67 years of life, Mortadelo and Filemón have lived a relatively placid existence: always under the authorship of its creator, Francisco Ibáñez, and published by the successive publishers who have held their rights. Sure? Well, not quite. Basic and officially, this is so, but in his career we find numerous potholes. Secret cartoonists who replaced Ibáñez without their permission, fighting for the rights of the characters, long seasons without charging … or the six criticism weeks in which the author published his creatures avoiding mentioning them. This is the story of ‘I and me’. The schism started in 1985, when Francisco Ibáñez left Bruguera, the editorial veteran who had been publishing the characters since 1958. The reason was the author’s discontent with the treatment of the editorial: he lived under asphyxiating work pressure, having to produce about forty weekly pages of Mortadelo For headers who multiplied: ‘Mortadelo’, ‘Super Mortadelo’, ‘Mortadelo Gigante’, ‘Special Mortadelo’ … It was in 1973 when the publishing house, without its permission and in need of more volume of stories, began to resort to cartoonists that they will imitate their stories to generate more stories of mortadelos. That purpose set in a study led by cartoonist Blas Sanchís, who came to have more than fifteen cartoonists and screenwriters under the name of Bruguera Equ. His work was not exactly small: They generated as many pages as the legitimate creator of the characters and even complete albums as ‘The Treasury’ or ‘The infallible growing’ comes. Bruguera Equipo developed a “Calcar Machine”, a template system that allowed copying the teacher’s comics. Although the general consensus is that, except frankly inspired copies, such as Casanyes, the stories of Bruguera Eiers lacked the grace of the originals. And most importantly: Ibáñez did not see a hard for any of it. This uncomfortable situation resulted in a legal battle, with Bruguera refusing to recognize intellectual property to Ibáñez and finally, Ibáñez marching halfing the story ‘the security preb’. The cartoonist’s march was not made public until 1986, When the press published the rupture And Bruguera had been editing things like ‘El Cochecito Leré’, a story that had previously been created for the German market (where the characters were as popular as in Spain), and performed entirely by the Bruguera Equ. In any case, Bruguera would not give much more war: he closed in 1986. Grijalbo arrives and stays with the pair of bald Bruguera’s cartoonists were very disputed in that situation, and Ibáñez was not the only discontent, because they had been charging intermittently since 1982. With Bruguera in free fall, he and others like Raf (‘Sir Tim O k Grijalbo to get the magazine ‘Guai!’, A clear imitation of the Bruguera style, but where they could not use their classic characters. Ibáñez created in this new magazine ‘Chicha, Tato and Clodoveo’, which would repeat some plot schemes of ‘Mortadelo and Filemón’, already ‘7, Rebolling Street’, a clear double page imitation of ’13, Rue del Percebe ‘. But the situation would take a new turn when in 1987 Law 22/1987 on intellectual property and copyright, which would recognize the property of the characters for the benefit of the cartoonist. Ibáñez had a free way to use them and would do it in a new Grijalbo magazine expressly created for it in 1987 … but that legally could not use the name of the characters in the header, because with that use they belonged to Bruguera. The solution was to call the magazine ‘I and I’, in what would be a very strange commercial decision: Mortadelo appeared as a claim (and Thus had been publicized In the magazine ‘Guai!’), But not mentioned on the cover. Ibáñez would not get away from the ghost of the apocryphal cartoonists, because their ‘chicha, tato and clodoveo’ would continue in their original head, but made by other artists without accrediting. Only six numbers later, the magazine closes, it is not clear why: the most possible reason is that Grupo Z (new owner of the rights of Bruguera, which would exploit from its seal editions b) pressed to Grijalbo. Six months later, in December, Ibáñez for editions B, which in all this time had been publishing since 1986 Mortadelo stories illustrated by apocryphal cartoonists, such as ‘The Transmutant Ray’. They are black times for the characters: Although Ibáñez’s return at number 49 of the new ‘Mortadelo’ in February 1988 occurs in style, with the incredible cover of the character disguised as Tejero, the stories give an important downturn. Until 1991 we are in a Transition stage that, as it was later known (at that time it was an absolutely silenced issue), They would continue to perform anonymous equipment. Many of them would be drawn for what would be their apocryphal par excellence, Juan Manuel MuñozIbáñez trusted man who It would help you for decades to finish the character’s albums, until the death of the cartoonist. The volume of work that Editions B demanded was so high that Ibáñez was forced to record the scripts in cassettes to save time. As of 1991, however, Ibáñez will regain the complete authorship of the characters. The editor of edition B of that time, Julia Galán, demanded an improvement of the quality of ‘Mortadelo and Filemón’ to rescue them from the creative crisis they were going through, and the result were, since 1996 and with the disappearance of the magazines, long stories that would have been filled with references to the presenta certain levish continuity in characters and scenarios from one album to another and more cool arguments. Thus would remain until the death of Ibáñez in 2023, with Mortadelo and Filemón converted, despite these potholes, in absolute history of Spanish humor. Header | Grijalbo In Xataka | ‘Exterminius’: the alien photonovela that traumatized a generation from the pages of ‘Mortadelo’

How is legislation and what rights do you have to deny you

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Let’s explain why Your company cannot force you to join a WhatsApp group of work, even if important things have to be communicated. This is a direct and comfortable communication route between employees and bosses, although it can violate some of your personal rights. Therefore, let’s clarify you What is the situation of this type of groups As for legislation. We will tell you The rights you have and the procedures for which they can be created. The key is in consent WhatsApp has become an almost by default tool to make groups of friends or family to be able to chat at all times. And groups can also be created for the company, although here you have to take into account and respect those who They do not want to join groups or receive invitations. This can be somewhat conflictive, especially when the invitation is from your chief of work. In the Organic Law for the Protection of Personal Data and guarantee of digital rights or RGPD there is no article in which this situation is talk about, although in some articles Spanish data protection agency or AEPD If certain rules are established for this issueand that serve as the basis to know how to act. According to this agency, They cannot invite you to a WhatsApp business group without your permission. When they do, all other members can see your phone number. This number is cataloged as one of your personal data according to article 4.1 of the GDPR, so getting into consent without consent violates the data protection law. This is because of the treatment given to your personal data, which is illicit in the event that you are forced to enter a WhatsApp group of your company without your consent. This is an infraction that already has caused fines to companieseven In such seemingly innocent cases as the group to organize a New Year’s Eve party. And what about teleworkors? Teleworking is a work form that entails a somewhat more different scenario, and on which there is no concrete legislation. In part, this will depend on the contract that the worker has signed, because in many occasions the company includes the obligation to give their telephone number and email to be able to contact him in urgent cases. Therefore, the one who can put you in a WhatsApp group in your company when you have such a contract formed It depends on whether it justifies that it is urgent. For practical purposes, this makes it generally Nor can they add you without your consent straight. Your boss cannot infiltrate It may also be the case that you have a WhatsApp group between employees, and that the boss gets to access illegally and use those messages in some type of active judicial process. This case has already been givenand supposed A conviction for the crime of discovery and revelation of secrets. Come on, that if your boss does not participate in a WhatsApp group, he cannot infiltrate without permission and use what you say on your against. Everything changes with a company phone Finally, you should know that all this changes if your bosses They give you a company phone. In these cases, there have already been sentences that point to that The company has control over these media Because they are yours. Come on, if you give you a phone with a number, they belong to the company and they could force you to access a WhatsApp group with this number. But here, everything also depends on the contract you have, and the company must have a policy of its technologies in which specify what the worker can or cannot do With them. Therefore, it must be something that is clear in business policies, and will depend on each of them. In Xataka Basics | WhatsApp news in April 2025: What changes and what adds the application for Android and iOS

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